JPH0260974B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0260974B2 JPH0260974B2 JP32481A JP32481A JPH0260974B2 JP H0260974 B2 JPH0260974 B2 JP H0260974B2 JP 32481 A JP32481 A JP 32481A JP 32481 A JP32481 A JP 32481A JP H0260974 B2 JPH0260974 B2 JP H0260974B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- tank
- water
- cooling
- freezing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009291 secondary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は結氷管面に成長する結氷槽の結氷量測
定装置である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an apparatus for measuring the amount of ice that grows on the surface of a freezing tube.
結氷槽はいわゆるアイスバンクとも称せられる
もので、夏期の冷房時において省エネルギーの見
地より夜間電力で予め被冷却水を結氷させて潜熱
として貯えて置き、昼間これを解氷して使用する
もので、小規模の蓄熱槽で大きな容量の冷却を行
わせることが出来、省資源的にも有用なものであ
る。 A freezing tank is also referred to as an ice bank, and from the standpoint of energy conservation during summer cooling, the water to be cooled is frozen using electricity at night and stored as latent heat, which is then thawed and used during the day. A large capacity of cooling can be achieved with a small-scale heat storage tank, which is also useful in terms of resource conservation.
従来このようなアイスバンク方式においては、
冷却管面に成長する結氷厚みの検出、測定、制御
に関しての各種の開発が行われているが、これら
は冷却管面に成長する結氷状態を局部的に検出、
測定、制御を行わせるための、これらのセンサー
を冷却管の適当箇処に複数個設置して置き、それ
らの値を基にして結氷管面に成長する結氷厚さの
測定が行われている。然し冷却管を流れる冷媒量
の多寡、或は被冷却水の流量、その流れの姿態、
これによつて生じた結氷による二次的の影響、結
氷、解氷の繰り返しによる不特定位置における結
氷の異常成長のために、局部的の氷厚の検出、制
御では全結氷量の検出、測定、制御等は困難なも
のである。このために冷却管面に成長する結氷に
より、その比容積の増加分だけ被冷却水を溢水さ
せ、結氷の前後における結氷槽の重量差を秤量す
ることにより、結氷量の測定を行わせる結氷量測
定装置が開発されているが、小規模の結氷槽にお
いては冷却管を結氷槽と隔離して吊架させ、被冷
却水のみを含めた結氷槽を秤量することが出来る
が、大規模の結氷槽においては、冷却管及びその
表面に成長した結氷量を前述の様な構造により吊
架することの困難さ、被冷却水の高精度の水面制
御の点に問題がある。 Conventionally, in this type of ice bank method,
Various developments have been made to detect, measure, and control the thickness of ice that grows on the surface of cooling pipes.
To perform measurement and control, multiple of these sensors are installed at appropriate locations on the cooling pipe, and based on these values, the thickness of ice that has grown on the surface of the freezing pipe is measured. . However, the amount of refrigerant flowing through the cooling pipe, the flow rate of the water to be cooled, the shape of the flow,
Due to the secondary effects of ice formation caused by this, and the abnormal growth of ice in unspecified locations due to repeated freezing and melting, local ice thickness detection and control requires detection and measurement of the total amount of ice formation. , control, etc. is difficult. For this purpose, the amount of ice formed is measured by overflowing the water to be cooled by the increase in specific volume due to the ice that grows on the surface of the cooling pipe, and by weighing the difference in weight of the freezing tank before and after freezing. Measuring devices have been developed, but in small-scale freezing tanks, the cooling tube can be isolated from the freezing tank and suspended, and the freezing tank containing only the water to be cooled can be weighed, but in large-scale freezing tanks, In a tank, there are problems in that it is difficult to suspend the cooling pipe and the amount of ice that has grown on its surface using the above-described structure, and that it is difficult to control the water level of the water to be cooled with high precision.
本発明はこの点に鑑み行われたものである。図
は本発明の原理を示す結氷槽の断面略図で、１は
口許を絞つた徳利状の結氷槽で、その内部に冷却
管２が収納される。３は結氷槽１の上蓋で笠状を
呈し、その頂部に排気管４が設けられ、その先端
は外気に開放される。この排気管４の断面積は結
氷槽１の水平断面積に較べて著しく小さく、これ
に溢水線８が設定される。５は排水管で、前記結
氷槽１の底部で開口し、前記槽外にこれを導出さ
せ、被冷却水６のオーバーフロー孔７を設ける。
冷却管２には前記溢水線８を越えた位置に可撓管
９を接続し、冷却装置１０に接続される。また冷
却管２は結氷槽１、若しくは上蓋３の貫通部、或
はその他の必要箇処を支柱１１などで結氷槽１に
支持される。冷却管２の冷却は満液冷却方式によ
るものとし、その冷媒の液面は常に一定位置に保
持されるように液面制御装置１２（図では浮子
式）で制御される。１３は結氷管２面に成長する
結氷である。１４は給水管で、被冷却水の必要量
に応じて結氷槽１に結水が行われ、これにより結
氷槽１の下層部の被冷却水を排水管５を通しオー
バーフロー孔７より溢水させ、結水管１４より冷
却水が給水されて溢水線８まで常に冷却水が充満
されているようにする。１５は結氷槽１其の他を
含めた全重量を秤量するセンサーで、１６はその
演算指示計である。秤量センサー１５は歪抵抗を
利用した重荷重に適するロードセルなどが最適
で、全結氷量の演算、或は被冷却水量とその平均
温度を基礎として全蓄冷熱量の演算を行わせるの
にも都合がよい。 The present invention has been made in view of this point. The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of a freezing tank showing the principle of the present invention. 1 is a bottle-shaped freezing tank with a narrow opening, and a cooling pipe 2 is housed inside the freezing tank. Reference numeral 3 designates the upper lid of the freezing tank 1, which is shaped like a hat, and an exhaust pipe 4 is provided at the top of the lid, and the tip thereof is opened to the outside air. The cross-sectional area of the exhaust pipe 4 is significantly smaller than the horizontal cross-sectional area of the freezing tank 1, and the overflow line 8 is set therein. A drain pipe 5 is opened at the bottom of the freezing tank 1, and is led out of the tank, and an overflow hole 7 for the water to be cooled 6 is provided.
A flexible pipe 9 is connected to the cooling pipe 2 at a position beyond the overflow line 8, and is connected to a cooling device 10. Further, the cooling pipe 2 is supported by the freezing tank 1 at a penetrating portion of the freezing tank 1 or the upper lid 3, or at other necessary locations by supports 11 or the like. The cooling pipe 2 is cooled by a full liquid cooling method, and the liquid level of the refrigerant is controlled by a liquid level control device 12 (a float type in the figure) so that the liquid level is always maintained at a constant position. 13 is ice growing on two sides of the freezing tube. 14 is a water supply pipe, which freezes water in the freezing tank 1 according to the required amount of water to be cooled, thereby causing the water to be cooled in the lower layer of the freezing tank 1 to pass through the drain pipe 5 and overflow from the overflow hole 7; Cooling water is supplied from a water connection pipe 14 so that the overflow line 8 is always filled with cooling water. 15 is a sensor for weighing the total weight of the freezing tank 1 and others, and 16 is its calculation indicator. The weighing sensor 15 is optimally a load cell that uses strain resistance and is suitable for heavy loads, and is also convenient for calculating the total amount of frozen water or the total amount of cold storage heat based on the amount of cooled water and its average temperature. good.
次に本発明の運転動作について説明する。冷却
管２内の冷媒の流れにより冷却管２の表面は冷却
され、管面に接して流れる被冷却水６が冷却され
て冷却管２面に結氷１３が行われる。氷の比容積
α＝1.09とすれば、結氷の成長するにしたがい、
結氷による容積の増加分だけ排水管５に設けられ
たオーバーフロー孔７より被冷却水は溢水するこ
とになる。即ち結氷重量をｘとすれば、結氷容積
はαxとなり、αx−ｘだけがオーバーフローした
水量となる。依つて、結氷前後の秤量した重量差
W1−W2＝αx−ｘで、結氷量はｘ＝W1−W2／α
−１となり結氷量が求められる。そこで前式の重
量差を秤量センサー１５に感知させ、この秤量セ
ンサーに接続した演算装置により演算された結氷
量を演算指示計１６に読み取ることができる。こ
の場合の秤量されるものは図において、結氷槽
１、結氷管２とそれらの支柱１１、結氷管２内の
冷媒液量、液面制御装置１２、排水管５、被冷却
水６及び結氷１３等であり、被冷却水６及び結氷
量１３以外の諸量は一定である。 Next, the operation of the present invention will be explained. The surface of the cooling pipe 2 is cooled by the flow of the refrigerant inside the cooling pipe 2, and the water to be cooled 6 flowing in contact with the pipe surface is cooled, thereby forming ice 13 on the surface of the cooling pipe 2. If the specific volume of ice α = 1.09, as the ice grows,
The water to be cooled overflows from the overflow hole 7 provided in the drain pipe 5 by the amount of increase in volume due to freezing. That is, if the frozen weight is x, the frozen volume is αx, and only αx−x is the amount of water that overflows. Therefore, the difference in weight before and after freezing
W 1 - W 2 = αx - x, and the amount of ice is x = W 1 - W 2 / α
-1, and the amount of ice formation can be determined. Therefore, the weight difference in the above equation can be sensed by the weighing sensor 15, and the amount of ice calculated by the computing device connected to the weighing sensor can be read by the computing indicator 16. In this case, the items to be weighed are shown in the figure: the freezing tank 1, the freezing tube 2 and their supports 11, the amount of refrigerant in the freezing tube 2, the liquid level control device 12, the drain pipe 5, the water to be cooled 6, and the freezing tube 13. etc., and the various quantities other than the water to be cooled 6 and the amount of frozen water 13 are constant.
こゝで結氷槽１の水平断面積は大規模結氷槽の
場合には極めて大きなものとなるので、被冷却水
６の僅かな水面制御誤差、即ち溢水量の過不足が
結氷量に大きな誤差として影響することになるた
めに、水平断面積に較べて著しく小さな断面積部
分を溢水線８とすることにより、水面制御精度を
著しく向上させることが出来るものである。 Here, since the horizontal cross-sectional area of the freezing tank 1 is extremely large in the case of a large-scale freezing tank, a slight error in the water level control of the cooled water 6, that is, an excess or deficiency in the amount of overflowing water, will cause a large error in the amount of freezing. Therefore, by setting the overflow line 8 to a portion with a significantly smaller cross-sectional area than the horizontal cross-sectional area, water level control accuracy can be significantly improved.
次に冷却管２及びこれに附属する部分１１，１
２等を結氷槽１に対して隔離することは大容量の
場合は困難となるためにこれらを結氷槽１と一体
ならしめ、他方においては冷却装置１０との結合
部分を可撓管９を介して接続し、結氷１３其の他
を含めた結氷槽１の秤量に影響を及ぼすことがな
いようにしたものである。次に冷却は冷媒の満液
方式によるために、冷媒の液面は液面制御装置１
２で行われており、冷却管２内に満されている冷
媒液量を常に一定量として運転されることにな
る。なお、この満液冷却方法は冷却効率の優れた
運転を可能ならしめることのできる方法なのであ
る。以上は給水管よりの給水が停止している状態
においての説明であるが給水状態にあつても別に
異るところはない。被冷却水のオーバーフロー機
構、冷媒の液面制御機構はその一例を示したもの
であつてこれに限定されることはない。 Next, the cooling pipe 2 and its attached parts 11, 1
Since it is difficult to isolate the 2nd etc. from the freezing tank 1 when the capacity is large, these are integrated with the freezing tank 1, and on the other hand, the connection part with the cooling device 10 is connected via a flexible tube 9. This connection is made so that the weight of the freezing tank 1 including the ice cubes 13 and others will not be affected. Next, since the cooling is based on the refrigerant filling method, the liquid level of the refrigerant is controlled by the liquid level control device 1.
2, and the operation is performed with the amount of refrigerant liquid filled in the cooling pipe 2 always being constant. Note that this full liquid cooling method is a method that enables operation with excellent cooling efficiency. The above explanation is based on the state where water supply from the water supply pipe is stopped, but there is no difference even when water is being supplied. The overflow mechanism for the water to be cooled and the liquid level control mechanism for the refrigerant are merely examples thereof, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
本発明は以上のように結氷槽の形状を徳利状結
氷槽とし、その上蓋を笠状としてその頂部に排気
管を設け、結氷槽の水平断面積に較べて著しく小
さな断面積部分を有する排気管を設け、それに溢
水線を設定し、この位置に相当する高さに排水管
のオーバーフロー孔を設け、冷却管には可撓管を
介して冷却装置と接続し、満液式冷却方法により
冷却が行われるようにしたために、結氷前後にお
ける秤量差を高精度で求めることが出来るもので
ある。従つて結氷量を連続的に測定し、また被冷
却水の熱量をこれに加算して全熱量の演算を行わ
せることにより、全蓄冷熱量の高精度の測定、指
示、或はこれらによる制御も行わせることが出
来、省エネルギー、省資源的にも極めて有効なも
のである。 As described above, the present invention provides an ice freezing tank having a sake bottle shape, the upper lid of which is shaped like a cap, and an exhaust pipe is provided at the top of the tank, and the exhaust pipe has a portion with a significantly smaller cross-sectional area than the horizontal cross-sectional area of the freezing tank. An overflow line is set on it, an overflow hole is provided in the drain pipe at a height corresponding to this position, the cooling pipe is connected to a cooling device via a flexible pipe, and cooling is performed using a flooded cooling method. Because this is done, the difference in weighing before and after freezing can be determined with high precision. Therefore, by continuously measuring the amount of ice and adding the amount of heat of the water to be cooled to calculate the total amount of heat, it is possible to measure, indicate, and control the total amount of stored cold heat with high accuracy. It is extremely effective in terms of energy and resource conservation.
図は本発明の原理を示す結氷槽の断面略図で、
１……結氷槽、２……冷却管、３……上蓋、４
……排気管、５……排水管、６……被冷却水、７
……オーバーフロー孔、８……溢水線、９……可
撓管、１０……冷却装置、１１……支柱、１２…
…液面制御装置、１３……結氷、１４……給水
管、１５……秤量センサー、１６……演算指示
計。
The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ice freezing tank showing the principle of the present invention. 1... Ice freezing tank, 2... Cooling pipe, 3... Upper lid, 4
... Exhaust pipe, 5 ... Drain pipe, 6 ... Cooled water, 7
... Overflow hole, 8 ... Overflow line, 9 ... Flexible pipe, 10 ... Cooling device, 11 ... Support column, 12 ...
...Liquid level control device, 13...Icing, 14...Water supply pipe, 15...Weighing sensor, 16...Calculating indicator.
Claims (1)
積に比べて著しく小さな断面積を有する排気管を
設け、該排気管に溢水線を設定し、前記槽の底部
位置で開口し、且つ溢水線の位置で槽外に冷却水
を排出する排水管と前記槽内の冷却水が常に前記
溢水線まで充満されるように冷却水を給水する給
水管を設け、前記溢水線を越えた高さの槽外位置
に可〓管を介して冷却管と冷却装置を接続させ、
該冷却管内の冷媒液が常に一定位置に保持される
ように冷媒液面制御装置を設け、冷却管面に成長
した結氷の比体積で生ずる体積膨張の増加による
結氷槽の結氷前後の重量差を求める秤量センサー
と該秤量センサーから結氷量を測定し得る演算装
置を設けたことを特徴とする結氷槽の結氷量測定
装置。1. An exhaust pipe having a cross-sectional area significantly smaller than the horizontal cross-sectional area of the freezing tank is provided at the highest position of the upper lid of the freezing tank, and a water overflow line is set on the exhaust pipe, and the pipe opens at the bottom of the tank and prevents water from overflowing. A drain pipe for discharging cooling water to the outside of the tank at the position of the line and a water supply pipe for supplying cooling water so that the cooling water in the tank is always filled up to the overflow line, and the height beyond the overflow line is provided. Connect the cooling pipe and cooling device to the outside of the tank via a flexible pipe,
A refrigerant liquid level control device is provided so that the refrigerant liquid in the cooling pipe is always maintained at a constant position, and the weight difference before and after freezing in the freezing tank due to the increase in volume expansion caused by the specific volume of ice that has grown on the surface of the cooling pipe is reduced. A device for measuring the amount of ice formed in an ice freezing tank, characterized in that it is provided with a weighing sensor to be determined and a calculation device capable of measuring the amount of ice formed from the weighing sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32481A JPS57113348A (en) | 1981-01-07 | 1981-01-07 | Structure of freezing level measuring tank |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32481A JPS57113348A (en) | 1981-01-07 | 1981-01-07 | Structure of freezing level measuring tank |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57113348A JPS57113348A (en) | 1982-07-14 |
| JPH0260974B2 true JPH0260974B2 (en) | 1990-12-18 |
Family
ID=11470718
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32481A Granted JPS57113348A (en) | 1981-01-07 | 1981-01-07 | Structure of freezing level measuring tank |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57113348A (en) |
-
1981
- 1981-01-07 JP JP32481A patent/JPS57113348A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57113348A (en) | 1982-07-14 |
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