JPH0263123B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0263123B2 JPH0263123B2 JP57146920A JP14692082A JPH0263123B2 JP H0263123 B2 JPH0263123 B2 JP H0263123B2 JP 57146920 A JP57146920 A JP 57146920A JP 14692082 A JP14692082 A JP 14692082A JP H0263123 B2 JPH0263123 B2 JP H0263123B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- flame
- burner
- air
- furnace
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
- F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
- F23C6/047—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure with fuel supply in stages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
- F23C2201/10—Furnace staging
- F23C2201/101—Furnace staging in vertical direction, e.g. alternating lean and rich zones
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は、燃焼方法に係り、特に排ガス中の
窒素酸化物（以下、NOxと記す）を低減するに
好適な多段燃焼方法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combustion method, and particularly to a multistage combustion method suitable for reducing nitrogen oxides (hereinafter referred to as NO x ) in exhaust gas.
従来技術によれば、複数のバーナを有する燃焼
炉においては、各々の火炎およびまたは燃焼用空
気の旋回方向が特に規定されていなかつたため、
燃焼炉内のガス上昇流と火炎およびまたは燃焼用
空気の旋回方向とにより、火炎が、内部に冷却媒
体を流通させた炉壁を有する上記燃焼内で曲るこ
とによつて火炎が燃焼炉炉壁に当る結果、COや
煤塵等不完全燃焼生成物が発生し易い構造になつ
ていた。 According to the prior art, in a combustion furnace having a plurality of burners, the swirling direction of each flame and/or combustion air is not particularly defined.
Due to the upward flow of gas in the combustion furnace and the swirling direction of the flame and/or combustion air, the flame bends in the combustion chamber, which has a furnace wall through which a cooling medium flows, and the flame is bent in the combustion furnace. As a result of hitting the wall, the structure was such that incomplete combustion products such as CO and soot were likely to be generated.
特に近年では、排ガス中のNOxを低減させる
手段として、例えば燃料燃焼領域において燃料過
剰状態を意識的に作り、NOxの発生を抑制し、
しかる後、アフタエア口からアフタエアを吹き込
んで完全燃焼を行う２段燃焼法、さらに上段バー
ナから燃料のみ、または極度に燃料過剰とした混
合気を注入し、上段バーナ火炎中に燃焼中間生成
物（例えばNH2、C2ラジカル等）を発生させ、
下段および中段バーナで発生したNOxを還元さ
せる方法などが採用されていた。 Particularly in recent years, as a means to reduce NO x in exhaust gas, for example, consciously creating an excess fuel state in the fuel combustion region to suppress the generation of NO x ,
After that, a two-stage combustion method is used in which afterair is blown into the afterair port to achieve complete combustion.Furthermore, only fuel or a mixture with extremely excess fuel is injected from the upper stage burner, and combustion intermediate products (e.g. NH 2 , C 2 radicals, etc.),
A method was used to reduce the NO x generated in the lower and middle burners.
上記のような燃料過剰状態においては、特に
CO、煤塵等の不完全燃焼生成物が多量に発生す
るために、燃焼炉炉壁での火炎の冷却による不完
全燃焼生成物の発生量を助長する結果になり、従
来技術では低NOx化を図る程、上記の不完全燃
焼生成物が多量に発生し易いという欠点があつ
た。 Especially in the above-mentioned excess fuel condition,
Since a large amount of incomplete combustion products such as CO and soot are generated, the cooling of the flame on the furnace wall increases the amount of incomplete combustion products generated, and conventional technology has been unable to reduce NOx . The more this is attempted, the more the above-mentioned incomplete combustion products tend to be produced in large quantities.
従来技術による他の欠点は、上記不完全燃焼生
成物を酸化させるために、アフタエアもかなり余
剰に供給していたので、送風機動力の浪費と燃焼
ガス量増加による排気損失が多く、燃焼効率の低
下をもたらしていた。 Another drawback of the prior art is that a large surplus of after air is supplied in order to oxidize the incomplete combustion products, which wastes the power of the blower and increases the amount of combustion gas, resulting in a large exhaust loss and a decrease in combustion efficiency. It was bringing about.
この発明の目的は、上記した従来技術の欠点を
なくし、排ガス中の煤塵を増加させることなく、
NOxを低減できる多段燃焼方法を提供するにあ
る。 The purpose of this invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and to eliminate soot and dust in exhaust gas.
An object of the present invention is to provide a multistage combustion method that can reduce NO x .
要するにこの発明は、炉壁に対する火炎の当た
りを防止するために、火炎およびまたは燃焼用空
気の旋回と燃焼炉内のガス上昇流との合成により
生じる流体力（マグナス効果という）を利用し、
炉壁に近いバーナに対して燃焼炉内へ上記流体力
が働くように、かつ燃焼炉内の左右の温度バラン
スを勘案して、火炎およびまたは燃焼用空気の旋
回方向を規制するものである。 In short, this invention utilizes the fluid force (referred to as the Magnus effect) generated by the combination of the swirling of the flame and/or combustion air and the upward flow of gas in the combustion furnace to prevent the flame from hitting the furnace wall.
The swirling direction of the flame and/or combustion air is regulated so that the fluid force acts on the burner near the furnace wall into the combustion furnace, and in consideration of the left and right temperature balance within the combustion furnace.
以下、この発明の一実施例を図面に基づいて説
明する。第１図は、複数のバーナを有する燃焼炉
の断面図である。なお、各図中、同一または同等
の部位には同一の符号を付ける。 Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a combustion furnace with multiple burners. In addition, in each figure, the same reference numerals are given to the same or equivalent parts.
まず構成を説明する。燃焼炉１の下部に燃焼ガ
ス１５の流量を調節するためのホツパ口２を設け
るとともに、上記燃焼炉１に、下段バーナ３、中
段バーナ４および上段バーナ５を設ける。上記バ
ーナの上方には缶前アフタエア口９と缶後アフタ
エア口１０を設け、その各々に缶前アフタエア風
箱１１と缶後アフタエア風箱１２が独立して設け
てある。第２図は、第１図のＡ―Ａ断面図を示す
もので、上記各段毎に６個のバーナおよびアフタ
エア口が設けられている例である。各段の風箱
６，７，８は、図示のように仕切板によつて仕切
られ、各々独立している。上記風箱にはそれぞれ
図示してない燃焼用空気フアンが空気ダクト（図
示せず）を通り、図示してない風量調節ダンパを
介して接続されている。 First, the configuration will be explained. A hopper port 2 for adjusting the flow rate of combustion gas 15 is provided in the lower part of the combustion furnace 1, and the combustion furnace 1 is also provided with a lower burner 3, a middle burner 4, and an upper burner 5. A can front after-air port 9 and a can rear after-air port 10 are provided above the burner, and a can front after-air wind box 11 and a can back after-air wind box 12 are independently provided in each of them. FIG. 2 shows a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, and is an example in which six burners and after-air ports are provided for each stage. The wind boxes 6, 7, and 8 in each stage are separated by partition plates as shown in the figure, and are independent from each other. A combustion air fan (not shown) is connected to each of the wind boxes through an air duct (not shown) and an air volume adjusting damper (not shown).
つぎに作用を説明する。このような燃焼炉１の
構成において、例えば下段バーナ３近傍の燃焼炉
１内にガスの下段上昇速度ベクトル１３が生じる
と、該上昇流は、上昇するにつれて各段バーナお
よびアフタエアから燃焼用空気および燃料が供給
されて加速される。例えば燃焼炉１内の上段バー
ナ５近傍のガスの上段上昇速度ベクトル１４は、
第１図に示すように、下段上昇速度ベクトル１３
に比べて大きくなつている。第３図は、旋回のあ
る火炎およびまたは燃焼用空気が受ける流体力の
原理図で、上段バーナ火炎１６に及ぼす流体力ベ
クトル１８の作用方向を示すものである。いま上
段上昇速度ベクトル１４が上向きに均一に流れ、
かつ上段バーナ火炎１７の旋回方向１７が図示の
ように右回転の場合には、上段バーナ火炎１６の
右側では火炎旋回方向１７と上段上昇速度ベクト
ル１４が互いに打ち消され、その結果、上段バー
ナ火炎１６の右側の圧力が上昇する。一方、左側
においては全く逆になり、火炎旋回方向１７と上
段上昇速度ベクトル１４が同方向となり、流速の
大きい方に引きずられる。この結果、上段バーナ
火炎１６の左側では圧力が低下または変化しな
い。従つて上段バーナ火炎１６においては、左側
と右側の圧力差により、流体力ベクトル１８は矢
印に示すように左側へ作用する。上段上昇速度ベ
クトル１４のように燃焼炉１の上方では上昇速度
が加速されるので、火炎の受ける流体力ベクトル
の絶対値はさらに大きくなる。第４図は、第１図
のＢ−Ｂ断面図で、この発明による火炎の旋回方
向を規定するための望ましい火炎の曲りを示した
ものである。燃焼炉１内のガスの上昇速度方向は
紙面に直角で上向きに流れている。上記第３図を
参照すれば明らかなように、１列目のバーナ１９
の火炎の旋回方向は、燃焼炉１側から見て右回り
であり、２列目のバーナ２０の火炎は左回り、３
列目のバーナ２１の火炎は右回り、４列目のバー
ナ２２の火炎は左回り、５列目のバーナ２３の火
炎は右回り、そして６列目のバーナ２４の火炎は
左回りに旋回させればよいわけである。第５図
は、上記旋回方向と流体力を受ける火炎の状況を
示したもので、第４図におけるＣ−Ｃ断面図であ
る。燃焼炉炉壁25に対しては、上段上昇速度ベク
トル１４に対して互いに速度ベクトルを打ち消す
ように、火炎およびまたは燃焼用空気の旋回方向
を決定する必要がある。第５図からも明らかなよ
うに、偶数列の場合には、火炎およびまたは燃焼
用空気の旋回方向を交互に逆向きにすることによ
り、燃焼炉両炉壁２５に対して燃焼炉側へ火炎が
曲がることになる。奇数の場合には、燃焼炉両炉
壁２５に対して燃焼炉側へ火炎が曲がるように設
定した後、燃焼炉左右のバランスをとるために段
毎に修正する必要がある。 Next, the effect will be explained. In such a configuration of the combustion furnace 1, for example, when the lower stage rising velocity vector 13 of gas occurs in the combustion furnace 1 near the lower stage burner 3, as the upward flow rises, combustion air and Fuel is supplied and the vehicle is accelerated. For example, the upper stage rising speed vector 14 of the gas near the upper stage burner 5 in the combustion furnace 1 is
As shown in FIG. 1, the lower stage rising speed vector 13
It is larger than . FIG. 3 is a principle diagram of the fluid force exerted on the swirling flame and/or combustion air, showing the direction of action of the fluid force vector 18 on the upper burner flame 16. Now, the upper stage rising speed vector 14 flows uniformly upward,
In addition, when the swirling direction 17 of the upper stage burner flame 17 is clockwise as shown, the flame swirling direction 17 and the upper stage rising speed vector 14 cancel each other out on the right side of the upper stage burner flame 16, and as a result, the upper stage burner flame 16 The pressure on the right side of increases. On the other hand, on the left side, the situation is completely opposite, the flame swirl direction 17 and the upper stage rising speed vector 14 are in the same direction, and the flow is dragged toward the higher flow velocity. As a result, the pressure does not drop or change on the left side of the upper burner flame 16. Therefore, in the upper burner flame 16, due to the pressure difference between the left and right sides, the fluid force vector 18 acts to the left as shown by the arrow. Since the rising speed is accelerated above the combustion furnace 1 as indicated by the upper stage rising speed vector 14, the absolute value of the fluid force vector applied to the flame becomes even larger. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1, showing the desired curve of the flame for defining the swirling direction of the flame according to the present invention. The rising speed direction of the gas in the combustion furnace 1 is perpendicular to the plane of the paper and flows upward. As is clear from FIG. 3 above, the burner 19 in the first row
The direction of rotation of the flame is clockwise when viewed from the combustion furnace 1 side, the flame of the burner 20 in the second row is counterclockwise,
The flame of the burner 21 in the fourth row rotates clockwise, the flame of the burner 22 in the fourth row rotates counterclockwise, the flame of the burner 23 in the fifth row rotates clockwise, and the flame of the burner 24 in the sixth row rotates counterclockwise. That's all there is to it. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 4, showing the swirling direction and the state of the flame subjected to the fluid force. Regarding the combustion furnace wall 25, it is necessary to determine the swirling direction of the flame and/or combustion air so that the velocity vectors cancel each other out with respect to the upper stage rising velocity vector 14. As is clear from FIG. 5, in the case of an even number of rows, by alternately reversing the swirling direction of the flame and/or combustion air, the flame is directed toward the combustion furnace side with respect to both furnace walls 25. will be bent. In the case of an odd number, it is necessary to set the flame so that it bends toward the combustion furnace side with respect to both combustion furnace walls 25, and then correct it for each stage in order to balance the left and right sides of the combustion furnace.
以上の説明においては、説明を簡単にするため
に、燃焼炉炉壁の一面にバーナを配置したいわゆ
る片面燃焼方式の場合につき述べたが、何らこれ
に限ることなく、バーナを対向して設ける対向燃
焼方式についても、上記と全く同様である。 In the above explanation, in order to simplify the explanation, the case of the so-called single-sided combustion method in which the burners are arranged on one side of the combustion furnace wall has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. The combustion method is also exactly the same as above.
また上記の構成においては、バーナ段数が３段
の場合につき述べたが、何らこれに制限なく、２
段またはそれ以上の複数段の場合についても、上
記と同様である。 In addition, in the above configuration, the case where the number of burner stages is three has been described, but there is no limitation to this, and there are two burner stages.
The same applies to the case of a stage or more stages.
以上説明してきたように、この発明によれば、
燃焼炉炉壁２５への火炎の当たりを防止すること
により、燃焼炉炉壁２５による火炎の冷却が防止
できるため、不完全燃焼生成物の反応を促進させ
ることができ、その結果として排ガス中の未燃焼
分を著しく減少させることができるという効果が
得られる。 As explained above, according to this invention,
By preventing the flame from hitting the combustion furnace wall 25, it is possible to prevent the flame from being cooled by the combustion furnace wall 25, so that the reaction of incomplete combustion products can be promoted, and as a result, the The effect is that the amount of unburned matter can be significantly reduced.
この発明の他の効果としては、燃焼炉１の燃焼
炉炉壁２５の近傍に火炎が存在しなくなるので、
NOx低減を図る必要条件すなわち燃料燃焼領域
において燃料過剰の度合いを大きくすることがで
きるため、排ガス中のNOxを低減させることが
できる。 Another effect of the present invention is that since no flame exists near the combustion furnace wall 25 of the combustion furnace 1,
Since it is possible to increase the degree of excess fuel in the fuel combustion region, which is a necessary condition for reducing NO x , it is possible to reduce NO x in the exhaust gas.
さらに、この発明の別の効果としては、上記の
ように不完全燃焼生成物が減少するので、一層、
低O2燃焼が可能となり、燃焼炉の熱効率を改善
することができる。 Furthermore, another effect of the present invention is that incomplete combustion products are reduced as described above, so that
Low O 2 combustion becomes possible and the thermal efficiency of the combustion furnace can be improved.
第１図は、この発明の一実施例の複数のバーナ
を有する燃焼炉の断面図、第２図は、第１図のＡ
−Ａ断面図、第３図は、旋回のある火炎およびま
たは燃焼用空気が受ける流体力の原理図、第４図
は、第１図のＢ−Ｂ断面図、第５図は、第４図の
Ｃ−Ｃ断面図を示す。
符号の説明、１……燃焼炉、２……ホツパ口、
３〜５……バーナ、６〜８……風箱、９，１０…
…アフタエア口、１１，１２……アフタエア風
箱、１９〜２４……バーナ、２５……燃焼炉炉
壁。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a combustion furnace having a plurality of burners according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
-A sectional view, Fig. 3 is a principle diagram of the fluid force exerted on swirling flame and/or combustion air, Fig. 4 is a BB sectional view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 5 is a diagram of Fig. 4. A sectional view taken along line C-C is shown. Explanation of symbols, 1... Combustion furnace, 2... Hotsupaguchi,
3-5...burner, 6-8...wind box, 9,10...
...After air port, 11, 12... After air wind box, 19-24... Burner, 25... Combustion furnace furnace wall.
Claims (1)
ーナと、該バーナの上部に設けられた複数のアフ
タエア口と、火炉側壁部に、冷却媒体が流通する
伝熱管により構成される炉壁を有する燃焼炉にお
いて、上記炉壁と、該炉壁に最も近い位置に設け
られたバーナとの間の燃焼ガスの上昇速度ベクト
ルを打ち消す下向きの方向に、上記バーナ火炎お
よび上記アフタエア口より供給される燃焼用空
気、もしくはそのいずれか一方を旋回させて燃焼
することを特徴とする多段燃焼方法。 ２ 上記炉壁に最も近いバーナおよびアフタエア
口を除き、互いに隣接するバーナの火炎およびア
フタエア口よりの燃焼用空気、もしくはそのいず
れか一方を、互いに逆回りに旋回させて燃焼する
ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の多
段燃焼方法。[Claims] 1. Consisting of a plurality of burners each having an independent wind box, a plurality of after-air ports provided at the top of the burners, and a heat transfer tube through which a cooling medium flows through the side wall of the furnace. In a combustion furnace having a furnace wall, the burner flame and the afterair are moved in a downward direction that cancels out a rising velocity vector of combustion gas between the furnace wall and a burner provided at a position closest to the furnace wall. A multistage combustion method characterized by swirling and burning combustion air supplied from the mouth, or either one of them. 2. Burning is performed by rotating the flames of adjacent burners and/or the combustion air from the after-air ports in opposite directions, except for the burner and after-air port closest to the furnace wall. A multistage combustion method according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14692082A JPS5938511A (en) | 1982-08-26 | 1982-08-26 | Multistage combustion |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14692082A JPS5938511A (en) | 1982-08-26 | 1982-08-26 | Multistage combustion |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5938511A JPS5938511A (en) | 1984-03-02 |
| JPH0263123B2 true JPH0263123B2 (en) | 1990-12-27 |
Family
ID=15418552
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14692082A Granted JPS5938511A (en) | 1982-08-26 | 1982-08-26 | Multistage combustion |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5938511A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100945012B1 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2010-03-05 | 주식회사 한국발보린 | Functional Wheat Flour Containing Natural Tocopherol, Manufacturing Method and Usage Method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5364534B2 (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2013-12-11 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Marine boiler structure |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6012522B2 (en) * | 1975-12-25 | 1985-04-02 | ハブコツク日立株式会社 | combustion device |
-
1982
- 1982-08-26 JP JP14692082A patent/JPS5938511A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100945012B1 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2010-03-05 | 주식회사 한국발보린 | Functional Wheat Flour Containing Natural Tocopherol, Manufacturing Method and Usage Method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5938511A (en) | 1984-03-02 |
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