JPH0270845A - Construction apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make introduction of automated control easy by forming beam frame structured above a building to be constructed, a roof and a work execution space, and by providing a number of expansive columns that serve to form a space for installation of permanent columns. CONSTITUTION:A number of expansive columns 1, provided to a beam frame 3 to serve as temporary columns, are uniformly expanded downward so that a work execution space is formed between a building 10 and the beam frame 3 that is elevated by the downward expansion of the columns 1. After this, one of the expansive columns 1 is contracted, and a space for erection of a permanent column is secured thereby between the beam frame 3 and the building 10. Then the permanent column is erected in this space. By repeating the same work for each of the expansive columns 1, the work execution space with the permanent columns installed can be secured at the underside of the beam frame 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a construction device that can construct various buildings ranging from low-rise buildings to high-rise buildings without being affected by the weather.

(Prior art) In general, construction of various types of buildings such as medium-to-high-rise buildings is carried out by building columns up to the top floor, and then sequentially pulling up and installing slabs assembled on the ground using a winch, or by lifting the frame members using a crane, etc. This is done by building each floor one floor at a time from the lower floors to the upper floors, and stacking them up.

FIG. 4 is for explaining the latter method, and this figure shows that the first and second floors have already been constructed and the third floor is being constructed.

In other words, worker H gets on the third floor and crane C
The frame members S are then lifted up and attached to predetermined positions on the third floor using welding, bolts, or other means.

In addition, recently, we have been intensively producing one-story buildings using robots and other machines at a plant installed on the first floor above ground, and after completing the first-story building construction, we will push the building upwards by the same amount as the floor height. A method has been proposed in which the entire building is constructed by repeating this process (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-244941).

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, the above-mentioned method of pulling up and attaching the slab with a winch after building the beams up to the top floor, and the method of constructing each floor from the lower floor to the upper floor, both require a large number of methods. Requires manpower,
The work was affected by the weather and had significant restrictions on work hours, often resulting in an extension of the construction period, and required great consideration for the safety of the workers.

In addition, although the previously proposed method eliminates this problem to a large extent, it also
That is, there is a problem in that there is a limit to the height of the building due to the strength of the pusher/knob member.

The present invention aims to solve the above problems and to propose a construction device that is not affected by the weather.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a beam assembly that is assembled above a building to be constructed and a construction work space is formed between it and a structure below, and a beam assembly that is installed in the beam assembly and that allows construction work A construction work space is formed between the roof that covers the space and the structure, which is installed on the beam assembly and extends downward to form a temporary column, and is then contracted to install a permanent column between it and the building. It is comprised of a set of telescoping columns that form a space.

(Function) To describe the function of the present invention, first, by simultaneously extending a set of telescopic columns provided in the beam assembly downward, the beam assembly rises and the construction work is carried out between the beam assembly and the building. While the space is formed, the telescoping columns function as temporary columns for the construction work space. Then, one of these telescopic columns is contracted,
A space for mounting the main pillar is formed between the beam assembly and the building. Then, install the main pillar in this open space. By repeating this operation for all the telescopic columns, a construction work space in which the main columns are installed will be formed below the beam assembly. Here, construction work will be carried out on the floor in question, and once the work is completed, the telescopic columns will be further extended all at once, and the construction work will proceed further upwards. In particular, since it is possible to proceed upwards while securing the construction work space by expanding and contracting the telescopic columns, it is easy to introduce control automation, and it is easy to use in combination with other automatic construction equipment. Suitable for automating construction work.

Furthermore, the construction work space can be shielded from the outside by the roof provided on the beam assembly, allowing construction work to be carried out without being affected by the weather or disturbing the surrounding environment.

Further, the beam assembly and roof, which are the constituent elements of the construction equipment, can function as a pent roof portion of a building as they are.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of an example of the device of the present invention using a model thereof.

The present invention basically consists of a beam set 3 that is assembled above a building 10 to be constructed and a construction work space 14 is formed between it and the structure 10 below, and a beam set 3 that is installed in the beam set 3 and that is space 1
4, and a roof 16 that is provided on the beam set 3 and extends downward from it to form a temporary column and forms a construction work space 14 between it and the building 10, and is individually contracted to connect with the building 10. It is comprised of a pair of telescopic columns 1 forming a mounting space 15 for the main column 6 therebetween.

In the figure, a plurality of telescoping columns (four in this case), hydraulic cylinders 1 in this embodiment, have rods 2 with a stroke slightly longer than the height of one floor of a building 10.

Instead of this hydraulic cylinder 1, a comb 20 is attached to the side surface of the rod 2 over its entire length as shown in FIG. 2(A).
A rack gear 21 that meshes with this comb 20 is attached to an appropriate location on a sheath 13 fixed to a beam set 3 (described later), and by rotating the rack gear 21, the rod 2 is extended (extracted) or shortened (stored) using the sheath 13 as a guide. ). In addition, as shown in Figure 2 (B),
A spiral thread groove 22 is provided on the entire circumference of the side surface of the rod 2, a thread groove 23 corresponding to this thread groove 22 is provided on the inner surface of the sheath 13, and the rod 2 is rotated along these thread grooves 22° 23. By this, the extension (extraction) of rod 2
, it may be configured like a screw jack that can be shortened (extended).

The four hydraulic cylinders 1 having such a configuration are attached to a beam assembly 3 that supports the roof (not shown) of a building 10 to be constructed.

In this case, the mobile crane 5 is arranged between the opposing beams 3a and 3b of the beam set 3.

The apparatus of the present invention configured as described above is firstly shown in FIG.
In A), all four rods 2 are connected to four cylinders 1
Then, all the necessary parts are expanded at once. This results in
A construction work space 14 is formed between the beam assembly 3 and the building 10, and the rod 2 functions as a temporary pillar. Next, one rod 2 is housed in the cylinder 1 in its entirety. Then, the beam If13 is the remaining three temporary columns 2
It will be supported by At the actual machine level, a much larger number of cylinders 1 than four are used and supported by a large number of rods 2, so there is no problem even if the support of a small number of rods 2 is lost.

In FIG. 1 CB), the permanent column 6 is installed in the installation space 15 for the permanent column directly below the cylinder 1 in which the rod 2 is housed. The installation work at this time is carried out by the work robot (here, welding robot described later) 4 shown in Fig. 1(A).
is replaced with the permanent gripping robot 9, and this permanent gripping robot 9 performs the operation.

As shown in FIG. 1(C), this permanent column 6 is held down hydraulically by the rod 2 of the cylinder 1, and is attached to the building by welding or the like.
It is firmly fixed on top of 0.

After this, another rod 2 is housed in the cylinder 1 over its entire length, and the main column 6 is installed and fixed in its place by the same operation as above.

This operation is performed by moving the existing gripping robot 9 to the crane 5.
Once the main pillars 6 are installed and fixed directly under all four cylinders 1, the above-mentioned The permanent gripping robot 9 is replaced with a permanent beam attachment robot 12, and the permanent beam attachment robot 12 performs the work of attaching the permanent beam 7.

That is, the joint parts 8 are provided in advance on the main pillars 6, and the main beam 7 is inserted between the opposing joint parts 8 of the two main pillars 6, and bolts, nuts, welding, etc. The joint portion 8 and the main beam 7 are joined by appropriate means.

This installation work for the permanent beams 7 is also carried out for all four permanent beams 7 while moving the permanent beam installation robot 12 on the above-mentioned mobile crane 5.

FIG. 1(E) shows the situation at the time when the installation work of this main beam 7 is completed. In this example, the permanent beam 7 and the joint part 8 are joined using a combination of bolts and nuts and welding. All four permanent beams 7 are mechanically connected by bolt donuts, and then replaced with a welding robot 4, and metallurgically connected by welding to all four permanent beams 7.

The welding robot 4 also performs welding between the main beam 7 and the floor slab.

After this, the installation of the outer wall 11 (see Figure 1 (F)) of the floor, partition work (not shown), assembly and installation of various booths (kettle room, bathroom, washroom, etc.), ceiling and Perform floor construction work and all other necessary work for the relevant floor.

Note that the fixing work between the main beam and the floor slab may be performed after the installation of all the main pillars has been completed, or may be performed every time an appropriate number of pillars have been installed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1(F), the temporary columns 2 are extended from all four cylinders 1 at the same time, and construction begins on the next floor. This construction is performed by repeating the operations shown in FIGS. 1(A) to 1(E) described above.

In this way, construction is carried out one floor at a time from the lower floors to the upper floors.

Perform the above operations for the required number of floors, and on the top floor, the roof section (not shown) and the roof beam assembly 3. The construction of the building is completed by dismantling and removing the other working equipment, leaving the telescopic column 1 behind, and performing various necessary works on the top floor.

Note that in the case of the sheath 13 and rod 2 configured as shown in FIG. The diameter, strength, etc. of the rod 2 may be designed in advance.

FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing an example of the device of the present invention at an actual machine level, and the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicate the same functional parts as in FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 3 shows a case in which a building 10 with a donut-shaped cross section is constructed unmanned, in which the inner space is used as an elevator shaft 30, main pillars 61, main beams 7.
The elevator 31 is raised and lowered to transport various other building materials.

The device of the present invention includes a roof 16 and a beam set 3, which will become part of the building 10 after construction is completed, and a control room 32 is installed in the space under the roof.

Further, a temporary enclosure is connected to and provided around the roof 16 for soundproofing and electromagnetic wave shielding.

In particular, in the construction of cylindrical or hemispherical buildings, control of work robots, etc. is based on easy-to-control cylindrical or polar coordinate systems, making it easy to control with high precision. construction costs can be reduced.

When a worker operates the computer 33 in the control room 32, the apparatus of the present invention automatically operates as shown in FIGS.
F).

That is, the permanent pillar 6, which is transported from the ground together with the trolley 34 by the elevator 31, is fixed to the rod 2 by the permanent gripping robot 9 (see FIG. 1(B)) that moves on the mobile crane 5.
is installed at a location housed in the cylinder 1, and is welded and fixed to the upper end of the main column on the lower floor near the floor slab 35 surface by the welding robot 4.

Further, the permanent beam 7 is also transported from the ground with the cart 36 by the elevator 31, and is loaded into the joint part 8 of the main column 6 and fixed by the permanent beam installation robot 12 moving on the mobile crane 5. .

The floor of the elevator 31 is configured to rotate 3600 times, and the above-mentioned carts 34 and 36 are connected to the elevator 31.
By being rotated by a desired angle within the main pillar 62, the main pillar 62 can freely travel in the direction of the desired mounting position of the main beam 7.

Once the fixing work of the main pillar 6 and main beam 7 is completed as described above, the installation work using the one-touch fastener 37 of the outer wall panel 11 of the relevant floor, the construction of the floor and ceiling parts, and other necessary work on the relevant floor are completed. The work is performed by a work robot that moves on the mobile crane 5.

Then, the rods 2 are extended from all the cylinders 1 at the same time again, and the same operation as described above is repeated to construct and construct the next floor.

After the construction and construction of the required floors are completed in this way, the roof 16, the beam assembly 3, and the telescopic columns 1 are left in place among the structural members of the device of the present invention, and other structural members and the control room 32 are removed.
dismantle and remove. Depending on the situation, computer 33
It is also possible to simply remove the control room 32 and use the control room 32 as it is on the top floor of the building 10.

The above-mentioned device of the present invention at the actual level has a roof 16 and a temporary enclosure connected to it. Soundproofing is provided to prevent electrical commands from the computer 33 to the work robots and other equipment from being affected by surrounding radio waves and electromagnetic waves, and to prevent wind and rain from entering the control room 32 and the construction floor.

It may also be provided with radio wave and electromagnetic wave shielding functions and wind and rain shielding functions.

If roofs and temporary enclosures are equipped with soundproofing functions and radio and electromagnetic wave shielding functions, it is possible to maintain a good construction environment and prevent computers and robots from running out of control.

In addition, in the device of the present invention, the cylinder 1 and the rod 2 are
It is also possible to have a length corresponding to the height of two floors or more of the building 10, so that the main pillar 6 can be constructed with a length of two floors or more.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the apparatus of the present invention described in detail above, the following effects can be achieved.

(1) Since the work progresses upward while securing the construction work space by expanding and contracting the telescopic columns, it is easy to introduce control automation, and construction work can be performed in combination with other automatic construction equipment. It is suitable for automation, and can be used as part of a building to construct beams, roofs, and telescopic columns.
Equipment efficiency is high.

(2) The roof allows construction to be carried out without being affected by weather conditions such as rain and wind.

(3) If the work is unmanned, this and the influence of the weather due to the roof will be eliminated, making it possible to operate 24 hours a day and dramatically shortening the construction period.

(4) Since the telescopic columns of the device of the present invention support the roof and beams of the construction device, the previously proposed plant installed on the first floor above the ground can support the large weight of the building in the process of construction. In contrast, there is no height limit for buildings, and the equipment cost is the same as paper storage.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1(A) to 1(F) are diagrams for explaining the principle of an example of the apparatus of the present invention using a model, and FIG. 2(A). (B) is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the cylinder and column of the device of the present invention,
FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing an example of the device of the present invention at an actual machine level, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a conventional construction method. 1...Extensible column (hydraulic cylinder) 10...Building 14...Construction work space 15...Pipe installation space for main pillar 16...Roof

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A beam assembly built above the structure to be constructed and forming a construction work space between it and the building below, a roof provided on the beam assembly and covering the construction work space, and the above-mentioned roof. It is installed in the beam assembly and extends downward to form a temporary column to form a construction work space between it and the above building, and is also contracted to form a mounting space for a permanent column between it and the above structure. A construction device comprising a set of telescoping columns.