JPH027717B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH027717B2 JPH027717B2 JP11880686A JP11880686A JPH027717B2 JP H027717 B2 JPH027717 B2 JP H027717B2 JP 11880686 A JP11880686 A JP 11880686A JP 11880686 A JP11880686 A JP 11880686A JP H027717 B2 JPH027717 B2 JP H027717B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- packed bed
- upper layer
- water
- suspended solids
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、下水等の低濃度排水を浄化する水の
生物学的浄化方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a biological purification method of water for purifying low concentration wastewater such as sewage.
一般に、水の生物的浄化方法としては、例え
ば、特公昭57−1312号公報に開示されるように、
好気性生物を用いた好気性生物処理法が行なわれ
ている。
In general, as a biological purification method of water, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1312-1982,
Aerobic biological treatment methods using aerobic organisms are being carried out.
しかしながら、このような好気性生物処理法で
は、その運転動力が非常に大きなものになるとい
う問題がある。 However, such an aerobic biological treatment method has a problem in that the operating power is extremely large.
一方、嫌気性生物処理法は、好気性生物処理法
に比較して運転動力が小さく、またエネルギーと
してメタンが回収できるという利点がある。特
に、嫌気性付着生物膜法は、反応槽内の微生物濃
度を高く維持できることから、低濃度排水の短時
間処理が可能である。 On the other hand, anaerobic biological treatment has the advantage that it requires less operating power than aerobic biological treatment and can recover methane as energy. In particular, the anaerobic biofilm method can maintain a high concentration of microorganisms in the reaction tank, making it possible to treat low-concentration wastewater in a short time.
しかし、下水をはじめとする浮遊物質を含む排
水の嫌気性生物処理は、浮遊物質の液化分解反応
に長時間を要するため滞留時間を長く設定する必
要がある。また、付着生物膜法では反応槽内に付
着担体を充填するため、浮遊物質の流入が充填床
上部層の閉塞を引き起こすという問題がある。
However, in the anaerobic biological treatment of wastewater containing suspended solids such as sewage, it is necessary to set a long residence time because the liquefaction and decomposition reaction of the suspended solids takes a long time. Furthermore, in the attached biofilm method, since the reaction tank is filled with attached carriers, there is a problem that the inflow of suspended substances causes clogging of the upper layer of the packed bed.
そこで、充填床の下方からガスを吹き込み浮遊
物質を除去することが考えられるが、この場合に
は、充填床の下部担体に付着する増殖速度の小さ
い嫌気性菌が浮遊物質と共に外部に流出してしま
うという問題がある。 Therefore, it is possible to remove the suspended solids by blowing gas from below the packed bed, but in this case, the anaerobic bacteria that have a slow growth rate and adhere to the lower carrier of the packed bed will flow out together with the suspended solids. There is a problem with putting it away.
本発明は、かかる従来の事情に対処してなされ
たもので、嫌気性菌を流出することなく、浮遊物
質による充填床上部層の閉塞を確実に解消するこ
とのできる水の生物的浄化方法を提供しようとす
るものである。
The present invention has been made in response to such conventional circumstances, and provides a biological purification method for water that can reliably eliminate clogging of the upper layer of a packed bed by suspended solids without causing anaerobic bacteria to flow out. This is what we are trying to provide.
本発明方法は、浮遊物質を比較的多く含む低濃
度排水を、嫌気性微生物が付着した担体を充填し
た充填床を有する反応槽の上部から下向流として
流入し、前記浮遊物質成分は前記充填床の吸着・
濾過効果で除去し、溶解性成分は前記担体に付着
した嫌気性菌の働きによつてガス化し処理を行な
うと共に、前記浮遊物質による充填床上部層の閉
塞を、この充填床上部層の下方近傍からの代謝ガ
スまたは不活性ガスの吹き込みにより除去するも
のである。
In the method of the present invention, low-concentration wastewater containing a relatively large amount of suspended solids flows downward from the upper part of a reaction tank having a packed bed filled with carriers to which anaerobic microorganisms are attached, and the suspended solids components are absorbed by the packed bed. Floor adsorption/
The soluble components are removed by the filtration effect, and the soluble components are gasified and treated by the action of the anaerobic bacteria attached to the carrier, and the upper layer of the packed bed is blocked by the suspended solids, and the soluble components are removed from the upper layer of the packed bed near the bottom of the upper layer of the packed bed. It is removed by blowing metabolic gas or inert gas from.
本発明方法では、浮遊物質が主に付着する充填
床上部層の下方近傍から代謝ガスまたは不活性ガ
スを吹き込むようにしたので、浮遊物質のみを効
果的に除去することができ、また、充填床上部層
の下方の担体に付着する嫌気性菌が外部に流出す
ることもない。
In the method of the present invention, the metabolic gas or inert gas is blown from below the upper layer of the packed bed where suspended solids mainly adhere, so that only the suspended solids can be effectively removed. Anaerobic bacteria attached to the carrier below the sublayer will not leak out to the outside.
以下、本発明方法の詳細を図面を用いて説明す
る。
Hereinafter, details of the method of the present invention will be explained using the drawings.
図は、本発明方法に用いられる水の生物的浄化
装置を示すもので、この装置は、最初沈澱池１、
減圧沈澱池２、反応槽３、ガス貯留タンク４、処
理水槽５とから主体部分が構成されている。 The figure shows a biological water purification device used in the method of the present invention.
The main part is composed of a reduced pressure sedimentation tank 2, a reaction tank 3, a gas storage tank 4, and a treated water tank 5.
図において、流入下水は、図示しないスクリー
ン・沈砂池を通過し大きなゴミや砂が取り除かれ
た後、最初沈澱池１で固液分離される。反応槽３
は密閉により嫌気的に保たれ、充填床６は充填時
の空隙率が0.4〜0.7を示す比重1.3〜2.6の、例え
ば、アンスラサイトのような不活性担体で形成さ
れる。例えば、100〜200mg−SS／の浮遊物を
含み、100〜300mg−BOD／に初沈上澄液が、
充填床６を収容する反応槽３の上部から流入され
る。流入した下水は充填床６を下向流で通過す
る。充填床６の担体には嫌気性微生物が付着する
が、嫌気性生物反応は酸生成反応とメタン生成反
応の逐次反応であることから、充填床６上部の担
体には酸生成菌、下部の担体にはメタン菌が付着
する。 In the figure, the inflowing sewage passes through a screen and settling tank (not shown) to remove large garbage and sand, and then is first separated into solid and liquid in a settling tank 1. Reaction tank 3
is maintained anaerobically by sealing, and the packed bed 6 is formed of an inert carrier, such as anthracite, having a porosity of 0.4 to 0.7 and a specific gravity of 1.3 to 2.6 when packed. For example, the initial precipitated supernatant contains 100 to 200 mg of SS/, and 100 to 300 mg of BOD/
It flows from the upper part of the reaction tank 3 containing the packed bed 6. The inflowing sewage passes through the packed bed 6 in a downward flow. Anaerobic microorganisms adhere to the carrier in the packed bed 6, but since the anaerobic biological reaction is a sequential reaction of acid production and methane production, the carrier in the upper part of the packed bed 6 has acid-producing bacteria, and the carrier in the lower part methane bacteria adheres to it.
充填床６上部では浮遊物の濾過が行なわれる
が、充填担体による濾過効果の他に粘着性のある
酸性成菌の吸着効果によつても浮遊物が捕捉され
る。浮遊物が除去されて残存した溶解性有機成分
は、充填床６を通過する過程で生物膜を形成する
嫌気性菌群の働きによりメタンと二酸化炭素とに
分解される。 The suspended matter is filtered in the upper part of the packed bed 6, and the suspended matter is captured not only by the filtration effect of the packed carrier but also by the adsorption effect of sticky acidic bacteria. The soluble organic components remaining after the suspended matter is removed are decomposed into methane and carbon dioxide by the action of anaerobic bacteria that form a biofilm during the process of passing through the packed bed 6.
発生したガスは反応槽３上部のガス溜り７まで
上昇するが、ガス泡は上昇過程で浮遊物の捕捉に
よる充填床上部層８の閉塞を物理的に緩和する役
目を果たす。ガスは脱硫後にガス貯留タンク４に
貯留される。 The generated gas rises to the gas reservoir 7 at the top of the reaction tank 3, and the gas bubbles play a role in physically relieving the blockage of the packed bed upper layer 8 due to the capture of suspended matter during the rising process. The gas is stored in the gas storage tank 4 after desulfurization.
充填床上部層８の浮遊物による閉塞は反応槽３
水位の上昇によつて検知され逆洗操作が開始され
る。逆洗は、まず、充填床上部層８の下方近傍高
さ個所から逆洗ブロワ９ａにより、代謝ガスかま
たは窒素等の不活性ガスの吹き込みによつて充填
床上部層８を膨張させた後、充填床上部層８の下
方近傍高さ個所から逆洗ポンプ１０により、処理
水を流入させ、充填床上部層８に捕捉された浮遊
物フロツクを充填床上部層８上部に追い出し、電
磁弁によつて開閉するサイフオン９を通し、逆洗
水と共に排出することにより行なわれる。逆洗水
の流入は上向流速によつて充填床上部層８が流動
を開始する速度で行なわれる。また、１回の逆洗
操作で２〜３回サイフオン９を通過させる。 Blockage due to floating matter in the upper layer 8 of the packed bed occurs in the reaction tank 3.
A rise in the water level is detected and a backwash operation is initiated. In backwashing, first, the packed bed upper layer 8 is expanded by blowing metabolic gas or an inert gas such as nitrogen with the backwash blower 9a from a height near the lower side of the packed bed upper layer 8. A backwash pump 10 causes treated water to flow in from a height near the bottom of the upper layer 8 of the packed bed, and the suspended matter flocs captured in the upper layer 8 of the packed bed are expelled to the upper part of the upper layer 8 of the packed bed. This is done by discharging the water together with backwash water through a siphon 9 that opens and closes. The backwash water is introduced at a speed at which the upper layer 8 of the packed bed starts flowing due to the upward flow rate. Moreover, the siphon 9 is passed through the siphon 9 two to three times in one backwashing operation.
逆洗の際、ガスを吹き込む個所を、充填床上部
層８の下方近傍としたのは、充填床６の下方担体
に付着する増殖速度の小さいメタン菌の流出を防
ぐためである。なお、処理水（逆洗水）の流入口
は、底部と充填床上部層８下方近傍に設けられて
いるが、メタン菌を流出させる底部からの逆洗頻
度は上部の1/2〜1/4とされる。反応槽３から排出
された逆洗水は、ガスの発生による汚泥フロツク
の浮上を防止するために減圧沈澱槽２で減圧され
た後、最初沈澱池１に戻される。減圧沈澱槽２に
沈澱した汚泥は引き抜かれ、初沈汚泥と共に処理
処分される。 The reason why the gas is blown into the vicinity of the lower part of the upper layer 8 of the packed bed during backwashing is to prevent the methane bacteria that adhere to the lower carrier of the packed bed 6 and have a low growth rate from flowing out. The inlets for treated water (backwash water) are provided at the bottom and near the bottom of the upper layer 8 of the packed bed, but the frequency of backwashing from the bottom, where methane bacteria flows out, is 1/2 to 1/2 that of the top. 4. The backwash water discharged from the reaction tank 3 is first returned to the settling tank 1 after being reduced in pressure in the vacuum settling tank 2 to prevent sludge floes from floating due to gas generation. The sludge settled in the reduced pressure settling tank 2 is pulled out and treated and disposed of together with the first settled sludge.
すなわち、本発明方法では、下水中の浮遊物質
は生物的な液化分解を行なわずに、充填床上部層
８の濾過作用によつて溶解性成分と分離された
後、充填床上部層８の逆洗によつて反応槽３から
排出され汚泥として処理処分される。一方、溶解
性成分は生物膜を形成する嫌気性微生物の働きに
よつてメタンと二酸化炭素まで分解され処理され
る。 That is, in the method of the present invention, suspended solids in sewage are separated from soluble components by the filtration action of the upper layer 8 of the packed bed without performing biological liquefaction decomposition. The sludge is discharged from the reaction tank 3 by washing and disposed of as sludge. On the other hand, soluble components are decomposed into methane and carbon dioxide by the action of anaerobic microorganisms that form biofilms.
しかして、本発明方法では、浮遊物質が主に付
着する充填床上部層８の下方近傍から代謝ガスま
たは不活性ガスを吹き込むようにしたので、浮遊
物質のみを効果的に除去することができ、また、
充填床上部層８の下方の担体に付着する嫌気性菌
が外部に流出することもない。 Therefore, in the method of the present invention, the metabolic gas or inert gas is blown into the vicinity of the lower part of the packed bed upper layer 8 where suspended solids mainly adhere, so that only the suspended solids can be effectively removed. Also,
Anaerobic bacteria attached to the carrier below the upper layer 8 of the packed bed will not leak out.
また、反応槽３のフローパターンがほぼ栓流で
あるため、完全混合型反応槽に比較して良好な水
質の処理水が得られる。さらに、下向流型式であ
るため、上向流反応槽に見られるようなガスの上
昇によつて短絡流が発生し処理水質が悪化するよ
うな現象は起こらない。この結果、下水のような
低濃度排水の処理では４〜８時間の滞留時間で放
流基準である10mg−BOD／以下の水質が達成
できる。また、一般に、嫌気性生物処理法の流出
水は好気性生物処理法に比べて白濁化する傾向に
あるが、本発明方法では濾過効果による優れた浮
遊物除去能力を示し、白濁化の原因となる酸生成
菌の処理水への流出が防止されるため、後段の好
気性処理と最終沈澱池の省略が可能となる。さら
に、本発明方法で下水を処理するプロセスは、こ
れまでの標準活性汚泥法に比較して酸素を溶解す
るエアレーシヨンの動力が削減でき、最終沈澱池
が省略できることから設置面積が小さくて済む利
点がある。 Furthermore, since the flow pattern of the reaction tank 3 is almost a plug flow, treated water of better quality can be obtained compared to a complete mixing type reaction tank. Furthermore, since it is of a downward flow type, short-circuit flow occurs due to rising gas and the quality of treated water deteriorates, which occurs in an upward flow reaction tank. As a result, when treating low-concentration wastewater such as sewage, a water quality of 10 mg-BOD/or less, which is the discharge standard, can be achieved with a residence time of 4 to 8 hours. In addition, in general, runoff water from anaerobic biological treatment tends to become cloudy compared to aerobic biological treatment, but the method of the present invention exhibits excellent ability to remove suspended solids due to its filtration effect, which eliminates the cause of cloudy water. This prevents acid-producing bacteria from leaking into the treated water, making it possible to omit the subsequent aerobic treatment and final sedimentation tank. Furthermore, the process of treating sewage using the method of the present invention has the advantage that compared to the conventional standard activated sludge method, the power required for aeration to dissolve oxygen can be reduced, and the final settling tank can be omitted, resulting in a smaller installation area. be.
以上述べたように本発明によれば、浮遊物質が
主に付着する充填床上部層の下方近傍から代謝ガ
スまたは不活性ガスを吹き込むようにしたので、
浮遊物質のみを効果的に除去することができ、ま
た、充填床上部層の下方の担体に付着する嫌気性
菌が外部に流出することもないという利点があ
る。
As described above, according to the present invention, since the metabolic gas or inert gas is blown from the lower part of the upper layer of the packed bed where suspended solids mainly adhere,
This method has the advantage that only suspended solids can be effectively removed, and that anaerobic bacteria attached to the carrier below the upper layer of the packed bed do not leak out.
図は本発明方法に用いられる水の生物的浄化装
置を示す系統図である。
３……反応槽、６……充填床、８……充填床上
部槽。
The figure is a system diagram showing a biological water purification device used in the method of the present invention. 3... Reaction tank, 6... Packed bed, 8... Packed bed upper tank.
Claims (1)
気性微生物が付着した担体を充填した充填床を有
する反応槽の上部から下向流として流入し、前記
浮遊物質成分は前記充填床の吸着・濾過効果で除
去し、溶解性成分は前記担体に付着した嫌気性菌
の働きによつてガス化し処理を行なうと共に、前
記浮遊物質による充填床上部層の閉塞を、この充
填床上部層の下方近傍からの代謝ガスまたは不活
性ガスの吹き込みにより除去することを特徴とす
る水の生物的浄化方法。 ２ 低濃度排水は、下水である特許請求の範囲第
１項記載の水の生物的浄化方法。[Claims] 1. Low-concentration wastewater containing a relatively large amount of suspended solids flows downward from the top of a reaction tank having a packed bed filled with carriers to which anaerobic microorganisms are attached, and the suspended solids are The soluble components are removed by the adsorption and filtration effects of the packed bed, and the soluble components are gasified and treated by the action of anaerobic bacteria attached to the carrier. A biological purification method for water, characterized in that water is removed by blowing in a metabolic gas or an inert gas from below and near the upper layer of the bed. 2. The biological purification method for water according to claim 1, wherein the low concentration wastewater is sewage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61118806A JPS62277195A (en) | 1986-05-23 | 1986-05-23 | Biological cleaning method for water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61118806A JPS62277195A (en) | 1986-05-23 | 1986-05-23 | Biological cleaning method for water |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62277195A JPS62277195A (en) | 1987-12-02 |
| JPH027717B2 true JPH027717B2 (en) | 1990-02-20 |
Family
ID=14745583
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61118806A Granted JPS62277195A (en) | 1986-05-23 | 1986-05-23 | Biological cleaning method for water |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62277195A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH073230U (en) * | 1993-06-10 | 1995-01-17 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Electrical junction box |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10206772A1 (en) * | 2002-02-19 | 2003-09-04 | Hoefer Bioreact Gmbh | Novel trickle bed bioreactor with fluidized bed regeneration |
| DE102005028433A1 (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-28 | Enviro-Chemie Gmbh | Fixed bed reactor for the anaerobic treatment of waste water |
-
1986
- 1986-05-23 JP JP61118806A patent/JPS62277195A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH073230U (en) * | 1993-06-10 | 1995-01-17 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Electrical junction box |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62277195A (en) | 1987-12-02 |
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