JPH0280587A - Method for protecting ion exchange membrane - Google Patents
Method for protecting ion exchange membraneInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0280587A JPH0280587A JP22986888A JP22986888A JPH0280587A JP H0280587 A JPH0280587 A JP H0280587A JP 22986888 A JP22986888 A JP 22986888A JP 22986888 A JP22986888 A JP 22986888A JP H0280587 A JPH0280587 A JP H0280587A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ion exchange
- exchange membrane
- gas
- electrolytic cell
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、組立の終了したイオン交換膜を装着した電解
槽や休止時に電解液を抜き取ったイオン交換膜電解槽に
おけるイオン交換膜の保護方法に関する。Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention provides a method for protecting an ion exchange membrane in an electrolytic cell equipped with an assembled ion exchange membrane or in an ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell from which the electrolyte has been removed during suspension. Regarding.
（従来技術）
食塩の電気分解に広く利用されているイオン交換膜性電
解槽は、電解槽の設置場所の近傍で組み立てることが行
われている。これは、電解槽の性能、特にイオン交換膜
が移動中にその機能を低下したり、機械的に損傷を受け
たりするおそれがあるためであった。(Prior Art) Ion-exchange membrane electrolytic cells widely used for the electrolysis of common salt are assembled near the installation location of the electrolytic cell. This was because there was a risk that the performance of the electrolytic cell, especially the ion exchange membrane, would deteriorate or be mechanically damaged during the movement.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
イオン交換膜を電解槽に装着する際には、電解槽の運転
時にイオン交換膜の膨張または収縮によって生じるしわ
や損傷をを防止するために、通常は装着する前にイオン
交換膜が伸縮しない状態となるように調整液にて処理の
後に電解槽に組み込んでいる。(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) When installing an ion-exchange membrane in an electrolytic cell, it is usually necessary to install the ion-exchange membrane in order to prevent wrinkles and damage caused by expansion or contraction of the ion-exchange membrane during operation of the electrolytic cell. The ion exchange membrane is treated with a conditioning solution so that it does not expand or contract before being incorporated into the electrolytic cell.
イオン交換膜を装着したイオン交換膜電解槽を移動しよ
うとすると、移動の際の振動等によってイオン交換膜が
損傷を受ける可能性があり、とくに、陰極として水素過
電圧が小さいニッケル系の被覆を形成した電極を使用し
た場合には陰極の表面に電極の作用面積を増大させるた
めに多数の凹凸が形成されているので、振動によってこ
のような陰極とぶつかっているとイオン交換膜に機械的
な損傷が生じ、また、イオン交換膜と接触している部分
において陰極のニッケルとイオン交換反応が起こり、ニ
ッケルがイオン交換膜に取り込まれることがある。If you attempt to move an ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell equipped with an ion exchange membrane, the ion exchange membrane may be damaged due to vibrations during movement, etc. In particular, avoid forming a nickel-based coating with low hydrogen overvoltage as the cathode. When using a ion-exchange membrane, many irregularities are formed on the surface of the cathode to increase the active area of the electrode, so if the cathode collides with such a cathode due to vibration, it may cause mechanical damage to the ion exchange membrane. In addition, an ion exchange reaction occurs with nickel at the cathode in the portion that is in contact with the ion exchange membrane, and nickel may be taken into the ion exchange membrane.
このため、電解槽の組立は電解槽の設置場所の近傍で行
うのが通常であり、電解槽の組立を設置場所とは別の場
所で行い長距離の移送をすることは行われていなかった
。For this reason, electrolytic cells are usually assembled near the installation location of the electrolytic cell, and electrolytic cells are not assembled at a location other than the installation location and transported over long distances. .
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明者らは、イオン交換膜の保護とともにイオン交換
膜に損傷などが生じない長距離の移送を可能とするイオ
ン交換膜の保護方法を提案するものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present inventors propose a method for protecting an ion exchange membrane that not only protects the ion exchange membrane but also enables long-distance transport without causing damage to the ion exchange membrane. be.
イオン交換膜性電解槽の移動中に生じるイオン交換膜の
損傷には各種の原因が考えられるが、イオン交換膜が含
有する水分の量の減少や、振動によってイオン交換膜が
電極面へ繰り返し接触することによる機械的な損傷およ
び電極室枠、ガスケットとイオン交換膜との間に働く力
等によって生じるものと考えられる。There are various possible causes for damage to the ion exchange membrane that occurs during movement of the ion exchange membrane electrolyzer, including a decrease in the amount of water contained in the ion exchange membrane, and repeated contact of the ion exchange membrane with the electrode surface due to vibration. This is thought to be caused by mechanical damage caused by this and the force acting between the electrode chamber frame, gasket and ion exchange membrane.
また、イオン交換膜にニッケル系の陰極活性被覆からニ
ッケルが取り込まれるのは、イオン交換膜を電解槽に装
着する前に行われているイオン交換膜の事前処理と関係
しているものとみられる。Furthermore, the incorporation of nickel into the ion exchange membrane from the nickel-based cathode active coating appears to be related to the pretreatment of the ion exchange membrane before it is attached to the electrolytic cell.
すなわち、イオン交換膜の事前処理は、例えば特開昭８
１−５３３２８号公報第４ページ右上欄に記載されてい
るように、希薄な炭酸水素ナトリウムや水酸化ナトリウ
ムの溶液に浸漬することが通常行われているが、陰極と
してニッケル系の被覆を形成したものを使用した場合に
は、イオン交換膜の事前処理で使用した炭酸水素ナトリ
ウム溶液などが電極に付着してニッケルと反応してニッ
ケルを炭酸塩の形で溶出し、溶出したニッケルがイオン
交換膜とイオン交換反応を起こして、イオン交換膜中に
取り込まれたものとみられる。In other words, the pretreatment of the ion exchange membrane is described in, for example, JP-A-8
As described in the upper right column of page 4 of Publication No. 1-53328, immersion in a dilute solution of sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydroxide is usually performed, but a nickel-based coating is formed as a cathode. If a carbonate is used, the sodium bicarbonate solution used in the pretreatment of the ion exchange membrane will adhere to the electrode and react with the nickel, eluting the nickel in the form of carbonate, and the eluted nickel will be absorbed into the ion exchange membrane. It appears that an ion-exchange reaction occurred with the ion-exchange membrane, and it was incorporated into the ion-exchange membrane.
そこで、こうした問題点を解消するために、イオン交換
膜を装着した電解槽の両電極室間に圧力差を形成して、
イオン交換膜に働く圧力と電極との間でイオン交換膜を
保持してイオン交換膜が振動などで動かないように一方
の電極に押し付けるようにしたものである。Therefore, in order to solve these problems, a pressure difference is created between both electrode chambers of an electrolytic cell equipped with an ion exchange membrane.
The ion exchange membrane is held between the pressure acting on the ion exchange membrane and the electrode, and the ion exchange membrane is pressed against one electrode to prevent it from moving due to vibration or the like.
両電極室間に圧力差を形成するために、いずれの電極室
の圧力を高くしても良いが、陰極としてニッケル系の被
覆を形成した場合には、陰極面とイオン交換膜が接触す
ると溶出したニッケルとイオン交換膜がイオン交換反応
を起こし、ニッケルがイオン交換膜に取り込まれたり、
電極面に形成した被覆の凹凸と膜が接触して、イオン交
換膜を機械的に損傷することがあるので、陰極室の圧力
を陽極室の圧力よりも高くしてイオン交換膜を陽極に押
し付けて保持することが好ましい。The pressure in either electrode chamber may be increased to create a pressure difference between the two electrode chambers, but if a nickel-based coating is formed as the cathode, it will elute when the cathode surface comes into contact with the ion exchange membrane. An ion exchange reaction occurs between the nickel and the ion exchange membrane, and the nickel is incorporated into the ion exchange membrane.
The membrane may come into contact with the irregularities of the coating formed on the electrode surface and mechanically damage the ion exchange membrane, so the pressure in the cathode chamber is made higher than the pressure in the anode chamber and the ion exchange membrane is pressed against the anode. It is preferable to hold the
また、電解槽に装着する前に事前処理したイオン交換膜
が乾燥するとイオン交換膜に収縮などをし、最悪の場合
にはイオン交換膜に亀裂が入ることが起こる。したがっ
て、電解槽の運転までイオン交換膜電解槽内の雰囲気は
湿潤に保持し、イオン交換膜の乾燥を防止しなければな
らないが、イオン交換膜を湿潤状態に保持すること、お
よびイオン交換膜の両側の圧力差を形成することを、加
圧のためにイオン交換膜電解槽に供給する気体を水で飽
和した湿潤気体とすることによりを同時に実現すること
ができる。Furthermore, if the ion exchange membrane that has been pretreated before being installed in the electrolytic cell dries, the ion exchange membrane may shrink, and in the worst case, the ion exchange membrane may crack. Therefore, until the electrolytic cell is operated, the atmosphere inside the ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell must be kept moist to prevent the ion exchange membrane from drying out. Forming a pressure difference on both sides can be simultaneously achieved by using a humid gas saturated with water as the gas supplied to the ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell for pressurization.
更に、本発明の方法では加圧している電極室の反対側の
電極室にマノメータ等の圧力計を接続して圧力の変化を
調べることにより、容易にイオン交換膜に生じたピンホ
ールなどを発見することが可能である。Furthermore, in the method of the present invention, by connecting a pressure gauge such as a manometer to the electrode chamber on the opposite side of the pressurized electrode chamber and examining changes in pressure, pinholes etc. that have occurred in the ion exchange membrane can be easily discovered. It is possible to do so.
（作用）
イオン交換膜を装着した電解槽のイオン交換膜で区画し
た両電極室間に湿潤気体を供給して圧力差を形成するこ
とにより、イオン交換膜を湿潤状態に保持すると共に、
イオン交換膜に加わる圧ヵ差と一方の電極によって固定
することができる。(Function) By supplying humid gas between the two electrode chambers partitioned by the ion exchange membrane of the electrolytic cell equipped with the ion exchange membrane to form a pressure difference, the ion exchange membrane is kept in a moist state, and
It can be fixed by a pressure difference applied to the ion exchange membrane and one electrode.
（実施例）
本発明を図面に基づいてさらに詳細に説明すると第１図
は、この発明の方法を示すものであるが、イオン交換膜
性電解槽１の多数の陰極室２に気体供給管３を接続して
いる。気体供給管３には、加湿器５を結合しており、加
湿器には気体の供給装置４から所定の圧力の気体を供給
している。また、電解槽内の気体の圧力が異常に上昇す
るとイオン交換膜が破損するおそれがあるので、気体供
給管には圧力の上昇を防止する圧力調整装置６を設けた
。(Example) To explain the present invention in more detail based on the drawings, FIG. 1 shows the method of the present invention. are connected. A humidifier 5 is connected to the gas supply pipe 3, and gas at a predetermined pressure is supplied to the humidifier from a gas supply device 4. Furthermore, since there is a risk that the ion exchange membrane may be damaged if the pressure of the gas in the electrolytic cell rises abnormally, a pressure regulator 6 is provided in the gas supply pipe to prevent the pressure from rising.
気体の供給装置は、圧縮空気や窒素などの固定配管、圧
縮窒素や圧縮空気等を封入したボンベあるいは気体圧縮
機などの任意のものを使用することができる。固定配管
によらずに圧縮気体を封入したボンベあるいは電池や内
燃機関によって駆動される気体の供給装置を用いると電
解槽を長距離輸送することも容易にできる。As the gas supply device, any device such as a fixed pipe for compressed air or nitrogen, a cylinder filled with compressed nitrogen or compressed air, or a gas compressor can be used. Instead of using fixed piping, the electrolytic cell can be easily transported over long distances by using a cylinder filled with compressed gas or a gas supply device driven by a battery or an internal combustion engine.
また、加湿器も各種のものが使用可能であるが、洗気瓶
に水を入れた第２図のような簡単な構造の加湿器５に、
入口管７から気体を供給し出口管８から取り出すとよい
。圧力調整装置は過剰の気体を外部に開放する形式のも
のや供給気体の量あるいは圧力を調整する形式のものな
どの任意のものが使用可能であるが、洗気瓶と同様な構
造の装置に水を入れ、液面上を大気に開放し、水中への
気体の噴出位置と液面との間で形成される圧力差によっ
て供給圧力を調整するという簡単な方法によっても十分
な効果を得ることができる。In addition, various types of humidifiers can be used, but a humidifier 5 with a simple structure as shown in Fig. 2, which consists of an air washing bottle filled with water,
It is preferable to supply gas through the inlet pipe 7 and take it out through the outlet pipe 8. Any pressure regulating device can be used, such as one that releases excess gas to the outside or one that adjusts the amount or pressure of supplied gas, but a device with a structure similar to that of an air scrubber can be used. A sufficient effect can also be obtained by a simple method of filling water, opening the surface above the liquid to the atmosphere, and adjusting the supply pressure by the pressure difference formed between the position of the gas jetting into the water and the liquid surface. Can be done.
イオン交換膜電解槽への気体の供給は、運転時に使用す
る液の供給口や排出口等を利用することができる。また
、気体を供給する電極室の反対側の電極室は、温度の変
化による電極室内部の圧力の変動の悪影響を受けないよ
うに大気に開放することが好ましい。Gas can be supplied to the ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell by using a liquid supply port, discharge port, etc. used during operation. Further, the electrode chamber on the opposite side of the electrode chamber to which gas is supplied is preferably opened to the atmosphere so as not to be adversely affected by pressure fluctuations inside the electrode chamber due to temperature changes.
電解槽内へ供給する気体の圧力は、イオン交換膜に損傷
を与えない圧力であれば任意の圧力を加えることができ
るが、大気圧より１００ないし２００璽■Ａ（＋の圧力
とすると良い。Any pressure can be applied to the gas supplied into the electrolytic cell as long as it does not damage the ion exchange membrane, but the pressure is preferably 100 to 200 A (+) above atmospheric pressure.
なお、圧力差を形成するために一方を加圧することに代
えて、一方を吸引して圧力差を形成することももちろん
可能であるが、この場合にはイオン交換膜を湿潤状態に
保持するための特別な手段が必要となる。Note that instead of pressurizing one side to create a pressure difference, it is of course possible to create a pressure difference by suctioning one side, but in this case, in order to maintain the ion exchange membrane in a moist state. special measures are required.
実施例１
イオン交換膜を装着した複数のイオン交換膜電解槽の陰
極室の陰極液の供給口及び排出口を封止し、窒素ガスパ
ーシロに気体供給管及び過剰の気体を外部へ放出する機
能を有する圧力調整装置を取り付け、気体供給管には加
湿器として水を入れた洗気瓶を取り付は電池駆動の気体
供給装置から圧縮空気を供給した。自動車で約１１００
０Ｋを移送した後に運転したが、いずれの電解槽も設置
場所で組み立てたものと何等性能的には差位はみられな
かった。Example 1 The catholyte supply and discharge ports of the cathode chamber of a plurality of ion-exchange membrane electrolytic cells equipped with ion-exchange membranes were sealed, and a nitrogen gas supply pipe and a function for releasing excess gas to the outside were installed. A pressure regulating device was attached to the gas supply pipe, and an air washing bottle filled with water was attached as a humidifier to the gas supply pipe, and compressed air was supplied from a battery-powered gas supply device. Approximately 1100 yen by car
Although the electrolytic cells were operated after transferring 0K, there was no difference in performance between the electrolytic cells and those assembled at the installation site.
（発明の効果）
以上詳細に述べたように、本発明は、イオン交換膜を湿
潤状態に保持すると共に、イオン交換膜の振動や、ニッ
ケル系の活性被覆を形成した電極面との接触を防止する
ことができるので、イオン交換膜を装着した電解槽の長
期間の保存と長距離の移送が可能となるという効果を有
しているである。(Effects of the Invention) As described in detail above, the present invention maintains the ion exchange membrane in a wet state and prevents the ion exchange membrane from vibration and contact with the electrode surface on which the nickel-based active coating is formed. This has the effect that an electrolytic cell equipped with an ion exchange membrane can be stored for a long time and transported over long distances.
第１図は、本発明の方法を実施する方法を示している。 第２図は、本発明に使用する加湿器の一例である。 １ ・ 争 ２・拳 ３ ・ ・ ４ ・ ・ ５・ ・ ６・ ・ ・イオン交換膜性電解槽 Φ陰極 ・気体供給管 ・加湿器 ・気体供給装置 ・圧力調整装置 FIG. 1 shows a method of carrying out the method of the invention. FIG. 2 is an example of a humidifier used in the present invention. 1. Dispute 2. Fist ３ ・・ ４ ・・ 5・・ 6・・ ・Ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell Φ cathode ・Gas supply pipe ·humidifier ・Gas supply device ・Pressure adjustment device
Claims (3)
電解槽において、両電極室の間に圧力差を形成して、一
方の電極にイオン交換膜を押し付けてイオン交換膜を保
持することを特徴とするイオン交換膜の保護方法。(1) In an electrolytic cell equipped with an ion exchange membrane that is not filled with electrolyte, a pressure difference is created between both electrode chambers to hold the ion exchange membrane by pressing the ion exchange membrane against one electrode. Characteristic protection method for ion exchange membranes.
ることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項に記載のイオ
ン交換膜の保護方法。(2) The method for protecting an ion exchange membrane according to claim 1, which comprises pressurizing the gas in one of the electrode chambers to create a pressure difference.
とする特許請求範囲第１項ないし第２項に記載のイオン
交換膜の保護方法。(3) A method for protecting an ion exchange membrane according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the cathode chamber is pressurized by supplying humid gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22986888A JPH0280587A (en) | 1988-09-16 | 1988-09-16 | Method for protecting ion exchange membrane |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22986888A JPH0280587A (en) | 1988-09-16 | 1988-09-16 | Method for protecting ion exchange membrane |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0280587A true JPH0280587A (en) | 1990-03-20 |
Family
ID=16898961
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22986888A Pending JPH0280587A (en) | 1988-09-16 | 1988-09-16 | Method for protecting ion exchange membrane |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0280587A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2823996A1 (en) * | 2001-04-30 | 2002-10-31 | F Tec Indus | ANIONIC MEMBRANE ELECTROLYZER AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTION USING THE SAME |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5177586A (en) * | 1974-12-27 | 1976-07-05 | Daiki Engineering Co | |
| JPS5629681A (en) * | 1979-08-17 | 1981-03-25 | Toagosei Chem Ind Co Ltd | Electrolysis of aqueous alkali chloride solution |
-
1988
- 1988-09-16 JP JP22986888A patent/JPH0280587A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5177586A (en) * | 1974-12-27 | 1976-07-05 | Daiki Engineering Co | |
| JPS5629681A (en) * | 1979-08-17 | 1981-03-25 | Toagosei Chem Ind Co Ltd | Electrolysis of aqueous alkali chloride solution |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2823996A1 (en) * | 2001-04-30 | 2002-10-31 | F Tec Indus | ANIONIC MEMBRANE ELECTROLYZER AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTION USING THE SAME |
| WO2002088428A3 (en) * | 2001-04-30 | 2003-05-08 | F Tec Systems S A | Electrolyser with anionic membrane and method for producing a hypochlorite solution using same |
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