JPH0284695A - Air flow responsive sound instruction device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument, and in particular to an electronic musical instrument that generates a desired musical tone in response to the state of airflow caused by a press operation or the like.
Regarding airflow responsive electronic musical instruments.

[Background] In the field of Type 191 musical instruments, electronic musical instruments having a so-called touch response function are known.

The function currently called touch response function is 11W.
Key press speed for the above 6 keys (initial touch speed)
, sensors installed on the six keys detect the operation input after the key has been pressed all the way down to a certain level, generate initial touch data and aftertouch data based on each, and use both data to determine the characteristics of the musical sound. This is a function to reflect.

Some models only have a touch response function for initial data.

By the way, the present applicant has developed an electronic musical instrument of the type that utilizes airflow or exhaled air or inhaled air, as shown in Utility Model Application No. 59-15099 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-164094.
(hereinafter collectively referred to as "airflow-responsive electronic musical instruments"), but unlike single-panel electronic instruments, in these airflow-responsive electronic musical instruments, the blowing performance of the blow player is The performance intention at the beginning, that is, the manner in which the instrument is played at the beginning, cannot be sufficiently reflected in the characteristics such as the volume and timbre of the musical tone.

That is, in the case of conventional electronic keyboard instruments, the initial data used to control the generation of musical tones can be determined by the key pressing speed at the time of key pressing, so it is necessary to accurately generate initial data that sufficiently corresponds to the key pressing speed. A giant monkey.

Therefore, it is possible to reliably control the volume and tone of the musical tones to be generated based on the generated initial data. On the other hand, in the case of conventional airflow-responsive electronic musical instruments that control the sound source according to the output value of the airflow detection signal corresponding to the airflow condition, if the output value of the airflow detection signal exceeds the key-on level value, In response, a key-on signal is sent to the sound source to instruct the start of musical tone generation, and this key-on signal simply instructs the start of musical tone generation.In this way, the desired musical tone is generated. Initial data used to control the sound and timbre of the sound were not sent to the sound source along with the key-on signal, so the player's performance intent at the start of the performance could be changed, i.e., whether the player starts blowing slowly or suddenly. It was not possible to generate musical tones with volume and timbre according to the way the player played, such as how the level rose.

Therefore, conventionally, initial data used to control the volume and timbre of the musical sound to be generated is generated based on the output value of the detection signal corresponding to the state of the air fluid, and the musical sound is generated according to this initial data. There is a need for the development of an electronic musical instrument whose characteristics can be variably controlled and whose musical tone can be controlled to fully reflect the wind player's intentions when starting a performance.

[Object of the Invention 1 The object of the present invention is to provide an airflow responsive electronic musical instrument that satisfies such demands.

Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument that is responsive to various press operations, window operations, etc., and is capable of generating musical instruments with rich expressive power.

[Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve such an object, when there is a change in the pitch specifying operation by the pitch specifying means, the start pitch specified before the change is changed to the specified start pitch after the change. The key point is that the control means controls the speed at which the pitch is changed to the desired pitch in accordance with the state of change in the output value of the detection signal detected by the air flow detection subactor. .

[Example] Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Structure> The structure of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 1. Reference numeral 1 denotes a blowing input section, and when a breath is blown through the mouse lb, an internal wind sensor or press sensor 1b detects the strength of the breath or the airflow. The speed of is detected. Press sensor 1a
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-420 filed by the same applicant
9 (released on March 9, 1981, "R'it Kobue") can be used.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a key switch section (KEY 5W) 2 that includes a key for specifying pitch (WI type pitch information input means).

In the figure, the blowing input section 1 and the pitch specifying key group 2 are shown as separate blocks, but any known type may be used, such as an integral type such as a whistle or a harmonica.

The analog output from the press sensor 1 is taken into a microcomputer with a built-in A/D converter and processed as digital data. In the blowing mode, A/D conversion is always performed, and the microcomputer 3 samples (reads) data at regular time intervals.
The microcomputer 3 also reads pitch information in the form of a key code from the key switch unit 2. From these two inputs, the microcomputer generates musical tone control information (sounding start code, sounding end code, pitch data, initial data, after data) and transfers it to the sound source 4.

The sound source 4 generates and modulates a musical tone signal based on the control information sent from the microcomputer 3, and sends it to the sound system.

The sound system amplifies and acoustically converts electrical signals through an amplifier 5 and a speaker 6, and outputs the final sound.

Here, the above-mentioned initial data and after-sales data are
It is used to adjust the characteristics of the musical tones to be generated. The initial data of the former is used as response data for controlling the generation of musical tones at the beginning of playing, and the after data of the latter is used as response data for controlling the musical tones after the musical tones have started to be produced or while they are being produced. The various data used in this example are as follows.

2. Data that controls the volume of musical tones at the start of sound production or during sound production.

Vibrato data: Via added to the pitch of the musical note being sounded. Determines the depth of the blurt. data, pitch bend instead data, i.e. pitch of musical tones data that determines the degree of bend in May be used.

Portamento speed data: Portamento speed applied to musical sounds The data that determines the degree of ment is the goal from the starting pitch. Pitch to Pitch In this example, 0 indicates a smooth change over time. is a glissando (from the starting pitch) Step by step pitch to target pitch It refers to changes over time. ) Use for taste.

Operation> The operation of the above embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

Figure 2 is a flowchart of the microcomputer.
) is read (A1), and each time the AD data (digital data indicating the strength of breath from the press sensor) is read, the timer interoperable flow (B1 to B24) is entered and processing is performed. .

Figure 3 shows the A for the AD reading cycle (horizontal axis).
D data (vertical axis) is shown as an example. In other words, it is the change in breath strength over time. For convenience of explanation, the strength of the breath is shown as various changes.The present invention monitors the strength of the breath to perform 1 pronunciation processing, 1 pronunciation end processing (key-off processing), and initial data (volume, tone, etc.). ) and after data (used to control volume data, vibrato data, pitch bend data, etc.).In addition, in this embodiment, when the key switch for specifying the pitch changes, the breath data is generated. The portamento speed is also changed according to the rate of change in the level over time.

In FIG. 1, AD data has an 8-bit configuration.

First, we will discuss the determination of the start of sound generation and the generation of initial data.
When the lower limit level or on-threshold level (10 in this example) is exceeded, it is regarded as the start of sound generation, and the AD sample N at the time it exceeds it and the samples N-1 and N before and after it.
Using the three +1 samples, the rate of change or difference is determined and used as response data, that is, initial data (Fig. 3, ■, 0 reference intervals).

To describe the flow in FIG. 2, in the cycle of sample N-1, the flow passes through NO of B1, B2, B3, and B4. In the cycle of sample N, the on level of the AD data is detected (■ in FIG. 3), and at B5, tone generation timing processing (calculation of the difference from the tone generation timing flag set) is performed. Then, when entering the cycle of sample N+1, B
It was confirmed that the sound was on standby at point 3, and at l/2 shown in Figure 3.
(A + D), that is, find the difference A between the previous sample N and the current sample N+1, add this to the previous difference, and take the average to generate initial data.B6), sound source 4), the current KEY
Sound generation processing is executed according to the data (pitch data) of SW2 (B7).

On the sound source 4 side, peach, volume, and timbre are attached to the musical sound to be generated according to the pitch data corresponding to KEYSW2 pressed by the blow player and the initial data corresponding to the blowing method at the beginning of the blow by the blow player. to create a musical tone signal.

The AD data after sample (N+2) is sequentially sampled (while playing) to generate after data, and the value of each sample is converted into volume data or the like. The range of the volume data is divided into a total of 200 stages of +100 and -99, with AD data 110 as the center (see ◯ in Fig. 3) ([Phase] in Fig. 3, 0.@Referencer!A).

In a cycle in which only pitch data is generated and sent, the second
In the figure, B1, B2. B9. B12, B13. B1
Pass through 4. In addition, when there is no change in AD data, sound source 4
There will be a no-operation command (No from B9 to BIO).

When vibrato data (or bend data) is generated during a performance, it is generated in response to one of the following events. The first is AD data, that is, when the strength of breath is constant and this state continues for a predetermined period of time (■ in Figure 3,
■) The second case is when the AD data exceeds a predetermined vibrato-on level (■ in FIG. 3).

In the first case, the modulation depth of the vibrato (pitch bend) increases with the duration of a certain level.

On the other hand, in the second case, the depth of the vibrato (pitch bend) is controlled according to the rate of change in breath strength at that time (■ in Figure 3), and weighted according to the size of the AD data. (■ in Figure 3)
In other words, the stronger the breath, and the stronger the breath, the deeper the vibrato (pitch bend) will be applied.

In the AD data read cycle corresponding to the first case, B1, B2 . Proceeds to BIO via B9, where it is confirmed that vibrato (bend) is on time, vibrato (bend) data is generated in Bll, and the generated vibrato (bend) data is sent to sound source 4. .

On the other hand, in the AD data read cycle corresponding to the second case, B1. Proceeding to B13 via B2, B9, and B12, it is confirmed that the vibrato (bend) on level is exceeded, and in B15, vibrato (bend) data is generated along with volume data, and these data are transferred to the sound source 4. .

While playing, the 3-portamento process occurs for the following events: In other words, the key switch for specifying pitch (
This is when there is a change in KEY 5W2) (see ■ in Figure 3), and the strength of the breath at that time (AD data)
The portamento speed (in other words, the time from the pitch of the key before the change to the pitch of the key after the change) is set according to the rate of change of (see ■ in FIG. 3).

Referring to Fig. 2, when there is a change in KEY SW2, AD data %P1 is changed via A1 of the main flow.
This is confirmed at B16 of -y row, portamento sweep on is executed (B17), portamento speed or time is set from the change rate of AD data (818, and the key code after the change is sent to the sound source 4 (or microcomputer 3). portamento processing module) (B19).

From then on, the portamento data (pitch) is updated in the portamento processing module, and when the pitch exceeds the target pitch (the pitch indicated by the changed key code), the process advances from B20 to B21 and the portamento sweep is turned off. do.

Finally, we will discuss the determination of the end of pronunciation.

The AD data is set at a predetermined level, i.e., the lower limit level or key-off threshold level (1 in Figure 3).
0), and if this continues for a certain amount of time or more than a certain number of times (three times in Figure 3), it is considered to be a key-off, that is, the end of the blowing (see O in Figure 3). , for the first time, key off, i.e.
The reason why the blowing is considered to have ended is because the strength of the breath was weakened during the blowing, and the level of the AD data momentarily dropped below the key-off threshold level. This is to prevent it from being executed.

Ha, ff1 when it is only a case of momentary level drop
In FIG. 2, it is detected at B12 that the AD level has reached the key-off level, but it is determined that the key-off is not at B22, so the process returns to 813 of the flow during playing.

On the other hand, when I stop playing (to take a breather), I say YES on B22 and it's a voltamento speed off! J(B
23), key-off (end of sound generation) processing is executed (B
24).

Modifications> The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications and changes are possible.

For example, other modulation parameters may be added to the after data. ), or parameters used to apply frequency modulation other than those described above can be added as an alternative or as a combined parameter.

Additionally, a selection switch for selecting various modulation parameters may be provided.9 For example, a portamento key may be provided, and the above event (change in pitch key) occurs when the portamento mode is selected by the portamento key. Apply portamento sweep when

As for the sensor, instead of or in combination with the above-mentioned detection of exhalation, it may be possible to detect inhalation. The sensor may be operated to push out an airflow, and this airflow may be detected by a sensor.

Also, the key switch group for pitch does not necessarily have to be 0.
For example, melody information (series of pitch data) may be set in memory, and by giving blowing input via a sensor, pitch data may be retrieved from memory and performance processing performed when sound generation starts. In this case, the main flow in FIG. 2 is unnecessary, and the next pitch data is read from the memory at, for example, B8 during the AD data processing flow, or as /\-monica format,
The press sensor may also serve as a pitch key.

[Effect of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, the present invention provides, when there is a change in the pitch designation operation by the pitch designation means, the starting pitch designated before the change is changed from the start pitch designated after the change. Since the speed at which the pitch is changed to the desired pitch is controlled by the control means in accordance with the state of change in the output value of the detection signal detected by the airflow detection means, the speed at which the pitch is changed to the desired pitch is controlled by the control means. It is possible to play while arbitrarily changing the pitch change speed from to the target pitch in accordance with the player's press operation, etc., and therefore it is possible to perform musical tones with rich expressive power. can.

3...Microcomputer.

Casio Computer Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) Air flow detection means that sequentially detects the state of the air fluid and sequentially outputs corresponding detection signals, and a musical tone that instructs generation of musical tones based on the detection signals sequentially output from the air flow detection means. When there is a change in the pitch specifying means for specifying the pitch of the musical sound to be generated, and the pitch specifying operation by the pitch specifying means, the starting pitch specified before the change is changed. control means for controlling the speed at which the pitch is changed to the designated target pitch after the change, in accordance with the state of change in the output value of the detection signal detected by the air flow detection means; An airflow responsive electronic musical instrument. (2) The control means controls the speed at which the pitch is changed smoothly or stepwise from the starting pitch to the target pitch,
2. The airflow responsive electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the control is performed in accordance with a temporal change in the output value of the detection signal. (3) The air flow detection means includes a fluid detection sensor means that detects the state of the air fluid and sequentially outputs corresponding analog electrical signals, and an analog electrical signal sequentially output from the fluid detection sensor means. The analog/digital signal is sequentially converted into a corresponding digital signal and output as the detection signal.
An air flow responsive electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, comprising digital conversion means. (4) The air flow responsive electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the air flow detection means comprises fluid pressure detection means for detecting fluid pressure of air fluid.