JPH028934B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a vehicle drying device for drying a vehicle, mainly the surface of the vehicle body, after being washed.

Conventionally, in such a vehicle drying device, a guide wheel is biased downward, and when drying the roof surface, the guide wheel is rolled on the roof surface to detect the upper surface, and the drying nozzle is pressed against the roof surface. Avoid contact with surfaces. Therefore, there was a drawback that rolling traces of the guide wheels inevitably remained on the roof surface.

The present invention has been made to eliminate such conventional drawbacks, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle drying device that prevents rolling traces of guide wheels from remaining on the roof surface of a vehicle. .

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a gate-shaped frame that can straddle a vehicle to be dried and run along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle; A top nozzle having a spout opening toward the upper surface and connected to the blower, and a lifting mechanism provided at the top of the gate-shaped frame to drive the top nozzle up and down between a predetermined upper limit position and a lower limit position. In the vehicle drying device, the drying air can be spouted from the spout when the gate-shaped frame runs, including a swinging member pivotally supported on the top nozzle, and a swinging member rotatably supported on the top nozzle. freely supported,
a guide wheel capable of oscillatingly displacing the swinging member in a predetermined direction by contact with one of the glass windows in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle; and the jetting port for guiding the air flow blown from the jetting port toward the upper surface of the vehicle body. When the top nozzle is brought closer to the upper surface of the vehicle body by a predetermined distance or more, the free end portion is bent to substantially follow the upper surface of the vehicle body due to the airflow, and an air flow gap can be formed between the top nozzle and the upper surface of the vehicle body. The flexible guide plate is pivoted to the top nozzle so as to swing in a predetermined direction due to contact with the other glass window in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and is moved in a predetermined direction in conjunction with the bending of the flexible guide plate. a detection rod that can be engaged with the guide plate so as to swing in a direction; a top nozzle is raised when a swing angular displacement of the swing member or the detection rod in the predetermined direction is equal to or greater than a predetermined value; The apparatus is characterized in that it includes a control means for controlling the operation of the elevating mechanism so as to lower the top nozzle when the swing angle displacement is less than a predetermined value.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, in FIGS. 1 and 2, a gate-shaped frame 1 that straddles a vehicle to be washed and dried.
are mounted via running wheels 3a, 3b on guide rails 2a, 2b laid on the ground along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and are reciprocated on the rails 2a, 2b by a prime mover (not shown).

A pair of side nozzles 4a, 4b for drying the side surfaces of the vehicle body are disposed facing each other on the left and right sides of the gate-shaped frame 1, and these side nozzles 4a, 4
b is connected to blowers 5a, 5b provided on both sides of the upper part of the portal frame 1 via ducts 6a, 6b. In addition, the inner ends of both side nozzles 4a, 4b are formed with drying air outlets 7a, 7b directed inward of the gate-shaped frame 1. A flexible guide plate 9 is provided at the rear edge of the portal frame 1 along the running direction 8.
a and 9b are fixed.

At the center of the upper part of the gate-shaped frame 1, there is a lifting mechanism 10.
Through the top nozzle 11 for drying the upper surface of the car body
is supported, and this top nozzle 11 is connected to flexible conduits 12a, 12b and a substantially L-shaped duct 1.
It is connected to the blowers 5a, 5b via 3a, 13b.

The elevating mechanism 10 includes a pair of parallel links 14a and 14b whose one end is rotatably supported at the center of the upper part of the gate-shaped frame 1 and extends downward;
A pair of arms 1 having one end connected to the other ends of 4a and 14b and the other end fixed to the top nozzle 11.
5a, 15b, one end is pivoted to the upper center of the portal frame 1, and the other end is both arms 15a, 15b.
A single guide rod 16 connected to the other end, and the upper center and both parallel links 14 of the portal frame 1
A pair of springs 1 interposed between the other ends of a and 14b
7a, 17b, a hydraulic cylinder 18 supported by the portal frame 1, and a rotatable sprocket 20 connected to the piston rod 19 of the hydraulic cylinder 18.
The chain 21 extends downward through the chain 21 and is connected to one parallel link 14a.

In such a lifting mechanism 10, when hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 18 and the piston rod 19 is driven to contract, the chain 21 rises and the parallel link 1
4a, 14b are pulled up, thereby causing the top nozzle 11 to rise. Also, the hydraulic cylinder 18
When the supply of hydraulic pressure to the top nozzle 11 is stopped and the hydraulic pressure is released, the top nozzle 11 descends due to its own weight. Note that the springs 17a and 17b are connected to the top nozzle 1.
1 exerts a spring force in the contraction direction in the lowered state, and functions to reduce the lifting force of the top nozzle 11, that is, the load on the hydraulic cylinder 18.

In FIG. 3, the top nozzle 11 has a triangular cross section that narrows downward, and a drying air outlet 22 directed downward inside the gate-shaped frame 1 is located at the lower end of the top nozzle 11. It is opened. Running direction 8 of the portal frame 1 when the vehicle is drying
An elongated flexible guide plate 23 is fixed and suspended from the rear end edge of the spout 22 along the . The flexible guide plate 23 is provided to guide the air flow blown out from the jet nozzle 22 toward the upper surface of the vehicle body, and in particular, as shown in FIG. The bending strength is set so that when the free end portion is brought closer to the vehicle body by a predetermined distance or more, the free end portion can be bent substantially along the upper surface of the vehicle body by the air flow, and an air flow gap can be formed between the free end portion and the upper surface of the vehicle body. ing.

In FIG. 4, a support member 24 is provided protruding from the front wall of the top nozzle 11 along the running direction 8, and a shaft 25 that is perpendicular to the running direction 8 and horizontal is rotatably attached to the support member 24. Supported. One end of a connecting rod 26 perpendicular to the shaft 25 is fixed, and the other end of the connecting rod 26 is fixed to the shaft 25.
A support shaft 27 parallel to is fixed. A pair of first guide wheels 28 are loosely fitted onto this support shaft 27 so as to be freely rotatable about its axis. Therefore, the connecting rod 26 and the support shaft 2
7 cooperate with each other to constitute the swinging member A of the present invention, and the first guide ring 28 constitutes the guide ring of the present invention.

Furthermore, a cam 31 is fixed to the shaft 25,
A detection rod 34 extending rearward in the running direction 8 is integrally fixed to the cam 31. Therefore, the detection rod 34 is integrated with the shaft 25.
The detection rod 34 passes through a hole 35 formed in the flexible guide plate 23. Furthermore, a second guide ring 36 having a relatively small diameter is rotatably supported at the free end of the detection rod 34.

Here, referring also to FIG. 5, the configuration of the control means C for controlling the operation of the lifting mechanism 10, especially the hydraulic cylinder 18 will be explained. , an actuator 41 for operating the switching valve 39 in accordance with the angular displacement of the cam 31, and a shuttle valve 53.
and an electromagnetic switching valve 59.

The cam 31 has a small-diameter arc-shaped cam surface 29 formed on its outer periphery over a range of a certain central angle α;
It has a large-diameter cam surface 30 formed over the remaining central angle, and a stepped portion 3 between both cam surfaces 29 and 30.
2 and 33 are provided, respectively. The cam surface 29 is disposed at a position opposite to the direction in which the detection rod 34 extends with respect to the shaft 25. When the cam 31 is inactive, the cam 31 moves in the direction shown by the arrow 37 (see FIG. 3) due to the weight of the detection rod 34, the first guide wheel 28, etc.
A regulating plate 38 is fixed to the support member 24 in order to prevent the cam 31 from rotating more than necessary in this state. A stepped portion 32 located on the upper side of the cam surface 29 along the rotation direction 37 can come into contact with the regulating plate 38 .

A switching valve 39 is fixed to the upper part of the support member 24, and the upper end of the switching valve 39 is connected to the shaft 25.
The switching valve 39 is actuated by an actuator 41 pivotally supported on the main body 40 of the switching valve 39 so as to be swingable around an axis parallel to the switching valve 39 . A follower 42 that contacts the cam 31 is rotatably supported at the lower end of the actuator 41, and as described above, when the cam 31 is in the inactive state and the stepped portion 32 is in contact with the regulating plate 38, the follower 42 is rotatably supported. The follower 42 of the actuator 41 is in contact with the cam surface 29.

Referring again to FIG. 5, the hydraulic cylinder 18 is a double acting cylinder, and when the hydraulic pressure is applied to the rod side hydraulic chamber 43 and the hydraulic pressure in the head side hydraulic chamber 44 is released, the piston rod 19 is moved into the cylinder tube. 45, i.e. the piston rod 1
It functions to drive the reduction of 9. Hydraulic cylinder 18
An oil tank 46 is provided for smooth operation, and the interior of this oil tank 46 is partitioned into a pressurizing chamber 48 and an open chamber 49 by a partition plate 47. The lower part of the pressurizing chamber 48 is communicated with the rod-side hydraulic chamber 43 of the hydraulic cylinder 18 via a conduit 50.
The lower part of the open chamber 49 is communicated with the head side hydraulic chamber 44 via a conduit 51. Furthermore, the upper part of the open chamber 49 is open to the atmosphere, so the oil pressure in the head side hydraulic chamber 44 of the hydraulic cylinder 18 is always in a released state. In the upper part of the pressurizing chamber 48, there is a pneumatic pipe line 52.
One end is connected to this pneumatic pipe 52
By introducing air pressure into the pressurizing chamber 48, the hydraulic oil in the pressurizing chamber 48 is pressurized, and therefore the hydraulic pressure acts on the rod side hydraulic chamber 43, and the piston rod 19 is driven to contract. Ru.

The other end of the pneumatic pipe 52 is connected to a shuttle valve 53.
is connected to an outlet 54 of. This shuttle valve 53
has two inlets, a first inlet 55 and a second inlet 56, and the difference in air pressure between the two inlets 55 and 56 causes the valve body 57 to move, thereby blocking the inlet with lower air pressure. The first inlet 55 is connected to a pneumatic source 61 via a pneumatic line 58, a solenoid switching valve 59 and a pneumatic line 60, and the second inlet 56 is connected to a pneumatic line 62, a switching valve 39 and a pneumatic line 63. The air pressure source 61 is connected to the air pressure source 61 through the air pressure source 61.

The electromagnetic switching valve 59 is a 3-port, 2-position switching valve, and the mode in which the pneumatic lines 58 and 60 are communicated, and the mode in which the open line 64 opened to the atmosphere is communicated with the pneumatic line 58 are used to excite the solenoid. It can be switched accordingly.

The main body 40 of the switching valve 39 is provided with a first port 65 that communicates with the pneumatic pipe line 62, a second port 66 that communicates with the pneumatic pipe line 63, and a third port 67 that is open to the atmosphere. , first port 65
The valve chambers 68 and 69 communicate with a central portion of a flow path 70 formed in a straight line between the pair of valve chambers 68 and 69. The second port 66 communicates with a valve chamber 68 , and the third port 67 communicates with a valve chamber 69 . A valve seat 71 is provided at one end of the flow path 70 facing the valve chamber 68 , and a valve seat 72 is provided at the other end facing the valve chamber 69 . A valve rod 73 is disposed passing through the flow path 70, and a valve body 74 that can be seated on the valve seat 71 is fixed to one end of the valve rod 73. The other end of the valve rod 73 protrudes through the main body 40 in a freely displaceable manner, and a pressing portion 75 with which the actuator 41 comes into contact is provided at the protruding end. Furthermore, a valve body 76 that can be seated on the valve seat 72 is fixed near the other end of the valve stem 73 . Both valve bodies 74 and 76 are formed into disk shapes made of flexible material, and the peripheral edges of these valve bodies 74 and 76 are held between the main body 40. Moreover, valve stem 73
is the direction in which the pressing portion 75 comes into contact with the actuator 41 due to the spring force of the spring 77, that is, the direction in which the valve body 74
is urged in the direction of seating on the valve seat 71.

In the switching valve 39 having such a configuration, when the follower 42 of the actuator 41 is in contact with the cam surface 29, the valve body 74 is in contact with the valve seat 71, and the valve body 76 is separated from the valve seat 72. Therefore, the first port 65 and the third port 67 communicate with each other, and the first port 65 and the second port 66 are disconnected, resulting in the second mode. Further, when the follower 42 of the actuator 41 is separated from the cam surface 29 and in contact with the cam surface 30, the valve stem 73 is pushed into the main body 40 against the spring force of the spring 77, thereby causing the valve body 76 to is seated on the valve seat 72, and the valve seat 74 is seated on the valve seat 71.
turn away from Therefore, the first port 65 communicates with the second port 66, and the first port 65 and the third port 67 are cut off, resulting in the first mode.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained. When washing a vehicle, the portal frame 1 runs in the opposite direction to the running direction 8, and during this time the vehicle is washed by a brush (not shown). At this time, the electromagnetic switching valve 59
is in a switching mode in which the pneumatic pipes 58 and 60 communicate with each other, and the air pressure from the pneumatic source 61 is applied to the valve body 5.
7 acting on the first inlet 55 of the shuttle valve 53
is opened, and the hydraulic oil in the pressurizing chamber 48 is pressurized.
As a result, the hydraulic cylinder 18 is moved to the piston rod 19.
is pulled into the cylinder tube 45, and the top nozzle 11 is pulled upward. Therefore, the top nozzle 11 is pulled up when washing the vehicle, and the top nozzle 11 does not hit the ceiling of the vehicle.

In FIG. 6, in the drying process after washing the vehicle, the blowers 5a and 5b are driven, and the gate-shaped frame 1 is moved in the running direction 8.
At this time, the electromagnetic switching valve 59 is configured to communicate the pneumatic pipe line 58 with the open pipe line 64, and therefore, in the oil tank 46, the pressurized chamber 48
The air pressure inside is released to the atmosphere. As a result, the piston rod 19 can move freely in the hydraulic cylinder 18, and the top nozzle 11 is lowered by its own weight.

In this state, the portal frame 1 is moving in the running direction 8.
When you drive towards the left and right side nozzles 4a,
4b faces both sides of the vehicle V, and the top nozzle 1
1 faces the trunk lid surface T, and includes blowers 5a,
Pressurized air from 5b is sent to both side nozzles 4a, 4b.
It can be ejected from the top nozzle 11 to dry the trunk lid surface T and both side surfaces along it.

At this time, the top nozzle 11 is located above the trunk lid surface T with a certain distance, but the pressurized air jetted from the jet nozzle 22 of the top nozzle 11 flows along the flexible guide plate 23 toward the trunk lid. It is guided along the surface T in a substantially rectified state, so that the trunk lid surface T is efficiently dried.

Further, the side nozzles 4a, 4b are also arranged at a certain distance from both sides of the vehicle V, but in this case as well, the ejection ports 7a, 4b of the side nozzles 4a, 4b,
The pressurized air blown out from 7b is guided along flexible guide plates 9a and 9b fixed to their rear edges, so both sides of the vehicle V are efficiently dried.

The drying effect of the side nozzles 4a, 4b on both sides of the vehicle V is the same over the entire length of the vehicle V, and the subsequent side nozzles 4a, 4b
The explanation of the effect of is omitted.

The gate-shaped frame 1 further travels in the running direction 8, and the first guide wheel 28 moves toward the rear glass window of the vehicle V.
When it comes into contact with Wr, the first guide ring 28 rotates around the axis of the shaft 25 in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. rotate in the opposite direction. As a result, the follower 42, which had hitherto been in contact with the cam surface 29, climbs over the stepped portion 33 and comes into contact with the cam surface 30, as shown in FIG. The valve stem 73 is pressed against the main body 4.
Pushed into 0. Therefore, the valve body 76 is the valve seat 7.
2 and the first port 65 and the third port 6
7 is cut off, and the valve body 74 is connected to the valve seat 71.
The first port 65 and the second port 6 are separated from the
6 communicate with each other to form the first mode, and the air pressure source 61
Air pressure from the second inlet 5 of the shuttle valve 53
6 to displace the valve body 57 and open the second inlet 56.
to open. As a result, air pressure acts on the pressurizing chamber 48 of the oil tank 46 to pressurize the working oil pressure,
In the hydraulic cylinder 18, the piston rod 19 is driven to contract, and the lifting mechanism 10 causes the top nozzle 11, the first guide wheel 28, etc. to rise. The first guide wheel 28 rises to open the rear glass window.
When separated from Wr, the cam 31 moves to the first guide ring 28
and the rotation direction 37 due to the weight of the detection rod 34, etc.
The first port 65 and the third port 67 of the switching valve 39 communicate with each other and return to the second state. At this time, the shuttle valve 53 remains as shown in FIG. 7, and the air pressure in the pressurizing chamber 48 is released to the atmosphere, so that the top nozzle 1
1 and the first guide wheel 28 descend. In this way, the top nozzle 11 repeatedly moves up and down.

When the top nozzle 11 repeatedly ascends and descends until it reaches a position corresponding to the roof surface R of the vehicle V, the flexible guide plate 23 directs the airflow to be ejected toward the roof surface R, as shown in FIG. It bends backward and rises from the roof surface R. Due to this bending of the flexible guide plate 23, the detection rod 34 passing through the hole 35 is lifted upward and swung. Therefore axis 2
5 rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow 37, and the switching valve 39 becomes the first mode. As a result, the top nozzle 11 rises and the first guide wheel 28 is lifted off the roof R. As the top nozzle 11 rises, the amount of bending of the flexible guide plate 23, and therefore the amount of upward swinging of the detection rod 34, gradually decreases, and the follower 42 moves halfway up the step 33 between the two cam surfaces 29 and 30. comes into contact with. Therefore, in the switching valve 39, both the valve bodies 74 and 76 are separated from the corresponding valve seats 71 and 72, and the first port 65 communicates with the second and third ports 66 and 67, respectively.
This will be the mode. Therefore, the pressurized air from the air pressure source 61 is supplied to the pressurizing chamber 48 of the oil tank 46 via the shuttle valve 53 while a part of it is exhausted to the atmosphere from the third port 67. As a result, the air pressure acting in the pressurizing chamber 48, that is, the hydraulic pressure acting on the rod-side hydraulic chamber 43 of the hydraulic cylinder 18, is divided into a descending force due to the weight of the top nozzle 11 and a driving force for contracting the piston rod 19 by the hydraulic cylinder 18, that is, the top nozzle. The pulling force of 11 becomes a balanced value, and the first guide wheel 28 reaches the roof surface R.
Hold the position away from the As a result, when the roof surface R is dry, the first guide wheel 28 and the second guide wheel 36 are prevented from coming into contact with the roof surface R, and the first guide wheel 28 and the second guide wheel 36 are brought into contact with the roof surface R.
This prevents rolling traces from remaining.

The gate-shaped frame 1 continues to run and the vehicle V
When the flexible guide plate 23 reaches a position corresponding to the front glass window Wf, the flexible guide plate 23 hangs downward, and the second guide ring 36 at the tip of the detection rod 34 comes into contact with the front glass window Wf, and the guide plate 23 hangs downward. The top nozzle 11 descends so that the plate 23 does not come into contact with the front glass window Wf, and the pressurized air from the jet nozzle 22 closes the front glass window Wf.
is dried.

When the gate-shaped frame 1 reaches the position of the bonnet surface B of the vehicle V, the top nozzle 11
The bonnet surface B is dried in the same way as the trunk lid surface T described above.

As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a gate-shaped frame that can straddle the vehicle to be dried and run along the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and the gate-shaped frame is equipped so as to be movable up and down above the vehicle. a top nozzle connected to the blower and having a spout opening toward the blower; and an elevating mechanism provided at the upper part of the gate-shaped frame for driving the top nozzle up and down between a predetermined upper limit position and a predetermined lower limit position, In the vehicle drying device, the drying air can be spouted from the jet nozzle when the gate-shaped frame runs, and the swinging member is rotatably supported on the top nozzle; a guide wheel that is supported and capable of swinging the swinging member in a predetermined direction by contact with a glass window on one side of the vehicle in the longitudinal direction; The top nozzle is fixedly suspended from the spout, and when the top nozzle is brought close to the upper surface of the vehicle body by a predetermined distance or more, the free end portion is bent by the air flow so as to substantially follow the upper surface of the vehicle body, thereby creating an air flow gap between the top nozzle and the upper surface of the vehicle body. The top nozzle is pivoted to swing in a predetermined direction when the flexible guide plate that can be formed comes into contact with the other glass window in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and is interlocked with the bending of the flexible guide plate. a detection rod that can be engaged with the guide plate so as to swing in a predetermined direction; and a top nozzle is raised when a swing angular displacement of the swing member or the detection rod in the predetermined direction is equal to or greater than a predetermined value; It also includes control means for operating and controlling the lifting mechanism to lower the top nozzle when both swing angle displacements are below a predetermined value. The top nozzle can be controlled up and down by swinging the detection rod in accordance with the bending of the flexible guide plate so that the top nozzle can be held at a height where the guide wheel and the detection rod do not come into contact with the roof surface. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent contact marks from the guide wheels or the like from remaining on the roof surface of the vehicle, thereby improving the finish after washing the vehicle. Furthermore, when drying the front and rear glass windows of a vehicle, the top nozzle can be controlled up and down according to the swinging displacement of the swinging member or the detection rod caused by the contact between the guide wheel or the detection rod and the glass window, so the top nozzle can be moved back and forth. It can be moved easily along the slope of the glass window.

In particular, the flexible guide plate can guide the air ejected from the air outlet to the upper surface of the vehicle, and when guiding it, it prevents air from being drawn in from outside the guide plate to create turbulence in the air flow. Since this can be suppressed as much as possible, the efficiency of drying the top surface of the vehicle can be increased.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a simplified overall front view of a gate-shaped frame, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. Fig. 4 is an enlarged front view taken from the - line in Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a system diagram of a control means for controlling the operation of the elevating mechanism;
Figure 6 is an action diagram showing the vehicle drying process, Figure 7 is the shuttle valve when raising the top nozzle,
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the operating states of the switching valve and cam when the vehicle roof surface is dry. 1... Gate-shaped frame, 5a, 5b... Blower,
8... Running direction, 10... Lifting mechanism, 11... Top nozzle, 22... Spout nozzle, 23... Flexible guide plate, 24... Support member, 25... Shaft, 28...
First guide wheel as a guide wheel, 34...detection rod, C
...control means, A...swinging member, V...vehicle,
Wf...Front glass window, Wr...Rear glass window.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A gate-shaped frame V that can straddle the vehicle V to be dried and run along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle V, and the gate-shaped frame 1 is equipped to be able to rise and fall above the vehicle V, and has an opening toward the top surface of the vehicle V. a top nozzle 11 having a jet nozzle 22 connected to the blowers 5a, 5b; and a lifting mechanism 10 provided at the top of the gate-shaped frame 1 to move the top nozzle 11 up and down between a predetermined upper limit position and a lower limit position. In the vehicle drying device, the drying air can be spouted from the spout 22 when the gate-shaped frame 1 runs, a swinging member A swingably supported on the top nozzle 11; , a guide wheel 28 rotatably supported by the swinging member A and capable of swingingly displacing the swinging member A in a predetermined direction by contact with one of the glass windows Wr in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle V; and the spout port. 22
The top nozzle 11 is fixedly suspended from the spout 22 in order to guide the air flow blown from the top nozzle 11 toward the upper surface of the vehicle body.
When the flexible guide plate 23 approaches the upper surface of the vehicle body by a predetermined distance or more, the free end portion thereof is bent by the air flow so as to substantially follow the upper surface of the vehicle body, thereby forming an air flow gap between the flexible guide plate 23 and the upper surface of the vehicle body. and is pivoted to the top nozzle 11 so as to swing in a predetermined direction upon contact with the other glass window Wf in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle V, and
a detection rod 34 that can engage with the guide plate 23 so as to swing in a predetermined direction in conjunction with the bending of the flexible guide plate 23; control means C for controlling the operation of the elevating mechanism 10 so as to raise the top nozzle 11 when the angular displacement of both is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and to lower the top nozzle 11 when the angular displacement of both is equal to or less than a predetermined value. A vehicle drying device characterized by: