JPH03105170A - Absorption type water cooling and heating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a high-performance absorption type water cooling and heating machine capable of reducing the concentration, operating pressure and operating temperature of absorbing solution by a method wherein a liquid refrigerant pipeline system arranged from a condenser to an evaporator, is provided with a flash evaporator while an absorbing solution pipeline system, arranged from an absorber to a solution heat exchanger, is provided with an auxiliary absorber, making a counterpart to the flash evaporator. CONSTITUTION:A liquid refrigerant pipeline 16, arranged from a condenser 3 to an evaporator 1, is provided with a flash evaporator 17 and an absorbing solution pipeline 18, arranged from an absorber 2 to a low-temperature heat exchanger 6 through a solution pump 9, is provided with an auxiliary absorber 19 while the auxiliary absorber 19 is constituted so as to be a counterpart to the flash evaporator 17. In the flash evaporator 17, the flash evaporation of liquid refrigerant, comming from the condenser 3 and having a high temperature, is effected, the vapor of refrigerant, evaporated through the flash evaporation, is absorbed simultaneously into the solution in the auxiliary absorber 19 whereby the concentration of the absorbing solution becomes very thin, the temperature of the solution becomes higher than the same when it is discharged out of the absorber 2, then, the vapor flows into the low-temperature heat exchanger 6 and, therefore, a low-concentration cycle may be established and the reliability of the title machine may be improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an absorption chiller/heater, and particularly to an absorption chiller/heater having a cycle suitable for improving reliability. [Prior Art] In a conventional device, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 54-5249, the liquid refrigerant coming out of the condenser is not heat exchanged on the way to the evaporator, but is sent to the evaporator in a high temperature state. There was an influx. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the above-mentioned conventional technology, since there is no heat exchanger between the condenser and the evaporator, the liquid refrigerant from the condenser flows into the refrigerant at a high temperature and easily evaporates. As a result, self-evaporation of the refrigerant occurs in the evaporator, generating refrigerant vapor that exceeds the capacity (cooling capacity), and the amount of steam generated by the original evaporation (evaporation due to heating of chilled water) decreases, causing a reduction in capacity. In an absorber that absorbs vapor, the amount of heat released by the amount of heat generated by self-evaporation increases, causing an increase in the concentration of the absorption liquid. A method has been used to return the cooled liquid refrigerant to the evaporator.
However, although it was possible to reduce the concentration of the absorbent flowing out of the absorber, it was at the cost of reducing the coefficient of performance since heat recovery was not possible. The present invention was made in order to solve the problems in the prior art described above, and it is possible to reduce the concentration of the absorption liquid that operates the cycle, as well as reduce the operating pressure and operating temperature, and achieve high performance and reliability. The purpose is to provide a high absorption chiller/heater. [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the structure of the absorption chiller/heater according to the present invention includes an evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, a regenerator, a solution heat exchanger, a solution pump, In an absorption chiller/heater equipped with a refrigerant pump and a piping system that functionally connects these, a flash evaporator is provided in the liquid refrigerant piping system leading from the condenser to the evaporator, and a An auxiliary absorber having the following structure is installed in the absorption liquid piping system leading from the absorber to the solution heat exchanger. In addition, an explanation of the technical means based on the idea behind the development of the present invention is appended. That is, in order to achieve the above object, 1) the liquid refrigerant from the condenser to the evaporator is cooled; 2) Absorb refrigerant vapor into the absorption liquid coming out of the absorber. 3) No heat radiation occurs due to heat exchange. It is necessary to provide a heat exchanger that satisfies these points.

Therefore, a flash evaporator was installed in the liquid refrigerant piping system leading from the condenser to the evaporator, and an auxiliary absorber (no heat radiation) was installed to absorb the evaporated refrigerant air! The above objective can be achieved by providing the flash evaporator and the auxiliary absorption tree as a pair on the absorption wave piping line leading from the heat exchanger (with heat radiation) to the low temperature heat exchanger. [Operation] The operation of the above technical means is as follows. A flash evaporator is installed between the condenser and the evaporator, and an auxiliary absorber that pairs with the flash evaporator is installed between the main absorber and the low-temperature heat exchanger. The main absorber and auxiliary absorber are separate containers or equivalent structures, and have different pressure levels. Similarly, the flash evaporator has a structure in which the main evaporator and condenser have different pressures. In the cycle of the present invention, the temperature of the liquid refrigerant coming out of the condenser is about 40°C, whereas the temperature of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator is about 5°C. Therefore, by installing a flash evaporator between the condenser and evaporator, it is possible to prevent the flash evaporation that occurs in the evaporator in conventional cycles, reducing the load on the evaporator and absorber. becomes possible. Next, it is necessary to absorb the vapor generated by the flash evaporator. If this was absorbed by the main absorber, it would be the same as the conventional one. Therefore, an auxiliary absorber is constructed using the dilute solution with the lowest concentration of lithium bromide that flows from the main absorber to the cycle. The pressure here is higher than that in the main evaporator and absorber, so it has sufficient absorption capacity even for dilute solutions. As a result, the concentration of the solution flowing into the regenerator can be lowered, and the temperature of the solution can be increased due to the absorption effect (the solution temperature is determined by the solution concentration and the pressure inside the container).

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings 1 to 3. FIG. 1 is a cycle diagram of an absorption chiller/heater according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cycle diagram of a general absorption chiller/heater, and FIG. 3 is a cycle diagram of an absorption chiller/heater according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a cycle system diagram showing the main parts of the air-cooled absorption chiller-heater according to the example. First, the cooling cycle of a general dual-effect absorption chiller/heater in which the present invention is to be implemented will be explained with reference to Fig. 2. In FIG. 2, 1 is an evaporator, 2 is an absorber, 3 is a condenser, 4 is a low-temperature regenerator, 5 is a high-temperature regenerator, 6 is a low-temperature heat exchanger related to a solution heat exchanger, and 7 is a solution heat exchanger. The heat exchanger includes a high temperature heat exchanger, 8 is a refrigerant pump, and 9 is a solution pump. The piping system that functionally connects these devices is shown as a solid line, and the direction of fluid flowing through the piping system is shown as an arrow. 10 indicated by a thick arrow is refrigerant vapor, and 1 indicated by a solid arrow is molten H (absorbing liquid).
, 12 indicated by a broken line arrow indicates the flow of liquid refrigerant. Also, 1
3 indicates cold water, 4 indicates cooling water, and 15 indicates heat source. In the evaporation tree 1, a liquid refrigerant 12 is sprayed by a refrigerant pump 8 onto heat transfer tubes through which cold water 13 flows. The cold water l3 flowing inside the heat transfer tube loses heat to the liquid refrigerant 12 and its temperature decreases, resulting in a cooling effect. The refrigerant that has taken heat from the cold water 13 and evaporated (hereinafter referred to as refrigerant vapor 10) flows into the absorber 2. In the absorber 2, the absorption liquid 11 is spread over the heat transfer tube through which the cooling water 14 flows, and the absorption liquid is cooled by the cooling water 14 flowing inside the heat transfer tube and at the same time absorbs the refrigerant vapor 10. Refrigerant vapor 1
A portion of the solution 11 whose concentration has become diluted by absorbing 0 flows into the high temperature regenerator 5 via the low temperature heat exchanger 6 and the high temperature heat exchanger 7, and a portion flows into the low temperature regenerator 4. Both regenerators generate refrigerant vapor 10 and concentrated solution 11, and refrigerant vapor I
O flows into the condenser 3, condenses, becomes a liquid refrigerant 12, and returns to the evaporator 1. In addition, high-temperature heat exchange 7,
The air flows into the absorber 2 via the low-temperature heat exchanger 6. The above is the operation of the cooling cycle. Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.
In Fig. 1, parts with the same reference numerals as in Fig. 2 are the same parts, so their explanation will be omitted. In FIG. 1, 16 is a liquid refrigerant pipe leading from the condenser 3 to the evaporator, and 17 is a flash evaporator provided in the liquid refrigerant pipe 16. 18 is an absorption liquid pipe leading from the absorber 2 to the low temperature heat exchanger 6 via the solution pump 9; 19 is an auxiliary absorber installed in the absorption liquid plumber 8; this auxiliary absorber 19 and the flash evaporator 17
It is designed to be the opposite of . As a result, in the flash evaporator 15, the high-temperature liquid refrigerant from the condenser 3 flash-evaporates, and at the same time,
The flash-evaporated refrigerant vapor is absorbed by the solution in the auxiliary absorber 19, and the absorption liquid concentration becomes very dilute.
The temperature becomes higher than the temperature of the solution when it leaves the absorber 2, and it flows out to the low-temperature heat exchanger Ja6. According to this embodiment, low concentration cycles are possible and reliability is improved. Furthermore, since heat can be recovered from the liquid refrigerant from the condenser 3, it is also possible to improve the coefficient of performance, thereby achieving higher performance of the absorption chiller/heater. Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The embodiment shown in Figure 3 is an application of the present invention to an air-cooled absorption chiller/heater. In Fig. 3, parts with the same symbols as in Fig. 1 are equivalent parts, so their explanation will be omitted. In addition, in Fig. 3, a low temperature regenerator 4, a high temperature regenerator 5, a low temperature heat exchanger 6, a high temperature heat exchanger 4M7
The illustrations of these parts are omitted, and these omitted parts are the same as in Fig. 1. In FIG. 3, 21 is an air-cooled evaporator, 22 is an air-cooled absorber, 23 is an air-cooled condenser, and 20, indicated by a thick broken arrow, indicates the flow of cooling air. Third
In the air-cooled absorption chiller/heater shown in the figure, the same effect as that of the water-cooled absorption chiller/heater explained in the embodiment of Fig. However, it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to a single-effect regenerator. [Effects of the Invention] As explained in detail above, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the concentration of the absorption chamber that operates the cycle, and also to reduce the operating pressure and operating temperature, thereby achieving high performance and reliability. We can provide high absorption chiller/heater.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a cycle system M diagram of an absorption chiller/heater according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cycle system diagram of a general absorption chiller/heater, and Fig. 3 is an M diagram of a cycle system of an absorption chiller/heater according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a cycle system diagram showing the main part of the air-cooled absorption chiller water heater concerning the example.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Evaporator, absorber, condenser, regenerator, solution heat exchanger,
In an absorption chiller/heater equipped with a solution pump, a refrigerant pump, and a piping system that functionally connects these, a flash evaporator is provided in the liquid refrigerant piping system leading from the condenser to the evaporator, and the flash evaporator 1. An absorption chiller/heater, characterized in that a correction absorber paired with the absorber is provided in an absorption liquid piping system leading from the absorber to the solution heat exchanger.