JPH03132533A - Opening and closing type roof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To raise the feeling of opening as well as reduce the cost of power by a method in which a hemispheric dome having a gently sloped upper edge on a planar round outer wall is made up of a crescent fixed roof, a pair of rotary roofs covering the central part, and a pair of movable roofs covering the outside. CONSTITUTION:A planar round outer wall 2 having a gently sloped upper edge is provided, and a crescent fixed roof 3 constituting partly a hemispherical doom roof 1 is provided on the sloped top. Afterwards, a pair of rotary roofs 4 covering the central area of the remaining space and a pair of movable roofs 5 covering the outside part are provided in a superposable manner. The roofs 4 are pivotally supported through a rotary shaft 6 provided to the roofs 5, and the roofs 5 are moved on rails 7 and 8 to open or close the roofs. Also, the roofs 4 are moved along rails 10 and 11 to open or close them. The gravity force of the rotary roofs can thus be reduced by the power of the movable roofs, and the roof-housing area can also be reduced without use of beams for ceiling.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a retractable roof for use in all-weather buildings suitable for athletic fields, baseball stadiums, and the like.

(Prior Art) Conventional retractable roofs generally have a laminated structure in which several layers of roofs are stacked, and the roofs are slid or run in a sliding manner to open and close the top of the building.

For example, you can attach running wheels to the beams that support the roof and run the roof members over the beams, or you can make the beams expandable and move the roof members that open and close as the beams move over a fixed roof. Met.

These movable roofs were designed so that when they were opened, they would be stacked on top of each other to increase the area of the opening. Similarly, in order to increase the area of the opening, it is also being considered to make the retractable roof a folding structure.

Additionally, in order to reduce the moving power capacity, opening and closing are performed in the horizontal direction.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) When beams are left at openings in order to stably support a movable roof constituting a retractable roof so that it can be opened and closed, there is a drawback that the opening lacks a sense of openness.

Additionally, folding roofs require a more complicated roof structure.
Furthermore, there were also problems with the quality and durability of the roof membrane.

The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to provide an excellent sense of openness without leaving any beams in the opening when the roof is opened, to have a simple structure, and to minimize the power required for opening and closing. The objective is to provide a retractable roof that can be opened and closed quickly.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the retractable roof of the present invention has a crescent-shaped fixed roof fL that forms a part of a dome at one end of an outer wall whose plane is substantially circular. At the other end, there is a rotating triangular roof which is divided into left and right sides along a diameter line passing through the center point of the outer wall and the center of the outer periphery of the other end, and which serves as a wing of the dome and covers a part of the central area. , covering the outer area of the rotating roof;
A movable roof for a dome, whose outer edge follows the circumference of the outer wall, and the rotating roof is rotatably superimposed on the opposite end of the fixed roof and moved toward the fixed roof, and the rotating roof is moved from side to side. A fan-shaped retractable roof consisting of a guide rail that extends on the fixed roof in parallel to the central line segment dividing the roof, and a power truck that runs on movable guide rails laid in the circumferential direction of the outer wall and supports the movable roof. The movable guide rail supporting the movable roof has an upward slope toward the fixed roof.

(Function) When the movable roof moves along the guide rail on the outer wall,
The rotating roof is integrally supported with a superimposed pivot on the movable roof, and moves in the direction of the fixed roof while rotating around this pivot point. A movable roof moves to a position overlapping the fixed roof at the other end of the exterior wall. This forms a wide opening in a part of the top surface surrounded by the outer wall.

When closing the opening, the movable roof returns to its original position, and at the same time, the rotary roof rotates in its original direction, and both the rotary roof and the movable roof close the opening of the building.

During these opening and closing movements, the balance between the gravity exerted on the movable guide rail due to the inclination of the movable guide rail and the gravity exerted on the rotating roof due to the curved slope of the dome itself,
The power required to move the roof is significantly reduced by the power applied to the roof or by the force that resists the force.

(Embodiments) Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a hemispherical dome roof 1. This dome roof 1 has a fixed roof 3 that forms part of the dome on an outer wall 2 that stands in a circular plane, and a retractable roof that also forms a dome. It supports a rotating roof 4 and a movable roof 5.

That is, the fixed roof 3 is formed into a convex crescent shape that covers one end of the top space of the outer wall 2, and the outer peripheral edge forming the crescent shape matches the radius of curvature of the outer wall 2. The remaining top space is covered by a rotating roof 4 and a movable roof 5.

As shown in FIG. 2, it passes from the center point on the outer circumferential side of the fixed roof 3 to the center point on the inner circumferential side, and continues in a straight line through the part not covered by the fixed roof 3 until it reaches a point near the upper edge of the outer wall 2. The left and right sides are the rotation points of the rotating roof 4, and the outer side of the opening is covered with a movable roof 5 having a rotating shaft 6 at a position corresponding to the rotation point,
The inner side is a rotating roof 4 whose base end is pivotally connected to the rotating shaft 6.
cover with

That is, the movable roof 5 is fan-shaped, and the rotating roof 4 is triangular in shape, adjacent to the movable roof 5, with its outer surface overlapping the side surface of the movable roof 5, and its tip edge is a convex arc along the inner circumferential edge of the fixed roof 3. It has a curved surface and is located to the left and right of the line passing through the center of the opening.

The movable roof 5 is located outside the rotating roof 4 and covers the outside of the opening.

Both the rotating roof 4 and the moving roof 5 have a convex curved shape,
Together with the fixed roof 3, the dome roof 1 is formed on the top surface of the outer wall 2.

These rotating roofs4. The movable roof 5 is supported by running wheels on a guide track so as to be freely movable, and its plan view is shown in FIG.

A movable guide rail 7 is laid on the upper surface of the outer wall 2, and a guide rail 8 is also laid near the inner circumference of the surface of the fixed roof 3, and the movable roof 5 can freely run on the rails 7.8 with a traveling cart 9. support.

In addition, the rotating roof 4 is parallel to the left and right sides of the straight line that bisects the center of the dome roof, and the dome roof 1
It is supported by a rotary roof support rail 0 extending in the outer diameter direction of the movable roof 5 and a rotary guide rail 11 laid along the edge of the fixed roof 3 side of the movable roof 5.

The 1°2j1 closing action of the roof is shown in Figures 3 and 4, and as is clear from Figure 1, the upper end of the outer wall 2 slopes downward from the side of the fixed roof 2 to the opposite side. and
The moving guide rail 7 is laid with an upward slope toward the fixed roof 3 side in accordance with the inclination angle thereof.

The slope of this moving guide rail 7 also depends on the curved surface inclination angle of the fixed roof 3, or the direction of natural fall that the movable roof 5 receives due to the slope of the rail 7 and the natural fall that the rotating roof 4 receives due to the curved surface slope angle of the fixed roof 3. The directions are opposite, and the slope of the rail 7 is selected so that the respective falling loads are balanced. Approximately 5.5° to 6°0° is considered.

The above slope is the slope of the diameter axis of the dome roof 1 passing from the center of the outer periphery of the fixed roof 3 to the middle of the rotating shaft 6, and the slope of the movable guide rail 7 is determined in accordance with the slope of this axis. That is, the inclination gradient is selected based on the above-mentioned axis.

For convenience of explanation, this inclination angle is shown as R in FIG.

In FIG. 3, the dome roof] is in a closed state, and due to the inclination angle R, the movable roof 5 is opened in a climbing state.

On the other hand, the rotating roof 4 will open in the falling direction.

When the roof 1 opens from such a closed state, the rotating roof 4 rotates outward about the rotation axis 6, and at the same time the movable roof 5 moves along the guide direction of the movement guide rail 7 on the outer wall 2, i.e. It moves along the outer periphery of the dome roof 1 toward the fixed roof 3.

At that time, since the outer wall 2 has an inclination angle R, the movable roof 5 moves in the upward direction, but on the contrary, the rotating roof 4 is guided in the downward direction on the curved slope of the fixed roof 3. Therefore, a force that pulls up the moving roof 5 is acting on the rotating shaft 6.

However, as the movable roof 5 gradually moves toward the fixed roof 3, the rotating roof 4 moves from the top to the bottom of the fixed roof 3, and the force that pulls up the rotating shaft 6 disappears. On the other hand, roof 4
, 5, the inclination angle R helps to start the movable roof 5, and when the movable roof 5 moves to a certain extent, a pulling force starts to act on the rotary roof 4 in the pulling direction via the rotation shaft 6. In any case when the dome roof 1 is opened or closed, it is possible to reduce the power capacity to be applied to the rotating roof 4 by the kinetic force that the movable roof 5 and the rotating roof 4 receive due to gravity due to the inclination angle R.

(Effects) As described in detail above, according to the retractable roof of the present invention, the outer wall and the fixed roof support the retractable roof, and no beams are provided on the top surface, resulting in an excellent sense of openness.

Furthermore, since the fixed roof is crescent-shaped, the inner peripheral edge of the fixed roof is curved outward to make the opening wider.

Furthermore, since the top surface of the dome is constructed such that a rotating roof that opens and closes by rotational movement is stacked on a movable roof, there is an advantage that the storage area when opened can be reduced.

At this time, since the direction of rotation of the rotating roof is greatly affected by the effect of gravity due to the curved slope of the dome, in order to reduce the required power mechanism, the direction of movement of the moving roof is not completely horizontal, but is slightly sloped. Since the directions of the falling movement based on the gravity acting on the rotating roof and the gravity acting on the moving roof are reversed and balanced, both the rotating roof and the moving roof can be opened and closed with a small power capacity. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a side view of the retractable roof of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 3 is a perspective view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the dome of FIG. 3 in an open state. 1... Dome roof 3... Fixed roof 5... Movable roof 7... Moving guide rail 9... Traveling trolley 10... Rotating roof support rail 11...Rotating guide rail 2...Outer wall 4...Rotating roof 6...Rotating shaft 8...Guiding rail R... Tilt angle

Claims (1)

[Claims] A crescent-shaped fixed roof forming part of a dome is formed at one end of an outer wall whose plane is approximately circular, and at the other end there is a diametric line passing through the center point of the outer wall and the center of the outer periphery of the other end. A triangular rotating roof that is divided into left and right sides along the dome and covers a part of the central area and serves as one wing of the dome, and a triangular rotating roof that covers the outer area of the rotating roof and whose outer edge is the circumference of the outer wall. a movable roof for a dome that moves toward the fixed roof by rotatably superimposing the rotating roof at the opposite end of the fixed roof, and a central line segment that divides the rotating roof into left and right sides. A fan-shaped retractable roof is constructed of a guide rail that extends on the fixed roof in parallel with the movable roof, and a power truck that runs on a movable guide rail laid in the circumferential direction of the outer wall and supports the movable roof. A retractable roof, characterized in that the movable guide rail supporting the movable roof has an upward slope toward the fixed roof.