JPH03148033A - Apparatus and method for measuring oscillation characteristic - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for measuring oscillation characteristic

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Publication number
JPH03148033A
JPH03148033A JP1287505A JP28750589A JPH03148033A JP H03148033 A JPH03148033 A JP H03148033A JP 1287505 A JP1287505 A JP 1287505A JP 28750589 A JP28750589 A JP 28750589A JP H03148033 A JPH03148033 A JP H03148033A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
piezoelectric element
measured
section
voltage
excitation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP1287505A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshihisa Takayama
佳久 高山
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Corp filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Priority to JP1287505A priority Critical patent/JPH03148033A/en
Publication of JPH03148033A publication Critical patent/JPH03148033A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to measure the oscillation of a minute body highly accurately by providing an exciting part comprising a piezoelectric element and a voltage applying part, and providing a means for detecting strain based on the expanding and contracting amounts of the piezoelectric element. CONSTITUTION:A material to be measured W is elastically held with a plurality of springs 5 between a pair of fixing members 4 in a material-under-measurement holding part 1. An exciting part 2 comprises a rod-shaped piezoelectric element 8 wherein a contact part 9 is attached to the tip part so that the part 9 can be freely attached and removed and a strain gage 10 is attached to the side part. A displacement detecting part comprises a displacement sensor 13 which is provided in close proximity to the material to be measured W and an amplifier 14 for the displacement signal SD. A pad part 11b is brought into contact with the material to be measured W, and a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element 8. The element 8 is elongated in the direction of an arrow 6, and the force induces the oscillation of the material to be measured W through the pad part 11b. The oscillation is detected with the sensor 13, and the signal is outputted to an oscillation analyzing device 20. thus, the oscillation of the minute body can be measured highly accurately.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [発明の目的] (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は、機械構造解析のためのインパルス応答法を利
用した振動特性測定装置及び振動特性測定方法に関する
。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a vibration characteristic measuring device and a vibration characteristic measuring method using an impulse response method for mechanical structural analysis.

(従来の技術) 一般に、機械構造解析のためいインパルス応答法に用い
られるインパクトハンマーには、ロードセル(荷重計)
が取付けられている。そして、このロードセルにより測
定された加重波形と加速度波形から機械インピーダンス
が求まる。
(Prior art) Generally, impact hammers used in the impulse response method for mechanical structural analysis are equipped with a load cell (load cell).
is installed. Then, mechanical impedance is determined from the weight waveform and acceleration waveform measured by this load cell.

(発明が解決しようとする課題) ところで、この方式のインパクトハンマーは、従来、そ
の柄が短くても10cm位あり、これを手にもって被測
定物を叩いている。しかしながら、このように手を使っ
て被測定物を叩く方法は、毎回、インパクトハンマーに
より被測定物に与える力の大きさが異なることはもとよ
り、2度叩きしやすい欠点をもっている。そこで、被測
定物に与える力の大きさを一定にしようとすると、高度
の熟練を要する。また、インパクトハンマーで被測定物
を叩くための相当のスペースを必要とし、このスペース
がないときにはインパクトハンマーを使うことができな
い。
(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Conventionally, this type of impact hammer has a short handle of about 10 cm, and is held in the hand to hit the object to be measured. However, this method of hitting the object to be measured using the hand has the disadvantage that not only the magnitude of the force applied to the object by the impact hammer differs each time, but also that the object is likely to be hit twice. Therefore, a high degree of skill is required to maintain a constant amount of force applied to the object to be measured. Furthermore, a considerable amount of space is required for hitting the object to be measured with the impact hammer, and if this space is not available, the impact hammer cannot be used.

本発明は、上記事情を勘案してなされたもので、熟練を
要すること無く、手軽に振動特性を測定することの出来
る振動特性測定装置及び振動特性測定方法を提供するこ
とを目的とする。
The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration characteristic measuring device and a vibration characteristic measuring method that can easily measure vibration characteristics without requiring any skill.

〔発明の構成〕[Structure of the invention]

(課題を解決するための手段と作用) 本発明は、手を使ってインパクトハンマーで被測定物を
叩くのでなく、圧電素子を利用して被測定物を叩くよう
にしているので、熟練を要することなく、かつ、手を使
う場合のように大きなスペースを必要とすることなく、
被測定物に所望の(3) 力を付加することができる。したがって、微小物体の機
械構造解析のための振動測定を高精度に行うことができ
るようになるとともに、測定能率の向上にも役に立つ。
(Means and effects for solving the problem) The present invention uses a piezoelectric element to hit the object to be measured, instead of using the hand to hit the object with an impact hammer, so it requires skill. and without requiring a large space like using your hands.
Desired (3) force can be applied to the object to be measured. Therefore, vibration measurement for analyzing the mechanical structure of minute objects can be performed with high precision, and it is also useful for improving measurement efficiency.

(実施例) 以下、本発明の一実施例を図面を参照して詳述する。(Example) Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

第1図は、この実施例の振動特性測定装置(M)を示し
ている。この振動特性測定装置(M)は、被測定物(W
)を保持する被測定物保持部(1)と、この被測定物保
持部(1)に保持された被測定物(W)に一定の力(P
)を付加する加振部(2)と、この加振部(2)により
加えられた力Fにより誘起された振動を検出する変位検
出部(3)とからなっている。
FIG. 1 shows the vibration characteristic measuring device (M) of this embodiment. This vibration characteristic measuring device (M) is a device to be measured (W).
), and a constant force (P
), and a displacement detecting section (3) that detects vibrations induced by the force F applied by the vibrating section (2).

しかして、被測定物保持部(1)は、一対の固定部材(
4) 、 (4)と、これら一対の固定部材(4) 、
 (4)間に被測定物(If)を弾性的に保持する複数
本のばね(5)・・・とからなっている。一方、加振部
(2)は、上下方向(矢印(6)方向)に昇降自在に設
けられた保持手段(7)と、この保持手段(7)に保持
され(4) た棒状の圧電素子(8》と、この圧電素子(8)の先端
部に着脱自在に取付けられた当接体(9)と、この圧電
素子(8)の側部に取付けられた歪ゲージ(10)と、
この歪ゲージ(10)に電気的に接続された電圧検出部
(■1)と、上記圧電素子(8)に電気的に接続された
電圧印加部(l2)とからなっている。しかして、当接
体(9)は、キャップ状をなし圧電素子(8)の先端部
に嵌合・固定される本体部(lla)と、この本体部(
lla)の先端に一体的に連結されたパッド部(llb
)とからなっている。そして、パッド部(llb)は、
測定物(V)の材質に対応して例えばゴム、プラスチッ
ク等からなっている。他方、変位検出部(3)は、被測
定物保持部(1)に保持された被測定物(w)に近接し
て設けられた変位センサ(l3)と、この変位センサ(
l3)から出力された変位信号(SD)を増幅する増幅
器(l4)とからなっている。
Therefore, the object holding part (1) has a pair of fixing members (
4), (4) and these pair of fixing members (4),
(4) A plurality of springs (5) that elastically hold the object to be measured (If) between them. On the other hand, the vibrating part (2) includes a holding means (7) provided to be able to move up and down in the vertical direction (arrow (6) direction), and a rod-shaped piezoelectric element (4) held by the holding means (7). (8), a contact body (9) detachably attached to the tip of the piezoelectric element (8), and a strain gauge (10) attached to the side of the piezoelectric element (8);
It consists of a voltage detection section (1) electrically connected to the strain gauge (10) and a voltage application section (12) electrically connected to the piezoelectric element (8). Thus, the contact body (9) includes a main body (lla) which has a cap shape and is fitted and fixed to the tip of the piezoelectric element (8),
The pad part (llb) is integrally connected to the tip of the pad part (lla).
). And the pad part (llb) is
It is made of rubber, plastic, etc., depending on the material of the object (V) to be measured. On the other hand, the displacement detection section (3) includes a displacement sensor (l3) provided close to the object to be measured (w) held by the object holding section (1), and a displacement sensor (l3) provided close to the object to be measured (w) held by the object holding section (1)
and an amplifier (l4) that amplifies the displacement signal (SD) output from the output terminal (l3).

つぎに、上記構成の振動特性測定装置(M)を用いたこ
の実施例の振動特性測定方法について述べる。
Next, a vibration characteristic measuring method of this embodiment using the vibration characteristic measuring device (M) having the above-mentioned configuration will be described.

まず、第2図に示すように、振動特性測定装置(M)を
、その圧電素子(8)の長手方向が水平方向となるよう
に設置する。そして、当接銃体(9)の先端部に、固定
部材(C)に複数本の糸(15)・・・を介して遊動自
在に垂設された錘(16)を接触させる。
First, as shown in FIG. 2, the vibration characteristic measuring device (M) is installed so that the longitudinal direction of its piezoelectric element (8) is in the horizontal direction. Then, a weight (16) freely movably suspended from the fixing member (C) via a plurality of threads (15) is brought into contact with the tip of the abutting gun body (9).

この錘(16)は、その質量mは、あらかじめわがって
いるものを用いる。また、この錘(1G)には、加速度
計(17)が取付けられている。ついで、電圧印加部(
12)により電圧Vlを圧電素子(8)に印加する。
The mass m of this weight (16) is determined in advance. Further, an accelerometer (17) is attached to this weight (1G). Next, the voltage application section (
12) applies voltage Vl to the piezoelectric element (8).

すると、圧電素子(8)は、矢印(18)方向に伸長し
、力F1が錘(16)に付加される。このときの加速度
計(17)の計測値をaとすると、力F1は、次式■で
求めることができる。すなわち、 Fl−mXa       ■ しかして、圧電素子(8)の矢印(18)方向の伸長に
対応して歪ゲージ(1o)も歪む。その結果、歪ゲージ
(10)からは、このときの歪に対応した大きさの電圧
v2を有する歪信号ssが電圧検出部(11)に入力し
、電圧v2が検出される。このときの電圧V2と力F1
とは、リニアな関数関係を有しているので、次式■が成
立する。
Then, the piezoelectric element (8) expands in the direction of the arrow (18), and force F1 is applied to the weight (16). Assuming that the measured value of the accelerometer (17) at this time is a, the force F1 can be determined by the following equation (2). That is, Fl-mXa 2 However, the strain gauge (1o) is also distorted in response to the expansion of the piezoelectric element (8) in the direction of the arrow (18). As a result, a strain signal ss having a voltage v2 corresponding to the strain at this time is input from the strain gauge (10) to the voltage detection section (11), and the voltage v2 is detected. Voltage V2 and force F1 at this time
has a linear functional relationship, so the following equation (2) holds true.

Fl−δXV2       ■ ただし、δは、定数である。したがって、式■に基づい
て、電圧■2を求めることにより、力F1を知ることが
できる。そこで、電圧v2を得るために必要な圧電素子
(8)への印加電圧V】をあらかじめ求めておきさえす
れば、所望の力F1を性格に求めることができる。とく
に、一定の力Plrを得るには、印加電圧Vlを所定の
値Vlrに固定すればよい。
Fl-δXV2 ■ However, δ is a constant. Therefore, the force F1 can be found by finding the voltage (2) based on the formula (2). Therefore, as long as the voltage V] applied to the piezoelectric element (8) required to obtain the voltage v2 is determined in advance, the desired force F1 can be accurately determined. In particular, in order to obtain a constant force Plr, the applied voltage Vl may be fixed to a predetermined value Vlr.

かくして、以上のような構成作業が終わると、振動特性
測定装置(M)を再び第1図に示すように配設する。そ
して、被測定物保持部(1)に保持された被測定物(w
)にパッド部(Llb)を接触させる。
After completing the configuration work as described above, the vibration characteristic measuring device (M) is again arranged as shown in FIG. Then, the object to be measured (w
) is brought into contact with the pad portion (Llb).

なお、この被測定物(W)には、変位センサ(13)が
感応する検出マーク(D)・・・が設けられている。つ
いで、電圧印加部(12)により電圧Vlrを圧電素子
(8)に印加する。すると、圧電素子(8)は、矢印(
8)方向に伸長し、力Plrが当接体(9)のパッド部
(Ilb’)を介して被Δ−」定物(v)に付加される
。その結果、被測定物(W)には、振動が誘起される。
Note that the object to be measured (W) is provided with detection marks (D) that are sensitive to the displacement sensor (13). Then, a voltage Vlr is applied to the piezoelectric element (8) by the voltage application section (12). Then, the piezoelectric element (8) moves as shown by the arrow (
8), and a force Plr is applied to the object (v) through the pad portion (Ilb') of the abutting body (9). As a result, vibrations are induced in the object to be measured (W).

(7) この振動に追動する検出マーク(D)・・・の振動は、
変位センサ(13)により検出され、変位信号(SD)
が増幅器(14)を経由して外部の振動解析装置(20
)に出力される。
(7) The vibration of the detection mark (D)... that follows this vibration is
Detected by displacement sensor (13), displacement signal (SD)
is connected to an external vibration analysis device (20) via an amplifier (14).
) is output.

以上のように、この実施例においては、手を使ってイン
パクトハンマーで被測定物(W)を叩くのでなく、圧電
素子(8)を利用して被測定物<W>を叩くようにして
いるので、熟練を要することなく、かつ、手を使う場合
のように大きなスペースを必要とすることなく、被測定
物mに所望の力を付加することができる。とくに、錘(
16)に取付けられた加速度計(17)により被測定物
(W)に付加される力を測定できるので、同一の振動を
得るための再現性が著しく高まる。したがって、微小物
体の機械構造解析のための振動測定を高精度に行うこと
ができるようになるとともに、測定能率の向上にも役に
立つ。
As described above, in this embodiment, the piezoelectric element (8) is used to hit the object to be measured (W) instead of using the hand to hit the object to be measured (W) with an impact hammer. Therefore, a desired force can be applied to the object to be measured m without requiring skill and without requiring a large space unlike when using hands. In particular, the weight (
Since the force applied to the object to be measured (W) can be measured by the accelerometer (17) attached to the device (16), the reproducibility for obtaining the same vibration is significantly increased. Therefore, vibration measurement for analyzing the mechanical structure of minute objects can be performed with high precision, and it is also useful for improving measurement efficiency.

なお、上記実施例においては、被測定物を上から下に向
って叩いているが、叩く方向は、下からでも、真横から
でもよく、その方向に制約されな(8) い。また、パッド部(llb)の材質は、被測定物の材
質に合わせて、適宜変更してよい。さらに、歪ゲージの
数も例えば4個などのように適宜変更してよい。
In the above embodiment, the object to be measured is struck from above to below, but the direction of striking may be from below or directly from the side, and is not limited to that direction (8). Further, the material of the pad portion (llb) may be changed as appropriate depending on the material of the object to be measured. Furthermore, the number of strain gauges may be changed as appropriate, for example to four.

[発明の効果] 本発明は、手を使ってインパクトハンマーで被測定物を
叩くのでなく、圧電素子を利用して被測定物を叩くよう
にしているので、熟練を要することなく、かつ、手を使
う場合のように大きなスベスを必要とすることなく、被
測定物に所望の力を付加することができる。とくに、錘
に取付けられた加速度計により被測定物に付加される力
を測定できるので、同一の振動を得るための再現性が著
しく高まる。したがって、微小物体の機械構造解析のた
めの振動測定を高精度に行うことができるようになると
ともに、測定能率の向上にも役に立つ。
[Effects of the Invention] The present invention uses a piezoelectric element to hit the object to be measured, instead of hitting the object with an impact hammer using the hand. It is possible to apply the desired force to the object to be measured without requiring a large amount of smoothness, unlike when using a . In particular, since the force applied to the object to be measured can be measured using an accelerometer attached to the weight, the reproducibility for obtaining the same vibration is significantly increased. Therefore, vibration measurement for analyzing the mechanical structure of minute objects can be performed with high precision, and it is also useful for improving measurement efficiency.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本説明の一実施例の振動特性測定装置の構成図
、第2図は本発明の一実施例の振動特性測定方法の説明
図である。 (1):被測定物保持部、(2):加振部、(3):変
位検出部、(8):圧電素子、(10):歪ゲジ、(w
)1被測定物
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vibration characteristic measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a vibration characteristic measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention. (1): Measured object holding section, (2): Vibration section, (3): Displacement detection section, (8): Piezoelectric element, (10): Strain gauge, (w
)1 Object to be measured

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)被測定物を保持する被測定物保持部と、この被測
定物保持部に保持された被測定物に加振力を付加する加
振部と、この加振部により加えられた加振力により誘起
された振動を検出する変位検出部とを具備し、上記加振
部は、一端部が上記被測定物に接離自在に設けられた圧
電素子と、この圧電素子に電圧を印加し上記接離方向に
伸縮させる電圧印加部と、上記圧電素子に取り付けられ
上記圧電素子の伸縮量を電気信号に変換する歪検出手段
とからなることを特徴とする振動特性測定装置。
(1) An object holding section that holds an object to be measured, an excitation section that applies an excitation force to the object held in the object holding section, and an excitation force applied by this excitation section. a displacement detection section that detects vibrations induced by vibration force; A vibration characteristic measuring device comprising: a voltage applying section that causes the piezoelectric element to expand and contract in the approaching and separating directions; and a strain detecting means that is attached to the piezoelectric element and converts the amount of expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric element into an electrical signal.
(2)圧電素子の上記被測定物に接離する一端部には上
記被測定物に直接当接する当接体が着脱自在に設けられ
ていることを特徴とする請求項(1)記載の振動特性測
定装置。
(2) The vibration according to claim (1), characterized in that a contact body that directly contacts the object to be measured is removably provided at one end of the piezoelectric element that contacts and separates from the object to be measured. Characteristic measuring device.
(3)被測定物を保持する被測定物保持部と、この被測
定物保持部に保持された被測定物に加振力を付加する加
振部と、この加振動部により加えられた加振力により誘
起された振動を検出する変位検出部とを有し、上記加振
部は、一端部が上記被測定物に接離自在に設けられた圧
電素子と、この圧電素子に電圧を印加し上記接離方向に
伸縮させる電圧印加部と、上記圧電素子に取り付けられ
た上記圧電素子の伸縮量を電気信号に変換する歪検出手
段とからなる振動特性測定装置により上記被測定物の振
動特性を測定する振動特性測定方法において、上記被測
定物と上記圧電素子との間に、力検出手段が取付けられ
且つ予め質量が分かっている錘を介挿する第1工程と、
上記圧電素子に上記電圧印加部から電圧を印加しこの圧
電素子により上記錘を加振する第2工程と、この第2工
程における上記力検出手段及び上記歪検出手段からの出
力値に基づいて上記電圧印加部からの電圧値と上記圧電
素子により加えられた加振力とに関係を求める第3工程
と、この第3工程において求められた上記電圧印加部か
らの電圧値と上記圧電素子により加えられた加振力との
関係に基づいて上記圧電素子により上記被測定物を所定
の加振力で加振する第4工程とを具備することを特徴と
する振動特性測定方法。
(3) An object-to-be-measured holder that holds an object to be measured, an excitation section that applies an excitation force to the object held by the object-to-be-measured holder, and an excitation force applied by this excitation section. a displacement detecting section that detects vibrations induced by vibration force, and the vibrating section includes a piezoelectric element whose one end is movable toward and away from the object to be measured, and a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element. The vibration characteristics of the object to be measured are determined by a vibration characteristic measuring device comprising a voltage applying section that expands and contracts in the approaching and separating directions, and a strain detecting means that converts the amount of expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric element attached to the piezoelectric element into an electrical signal. A first step of inserting a weight having a force detection means and whose mass is known in advance between the object to be measured and the piezoelectric element;
a second step of applying a voltage to the piezoelectric element from the voltage applying section and vibrating the weight with the piezoelectric element; a third step of determining the relationship between the voltage value from the voltage application section and the excitation force applied by the piezoelectric element; and a fourth step of exciting the object to be measured with a predetermined excitation force using the piezoelectric element based on the relationship with the excitation force obtained.
JP1287505A 1989-11-06 1989-11-06 Apparatus and method for measuring oscillation characteristic Pending JPH03148033A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1287505A JPH03148033A (en) 1989-11-06 1989-11-06 Apparatus and method for measuring oscillation characteristic

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1287505A JPH03148033A (en) 1989-11-06 1989-11-06 Apparatus and method for measuring oscillation characteristic

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Cited By (3)

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WO2007069336A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Fujitsu Limited Impact test device
CN103308270A (en) * 2013-06-04 2013-09-18 江苏万工科技集团有限公司 Measuring method and device thereof for dynamic characteristics of negative open system
JP2015017969A (en) * 2013-07-08 2015-01-29 ザ・ボーイング・カンパニーTheBoeing Company Modal impact testing assembly, system and method

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007069336A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Fujitsu Limited Impact test device
JPWO2007069336A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2009-05-21 富士通株式会社 Impact test equipment
US7596985B2 (en) 2005-12-16 2009-10-06 Fujitsu Limited Impact test apparatus
CN103308270A (en) * 2013-06-04 2013-09-18 江苏万工科技集团有限公司 Measuring method and device thereof for dynamic characteristics of negative open system
JP2015017969A (en) * 2013-07-08 2015-01-29 ザ・ボーイング・カンパニーTheBoeing Company Modal impact testing assembly, system and method

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