JPH03181386A - Seawater desalting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce energy by equipping a reverse osmosis-type filter, an activator and a chemicals tank and selectively connecting the intake of the reverse osmosis-type filter to both a washing liquid supplying pipe connected to the chemicals tank and the intake pipe of seawater. CONSTITUTION:Seawater is introduced into an intake pipe 11 from a strainer 13 by actuating a plunger pump 4. Seawater is passed through the filters 14, 15 to remove refuse and introduced into a reverse osmosis-type filter 1 via the plunger pump 4. Seawater is made to pure water in the filter 1 and pure water is taken out from an outlet 16. After self-purifying action is finished, a solenoid valve is automatically changed over and filtrate is introduced into an activator 2 via a pipeline 18 and mineral water is obtained. Thereby productivity of water generation is remarkably enhanced.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a seawater desalination device, and is suitable for use in vessels such as large yachts and cruisers, and in situations where it is difficult to secure domestic water or drinking water, such as in coastal areas or remote islands. It is used,
It is possible to provide pure water that is desalinated from seawater and is particularly suitable for drinking water.

Conventional Technology and Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention Conventionally, various seawater desalination devices of this type have been provided, but all of them are large and difficult to maintain and inspect, and they all use an evaporation type. In this case, there was a problem that a large amount of energy was required and the cost was high.

In addition, conventional devices are complicated to operate; for example, when producing fresh water from seawater or cleaning the device itself, it is necessary to manually open and close multiple cocks each time and check before starting the device. However, there was a risk of damage due to malfunction.

Moreover, unless the equipment, which requires frequent cleaning, is not frequently cleaned, there is a problem in that the durability of the equipment rapidly deteriorates.

Furthermore, with conventional equipment, salt and bacteria (bacteria) are extracted from seawater.
Filtered water from which bacteria, etc. have been removed is pure water containing only H and 0. However, pure water with only 11tO is
Although it passes the standards for drinking water, since impurities and other minerals are removed at the same time, the water has a bland taste and is not delicious. Moreover, if left unattended, bacteria will easily breed, and there is a risk that bacteria will enter the pipes through the drinking water outlet and multiply.

The present invention aims to solve the various problems mentioned above.The device itself is small and has excellent durability, reduces the required energy, and water generation and cleaning operations can be performed by simply turning on and off a switch. Furthermore, by mineralizing and sterilizing filtered water, it is possible to provide drinking water that is both delicious and resistant to the propagation of germs.

Means for Solving the Problems, that is, the present invention provides a reverse osmosis filter that filters introduced seawater through a semipermeable membrane into pure water, particles that elute minerals, and particles that have an antibacterial effect. It is equipped with an activator that fills a cylinder with multiple types of particles to activate the filtered water that passes through the cylinder, and a chemical tank, and a plunger pump is installed at the water inlet of the reverse osmosis filter. Connect the pipe to the first pipe for switching the flow path. It is selectively connected to the cleaning liquid supply pipe and the seawater intake pipe connected to the chemical tank through the II magnetic valve, while the water outlet of the reverse osmosis filter is connected to the above-mentioned activator through the second solenoid valve for flow path switching. and a chemical tank, and the plunger pump is driven by a motor that is turned on and off and started and stopped by a water production switch and a cleaning switch, and the solenoid valve, etc. is linked to the switch. The system is configured to automatically control water production and cleaning operations, and when producing fresh water, the water production and cleaning operations are supplied to a reverse osmosis filter, and the water filtered by the filter is passed through an activator to drinking water piping. To provide a seawater desalination device, characterized in that filtered water is introduced into a chemical tank during cleaning, and when a set amount is reached, it is circulated from the cleaning liquid supply pipe to a reverse osmosis type filter. It is.

In the present invention, the activator is housed in a sealed cylindrical body having a water inlet communicating with the reverse osmosis filter at one end and a water outlet communicating with the drinking water pipe at the other end. The structure is filled with a mixture of natural stone particles that have the same performance as ultra-electromagnetic ceramics, and coral sand, which is made from reef-building coral particles.The filtered water that passes through the activator is It is characterized in that it is mineralized by the minerals eluted from the particles, and also imparts a super-electromagnetic ceramic effect and an antibacterial effect due to pure silver, thereby imparting umami and safety to drinking water.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the reverse osmosis filter is automatically cleaned at the end of each fresh water generation operation, and is also cleaned using a chemical after each day's operation. The cleaning operation is automatically switched to without having to press the cleaning switch each time, while the cleaning operation using chemicals is started by pressing the cleaning switch after the day's operation is completed. That is,
In the cleaning operation, which automatically switches after the fresh water generation operation is completed, filtrate water that has been filtered by a reverse osmosis filter is supplied and stored in the chemical tank, and turns on when a set amount of filtrate has accumulated in the tank. A switch is installed, and when a set amount of seawater has accumulated, it stops producing filtered water by taking in seawater, and at the same time circulates the cleaning liquid in the tank to the reverse osmosis filter to clean the internal semipermeable membrane, etc. The cleaning operation is automatically stopped when the liquid in the tank is exhausted.

At the end of the day's operation, a certain disinfectant (sodium bisulfite: food additive) is poured into the chemical tank for maintenance and inspection, and the cleaning operation switch is turned on. Similar to the operation, first, seawater is taken in and filtered through a reverse osmosis filter, and the filtered water is stored in a chemical tank to create a chemical cleaning solution containing dissolved chemicals.After the set amount has accumulated, the chemical cleaning solution is reversely pumped. It circulates through the osmotic filter for chemical cleaning.

Furthermore, in the present invention, a third solenoid valve is interposed between the second ffi magnetic valve that supplies filtered water generated by the reverse osmosis filter to the activator and the activator, and the 311th magnetic valve Piping is installed that connects to the drain pipe, and as a self-cleaning action before use, purified water produced by a reverse osmosis filter is discharged for a certain period of time, providing safer drinking water. .

Furthermore, in the present invention, the operation is controlled by a microcomputer, which controls the entire circuit of the device, and also prevents water pressure from decreasing for some reason or failure of the motor or solenoid valve during fresh water generation operation. At times, the location of a failure is detected and displayed, and all circuits are accordingly shut off and restored. Furthermore, it is equipped with a reset switch that allows all circuits to return to normal after the cause of the failure is removed.

Operation The present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, so that all you have to do is press one switch to turn it on during water generation and cleaning.
All other operations are automated, making it extremely easy to operate and preventing malfunctions.

In addition, the reverse osmosis filter is automatically cleaned after each freshwater generation operation, and if only cleaning is required, the cleaning solution containing chemicals is automatically applied over the necessary time by pressing the switch as many times as necessary. It can be done.

Therefore, cleaning work to remove contaminants such as salt, colloids, and bacteria from the semipermeable membrane of the reverse osmosis filter can be easily performed, and the life of the semipermeable membrane can be extended.

Furthermore, the pure water filtered through the filter is tasteless and prone to the growth of bacteria, but by passing it through an activator, it can be made into mineral water that is both excellent in safety and delicious.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to examples shown in the drawings.

In FIG. 1 showing the configuration of this device, 1 is a reverse osmosis filter, 2 is an activator, 3 is a drug tank, 4 is a plunger pump that can be varied between high pressure and low pressure, 5
．． 6.7 is the 11th, 2nd and 3rd for switching the flow path of the three-way port.
It is a solenoid valve.

The above-mentioned reverse osmosis filter l has the operating principle shown in Fig. 2, and by applying a pressure P greater than the osmotic pressure Po to the concentrated molten acid (seawater) side introduced from the inlet water 01a,
Contrary to the osmosis phenomenon, the solvent (water molecules)
It utilizes the principle that the liquid passes through the semi-permeable membrane 100 and moves to the dilute solution side Y. The semipermeable membrane 100 is made of a known material such as vegetable cellulose, and by passing through the semipermeable membrane +00, salt, germs, bacteria, metals, organic and inorganic substances, etc. are removed from the introduced seawater. Everything other than water molecules is completely separated, and pure water containing only H and O is led to the dilute solution side Y. The pure water containing only H and 0 is taken out from the water outlet tb of the reverse osmosis filter l.

In this embodiment, high-pressure water compressed to 55 kg/C- is pumped to the water inlet 1a by the plunger pump 4, and the semi-permeable membrane 100
The purified water (HtO) that is permeated is sent out from the first water outlet tb, and the water that is not permeated becomes concentrated water and is sent out and discharged from the second water outlet 1c. The performance of this reverse osmosis type filter 1 is that 30% of the amount of water from the inlet water 01a is taken out as filtered pure water from the first water outlet 1b, and the remaining 70% is discharged from the second water outlet 1c.

The activator 2 instantly activates the filtered water (pure water) produced by the reverse osmosis filter 1 by passing it therethrough, making it suitable for drinking water. The activator 2
As shown in Figure 3, the water inlet 2a is at one end and the water outlet 2
Pure silver sintered particles A1 are placed inside the cylinder 101 with b provided at the other end.
Particles of natural stone that have the same performance as superelectromagnetic ceramics B1 Particles made from reef-building coral (coral sand) C
The structure is such that it is filled in a mixed state. The pure silver particles A generate silver ions in water, and due to the antibacterial action of silver, they have the effect of preventing the proliferation of bacteria and making drinking water highly safe. The natural stone particles B, which have the same performance as the upper edge superelectromagnetic wave ceramics, have the ability to instantaneously activate the water being transmitted by superelectromagnetic waves.

When filtered water is activated, it is less likely to putrefy, and the activated water has the effect of excreting waste products from the body, giving vitality, and strengthening resistance to diseases. In addition, the natural stone particles B also have the effect of eluting minerals and mineralizing filtered water. Particles C made of coral sand also have the effect of eluting minerals such as calcium carbonate and turning filtered water into slightly alkaline and delicious mineral water.

Particles A and B of 31]t having the various effects described above.

By passing through the cylindrical body 101 filled with C, the pure water filtered by the reverse osmosis filter l is instantaneously activated due to the synergistic effect of three types, imparting flavor and safety to the water. Water suitable for drinking is taken out from the water outlet 2b of the activator 2.

In the chemical tank 3, a certain disinfectant (in this example, sodium bisulfite and two food additives, 65% purity, 30 g = 0.15
ppm), and the above reverse osmosis filtration 61
The filtered water introduced from the tank 3 is introduced into the tank 3 to become a cleaning liquid in which the above-mentioned drug is dissolved, and the cleaning liquid is subjected to reverse osmosis filtration 'a1.
This system automatically and quickly cleans and sterilizes contaminants such as salts, colloids, and E. coli adhering to the filter, especially the semipermeable membrane 1OO.

The reverse osmosis filter 1 has its water inlet 1a connected to one end of the piping 10 via the plunger pump 4, and the other end of the piping IO connected to a first ift magnetic valve for switching the three-way flow path. 5
is connected to. The ith? It magnetic valve 5 is seawater intake pipe 11
and is also connected to the cleaning liquid supply pipe 12,
The above piping 10 is connected to the seawater intake pipe 11 or the cleaning liquid supply pipe 1.
2 is selectively communicated with. The seawater intake pipe 11 has a strainer 13 attached to its tip, a first filter 14 and a second filter 15, and a vacuum gauge 16.

Therefore, when producing fresh water, by driving the plunger pump 4, the seawater intake pipe! ! through the strainer 13 and the first and second filters 14.15.
After passing through the magnetic valve 5, the seawater is introduced into the reverse osmosis filter 1 through the pipe IO.

On the other hand, during cleaning, the cleaning liquid supply pipe 12 is connected to the chemical tank 3.
The cleaning liquid is introduced into the reverse osmosis type filter l from the pipe 10 through the first electromagnetic valve 5.

The reverse osmosis filter I has its first water outlet 1b connected to the pipe 1.
7, and the other end of the pipe 17 is connected to a second electromagnetic valve 6 for switching three-way flow paths. The second electromagnetic valve 6 is connected to the activator 2 via a pipe 8, a third electromagnetic valve 7, and a pipe 18, and is also connected to the drug tank 3 via a pipe 19. The activator 2 connects the above-mentioned pipe 18 and the water inlet 2a, and also connects the water outlet 2b to the drinking water pipe 20. Therefore, the pure water filtered by the reverse osmosis filter l is transferred to the pipe 17, the second solenoid valve 6, the pipe 8, the third solenoid valve 7, and the pipe I.
After being activated by the activator 2 through 8, the drinking water pipe 2
The water is taken out as drinking water. Also, during cleaning, pure water filtered by reverse osmosis filter I is supplied to pipe 1.
7. The drug is introduced into the drug tank 3 via the second solenoid valve 6 and piping 19. The chemical tank 3 has its water inlet 3a connected to the pipe 19, its first water outlet 3b connected to the cleaning liquid supply pipe I2, and its second water outlet 3c connected to the drain pipe 21.
is connected to. The drain pipe 21 is connected to the second water outlet 1c of the reverse osmosis filter 1 via a drain pipe 22 branched at a branch point P1. Further, from the drain pipe 21, a pipe 23 is similarly branched from a branch point Pt, and the pipe 23 joins the drain pipe 22 at the above-mentioned merging point P3. The confluence point P
A fourth electromagnetic valve 24 for opening and closing the flow path and a pressure switch E are interposed at a downstream position, and a pressure gauge 25 is installed at an upstream end of the confluence point. Further, a pressure regulating valve 26 is provided in the drain pipe 22 at the confluence point P and further downstream. Further, a drain pipe 27 branched at a branch point P4 is connected to the drain pipe 21, and the drain pipe 27 is communicated with the third electromagnetic valve 7.

This device, which has the above structure, is controlled by a microcomputer M and operates automatically, and the user only has to turn on and off the water generation switch A (hereinafter referred to as main switch A) and the cleaning switch B. The system is configured to automatically generate water and clean water.

That is, the motor 27 that drives the plunger pump 4 that supplies seawater or cleaning liquid to the reverse osmosis filter 1 is connected to a main switch A1 and a cleaning switch B, which are operated on and off. 27 is started and stopped, and the plunger pump 4 is operated. The plunger pump 4 is set to a high pressure by the pressure regulating valve 26 during the fresh water production operation, while the fourth solenoid valve 24 is set to high pressure by the pressure regulating valve 26 during the cleaning operation when the switch C set in the chemical tank 3 is turned on. 4 is set to low pressure.

A switch C attached to the chemical tank 3 is installed near the upper end of the tank, and is turned on when a predetermined amount of cleaning liquid has accumulated. Moreover, when the switch C is turned on,
The first solenoid valve 5 operates to communicate the pipe 10 with the cleaning liquid supply pipe I2, the second solenoid valve 6 operates to communicate the pipe 17 with the pipe 19, and the fourth solenoid valve 24 operates to communicate the pipe 10 with the cleaning liquid supply pipe I2. I'm trying to open the way. On the other hand, when the water in the chemical tank 3 reaches an almost empty amount, the microcomputer M stops the motor 27 and automatically returns the solenoid valves 5, 6, 7, and 24. That is, the first solenoid valve 5 is connected to the seawater intake pipe 11.
communicates with pipe lO, and the second f1! The magnetic valve 6 connects the pipe 17, the pipe 8, and the third solenoid valve 7, closes the upstream passage of the fourth solenoid valve 24, and the pressure regulating valve 26 controls the plantar pump 4 to a high pressure. In addition, the drain pipe 2 connected to the reverse osmosis filter l
The fourth electromagnetic valve 24 interposed in 3 has a fixed pressure valve,
When activated, the pressure is automatically set to 5 kg/am'.

Next, the operation of the seawater desalination apparatus will be explained.

When producing water to obtain drinking water, first turn on the main switch A. When main switch A is turned on, motor 27
is driven, the third solenoid valve 7 is operated at the same time, and the plunger pump 4 is operated.
Seawater is introduced into the seawater intake pipe 11. The seawater passes through the first and second filters 14 and 15 to remove debris, passes through the first solenoid valve 5, piping 10, plunger pump 4, and then is sent to a reverse osmosis filter! will be introduced to In the filter I, the pure water (H, O) is taken out from the water outlet 1b, passes through the pipe 17, the second solenoid valve 6, the pipe 8, the third solenoid valve 7, and the drain pipe 2721 for the required time (approx. 10 minutes). In this way, as a self-purification function of drinking water before use, the purified water produced by the reverse osmosis filter 1 is drained for a predetermined period of time to obtain highly safe drinking water.

After the self-cleaning action described above before use is completed, the third solenoid valve 7
is automatically switched, and filtered water is introduced into the activator 2 via the pipe 18. By passing through the activator 2, it becomes mineral water and is sterilized, and the drinking water pipe 20
It is extracted as drinking water. During the fresh water generation operation, the plunger pump 4 is set at a high pressure of 55 kg/cm to suck seawater. The unfiltered concentrated water introduced into the reverse osmosis filter 1 is drained from the second water outlet 1c through the drain pipe 22 and the pressure regulating valve 26, and then drained from the drain pipe 21. To stop the fresh water generation operation, turn off the main switch A, and the cleaning operation described later will automatically begin. When the cleaning is finished, the drive of the 4-7 27 will be stopped, and the operation of this device will be stopped.

In addition to the above-mentioned automatic cleaning operation after the completion of freshwater production, which is performed every time water production is completed, maintenance and inspection are performed after the completion of the production on -day, and as part of this maintenance and inspection, chemicals are dispensed into the chemical tank 3. I am trying to clean the reverse osmosis filter l.

The automatic cleaning operation after each of the fresh water production operations described above and the cleaning operation performed by turning on the cleaning switch B after the end of one day's operation are all performed in the same way, and the operations are simply started automatically or turned on by a switch. It's just a difference in operation. Therefore, to explain the case where the cleaning switch B is turned on, when the cleaning switch B is turned on, the motor 27 is driven and at the same time, the second solenoid valve 6 is operated to connect the pipes 17 and 19, and the pipes 17 and 8 communication is cut off. Motor 2
7, seawater is introduced into the reverse osmosis filter 1 to produce filtrated water, as in the freshwater generation operation described above. The generated filtrate water is introduced into the chemical tank 3 through the pipe 17, the second electromagnetic valve 6, and the 1g portion, and is stored therein. Drug tank 3
When the reservoir liquid in the tank becomes almost full, switch C is turned on.

When the switch C is turned on, the first solenoid valve 5 is operated to connect the pipe 10 with the cleaning liquid supply pipe 2, and
The fourth W1 magnetic valve 24 provided in the drain pipe 23 is opened, and the plunger pump 4 is set to low pressure.

Therefore, the cleaning liquid in the chemical tank 3 is transferred to the cleaning liquid supply pipe 12.
, the first electromagnetic valve 5, the piping IO, and the plunger pump 4 to be supplied to the reverse osmosis type filter 1 to clean the inside of the filter 1 including the semipermeable membrane 100. Most of the cleaning liquid that has passed through the filter l is transferred from the second water outlet 1c to the drain pipe 22 and the pressure regulating valve 26.
, the water is drained through the drain pipe 21, and a part of the water is drained through the semipermeable membrane 100.
The pure water flows through the first water outlet 1b to the pipe 17 and the 27th t! It is circulated into the drug tank 3 via the magnetic valve 6 and piping 19.

When the cleaning liquid in the chemical tank 3 is almost exhausted, the microcomputer M
is detected and the motor 27 is stopped, and the first solenoid valve 5,
The second solenoid valve 6 is operated and automatically returned to the initial position, and the cleaning is automatically stopped.

Although the above embodiment is used for desalinating seawater, it can of course also be used when raw water is river water or tap water.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above explanation, according to the device according to the present invention, the water production switch (main switch) and the cleaning switch, which are operated on and off, are linked with the pond switch and the solenoid valve. Since it uses an automatic control method, water production and cleaning can be easily performed without malfunction. In particular, the reverse osmosis filter, which is essential for this type of equipment, is automatically cleaned after each use, and the water pressure required for cleaning had to be adjusted manually each time in the past. By automatically switching the water pressure, cleaning (maintenance, inspection) can be performed automatically after each use. Yo, te,
The durability of the device, especially the semipermeable membrane, can be significantly improved, the productivity of water generation can be dramatically improved, and moreover, safer drinking water can always be obtained.

In addition, pure water that has just been filtered by a reverse osmosis filter is
It has the disadvantage of being tasteless and dry and prone to bacterial growth if left alone, but with this device, the filtered water is passed through an activator to mineralize it and give it a taste suitable for drinking water. It has antibacterial properties and prevents the growth of bacteria, making it possible to add flavor and safety to drinking water.

Furthermore, since it uses a reverse osmosis type filter, it does not require a large amount of energy unlike the evaporation type, reducing costs. Moreover, the device itself is small, and during installation, all you have to do is connect the electric circuit to the power source and the drinking water pipes and piping, so it can be easily installed in any location. It has the following.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram showing the configuration of the present device, FIG. 2 is a drawing showing the principle of a reverse osmosis filter, and FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of an activator. l... Reverse osmosis filter, 2... activator, 3... drug tank, 4... plunger pump, 5... 1st N magnetic valve, 6
...Second solenoid valve, 7..Third solenoid valve, 24..Third solenoid valve, 27..Motor, A..Main switch, B..Cleaning switch.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A reverse osmosis filter that filters introduced seawater through a semipermeable membrane to pure water, and a cylinder filled with multiple types of particles, including particles that elute minerals and particles that have a sterilizing effect. The water inlet of the reverse osmosis filter is connected to piping with a pump interposed therein, and the piping is used for flow path switching. is selectively connected to the cleaning liquid supply pipe and the seawater intake pipe connected to the chemical tank through a first solenoid valve, while the water outlet of the reverse osmosis filter is connected through a second solenoid valve for flow path switching. The electromagnetic valve is selectively connected to the activator and the chemical tank, and the plunger pump is driven by a motor that is turned on and off and started and stopped by a water production switch and a cleaning switch, and the electromagnetic valve is connected to the switch. The system automatically controls water production and cleaning operations by linking the above, and when producing water, seawater is supplied from the seawater intake pipe to a reverse osmosis filter, and the water filtered by the filter is passed through the activator to the drinking water pipe. A seawater desalination apparatus characterized in that the filtered water is introduced into a chemical tank during cleaning, and when a set amount is reached, the water is circulated through the cleaning liquid supply pipe to a reverse osmosis type filter.