JPH03184720A - Rigid tapping method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable plural tappings at the same time and to improve the processing efficiency drastically, by giving an interpolation pulse to a feeding shaft and plural spindles and synchronizing the movement in the axial direction and the number of rotations of the spindle. CONSTITUTION:An interpolation means 1 performs the interpolation calculation of the depth of a tap and the rotation number of a spindle, outputting it as the pulse distribution quantity Z per unit hour. The shaft control circuit 43 having received a moving command from a processor drives a servomotor 63 via a servoamplifier 53 by the Z part. Similarly, the spindle control circuits 71, 72 having received a rotation command drive spindle motors 91, 92 via spindle amplifiers 81, 82 by the pulse distribution quantity S of the number of rotations. The rotation numbers of the motors 91, 92 are controlled by the feedback pulses fed from position coders 101, 102. An interpolation means 2 performs the interpolation calculation of the gap U of the motors 91, 92, outputting the pulse per unit hour as a distribution quantity U. A control circuit 44 drives a servomotor 64 by the U part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a rigid tapping method, and particularly to a rigid tapping method that performs a plurality of tapping operations simultaneously.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional tapping involves rotating a spindle motor and controlling the Z-axis in proportion to its feedback pulses.

In recent years, tap processing using the rigid tap method has been performed, and processing accuracy has improved.

In other words, it is a method that precisely synchronizes the spindle rotation and Z-axis movement by interpolating the spindle rotation and the two axes at the same time. This improves the accuracy of tapping, and in particular, the depth of the hole to be tapped can be made very accurately. .

The prior art will be briefly described based on the explanatory diagram of tap movement in FIG. The tap 156 is rapidly moved to point M, which is a certain distance from the surface of the machining position, and a spindle motor (not shown) advances while rotating from the tap machining start position R point, stops at the tap bottom Z point, and reverses to return to its original position. Tapping start position R
Return to point and pull up to point M. The movement, direction of movement, rotation speed, etc. of the spindle are controlled by interpolation pulses based on commands from the numerical control device.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, with the conventional rigid tapping method, tapping can only be performed at one location at a time, and it is difficult to shorten the time even when performing multiple tapping operations.

The present invention has been made in view of these points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a rigid tapping method that can perform a plurality of tapping operations at the same time.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention uses a rigid tapping method in which interpolation pulses are applied to the feed axis and the spindle to perform tapping, and the rotational speed of the spindle is A rigid tapping method is provided, comprising an interpolation means for applying a first interpolation pulse according to the feed shaft and calculating a second interpolation pulse determined by the rotation speed and the tapping lead to the feed shaft. Ru.

[Effect]

By applying interpolation pulses to the feed axis and multiple spindles and synchronizing the movement in the feed axis direction and the rotational speed of the multiple spindles, multiple tapping operations can be performed simultaneously.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 4 shows a numerical control device (CNC) for implementing the present invention.
) is a block diagram of the hardware.

In the figure, IO is a numerical control device (CNC). The processor 11 is a processor that plays a central role in controlling the entire numerical control device (CNC) 10.
Reads the system program stored in OM12,
According to this system program, the numerical control device (CN)
C) Execute overall control. The RAM 13 stores temporary calculation data, display data, etc. A DRAM is used as the RAM 13. CMO314 has tool compensation amount,
Pitch error correction amounts, NC programs, parameters, etc. are stored. The CMO 314 is backed up by a battery (not shown), and is connected to a numerical controller H (CNC) 10.
Even if the power is turned off, the data is retained as it is a non-volatile memory.

The interface 15 is an interface for an external device 31, and is connected to an external device 31 such as a paper tape reader, a paper tape puncher, or a paper tape reader/puncher.

The NC program is read from the paper tape reader, and the machine program edited in the numerical control device (CNC) 10 can be output to the paper tape puncher.

PMC (7” programmable machine controller) 1
6 is built into the CNCl0 and controls the machine side using a sequence program created in a ladder format. That is, according to the M function, S function, and 7 function commanded by the machine program, these are converted into necessary signals on the machine side using a sequence program, and the signals are output from the ■/○ unit 17 to the machine side.

This output signal drives a magnet, etc. on the machine side, and operates a hydraulic valve, a pneumatic valve, an electric actuator, etc. It also receives signals from limit switches on the machine side, switches on the machine operation panel, etc., performs necessary processing, and passes them to the processor 11.

The graphic control circuit 18 converts digital data such as the current position of each axis, alarms, parameters, and image data into image signals and outputs the image signals. This image signal is CRT/MD
It is sent to the display device 26 of the I unit 25, and the display device 26
will be displayed. The interface 19 receives data from the toeboard 27 in the CRT/MDI unit 25 and passes it to the processor 11.

Interface 20 is connected to and receives pulses from manual pulse generator 32 . A manual pulse generator 32 is mounted on the machine operation panel and is used to manually precisely position the moving parts of the machine.

Axis control circuits 41 to 44 receive movement commands for each axis from the processor 11 and send commands for each axis to servo amplifiers 51 to 54.
Output to. The servo amplifiers 51 to 54 receive this movement command and drive the servo motors 61 to 64 for each axis. The servo motors 61 to 64 have a built-in pulse coder for position detection, and a position signal is fed back from the pulse coder as a pulse train. In some cases, a linear scale is used as a position detector.

Further, by performing F/V (frequency/velocity) conversion on this pulse train, a velocity signal can be generated. In the figure, these position signal feedback lines and velocity feedback are omitted.

Here, the servo motor 61 rotates the X axis, and the servo motor 62
is the Y-axis, servo motor 63 is the Z-axis, and servo motor 6 is the Z-axis.
4 controls U.

The spindle control circuits 71 and 72 receive spindle rotation commands, spindle orientation commands, etc.
A spindle speed signal is output to spindle amplifiers 81 and 82. Spindle amplifiers 81 and 82 receive this spindle speed signal and rotate spindle motors 91 and 92 at the commanded rotational speed. The spindle motor 91 is connected to a rigid tap (not shown), and the spindle motor 92 is connected to a rigid tap (not shown).
is coupled to another rigid tap (not shown).

Position coders 101, 102 are coupled to the spindle motors 91, 92 by gears or belts.

Therefore, the position coders 101 and 102 rotate in synchronization with the spindle motors 91 and 92,
A feedback pulse is output, which is read by the processor 11 via the interface 110.

This feedback pulse causes the rigid tap and another rigid tap to rotate in synchronization with the spindle motors 91 and 92 to perform tapping.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, interpolation means 1 performs interpolation calculations on the position in the Z-axis direction, that is, the depth of the tap, and the rotation speed of the spindle, and outputs pulses per unit time (for example, 8 m5) as the distribution amount ΔZ.

Axis control circuit 43 receives movement command from processor 11
is the servo amplifier 5 for the pulse distribution amount △Z in the Z-axis direction.
The servo motor 63 is driven via the motor 3. The servo motor 63 has a built-in pulse coder for position detection.
A position signal is fed back from this pulse coder as a pulse train.

Similarly, the spindle control circuits 71 and 72 that receive rotation commands from the processor 11 control the pulse distribution amount ΔS of the rotation speed.
The spindle motors 91 and 92 are driven via the spindle amplifiers 81 and 82 by the same amount. Position coder 101
．． The feedback pulse from 102 causes the spindle motor 9
A rotation speed of 1.92 is controlled.

Note that the aforementioned Z-axis servo motor 63 and spindle motors 91 and 92 need to be synchronized.

This condition is expressed by the following equation.

z-ni-f-8 z: Amount of movement in the Z-axis direction by the Z-axis servo motor 63 f: Tap lead (pitch) S Nissin spindle motor 91.92 rotation speed = constant ΔZ and ΔS are also interpolated so as to satisfy the above equation.

The interpolation means 2 is between p+WU of spindle motors 91 and 92.
Perform interpolation calculation to calculate the distribution amount of pulses per unit time △
Output as U. The axis control circuit 44 receiving the movement command from the processor 11 drives the servo motor 64 via the servo amplifier 54 by the pulse distribution amount ΔU of the interval @U. The servo motor 64 has a built-in pulse coder for position detection, and a position signal is fed back as a pulse train from this pulse coder.

FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing processing in an embodiment of the present invention. The figure shows how taps 151 and 152 spaced apart by a distance U in the X-axis direction on the XY plane perform tapping in the Z-axis direction. Note that the taps 151, 152 are coupled to the spindle motor 91, 92, and the spacing between the taps 151, 152 and the motor 91, 92 is the same.

FIGS. 3(a), 3(b), and 3(c) are plan views of a workpiece subjected to tapping according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3(a) shows the case where the interval U between the taps 151, 152 is fixed, and Fig. 3(b) shows the case where the interval U changes as Ul, U2, U3--. ) shows a case where three locations are processed at the same time and the mutual spacing between the taps 151 and 152 is different.

Note that the tapping command will be briefly explained.

Command N0OI G34ZzRrPpFfSs;N0
02 G34XxYyUu; The N0OI block of the program instructs the tap machining command and its conditions, and blocks N002 and later instruct the machining position. G84 is the tap cycle command, Z is the hole bottom position, R is the machining start position, P is the dwell at the hole bottom (
(pause) time, F is the lead, and S is the spindle rotation speed command. X, Y, and U indicate the position and spindle spacing in each axis direction.

Lowercase letters represent the numerical value of each command. That is, in the block N0O1, tapping is commanded, the tap hole bottom position is 2, the machining start point is point r, the pause at the hole bottom is 9 hours,
The tap lead indicates that the rotation speed of the f1 spindle is S. Block N002 and subsequent blocks indicate that the position in the X-axis direction is x, the position in the Y-axis direction is y, and the distance U between the two spindles is U.

In the above description, two spindles were used, but the present invention can be similarly applied to three or more spindles.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, in the present invention, in the rigid tapping method that performs tapping by applying interpolation pulses to the feed axis and spindle, the rotation of multiple spindles and the movement in the feed axis direction are synchronized, and multiple Since tapping can be performed, the efficiency of tapping can be dramatically improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram for explaining an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of processing in an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 (a), (b), and (C) are diagrams for explaining processing in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the hardware of a numerical control device (CNC) for carrying out the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the movement of the tap. . Pa... Interpolation means Interpolation means Processor OM ・RAM 1 ...- 2-- 1 12--... 3 1-4 1-5 1-6 1.7 1.8 1, 9 5 5 5 4-・ ~ ・CMOS 4・−・ −・−Axis control circuit 4−・−−−・・Servo amplifier 4・・ ゛Servo motor 2・−・−−−・−・−Spindle control circuit 2 ---・
・ Spindle amplifier 2 --- --- Spindle motor 1 --- Tap 2 --- Tap 6 --- Tap

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In the rigid tapping method in which tapping is performed by applying interpolation pulses to the feed axis and the spindle, a first interpolation pulse is applied to the plurality of spindles and the plurality of spindles according to the rotational speed of the spindle. and an interpolation means for calculating a second interpolation pulse determined by the rotation speed and the tapping lead on the feed shaft. (2) The rigid tap method according to claim 1, wherein the intervals between the plurality of spindles are fixed. (3) The rigid tap method according to claim 1, further comprising a shaft for controlling the spacing between the plurality of spindles.