JPH03184736A - Exchange of tool in machine tool - Google Patents

Exchange of tool in machine tool

Info

Publication number
JPH03184736A
JPH03184736A JP32174089A JP32174089A JPH03184736A JP H03184736 A JPH03184736 A JP H03184736A JP 32174089 A JP32174089 A JP 32174089A JP 32174089 A JP32174089 A JP 32174089A JP H03184736 A JPH03184736 A JP H03184736A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
tool
tools
magazine
time
machining
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP32174089A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Toshihiro Tanaka
敏博 田中
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osaka Kiko Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Osaka Kiko Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Osaka Kiko Co Ltd filed Critical Osaka Kiko Co Ltd
Priority to JP32174089A priority Critical patent/JPH03184736A/en
Publication of JPH03184736A publication Critical patent/JPH03184736A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the suspension of a work processing by automatically performing the replacement of a tool placed between a magazine and an arrangement station while delaying the call of the succeeding tool up to immediately before the processing completion of the tool under processing based on the processing time of each tool calculated in advance. CONSTITUTION:In case of the command of an NC control unit being a succeeding tool calling command, the work processing time T1 of the spindle tool fitted to a machine spindle 14 is read from the internal part of the NC control unit or the memory data of an external part device. The time capable of replacing is then calculated based on the read processing time T1 of the spindle. The number N capable of replacing the tools within a replacable time is then calculated. A replaceable number N of pieces is then decided, the succeeding tool calling process is shifted to by omitting the medium in case of N being <=1 and the tool necessary for replacement of a tool magazine 10 inside is decided in case of N being >=1. the shifting is executed by omitting the medium in case of there being no tool necessary for replacement and if any, transmission is performed to an ATC 12 and each driving devices of the indexing of the magazine 10 and the carrier and tool arrangement station 11 indexing, and the tools of the magazine 10 and station 11 are replaced.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、工作機械の工具マガジンと工具段取ステーシ
ョン間の工具入換をワークの加工時間を利用して行う工
具交換方法に関するものである。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a tool exchange method for exchanging tools between a tool magazine and a tool setup station of a machine tool by utilizing the machining time of a workpiece. .

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

工具マガジンから工具段取ステーションに、不要となっ
た工具を返却する場合、または、工具段取ステーション
から工具マガジンへ必要な工具を供給する場合、従来は
、ワーク加工を一時中断して、手動または自動で一定数
の工具を入換る方法をとっていた。また、機械主軸へ加
工工具を装着し終えると、直ちに、NC制御装置によっ
て次工具の呼び出しを行い、上記加工工具による加工が
終了するまで次工具を工具マガジンの工具交換位置で待
機させていた。
Conventionally, when returning unnecessary tools from the tool magazine to the tool setup station, or when supplying necessary tools from the tool setup station to the tool magazine, workpiece machining is temporarily suspended and manual or The method used was to automatically replace a certain number of tools. Furthermore, as soon as the machining tool is mounted on the machine spindle, the next tool is called by the NC control device, and the next tool is kept on standby at the tool exchange position of the tool magazine until machining with the machining tool is completed.

〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕[Problem to be solved by the invention]

従来の方法は、現在、加工中の工具の加工終了までの時
間がとの程度あるかが分らないため、この間を利用して
、工具段取りステーションから工具マガジンへ必要な工
具の入れ換えを行えるか否か及び何本穴れ換え得るかと
いうようなことが全く分らず、やむを得ず加工を中断し
て工具の入れ換えを行っており、そのため、単に操作−
が煩わしいだけでなく、生産性が低下するという問題点
があった。
With conventional methods, it is not known how long it will take for the tool currently being machined to finish machining, so it is difficult to know whether or not it is possible to use this time to change the necessary tools from the tool setup station to the tool magazine. Because they had no idea how many holes could be replaced and how many holes could be replaced, they had no choice but to stop machining and replace the tool.
This is not only troublesome, but also reduces productivity.

〔課題を解決するための手段〕[Means to solve the problem]

本発明は、上記課題に鑑みて提案されたもので、ワーク
の加工プログラムを予め解析することにより工具一本ご
との加工時間を算出し、その加工時間を基に、加工プロ
グラムの実行中、次工具の呼出しを現在加工中の工具に
よる加工終了直前まで遅らせ、その間に工具マガジンと
工具段取ステーション間の工具入換を自動的に行なった
。
The present invention was proposed in view of the above problems, and calculates the machining time for each tool by analyzing the machining program of the workpiece in advance. Based on the machining time, the following The calling of the tool is delayed until just before the end of machining with the currently machining tool, and during that time, tools are automatically exchanged between the tool magazine and the tool setup station.

〔作用〕[Effect]

ワークの加工プログラムを解析して予め算出した加工時
間を基に、次工具の呼び出しを遅らせることによって空
き時間ができ、その時間を利用して工具マガジンと工具
段取ステーション間の工具入換をその都度行う。この空
き時間の大部分は、従来、次工具の待機時間として費や
されていたもので、これを有効利用することにより、ワ
ーク加工の中断をなくし、結果、生産性の向上が図れる
。
Based on the machining time calculated in advance by analyzing the machining program of the workpiece, idle time is created by delaying the calling of the next tool, and this time can be used to change tools between the tool magazine and the tool setup station. Do it each time. Traditionally, most of this free time was spent waiting for the next tool, but by making effective use of it, interruptions in workpiece machining can be eliminated and, as a result, productivity can be improved.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

まず、本発明方法に使用する工作機械の一構成例を第2
図にもとずいて説明する0本図で、(10)は工具マガ
ジン、(11〉は工具段取りステーション、(12)は
ATC装置、(13)はキャリア装置である。
First, a configuration example of a machine tool used in the method of the present invention will be explained in the second section.
In the figure, (10) is a tool magazine, (11> is a tool setup station, (12) is an ATC device, and (13) is a carrier device.

ATC装置(12)は、キャリア装置(13)によって
移動可能であり、機械主軸(14)と工具マガジン(1
0)間の工具交換及び工具マガジン(10)と工具段取
ステーション(11)間の工具入換をNC制御装置(図
示せず)のプログラムにしたがい択一的に行う。
The ATC device (12) is movable by a carrier device (13), and is connected to the machine spindle (14) and the tool magazine (1
0) and between the tool magazine (10) and the tool setup station (11) are selectively performed according to a program of an NC control device (not shown).

そして、加工に直接携わる工具は、工具マガジン(10
)のポット(図示せず〉に収納され、ATC装置(12
)によって機械主軸(14)に装着される。一方、加工
を終えた工具は、ATC装置(12)によって機械主軸
(14)から取りはずされ工具マガジン(10)のポッ
トに返却される。
The tools directly involved in machining are stored in a tool magazine (10
) is housed in a pot (not shown) of the ATC device (12
) is attached to the machine main shaft (14). On the other hand, the tool that has been processed is removed from the machine spindle (14) by the ATC device (12) and returned to the pot of the tool magazine (10).

工具マガジン(10)の各ポットに装着されている工具
は、すべてNC制御装置の記憶装置に登録されており、
与えられた加工プログラムにしたがい、加工に必要な工
具が交換位置にくるように、工具マガジン(10)が割
出駆動される。
All the tools installed in each pot of the tool magazine (10) are registered in the memory device of the NC control device.
In accordance with the given machining program, the tool magazine (10) is indexed and driven so that the tools required for machining come to the exchange position.

また、工具段取ステーション(11)は、複数のポット
(図示せず)に工具マガジン(10)へ供給するための
工具を装着しており、工具の入換時、上記と同様に割出
駆動される。以上が本発明方法に使用する工作機械の構
成であって、次に、本発明方法の実施例を第1図に示し
たフロチャート図をもとに詳述する。簡単のため、フロ
チャートの各ステップには、その順序にしたがってステ
ップ処理を附しである。尚、各ステップ処理は工作機械
のNC制御装置内部あるいは外部装置で行うものとし、
また、使用する工作機械の構成は上述の機械構成に限定
されない。
In addition, the tool setup station (11) is equipped with tools for supplying the tool magazine (10) to a plurality of pots (not shown), and when exchanging tools, the tool is indexed in the same manner as above. be done. The above is the configuration of the machine tool used in the method of the present invention.Next, an embodiment of the method of the present invention will be described in detail based on the flowchart shown in FIG. For the sake of simplicity, each step in the flowchart is accompanied by step processing in its order. In addition, each step processing shall be performed inside the NC control device of the machine tool or by an external device.
Furthermore, the configuration of the machine tool used is not limited to the above-mentioned machine configuration.

まずステップ(1)で、工作機械のNC制御装置から出
される指令が次工具呼び出し指令か否かを判断する0次
工具呼び出し指令でなければ、本工具交換フローは終了
し、次工具呼び出し指令であればステップ(2)へ進行
する。ステップ(2)では、一つ前、即ち、機械主軸(
14)へ装着が完了した主軸工具(現在加工中の工具)
のワーク加工時間 (TIとする)をNC制御装置内部
あるいは外部装置に予め記憶させたデータから読み出す
、咳データは、加工に先立って、加工に使用 するNC
プログラムをIC制御装置内部あるいは外部装置にて解
析し、工具一本ごとのワーク加工時間をシミュレーショ
ンにより求めたものである。そして、読み出した上記主
軸工具のワーク加工時間(T1)を基に、ステップ(3
)で入換可能時間(Tとする)を算出する。入換可能時
間(T)は、工具マガジン(10)と工具段取ステーシ
ョン(11)間の工具入換に利用し得る時間であり、次
式により算出する。
First, in step (1), it is determined whether the command issued from the NC control device of the machine tool is the next tool call command.If it is not the 0th tool call command, this tool exchange flow ends, and the next tool call command is executed. If so, proceed to step (2). In step (2), the previous machine spindle (
14) Spindle tool that has been installed (currently being processed)
The workpiece machining time (TI) is read from data stored in advance in the NC control device or an external device.
The program is analyzed inside the IC control device or by an external device, and the workpiece machining time for each tool is determined by simulation. Then, based on the read workpiece machining time (T1) of the spindle tool, step (3)
) to calculate the exchangeable time (denoted as T). The exchangeable time (T) is the time available for exchanging tools between the tool magazine (10) and the tool setup station (11), and is calculated by the following formula.

’r−’r1−T。'r-'r1-T.

ここでT1は主軸工具のワーク加工時間、T2は次工具
を交換位置に移動するために要する工具マガジン(10
)の割出時間、キャリア装置(13)の移動時間および
工具マガジン(10)から次工具を取出す時間のそれぞ
れの最大時間を加えたもので、予め一定値に定められて
いる。
Here, T1 is the workpiece machining time of the spindle tool, and T2 is the tool magazine (10
), the moving time of the carrier device (13), and the maximum time of taking out the next tool from the tool magazine (10), and is preset to a constant value.

次にステップ(4)で、入換可能時間内に入換し得る工
具の本数、入換可能本数(Nとする)を次式により算出
する。
Next, in step (4), the number of tools that can be replaced within the replacement time and the number of tools that can be replaced (denoted as N) are calculated using the following equation.

NヨT / T s ここで、T3は工具一本当りの入換段取時間であり、工
具マガジン(10)内の工具中、入換に要する時間の最
大のものに設定しである。上記入換段取時間(T3)は
、具体的には、工具マガジン(10)部での不要工具の
取出しおよび必要工具の供給、工具段取ステーション(
11)部での工具の取出し及び不要工具の返却に要する
時間、キャリア装置(14)の移動時間、工具マガジン
(10)および工具段取ステーション(11)の割出時
間等を考慮して、予め一定値(最大値)に定められてい
る。
NyoT/Ts Here, T3 is the replacement setup time for one tool, and is set to the maximum time required for replacement among the tools in the tool magazine (10). Specifically, the above replacement setup time (T3) includes the removal of unnecessary tools from the tool magazine (10), the supply of necessary tools, and the tool setup station (
11) Taking into account the time required for removing tools and returning unnecessary tools at the section, the moving time of the carrier device (14), the indexing time of the tool magazine (10) and the tool setup station (11), etc. It is set to a certain value (maximum value).

次に、ステップ(5)は上記入換可能本数(N)を判断
して、Nが1以下であれば中間のステップを省略して次
工具呼出し処理ステップ(9)へフローを移行せしめ、
Nが1以上であれば次ステツプ(6)へフローを進行さ
せる。
Next, in step (5), the number of replaceable tools (N) is determined, and if N is less than or equal to 1, the intermediate step is omitted and the flow is shifted to the next tool call processing step (9),
If N is 1 or more, the flow advances to the next step (6).

ステップ(6)では工具マガジン(10)内の入換を必
要とする工具を決定する。
In step (6), the tools in the tool magazine (10) that require replacement are determined.

即ち、工具マガジン(■0)の各ポットに装着されてい
る工具はすべてNC制御装置の記憶装置に登録されてい
るから、加工プログラムにしたがい、不要となった工具
を決定しそのポットナンバーを指定する。
In other words, all the tools installed in each pot of the tool magazine (■0) are registered in the memory of the NC control device, so according to the machining program, tools that are no longer needed are determined and their pot numbers are specified. do.

次に、ステップ(7)では、上記ポットナンバーの指定
があったか否か、即ち、入換を必要とする工具があるか
否かを判断し、なければ中間ステップを省略してフロー
をステップ(9)へ移行せしめ、あれば上記ポットナン
バーを次ステツプ(8)へ指示しフローを進行させる。
Next, in step (7), it is determined whether or not the pot number has been specified, that is, whether there is a tool that requires replacement. If not, the intermediate step is omitted and the flow is continued at step (9). ), and if there is one, instruct the pot number to proceed to the next step (8) and proceed with the flow.

ステップ(8)は、上記ポットナンバーの指示を受けて
、工具マガジン(10)の割出駆動装置(図示せず)、
キャリア駆動装置(図示せず)、工具段取ステーション
の割出駆動装置(図示せず)およびATC装置(12〉
へそれぞれ制御信号を送り、工具マガジン(10)と工
具段取ステーション間(11)の工具入換を行なわせる
。こうして、工具入換処理が完了すると、ステップ(9
)によって次工具の呼び出し処理を行い本フローは終了
するが、入換可能工具本数(N)が複数本ある場合は、
フローは再びステップ(6)に戻り、再度入換を必要と
する工具を決定し、以降のステップを繰返す。この繰返
しは、複数本の入換可能工具本数(N)をすべて入換完
了するまで行なわれる。
In step (8), in response to the instruction of the pot number, an indexing drive device (not shown) for the tool magazine (10);
Carrier drive (not shown), tool setup station index drive (not shown) and ATC device (12)
A control signal is sent to each of them to cause tool exchange between the tool magazine (10) and the tool setup station (11). In this way, when the tool exchange process is completed, step (9)
) calls the next tool and this flow ends, but if there are multiple replaceable tools (N),
The flow returns to step (6) again to determine the tools that require replacement again, and repeat the subsequent steps. This repetition is performed until all of the plurality of replaceable tools (N) have been replaced.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明では、工作機械によるワーク加工時間を利用して
不要工具の入換処理を行うため、不要工具入換のための
ロスタイムがなくなり、結果、生産性の向上を図ること
ができる。
In the present invention, since unnecessary tools are replaced using the workpiece machining time by the machine tool, there is no loss time due to replacing unnecessary tools, and as a result, productivity can be improved.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は、本発明方法の実施例を示したフローチャート
図、第2図は、本発明方法を実施するための工作機械の
一例を示す概略平面図である。 (1) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14〉 〜(9)・−・ステップ、 −・−工具マガジン、 一工具段取スチーショ ーATC装置、 ・・−・キャリア装置、 一機械主軸。 ン、 特許出 願人 大阪機工株式会社 代    理    人   江  原  省  吾第 1 図 第 図
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing an example of a machine tool for carrying out the method of the present invention. (1) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14> ~ (9) --- Step, ---Tool magazine, 1-Tool Setup Stitch Show ATC device, ---Carrier device, 1-Machine) Main shaft, Patent applicant: Osaka Kiko Co., Ltd. Agent: Ebara Shogo Figure 1

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)機械主軸と工具マガジン間の工具交換と、工具マ
ガジンと工具段取ステーション間の工具入換を1つの工
具交換装置で兼用する工作機械において、ワークの加工
プログラムを予め解析することにより工具一本ごとの加
工時間を算出し、その加工時間を基に、加工プログラム
の実行中、次工具の呼出しを現在加工中の工具による加
工終了直前まで遅らせ、その間に工具マガジンと工具段
取ステーション間の工具入換を自動的に行うことを特徴
とする工作機械における工具交換方法。
(1) In a machine tool where a single tool changer is used to exchange tools between the machine spindle and the tool magazine and between the tool magazine and the tool setup station, tools can be changed by analyzing the machining program of the workpiece in advance. The machining time for each piece is calculated, and based on that machining time, during the execution of the machining program, the calling of the next tool is delayed until just before the end of machining with the currently machining tool. A method for changing tools in a machine tool, characterized by automatically changing tools.
JP32174089A 1989-12-11 1989-12-11 Exchange of tool in machine tool Pending JPH03184736A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP32174089A JPH03184736A (en) 1989-12-11 1989-12-11 Exchange of tool in machine tool

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP32174089A JPH03184736A (en) 1989-12-11 1989-12-11 Exchange of tool in machine tool

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03184736A true JPH03184736A (en) 1991-08-12

Family

ID=18135917

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP32174089A Pending JPH03184736A (en) 1989-12-11 1989-12-11 Exchange of tool in machine tool

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH03184736A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014079884A1 (en) * 2012-11-21 2014-05-30 Mag Ias Gmbh Method for controlling tool changing operations and machine tool
CN119057543A (en) * 2024-11-05 2024-12-03 冈田智能(江苏)股份有限公司 A horizontal tool magazine control method and system based on servo motor
JP7891580B1 (en) * 2025-10-23 2026-07-16 ヤマザキマザック株式会社 Method for determining tool storage position, program, tool storage device, and machine tool system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014079884A1 (en) * 2012-11-21 2014-05-30 Mag Ias Gmbh Method for controlling tool changing operations and machine tool
US9919395B2 (en) 2012-11-21 2018-03-20 Mag Ias Gmbh Method for controlling tool change operations and machine tool
CN119057543A (en) * 2024-11-05 2024-12-03 冈田智能(江苏)股份有限公司 A horizontal tool magazine control method and system based on servo motor
JP7891580B1 (en) * 2025-10-23 2026-07-16 ヤマザキマザック株式会社 Method for determining tool storage position, program, tool storage device, and machine tool system

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