JPH0318499B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a tamping material for safely and reliably crushing rocks, concrete bodies, etc. Tamping material is said to be a so-called static crushing agent that expands when hydrated or with explosives such as dynamite during drilling, in order to improve the crushing effect of objects to be crushed such as rocks and concrete bodies. This is a container used to close the upper opening after filling with a substance. Conventionally, various tamping materials such as sand, water, clay, rock powder, hydraulic substances, etc. have been proposed, but the crushing effect etc. have not been sufficient. That is, (1) Since the adhesive strength of the tamping material to the object to be crushed is low, the tamping length must be made extremely long accordingly. Further, there is a big problem in the case of objects to be crushed that cannot be made long. (2) Tamping takes a long time, and since the curing time of conventional hydraulic materials is slow, the material must be allowed to sit for a long time after tamping to develop the required strength, resulting in poor work efficiency. (3) To prevent the static crushing agent from causing a flash phenomenon depending on conditions such as hole diameter, rock type, and operating temperature, add a delaying component, etc., and prepare a wide variety of agents depending on the operating conditions. The need arose. The present inventor discovered that in order to solve these drawbacks, it is sufficient to use calcium aluminate or an etrin guide precursor as a hydraulic material instead of the conventional cement-based hydraulic material, and completed the present invention. This is what I did. That is, the present invention provides a tamping material using a hydraulic substance as a binder, characterized in that the main component of the hydraulic substance is soluble aluminum or a mixture of soluble aluminum and an inorganic sulfate. be. The present invention will be explained in more detail below. Soluble aluminum as used in the present invention refers to highly sulfate-type calcium sulfo aluminate hydrate (Etrin Guide) produced by hydration reaction with inorganic sulfate.
3CaO・Al ₂ O ₃・3CoSO ₄・32H ₂ O or low sulfate type calcium sulfo aluminate hydrate 3CaO・
It generates Al ₂ O ₃・CaSO ₄・12H ₂ O, etc. As specific compounds, C is CaO, A is
Al ₂ O ₃ , where X represents a halogen element,
Alumina cement, CA, C ₁₂ A ₇ , C ₃ A, CA ₂ ,
It is an amorphous substance containing C ₃ A ₃ CaX ₂ , C ₁₁ A ₇ CaX ₂ , C ₄ AFl ₂ O ₃ and the proportions of these components. Practical fineness is about 1000 to 10000 cm ² /g in Blaine value, and the hydration reaction rate can be controlled by adjusting the fineness within this range. When it is desired to speed up the reaction rate, C ₁₂ A ₇ or C ₁₁ A ₇ CaX ₂ or one or more of these amorphous forms may be used as the soluble aluminum, and the fineness of the powder may be reduced. On the other hand, any type of inorganic sulfate may be used as long as it undergoes a hydration reaction with soluble aluminum to produce calcium sulfoaluminate hydrate. Specifically, anhydrite, hemihydrate gypsum, dihydrate gypsum, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, etc. are used. Anhydrous gypsum is preferred in terms of strength. These inorganic sulfuric acids are not essential components in the present invention. However, it is preferable to use it in combination with soluble aluminum in order to enhance the tamping effect by utilizing the expansion force when producing calcium sulfoaluminate hydrate. The mixing amount is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of inorganic sulfate per 1 part by weight of soluble aluminum, which satisfies workability and strength development.
That is, if the inorganic sulfate is less than 0.1 part by weight, the initial adhesive strength is sufficient, but the curing time is fast and the tamping operation becomes difficult. Moreover, if it exceeds 10 parts by weight, strength development will deteriorate. The preferred ratio is 0.5~
5 parts by weight, especially 1 to 3 parts by weight. The present invention is a tamping material containing the above-mentioned components as a main component as a binder.
-Water reducers such as naphthalene sulfonate formalin condensates, thickeners such as polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, polyethylene oxide, and retarders such as oxycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, gluconic acid, and tartaric acid, or their salts, and alkali carbonates. Adding a small amount of 30% by weight can give a correspondingly good result, and furthermore, adding fillers such as sand, cement, slaked lime, quicklime, MgO, Mg(OH) ₂ up to about 30% by weight based on soluble aluminum. The tamping efficiency can be further improved by adding the following. Next, to describe the method of use of the present invention, the upper opening is usually inserted into the upper opening after loading the explosive or static crushing agent by pushing it in small quantities or by adding an appropriate amount of water to the above ingredients to give fluidity. Pour into and solidify. However, in order to improve tamping workability and increase adhesive strength with less water consumption,
It is preferable to place the hydraulic material according to the present invention in a water-permeable container such as paper or perforated plastic, and to soak it in water before use. Also,
Instead of a water-permeable container, it is also possible to use a container that is breakable enough to be easily torn during tamping (usually by poking with a stick) and containing the water and paste described above. In the above two examples, the tamping material is encapsulated, which has the advantage that the work can be completed in a short time regardless of the opening direction of the hole. As explained above, the tamping material of the present invention is
In place of conventional hydraulic substances, soluble aluminum or a mixture of soluble aluminum and inorganic sulfate is used as the main material, and according to the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited. (1) Since it develops high adhesive strength in a short period of time, it can be exploded immediately after tamping. (2) The tamping length can be made extremely short. (3) Since the amount of explosives or static crushing agent can be reduced, it is economical and the scattering of the materials to be crushed is reduced. (4) Shredding can be done safely and reliably by using a crusher with low explosive force. (5) Encapsulation allows reliable tamping regardless of the opening direction of the hole. (6) There is no blowout even when performing crushing work with a large hole diameter of 40 mmφ or more using a static crushing agent. (7) Static crushing agents designed for low temperatures can also be used at high temperatures. (8) Since it is possible to reduce the amount of retarding components and hardening components that are added to prevent the gunshot effect of static crushing agents, economical efficiency is improved and expansion power is also increased. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. Example 1 A charging hole of 40 mmφ x 70 cm in length was drilled in the center of a limestone boulder with a diameter of approximately 1.2 m, and after loading a rock crusher (P-6 manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.), the type and length of the tamping material were determined. After 20 minutes, it was ignited.The results are shown in Table 1.In the case of the product of the present invention, the tamping length was
It was possible to crush even 10cm.

[Table] Next, the product of the present invention was placed in a 32 mmφ x 200 mm polyethylene bag, and the bag was destroyed by rapid tamping. The tamping length was the same as in Table 1.
As a result, it was also possible to crush it. Example 2 Material similar to Example 1, i.e. amorphous
A mixture consisting of 1 part by weight of C ₁₂ A ₇ and 0.5 parts by weight of anhydrite was placed in a Japanese paper bag with a diameter of 32 mmφ and a length of 100 mm.
Created an encapsulated tamping material. A hole with a diameter of 40 mmφ and a length of 70 cm was dug in the center of a limestone boulder (approximately 1.5 m in diameter). A crusher "P-6" manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. was set in the deepest part of the hole, and the capsules were immersed in a 1% citric acid aqueous solution for 20 seconds and then packed by tamping. It ignited and exploded 15 minutes after being set up. As a result, it was destroyed even with a tamping length of 10 cm. Separately, after absorbing water, the capsule was placed in a 5 cmφ x 10 cm mold and the strength was measured for 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 60 minutes, and the strength was 70 Kgf/cm ² , 110 Kgf/cm 2 , and 110 Kgf/cm ² , respectively.
It was confirmed by X ^- ray diffraction that the hydrate was composed of a large amount of ethrin guide. Example 3 A crushing test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the type of soluble aluminum and the blending ratio of anhydrite were changed. Separately, after absorbing water, the inner diameter of the capsule is 40mmφ.
×Pushed into a 50mm long iron pipe and measured the push-out load after 10 minutes. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

[Table] Yes.

[Table] * Rapid setting was strong and tamping was difficult.
Example 4 A mixture of equal weights of amorphous C ₁₂ A ₇ (Blaine value 4500 cm ² /g) and anhydrite (Blaine value 6000 cm ² /g) was placed in a Japanese paper bag with a diameter of 28 mmφ and a length of 250 mm.
Created an encapsulated tamping material. Each 1m x 1m x 1m concrete block (compressive strength 450Kgf/cm ² ) has a diameter of 34mmφ,
Holes of 42 mmφ and 60 mmφ were drilled at a depth of 65 cm in the center. For each of these blocks, add commercially available static crushing material (5 kg for normal temperature use containing quicklime as the main ingredient and 2 kg of water).
The slurry obtained by mixing the
When the tamping material was filled to a height of 1 cm, the surface hardened in about 10 minutes, so I immersed the tamping material in water and 30%
After absorbing the water, I tamped it with a taming pin. The temperature was 20℃. As a result, cracks occurred in 12 hours for the 34 mm diameter, 6 hours for the 42 mm diameter, and 1 hour for the 60 mm diameter. The capsules start hardening 1 minute after absorbing water, with a hardening rate of 80 kgf/cm ² after 10 minutes, 150 kgf/cm ² after 30 minutes,
After 60 minutes, a compressive strength of 210 Kgf/cm ² was developed. For comparison, I did it without tamping.
The 34mmφ one cracked after 18 hours, but the 42mm
Slurry was blown out in 1 hour for φ and 35 minutes for 60 mm φ, and no cracks were generated. Example 5 A test was conducted under the same conditions as in Example 4 using a low-temperature static crushing agent. As a result, slurry was blown out from all the holes in the concrete blocks that were not tamped in 20 to 40 minutes, and no cracks were formed in the concrete blocks. On the other hand, the tamped one did not blow out, and it took 7 hours at 34mmφ, 3 hours at 42mmφ, and 3 hours at 60mmφ.
A crack appeared at 50 minutes each. Example 6 Instead of the tamping material of Example 4, amorphous
A similar crushing test was conducted using CA (Blaine value 5500 cm ² ) alone. This capsule starts hardening 30 seconds after absorbing water, and after 10 minutes it has a hardening rate of 182Kgf/ ^cm2 , and after 30 minutes it has a hardening rate of 273Kgf/cm2.
cm ² , and showed a compressive strength of 315 Kgf/cm ² after 60 minutes. By adding 1% by weight of citric acid to amorphous CA, the curing initiation time could be extended to 3 minutes. As for the results of crushing concrete blocks, regardless of whether citric acid was added or not, cracks occurred in about 10 hours for 34 mm diameter blocks, about 5 hours for 42 mm diameter blocks, and about 2 hours for 60 mm diameter blocks.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A tamping material using a hydraulic substance as a binder, characterized in that the main component of the hydraulic substance is soluble aluminum or a mixture of soluble aluminum and an inorganic sulfate.