JPH03185415A - Stereomicroscope - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention includes an objective lens facing an eye to be examined, and a first lens for stereoscopically viewing the eye to be examined through the objective lens. The present invention relates to a stereomicroscope including a second observation optical system.

(Prior Art) Stereomicroscopes used, for example, in surgeries for cataracts and the like have been known.

As shown in FIG. 9, such a stereomicroscope includes an objective lens 2 facing the eye 1 to be examined, and first and second observation optical systems 3 for stereoscopically viewing the eye 1 through the objective lens 2.
．． 4, and an illumination optical system 5 that illuminates the eye 1 to be examined.

1st. The second observation optical system 3.4 includes a zoom lens 6a.

6b and imaging lens 7a, 7b and eyepiece lens 8a
, 8b, and the illumination optical system 5 includes an illumination light source, a condenser lens 9, and a mirror 10.

The eye 1 to be examined is illuminated by the illumination optical system 5, and the eye 1 to be examined can be viewed stereoscopically at a predetermined magnification by operating the zoom lenses 8a, 8b.

By the way, cataract surgery involves incising the anterior capsule of the crystalline lens to remove the cloudiness, but when the cloudiness decreases, light reflected from the fundus of the eye is used to make it easier to see the cloudiness. I'm trying to illuminate that murky light.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, as shown in FIG. The illumination area T1 is shifted from the zero point of the observation optical system 104, as shown in FIG. Then, the reflected light flux reflected at the illumination area T1 heads toward the illumination optical system 105. Therefore, when viewing the crystalline lens 1b from the observation optical system 104, almost no reflected light from the fundus 1a enters the observation optical system 104. , as shown in FIG. 12, the pupil region 1C is observed darkly.

Therefore, if the crystalline lens 1b has turbidities A and B, for example, the turbidities A and B are not illuminated by the reflected light from the fundus, and the observation of the turbidities A and H becomes difficult. In addition, the first
In Figure 1, U and V are the light fluxes that are reflected from the fundus 1a and converge on the clouds A and B, and 1d in Figure 12
is the iris.

Bringing the illumination optical system 105 closer to the observation optical system 104,
As shown in FIG. 13, the illumination area T1 of the illumination light is the luminous flux V
When reaching the vicinity of the 0 point including , out of the reflected light fluxes reflected by the illumination area T in FIG. Therefore, the pupil area 1c seen from the observation optical system 104 is the 14th
As shown in the figure, area G containing turbidity A is dark, but turbidity B
The area Q including the area becomes bright.

When the optical axis 105a of the illumination optical system 105 and the optical axis 104a of the observation optical system 104 are made coincident, most of the reflected light beam reflected at the illumination area T1 shown in FIG. 15 enters the observation optical system 104. Therefore, the pupil area IC seen from the observation optical system 104 is the illumination area T, as shown in FIG.
The reflected light from 1 provides uniform brightness.

Therefore, in the stereomicroscope shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, on the objective lens 2, the optical path 5a of the illumination optical system 5 and the first . Optical path 3 of second observation optical system 3.4
s and 4s are different, so when looking at the eye 1 through the eyepieces 8a and 8b of the observation optical system 3.4,
The pupil area IC does not have uniform brightness, and as shown in FIG. 18, in the left visual field, due to inversion, the left side area P+ of the pupil area 1c becomes brighter and the right side area P2 becomes darker. In the right visual field R, as shown in FIG.
The right side area P1 of c becomes brighter and the left side area P2 becomes darker.

In this way, the positions of the brighter portion P1 and the darker portion P2 of the pupil area lc are different between the left visual field and the right visual field R. For this reason, there was a problem in that it became difficult to fuse images in both eyes, making it extremely difficult to perform surgery.

Also, a half mirror H is installed as shown by the broken line in FIG. 9, and the first mirror H is installed as shown in FIG. Second observation optical path 3
There is a device in which the eye 1 to be examined is illuminated from the outside Ha of 4a, but in this case as well, the pupil area does not have uniform brightness, and the pupil is different between the left visual field and the right visual field R. Area 1
The brighter part P+ and the darker part P2 of c are the 20th
As shown in the figure, there was a problem in that it was difficult to fuse images in both eyes, making it difficult to perform surgery.

(Object of the Invention) This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a stereoscopic microscope that can make the pupil area uniform in brightness and make observations in the left and right visual fields. Our goal is to provide the following.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes an objective lens facing the eye to be examined, and a first lens for stereoscopically viewing the eye to be examined through the objective lens. A stereoscopic microscope comprising a second optical system; The first observation optical system illuminates the eye to be examined centering on the optical axis of the second observation optical system. The present invention is characterized in that a second illumination optical system is provided.

(Function) According to this invention, 1. The second illumination optical system
．． The eye to be examined is illuminated around the optical axis of the second observation optical system.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic layout diagrams showing the arrangement of the optical system of a stereomicroscope used, for example, in cataract surgery. It includes an II for stereoscopically viewing the optometry 22, a second observation optical system 23, 24, and an illumination system 25 for illuminating the eye 22 to be examined.

1st. The second observation optical system 23,24 is the observation zoom lens 3.
0, 31, imaging lens 32.33, and eyepiece lens 34.3
It consists of 5.

The illumination system 25 includes a half mirror M, a projection lens 50a,
50b, apertures 54a and 54b, and a condenser lens 51a.

51b, a light guide 52, and an illumination lamp 53. The light guide 52 has guide tubes 52a and 52b that emit light emitted from the illumination lamp 53 toward condenser lenses 51a and 51b, and the intensities of the light emitted from the guide tubes 52a and 52b are the same. It is set to be. The apertures 54a and 54b are in a conjugate relationship with the pupil 22a of the eye 22 to be examined.

The first illumination optical system 60 is composed of the half mirror M, the projection lens 50a, the aperture 54a, the condenser lens 51a, the light guide tube 52a, and the illumination lamp 53. In addition, half mirror M and projection lens S
The second illumination optical system 61 is composed of the ob, the aperture 54b, the condenser lens 51b, the light guide tube 52b, and the illumination lamp 53. 1st. Second illumination optical system 60
, 61 are located between the half mirror M and the eye 22 to be examined. 21st! Optical axis 2 of the sensing system
It is said to be common to 3a and 24a.

Therefore, when light is emitted from the illumination lamp 53, a portion of the light passes through the guide tube 52a of the light guide 52 and is emitted toward the condenser lens 51a. This emitted light passes through the condenser lens 51a.

Aperture 54a1 Projection lens 50a1 Half mirror
The eye 22 to be examined is illuminated via M.

On the other hand, another part of the light emitted from the illumination lamp 53 passes through the guide tube 52b of the light guide 52 and is emitted toward the condenser lens 51b. This emitted light is
The eye 22 to be examined is illuminated via the condenser lens 51b, the aperture 54b1, the projection lens 50b1, and the half mirror M.

The illumination light that illuminated the eye 22 to be examined is the lens 22 of the eye 22 to be examined.
The light reaches the fundus 22c via b and illuminates the fundus 22c. The reflected light reflected by the fundus 22c is reflected by the crystalline lens 2.
2b1 Half mirror Ml Reaches the observation optical system 23.24 via the objective lens 21.

by the way,! 111. As shown in FIG. 3, a part of the optical axes 60B and 61a of the second illumination optical system 60.61 is connected to the first illumination optical system 60.61 between the half mirror M and the subject's eye 22. Since the optical axes 23a and 24a of the second observation optical system are common, the fundus 22c is the same as the optical axis 23a and 24a of the second observation optical system. optical axis 23a of the second observation optical system;
The illumination will be centered around 24a.

Therefore, most of the reflected light of the illumination light is reflected by the crystalline lens 22.
b. Half mirror Ml The light reaches the observation optical system 23.24 via the objective lens 21, and the pupil region 22d seen from the observation optical system 23.24 has uniform brightness.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b), the pupil area La of the left visual field viewed through the eyepiece 34 of the observation optical system 23 has uniform brightness, and the pupil area La of the right visual field R viewed through the eyepiece 35 has uniform brightness. The pupil area Ra also has uniform brightness. Therefore, fusion of images in both eyes in the left visual field and the right visual field R becomes easy, the cloudy part of the crystalline lens can be easily found, and cataract surgery becomes easy to perform.

Furthermore, since two half mirrors M are used, there is no misalignment of the left and right optical axes, which is important in stereoscopic observation, and optical adjustment is simple, making it possible to provide a stereoscopic microscope with good performance at low cost. In addition, in FIG. 4, Lb and Rh represent the iris.

FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment, in which the optical axes so and at of the first and second illumination optical systems 60 and 61 are decentered between the projection lenses 50a and 50b and the half mirror M. A deflection lens (deflection element) 62 is installed to make the optical axes between the projection lenses 50a, 50b and the condenser lenses 51a, 51b parallel. As a result, the first. Optical axes 23a, 24a of the second observation optical system 23.24
and 1st. Optical axis 60a, 6 of second illumination optical system 60.61
It becomes easy to share with 1b. Note that 62a is a deflection lens 62 whose center portion is shielded from light.

FIG. 6 shows a prism 8 instead of the deflection lens 62 in FIG.
This shows a third example using 3.64.

FIG. 7 shows a fourth embodiment, in which the half mirror M can be moved to the position shown by the broken line. The eye 22 to be examined can be illuminated from an angle different from that of the second observation optical system.

As shown in FIG. 8, the half mirror M is movable in the direction of the arrow along guide rails 70 and 71.
At the rear of the guide rail 70, 71 is a reflective mirror 73.
can be rotated in the direction of arrow Z.

Therefore, when the half mirror M is moved to the dashed line position shown in FIG. 8 and the reflection mirror 73 is rotated to the dashed line position, the illumination light is reflected by the reflection mirror 73 and the first. Examine the subject III from an angle different from the optical axes 23a and 24a of the second observation optics 23 and 24! 22, and the test object wi 22 can be directly observed without using a half mirror.

(Effects of the Invention) According to this invention, first. The first observation optical system illuminates the subject's eye centered on the optical axis of the second observation optical system. Since the second illumination optical system is provided, the pupil area can be observed in the left visual field and the right visual field with uniform brightness, and the fusion of Nil between the left visual field and the right visual field is facilitated. Therefore, the cloudy part of the crystalline lens can be easily found, and cataract surgery becomes easier to perform.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic layout diagram showing the arrangement of the optical system of a stereomicroscope according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing the arrangement of the optical system of the stereomicroscope, and FIG. An explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of the second illumination optical system, Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the left and right visual fields of the observation optical system, Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the second embodiment, and Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the third embodiment. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the fourth embodiment; FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the movement mechanism of the half mirror; FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of the optical system of a conventional stereomicroscope; Fig. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the illumination optical system and the observation optical system to explain the brightness of the pupil area, and Figs. 11, 13, and 15 are explanatory diagrams showing the illumination area of the fundus. Figures 12, 14, and 16 are explanatory diagrams of the pupil area as seen from the observation optical system. Figure 17 is an explanatory diagram showing the illumination optical path and observation optical path on the objective lens. FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing bright and dark areas in the left visual field and bright and dark areas in the right visual field, and FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing the illumination area on the half mirror. 21... Objective lens 22... Eye to be examined 23... First observation optical system 24... Second observation optical system 60... First illumination optical system 61... Second illumination optical system

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a stereomicroscope comprising an objective lens facing the eye to be examined, and first and second observation optical systems for stereoscopically viewing the eye to be examined through the objective lens, the first,
A stereoscopic microscope characterized by being provided with first and second illumination optical systems that illuminate an eye to be examined centered on the optical axis of a second observation optical system. (2) The first and second illumination optical systems each include a light splitting element for guiding the illumination light into the first and second observation optical paths, and the first and second illumination optical systems include a light splitting element for guiding the illumination light into the first and second observation optical paths, and 2. The stereoscopic microscope according to claim 1, further comprising a deflection element that makes the optical axis of the second illumination optical system parallel.