JPH03197796A - Shield excavation method and shield excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a shield excavation method and a shield excavation machine for excavating ground through a shield method.

[Conventional technology] The shield construction method is a construction method in which segments are assembled in a circular shape while excavating with a rotating cutter installed at the front of a shield excavator equipped with a cylindrical skin plate, thereby constructing a tunnel with a circular cross section underground. be.

By the way, in expressways etc. built underground, as shown in Figure 7, there are places where one road a branches into two roads S and C, or where two roads S and C merge to form one road A. At the point where it becomes, the wide parallel part d (
(usually around 100I).

Conventional shield excavators can only excavate tunnels with circular cross-sections, so in order to construct the wide parallel section d, it is necessary to use the open-cut method of excavating from the ground, or to excavate the ground in a circular manner as shown in Figure 8. three cutters e,
We had to use a special combined shield excavator with R and Q placed side by side so that they partially overlapped.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, because conventional shield excavators can only excavate tunnels with a circular cross section, it is not possible to excavate tunnels with a cross section that is highly efficient in shape depending on the purpose, and therefore the material However, there was a problem with the amount of soil being removed.

In addition, when excavating the parallel section d using the cut-and-cover method, the construction efficiency of the parallel section d is significantly reduced compared to excavating the individual roads a, b, and c using the efficient shield method. There was a problem.

In addition, when excavating with a shield excavator having three cutters e, f, and g shown in Fig. 8, in order to construct the parallel section d with a rectangular cross section, the remaining portion must be dug by hand, etc. There was a problem that required further excavation.

The present invention solves these conventional problems by excavating a tunnel with a substantially rectangular cross section, and by excavating a wide parallel section with a substantially rectangular cross section using the shield method.
Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a shield excavation method and a shield excavator that can continuously excavate a plurality of branching roads to have a substantially rectangular cross section using the shield method; [Means for solving the problem] ] The present invention provides a shield excavation method characterized by excavating by rotating two cutter arms having rotation centers diagonally in front of a skin plate having a substantially square cross section without interfering with each other, and A plurality of shielding machines equipped with two cutter arms having rotation centers diagonally in front of a skin plate having a substantially square cross section are arranged closely in parallel, and the plurality of shielding machines arranged in close proximity in parallel are provided. After excavating the ground at the same time with the plurality of shield machines installed closely in parallel by the propulsion of the reaction body placed behind the A shield excavation method characterized by excavating a shield excavation method, and a shield excavation machine characterized by being equipped with two cutter arms having rotation centers diagonally at the front of a skin plate having a substantially square cross section.
and a plurality of shield machines equipped with two cutter arms having rotation centers diagonally in front of a skin plate having a substantially square cross section are arranged closely in parallel, and the plurality of shield machines arranged closely in parallel. A reaction force body having a cross section of a plurality of aircraft bones is provided at the rear of the plurality of shield machines arranged in parallel, and a propulsion device is installed at the rear of each of the shield machines and the rear of the reaction body, respectively. The above object is achieved by a shield tunneling machine having the following characteristics.

[Operation] The shield excavator is advanced while rotating two cutter arms having rotation centers diagonally in front of a skin plate having a substantially square cross section to excavate a tunnel having a substantially square cross section.

In addition, by arranging multiple shield machines in close proximity and placing a reaction force behind them, and operating the multiple shield machines simultaneously, it is possible to excavate parallel sections with an almost rectangular cross section. By operating a plurality of shield machines independently, it is possible to excavate a plurality of branched roads with approximately rectangular cross sections.

[Example] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 to 3, numerals 1 and 2 each indicate a shield machine, which are closely arranged in parallel.

In the illustrated embodiment, the width of the skin plate 3 of the shield machine 1 is slightly wider than the skin plate 4 of the other shield machine 2. skin plate 3.4
When viewed from the ■ direction in Figure 1, it may be formed into a rectangular shape as shown in Figure 2, or it may be formed into a rectangular shape as shown in Figure 3, with the adjacent walls being flat plates and the remaining walls being gently curved. , it can be formed to have a substantially rectangular cross section.

A pair of rotation shafts 5 are provided at diagonal positions in front of the skin plate 3.
A cutter arm 8.9 is provided with a number of bits 7 for cutting the ground at the tip of the rotary wheel 5.6.
The proximal end of is fixed.

The rotation shafts 5 and 6 are a prime mover 10 and a reducer 11 shown in FIG.
The cutter arms 8 and 9 are reciprocated in a quarter circle shape around a rotation wheel 5.6, as shown by two-dot chain lines in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. By moving, the other ridges on the front surface of the skin plate 3 can be excavated with the same cross-sectional shape as the skin plate 3. A propulsion jack 12 is installed as a propulsion device on the inner rear part of the shield machine 1.
Furthermore, an erector 13 for assembling the segments 26 on the inner periphery of the skin plate 3 is attached.

If the cutter arms 8.9 are arranged in the same position on the front side, the cutter arms 8.9.
It is necessary to alternately drive the cutter arms 8 and 9 so that they do not interfere with each other when rotating, but if the cutter arms 8 and 9 are shifted back and forth, they can be rotated independently and excavated. can.

Similarly, the other skin plate 4 is provided with a pair of rotation shafts 14, 15 at diagonal positions in the front part.
The proximal end of a cutter arm 17, 18 having a number of bits 16 attached thereto for cutting the ground is fixed to the tip of the cutter arm 17,18.

The rotation shafts 14 and 15 are reciprocated by a prime mover 19 and a reduction gear 20 shown in FIG. 1, and the cutter arms 17 and 18 are indicated by two-dot chain lines in FIG. As shown, it rotates back and forth in a quarter circle shape around the rotation axis 14.15, and the ground in front of the skin plate 4 is removed.
Excavation can be performed with the same cross-sectional shape as the skin plate 4. A propulsion jack 21 as a propulsion device is attached to the rear inner circumference of the shield machine 2, and an erector 22 for assembling segments on the inner circumference of the skin plate 4 is further attached.

As shown in FIG. 1, a reaction body 23 is provided at the rear of the shield machines 1 and 2. The reaction force body 23 has a cross-sectional shape equal to that of the two shield machines 1.2 in front, and the rectangular cross-section shown in Fig. 2 is used for the shield machine 1.2. In this case, use the reaction force body 23 with a horizontally long rectangular cross section as shown in Fig. 4, and use the one with a gently curved almost rectangular cross section as shown in Fig. 3 for the shield machine 1.2. If so, use a horizontally elongated one with gently curved walls as shown in Fig. 5. In any shape of the reaction body 23, an intermediate wall 24 is provided at a position close to the wall surface of the shield machine 1.2.

The front end of the reaction force body 23 is inserted into the skin plate 3.4 as shown in FIG.
It is in contact with the rear end of 21. Further, a propulsion jack 25 as a propulsion device is attached to the rear inner circumference of the reaction force body 23, and an erector 27 for assembling the segment 26 at the rear inner circumference of the reaction force body 23 is further attached.

A case where the parallel running portion d shown in FIG. 7 is excavated by the shield excavator shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 described above will be explained.

For the section of road a, only the shield machine l is used, and the cutter arm 8.9 is reciprocated about the rotation axes 5 and 6 while excavating the ground into the cross-sectional shape of the skin plate 3. Assemble the segments, and propel the shield machine l using the propulsion jack 12 to construct the road a.

When construction of the road a progresses to the location where the parallel running portion d is to be constructed, a shaft 28 is excavated from the ground surface, and the shield machine 2 and the reaction force body 23 are carried into the shaft 28 from the ground surface. And shaft 28
At the bottom of the shield machine 1, 2 cutter arm 8.9.1
? , 18 are directed to the left in FIG. 7, and the shield machines 1.2 are closely arranged side by side, and the front end of the reaction force body 23 is inserted into the skin plates 3, 4 of the shield machine 1.2. .

As a result, the shield machines 1 and 2 and the reaction force body 23 are assembled at the bottom of the shaft 28 in the state shown in FIG.

In this state, the cutter arm 8.9 of the shield machine 1 and the cutter arm 17.18 of the shield machine 2 are simultaneously rotated back and forth to excavate the ground, and the erector 27 is used to remove the segment 26.
By assembling the segments 26 into the cross-sectional shape of the reaction force body 23 and extending the propulsion jack 25 by applying the propulsion jack 25 to the front end of the assembled segment 26, the parallel running portion d (usually the front and rear of the room) can be constructed.

When the parallel running section d is completed up to the point where the two roads S and C diverge, the cutter arm 8.9 of the shield machine 1 is reciprocated to excavate another mountain, and the erecta is cut as shown in Fig. 6. At step 13, the segment 29 is assembled to have the cross-sectional shape of the skin plate 3, and by applying the propulsion jack 12 to the front end of the assembled segment 29 and extending it, the shield machine 1 moves forward away from the reaction body 23 and moves along the road. can be constructed.

At the same time as building the road as described above, the other shield machine 2
The cutter arms 17 and 18 of the cutter arms 17 and 18 are reciprocated to excavate the ground, and the erector 22 assembles the segments 30 into the cross-sectional shape of the skin plate 4, and the propulsion jack 21 is applied to the front end of the assembled segment 3o to extend it. However, by gradually changing the direction of the shield machine 2, the shield machine 2 can move forward away from the reaction force body 23 and construct the road C.

The reaction body 23 separated from the shield machine 1.2 excavates a vertical shaft 31 at the end of the parallel section d and carries it out to the ground surface.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but also includes the ability to change the cross-sectional shape of the skin plate in various ways depending on the shape of the cutter arm, the ability to install two or more shield machines in parallel, and the gist of the invention. Of course, various changes may be made within the scope of the invention.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, a tunnel having a substantially square cross section can be efficiently excavated.

Furthermore, wide parallel sections where roads diverge or merge in ordinary tunnels and underground can be efficiently excavated with a substantially rectangular cross section using the shield method. Furthermore, following the parallel section, the branching road can be continuously excavated with a substantially rectangular cross section without any waste.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the shield tunneling machine of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view seen from the ■ direction in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows another embodiment. Fig. 4 is a rear view of Fig. 1 seen from direction ■, Fig. 5 shows another embodiment and is a rear view similar to Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 shows a road branch. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the construction state of the part, FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a section running parallel to the road, and FIG. 8 is a front view of a conventional shield excavator. In the figure, 1, 2 is a shield machine, 3.4 is a skin plate,
5.8 is a rotation shaft, 8 and 9 are cutter arms, 12 is a propulsion jack, 14.15 is a rotation axis, 17.18 is a cutter arm, 21 is a propulsion jack, 23 is a reaction force body, 25
indicates a propulsion jack. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 7 6 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) Shield excavation characterized in that excavation is carried out by rotating two cutter arms having rotation centers diagonally in front of a skin plate having a substantially square cross section without interfering with each other. Method. 2) A plurality of shield machines equipped with two cutter arms having rotation centers diagonally in front of a skin plate having an approximately rectangular cross section are installed closely in parallel, and the After excavating the ground simultaneously with the plurality of shield machines arranged in close proximity and in parallel by the propulsion of a reaction force placed behind the shield machine, the plurality of shield machines are separately propelled to move in different directions. A shield excavation method characterized by excavating the ground. 3) A shield excavator characterized by being equipped with two cutter arms having rotation centers diagonally in front of a skin plate having a substantially square cross section. 4) A plurality of shield machines equipped with two cutter arms having rotation centers diagonally in front of a skin plate having a substantially square cross section are installed closely in parallel; A reaction body having a cross section for a plurality of shield machines is provided at the rear of the plurality of shield machines arranged in parallel, and a propulsion device is attached to the rear of each of the shield machines and the rear of the reaction body, respectively. A shield excavator featuring: