JPH03211374A - Air conditioning/heating water heater and its control method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention indirectly uses the heat of a hot water boiler as an evaporator during heating, and indirectly uses the heat of the hot water boiler as a heat source during hot water supply. The present invention relates to an air-conditioning/heating water heater and its control method.

(Prior Art) Fig. 4 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional air-conditioning/heating water heater, in which 1 is a compressor, 2 is an accumulator, 3 is a four-way valve,
is an indoor heat exchanger, 5 is a pressure reducer, 6 is an outdoor heat exchanger, 7 is a water/refrigerant heat exchanger, 8 is a hot water boiler, 9 is a circulation pump,
10 is a heat exchanger for hot water supply.

11 is an electromagnetic three-way valve, and 14 is a check valve.

In the figure, during cooling operation, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 via the four-way valve 3 to become a high-pressure refrigerant liquid, and a flow path is opened to the outdoor heat exchanger 6 side. Through the switched electromagnetic three-way valve 11, the refrigerant is adiabatically expanded in the pressure reducer 5 to become a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state, and further evaporated in the indoor heat exchanger 4 to become low-pressure refrigerant gas and returned to the compressor 1. go. The check valve 14 is a high-pressure refrigerant gas water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7
This is to prevent the inflow into the country.

During heating operation, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the four-way valve 3 and is condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 4 to become a high-pressure refrigerant liquid, which is adiabatically expanded in the pressure reducer 5 to form a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state. Then, through the electromagnetic three-way valve 11 whose flow path is switched to the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7 side, heat is obtained from the hot water in the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7 and evaporated to become low-pressure refrigerant gas, which is then sent to the compressor. Go back to 1.

At this time, the hot water boiler 8 is activated to provide heat to the water being circulated by the circulation pump 9.

During hot water supply operation, water heated by the hot water boiler 8 gives heat to circulating city water in the hot water heat exchanger 10 to supply hot water.

In addition, for simultaneous operation of heating operation and hot water supply operation, hot water boiler 8
The heating amount is increased to provide sufficient heat to the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 10 through the circulating hot water.

In addition, for simultaneous operation of cooling operation and hot water supply operation, the refrigerant circuit is used as a cooling circuit, and the heating amount of the hot water boiler 8 in the hot water supply circuit is set only to the hot water supply valve.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the conventional air-conditioning/heating water heater as described above, the hot water supply operation during cooling operation is performed by heating the hot water boiler 8, which is less efficient than the heat pump hot water supply that uses heat from outside air. It gets lower. All heating operations are performed by indirectly obtaining heat from the hot water boiler 8 from the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7. Therefore, heat pump heating when the outside temperature is high does not require defrosting operation and does not reduce capacity, but even at such high outside temperatures, heating by the hot water boiler 8 is not suitable for heat pump heating. There is a problem that the efficiency is lower in comparison.

A first object of the present invention is to provide an air-conditioning/heating water heater having a refrigerant circuit that can perform hot water supply operation by recovering cooling condensed heat using a heat pump during hot water supply operation during cooling operation.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a control method that quickly performs heat pump hot water supply by controlling the components of the refrigerant circuit when hot water supply operation is performed during cooling operation.

Furthermore, a third object of the present invention is to provide a control method that allows heat pump heating to be performed promptly by controlling the circuit components of the air conditioning/heating/water heater when the outside temperature is above a certain set value.

(Means for Solving the Problems) A first technical means of the present invention for achieving the above first object is to provide an outdoor heat exchanger and a water/refrigerant heat exchanger in parallel, and to A flow path switching means is provided directly at the junction of the heat exchanger and the water/refrigerant heat exchanger, and each flow path switching means is connected to a pressure reducer and a four-way valve that communicate with the indoor heat exchanger, and the above-mentioned outdoor between the heat exchanger and the flow path switching means;
The branch paths branched from between this flow path switching means and the water/refrigerant heat exchanger are made to join each other via capillary tubes, and this joining path is communicated between the four-way valve and the accumulator for heating and cooling. A refrigerant circuit is configured, and a hot water/heating water circuit is configured by connecting the water/refrigerant heat exchanger, a hot water boiler, a hot water heat exchanger through which water circulates, and a circulation pump in an annular manner, A second technical means of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned second object is the above-mentioned first
In the air-conditioning/heating water heater described in the technical means, when hot water supply operation is performed during cooling operation, the operation is detected and the flow path switching means is switched from the outdoor heat exchanger to the water/refrigerant heat exchanger side. A third technical means of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned third object is characterized in that the cooling and hot water supply is performed by a heat pump. When the machine detects that the outside air temperature exceeds a predetermined set value during heating operation, it connects the flow path switching means from the water/refrigerant heat exchanger side to the outdoor heat exchanger, and connects the hot water boiler and circulation. The feature is that the pump is stopped and the heat pump performs heating.

(for production) According to the first technical means, in the refrigerant circuit.

An outdoor heat exchanger and a water/refrigerant heat exchanger are installed in parallel, and a confluence point and flow path switching means are provided for each refrigerant circuit, and each is communicated with a pressure reducer and a four-way valve6. At times, either an outdoor heat exchanger or a water/refrigerant heat exchanger can be selected as the condenser, so the flow path switching means selects the water/refrigerant heat exchanger as the condenser during cooling operation and hot water supply operation. If the flow path is selected, hot water will be supplied by a heat pump using condensed heat from the air conditioner.
System efficiency will be higher. In addition, when the outdoor heat exchanger or the water/refrigerant heat exchanger is not used when the heat pump is operating, the refrigerant that remains inside is collected through the capillary tube to the accumulator on the low pressure side.
The refrigerant circuit is always operated with a predetermined amount of refrigerant.

According to the second technical means, when hot water supply operation is performed during cooling operation, it is detected and the flow path switching means is connected from the outdoor heat exchanger to the water/refrigerant heat exchanger side. ,
The condensed heat from the air conditioner can be used for hot water supply, resulting in heat pump hot water supply and increasing the efficiency of the system.

Furthermore, according to the third technical means, if heat pump heating is performed when the outside temperature is high during heating operation, the efficiency of the system will be high, and since the outside temperature is high, there will be no defrosting operation or decrease in heating capacity, and the system will be comfortable. Heat pump heating is used.

(Example) The embodiments of the present invention will be described above based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the air conditioning/heating water heater of the present invention, in which 1 is a compressor, 2 is an accumulator, 3 is a four-way valve, 4 is an indoor heat exchanger, 5 is a pressure reducer, and 6 is an outdoor Heat exchanger, 7 is water/refrigerant heat exchanger.

8 is a hot water boiler, 9 is a circulation pump, IO is a heat exchanger for hot water supply, 11.12 is an electromagnetic three-way valve as a flow path switching means, 13a,
13b is a refrigerant extraction capillary tube.

In the figure, compressor 1. Four-way valve 3. Indoor heat exchanger4.
Water/refrigerant heat exchanger7. Flow path switching means 11° Flow path switching means 12. Pressure reducer5. The outdoor heat exchanger 6 constitutes a refrigerant circuit for heating and cooling, the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7 are provided in parallel, and flow path switching means 11 and 12 are provided at the confluence of the respective refrigerant circuits. It is a provision. The respective flow path switching means 11 and 12 are communicated with the pressure reducer 5 and the four-way valve 3, and between the flow path switching means 12 and the outdoor heat exchanger 6, and between the flow path switching means 12 and the water・Refrigerant heat exchanger 7
Branch paths A and B branched from between the two are connected after providing capillary tubes 13a and 13b respectively, and this merge path C is communicated between the four-way valve 3 and the accumulator 2. In addition, the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7, hot water boiler 8. Heat exchanger for hot water supply 10. The circulation pumps 9 are connected in a ring to form a water supply/heating water circuit. Moreover, city water is circulated through the hot water supply heat exchanger 10.

The operation of the above embodiment will be explained below.

During cooling operation, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 via the four-way valve 3 and the electromagnetic three-way valve 12 whose flow path is switched to the outdoor heat exchanger 6, and the high-pressure refrigerant gas is It becomes a refrigerant liquid, and then adiabatically expands in the pressure reducer 5 through the electromagnetic three-way valve 11 whose flow path is switched to the outdoor heat exchanger 6 side, becomes a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state, and evaporates in the indoor heat exchanger 4. The refrigerant gas turns into low-pressure refrigerant gas and returns to the compressor 1.

During heating operation, the high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the four-way valve 3 and is condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 4 to become a high-pressure refrigerant liquid, and is adiabatically expanded in the pressure reducer 5 to become a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase gas. The water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7 obtains heat from the hot water through the electromagnetic three-way valve 11 whose flow path is switched to the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7 side, evaporates it, becomes low-pressure refrigerant gas, and compresses it. Return to aircraft 1.

At this time, the hot water boiler 8 is activated to provide heat to the water being circulated by the circulation pump 9.

In addition, when heating with a heat pump, the flow path of the electromagnetic three-way valves 11 and 12 is switched to the outdoor heat exchanger 6 side, and the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is evaporated in the outdoor heat exchanger 6. The refrigerant gas then returns to the compressor 1 as a low-pressure refrigerant gas.

During hot water supply operation, water heated by the hot water boiler 8 gives heat to circulating city water in the hot water heat exchanger 10 to supply hot water.

In addition, for simultaneous operation of heating operation and hot water supply operation, hot water boiler 8
It is sufficient to increase the heating amount of the water and provide sufficient heat to the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7 and the hot water supply heat exchanger IO through the circulating hot water. Further, in the case of heat pump heating, the heating amount of the hot water boiler 8 may be the same as that of the hot water supply heat exchanger 10.

In the case of simultaneous cooling operation and hot water supply operation, the high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the four-way valve 3 and the electromagnetic three-way valve 12 whose flow path is switched to the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7. The electromagnetic three-way valve 11 gives heat to the water that is condensed in the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7 and circulated by the circulation pump 9 to become a high-pressure refrigerant liquid, and the flow path is switched to the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7. , and is adiabatically expanded in the pressure reducer 5 to become a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase. Then, it evaporates in the indoor heat exchanger 4 and returns to the compressor 1 as a low-pressure gas.

Furthermore, if the outdoor heat exchanger 6 or the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7 is inactive during heat pump operation, the remaining refrigerant is drained to the upstream side of the accumulator 2 on the low pressure side through the refrigerant extraction capillary tube 13a or 13b. Therefore, the refrigerant circuit always operates with a predetermined amount of refrigerant.

Next, a method of controlling the cooling condensation heat recovery of this embodiment will be explained based on FIGS. 1 and 2. Figure 2 is a time chart of the operation of each part during cooling operation. If hot water supply operation is performed during cooling operation, this operation is detected and the electromagnetic three-way The flow paths of valves 11 and 12 are controlled to be switched to the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7 side. Then, in FIG. 1, the high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the four-way valve 3 and the electromagnetic three-way valve 12, and is condensed in the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7, and then the city water is circulated by the circulation pump 9. The refrigerant is heated to become a high-pressure refrigerant liquid, passes through the electromagnetic three-way valve 11, undergoes adiabatic expansion in the pressure reducer 5, and becomes a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase.

Then, it evaporates in the indoor heat exchanger 4 and returns to the compressor 1 as a low-pressure refrigerant gas. At this time, the hot water boiler 8 is stopped.

Next, FIG. 1 shows the heating operation control method of this embodiment.

This will be explained based on FIG. Figure 3 is a time chart of the operation of each part during heating operation. During the heating season, when the outside temperature rises and exceeds the set value, heating by the conventional hot water boiler 8 is stopped and heating is shifted to heating by the heat pump. It turns out. As shown in Fig. 3, this control is performed by detecting that the outside temperature has exceeded the set value
1. The flow path of step 12 is switched from the water/refrigerant heat exchanger 7 side to the outdoor heat exchanger 6 side, and the hot water boiler 8 and circulation pump 9 are controlled to be stopped. Then, in FIG. 1, the high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the four-way valve 3 and is condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 4 to become a high-pressure refrigerant liquid, and is adiabatically expanded in the pressure reducer 5 to become a low-pressure gas liquid. It becomes a two-phase state, and further evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 6 via the electromagnetic three-way valve 11 to become low-pressure refrigerant gas, which returns to the compressor 1 via the electromagnetic three-way valve 12. At this time, the hot water boiler 8 and the circulation pump 9 is stopped.

According to the above embodiment, the refrigerant circuit enables the heat pump to recover condensed heat during hot water supply operation during cooling operation, and the heat pump performs cooling and hot water supply, resulting in high system efficiency and energy savings. In addition, when hot water supply operation is performed during cooling operation, it is possible to recover the cooling condensed heat, and the heat pump can achieve cooling and hot water supply, resulting in high system efficiency and energy saving. When a certain set value is exceeded, it is detected and the flow path switching means 11 and 12 are switched to
By connecting the refrigerant heat exchanger 7 to the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and controlling the hot water boiler 8 and circulation pump 9 to stop, system efficiency is increased, and since the outside temperature is high, defrosting operation and heating capacity are reduced. This means that comfortable heat pump heating can be achieved without any decrease in energy consumption.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, an air-conditioning/heating water heater that has high system efficiency and can save energy can be provided, and also heat pump hot water supply during cooling operation or heat pump heating during heating operation is performed promptly, thereby improving system efficiency. It is possible to provide a control method for an air-conditioning/heating/water heater that achieves high energy efficiency and energy savings.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the air-conditioning/heating water heater of the present invention, Figs. 2 and 3 are time charts of the operation of each part of the embodiment of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a conventional air-conditioning/heating water heater. FIG. 1... Compressor, 2... Accumulator. 3...Four-way valve, 4...Indoor heat exchanger. 5...Pressure reducer, 6...Outdoor heat exchanger. 7... Water/refrigerant heat exchanger, 8... Hot water boiler,
9...Circulation pump, lO...Hot water supply heat exchanger,
11.12...Flow path switching means (electromagnetic three-way valve), 1
3a, 13b... Capillary tube.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) An outdoor heat exchanger and a water/refrigerant heat exchanger are provided in parallel, and a flow path switching means is provided at the confluence point of the outdoor heat exchanger and the water/refrigerant heat exchanger to switch each flow path. means communicated with a pressure reducer and a four-way valve communicating with the indoor heat exchanger, between the outdoor heat exchanger and the flow path switching means, and between the flow path switching means and the water/refrigerant heat exchanger. The branch paths branched from the two are joined together via capillary tubes, and this merge path is communicated between the four-way valve and the accumulator to constitute a refrigerant circuit for heating and cooling.
An air conditioning/heating water heater characterized in that a refrigerant heat exchanger, a hot water boiler, a hot water heat exchanger through which water circulates, and a circulation pump are connected in a ring to form a water supply/heating water circuit. (2) When hot water supply operation is performed during cooling operation, the operation is detected and the flow path switching means are respectively communicated from the outdoor heat exchanger to the water/refrigerant heat exchanger side, and the heat pump is used for cooling and hot water supply. The method for controlling an air-conditioning/heating water heater according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises: performing the following steps. (3) Detecting that the outside air temperature exceeds a predetermined set value during heating operation, connects the flow path switching means from the water/refrigerant heat exchanger side to the outdoor heat exchanger, and circulates with the hot water boiler. 2. The method of controlling an air-conditioning/heating water heater according to claim 1, wherein the pump is stopped and the heat pump performs heating.