JPH03213564A - Production of ultrafine fiber - Google Patents
Production of ultrafine fiberInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03213564A JPH03213564A JP2002906A JP290690A JPH03213564A JP H03213564 A JPH03213564 A JP H03213564A JP 2002906 A JP2002906 A JP 2002906A JP 290690 A JP290690 A JP 290690A JP H03213564 A JPH03213564 A JP H03213564A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- molecular weight
- compound
- component
- high molecular
- polyester
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Polyamides (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Polyethers (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、極細繊維の製造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for producing ultrafine fibers.
近年、極細繊維は種々の用途、例えば、高性能フィルタ
ー、人工皮革、不織布、高級織編物などに広く活用され
ている。
極細繊維の製造方法としては1例えば、ポリエステルと
ポリアミドまたはポリオレフィンを溶融複合紡糸した後
、ポリアミドまたはポリオレフィンを酸や溶剤で選択的
に溶解除去する方法があるが、ポリマー相互間の親和性
が低(、紡糸時に剥離を生じたり、また溶解工程で装置
の腐食の原因や人体への悪影響などの問題になり好まし
くない。
また、大量のポリエチレングリコールを共重合したポリ
エステルを溶解性ポリマーとして用いる方法の場合には
、仮撚での白粉の発生が多く、操業性を低下させる等の
問題があった。In recent years, ultrafine fibers have been widely used in various applications, such as high-performance filters, artificial leather, nonwoven fabrics, and high-grade woven and knitted fabrics. One method for producing ultrafine fibers is, for example, by melt-composite spinning polyester and polyamide or polyolefin, and then selectively dissolving and removing the polyamide or polyolefin with an acid or solvent; however, the affinity between the polymers is low ( This is undesirable because it may cause peeling during spinning, or it may cause corrosion of the equipment during the melting process or adversely affect the human body.Also, in the case of a method in which polyester copolymerized with a large amount of polyethylene glycol is used as the soluble polymer, However, there were problems such as a large amount of white powder produced during false twisting, which reduced operability.
本発明は、極細繊維を製造する方法において(A)ポリ
エステルまたはポリアミド(以下A成分という)と(B
)活性水素基を2個有する有機化合物にエチレンオキシ
ドを含有するアルキレンオキシドを付加重合せしめたポ
リアルキレンオキシド化合物と多価カルボン酸、その無
水物もしくはその低級アルキルエステル又はジイソシア
ネートとを反応させて得られる重量平均分子量1万以上
の高分子量化合物(以下B成分という)が、複数個に分
割された横断面の状態で紡糸され、該B成分のポリアル
キレンオキシド系高分子量化合物を除去することによっ
て得られる極細繊維の製造方法である。
(手段を構成する用件)
本発明に使用するポリアルキレンオキシド化合物におい
て、活性水素基を2個有する有機化合物としては、例え
ばエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ポリエ
チレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ブチル
アミン、ポリテトラメチレングリコール、アニリン等が
挙げられる。
かかる活性水素基を2個有する有機化合物に付加重合せ
しめるエチレンオキシドを含有するアルキレンオキシド
としては、エチレンオキシド単独、またはエチレンオキ
シドを含有するアルキレンオキシドである。エチレンオ
キシド以外のアルキレンオキシドとしては炭素数3〜3
0のものであり、例えばプロピレンオキシド、ブチレン
オキシド、ブチレンオキシド、α−オレフィンエポキシ
ド又はグリシジルエーテル類等が挙げられる。
ここで、炭素数3〜30のアルキレンオキシド化合物の
含有量は任意であるが、水でB成分を除去する場合はエ
チレンオキシドの含有量としては、全アルキレンオキシ
ドに対して70〜100%(重量比)とするのが好まし
い。
なお、前記有機化合物に対する前記アルキレンオキシド
の付加重合は、公知の方法で行なうものである。
得られるポリアルキレンオキシド化合物の重量平均分子
量は100以上であることが好ましく、重量平均分子量
が100未満の場合、本発明の目的が達成されない。
前記ポリアルキレンオキシド化合物と反応させる多価カ
ルボン酸、その無水物またはその低級アルキルエステル
としては例えばフタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸
、セバシン酸、またはそのジエチルエステルまたはジエ
チルエステル等、またはピロメリット酸無水物や他の無
水テトラカルボン酸類等が挙げられる。
又ジイソシアネートとしては、トリレンジイソシアネー
ト、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、イソホロンジイ
ソシアネート等の通常のジイソシアネートはすべて使用
できる。また、ポリプロピレングリコール等とジイソシ
アネートとの予備反応を行なった、いわゆるプレポリマ
ーも同様にジイソシアネートとして使用できる。
前記ポリアルキレンオキシド化合物と前記多価カルボン
酸、その無水物またはその低級アルキルエステルとのエ
ステル縮合反応やジイソシアネトとのウレタン化反応は
、熱分解が起こり易いため、密閉した容器内で酸素の不
存在下で行なうことが好ましい。
ポリアルキレンオキシド化合物と多価カルボン酸、その
無水物もしくはその低級アルキルエステル又はジイソシ
アネートとの反応割合は任意である。すなわち、高分子
量化合物の重量平均分子量が、10,000以上となる
ような割合であれば、いかなる割合でも良い。
本発明で用いるポリエステルは、通常知られているポリ
エチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート
で代表されるが、原料の一部分を変化させたポリエステ
ル樹脂等もすべて実用に供される。また、ポリアミドも
同様に一般的なものはすべて実用に供される。
これらのA成分とB成分は通常別々のノズルから種々の
形状で約280℃で紡糸される。この際、酸化防止剤や
老化防止剤等の安定化剤を添加してお(方が好ましい。
また、混合比はA成分二B成分=20〜80:80〜2
o好ましくは30〜70 : 70〜30(重量比)で
ある。
さらに、必要に応じて帯電防止剤、無機フィラー、着色
剤など適宜添加することができる。
紡糸される繊維の断面はA成分とB成分が交互に隣接さ
れ、はちの巣状や放射形状、サイドバイザイド状、花芯
/花弁状などの例の如く、種々の形状を選択することが
できる。ノズルの形状、組み合わせ、A成分とB成分の
仕込み方法などを適宜選択調整すれば所望の紡糸繊維断
面の形状が得られる。例えばはちの巣状の場合、内側の
多数の微細孔よりA成分を、外側からB成分が、A成分
を包み込むように一つのノズルから紡糸する方法がある
。
本発明においては、以上のようにして得た分割紡糸繊維
から次の工程でB成分を溶解除去する。
溶解除去の仕方は従来の方法で用いられた溶剤を用いて
も良いが、水により除去するほうが作業環境の面や火災
の危険性の面で有利である。この際、溶解除去は糸条の
状態で行なっても、混合紡糸繊維から不織布、織物、編
物等の布帛の状態で行なっても良い。また、熱湯で処理
すると溶解除去が速く行なえるが、冷水でも十分に溶解
除去能力がある。The present invention provides a method for producing ultrafine fibers in which (A) polyester or polyamide (hereinafter referred to as component A) and (B)
) The weight obtained by reacting a polyalkylene oxide compound obtained by addition-polymerizing an alkylene oxide containing ethylene oxide to an organic compound having two active hydrogen groups and a polyhydric carboxylic acid, its anhydride, or its lower alkyl ester or diisocyanate. Ultra-fine fibers obtained by spinning a high molecular weight compound with an average molecular weight of 10,000 or more (hereinafter referred to as component B) into a plurality of divided cross sections, and removing the polyalkylene oxide-based high molecular weight compound of component B. This is a method for producing fibers. (Requirements constituting the means) In the polyalkylene oxide compound used in the present invention, examples of organic compounds having two active hydrogen groups include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, butylamine, and polytetramethylene glycol. , aniline, etc. The alkylene oxide containing ethylene oxide to be addition-polymerized to the organic compound having two active hydrogen groups is ethylene oxide alone or an alkylene oxide containing ethylene oxide. Alkylene oxide other than ethylene oxide has 3 to 3 carbon atoms
Examples thereof include propylene oxide, butylene oxide, butylene oxide, α-olefin epoxide, glycidyl ethers, and the like. Here, the content of the alkylene oxide compound having 3 to 30 carbon atoms is arbitrary, but when removing component B with water, the content of ethylene oxide should be 70 to 100% (weight ratio) based on the total alkylene oxide. ) is preferable. The addition polymerization of the alkylene oxide to the organic compound is carried out by a known method. It is preferable that the weight average molecular weight of the obtained polyalkylene oxide compound is 100 or more. If the weight average molecular weight is less than 100, the object of the present invention will not be achieved. Examples of the polyhydric carboxylic acid, anhydride thereof, or lower alkyl ester thereof to be reacted with the polyalkylene oxide compound include phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, sebacic acid, diethyl ester or diethyl ester thereof, or pyromellitic anhydride. and other tetracarboxylic acid anhydrides. As the diisocyanate, all common diisocyanates such as tolylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, and isophorone diisocyanate can be used. Furthermore, a so-called prepolymer obtained by preliminarily reacting polypropylene glycol or the like with a diisocyanate can also be used as the diisocyanate. The ester condensation reaction between the polyalkylene oxide compound and the polyhydric carboxylic acid, its anhydride, or its lower alkyl ester and the urethanization reaction with diisocyanate are likely to cause thermal decomposition, so they must be carried out in a closed container in the absence of oxygen. It is preferable to do this below. The reaction ratio of the polyalkylene oxide compound and the polyhydric carboxylic acid, its anhydride or its lower alkyl ester, or diisocyanate is arbitrary. That is, any ratio may be used as long as the weight average molecular weight of the high molecular weight compound is 10,000 or more. The polyester used in the present invention is typified by the commonly known polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, but all polyester resins with partially modified raw materials can also be put to practical use. Similarly, all common polyamides can be put to practical use. These A component and B component are usually spun at about 280° C. in various shapes from separate nozzles. At this time, it is preferable to add stabilizers such as antioxidants and anti-aging agents. Also, the mixing ratio is 20 to 80:80 to 2
The ratio is preferably 30-70:70-30 (weight ratio). Furthermore, an antistatic agent, an inorganic filler, a coloring agent, etc. can be added as appropriate. The cross section of the fiber to be spun is such that the A component and the B component are alternately adjacent, and various shapes can be selected, such as a honeycomb shape, a radial shape, a side by side shape, and a flower core/petal shape. A desired spun fiber cross-sectional shape can be obtained by appropriately selecting and adjusting the shape and combination of nozzles, the method of charging component A and component B, and the like. For example, in the case of a honeycomb shape, there is a method in which the A component is spun from a single nozzle so that the A component is wrapped around the A component from the outside, and the A component is spun from the outside through a large number of micropores on the inside. In the present invention, component B is dissolved and removed from the split spun fibers obtained as described above in the next step. Although solvents used in conventional methods may be used for dissolving and removing, removing with water is more advantageous in terms of the working environment and the risk of fire. At this time, the dissolution and removal may be carried out in the form of threads, or in the form of fabrics such as nonwoven fabrics, woven fabrics, and knitted fabrics made from mixed spun fibers. Although the dissolution and removal can be carried out quickly when treated with hot water, the dissolution and removal ability is sufficient even with cold water.
本発明の極細繊維は、前記B成分の高分子量化合物が水
溶解速度が大きく、また溶融紡糸時の強度が適度にある
ことから、簡単にかつ安全に製造することができる。The ultrafine fiber of the present invention can be easily and safely produced because the high molecular weight compound of the component B has a high water dissolution rate and has an appropriate strength during melt spinning.
(実施例1)
ポリエチレングリコール(重量平均分子量10.000
)100部にジメチルテレフタレート2.2部を配合し
、ポリエステル化反応して重量平均分子量130,00
0の化合物(以下、高分子量化合物Xという)を得た。
この高分子量化合物Xを100部と、ポリエチレンテレ
フタレート(溶融粘度260oボイズat280℃)の
ペレット100部をそれぞれ溶融分割紡糸装置に投入し
、紡糸温度260℃、巻取り速度1000m/minで
内側の微細孔よりポリエチレンテレフタレートを、外側
から高分子量化合物Xがポリエチレンテレフタレート成
分を包み込むように一つのノズルから紡糸した。これよ
り横断面がはちの巣状であり、短繊維デニールが7デニ
ールの未延伸糸を得た。この未延伸糸を30℃の水中を
10m走らせ、高分子量化合物Xを溶解除去したところ
ポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維の集合体からなる糸条
が得られた。この糸条を150℃にて3.5倍に延伸し
て極細繊維を得た。
これをさらに仮撚、製織し、織布を得たが、製織時の問
題はなく、触感が爽やかであった。
(実施例2)
ポリプロピレングリコール(重量平均分子量1.000
)100部にエチレンオキシド500部を付加せしめ、
ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート1フ部によりウレタン
重合を行ない、重量平均分子量90,000の化合物(
以下、高分子量化合物Yという)を得た。
この高分子量化合物Yを100部に、ポリアミド樹脂(
ナイロン6;溶融粘度2850ボイズat280℃)1
00部を実施例1と同様の溶融紡糸装置にて紡糸した後
直ちに急冷し、45℃にて4倍に延伸した。
このようにして得た延伸糸を用いて製織し、水にて高分
子量化合物Yを溶解除去し、極細繊維織物を得た。溶解
除去は水浴中で45%の空孔率とするために3時間を要
した。
この織物は風合いが柔らかく、感触が良好であった。
(実施例3.4)
実施例1.2の高分子量化合物X、Yを次の化合物に変
えて極細繊維を作成したが、いずれも同等の良好な布帛
が得られた。
高分子量化合物z−i
ポリテトラメチレングリコール(分子量2000)のエ
チレンオキシド付加体で重量平均分子量10.000の
ものをセバシン酸でエステル縮重合した重量平均分子量
100,000の化合物高分子量化合物Z−2
ポリエチレングリコール(分子量3000)の無水ピロ
メリット酸による重合物で重量平均分子量30,000
の化合物
(比較例−1)
実施例1の高分子量化合物Xに変え、ポリエチレングリ
コール(重量平均分子量20000)を使用して紡糸を
行なった。しかし、紡糸直後にポリエチレングリコール
の粘性が低いため、また凝固時の強度が低いために一部
剥離が生じるほど糸条の表面状態が悪く、巻き取りの工
程で糸切れが起こった。
(比較例−2)
実施例2の高分子量化合物Yに変え、ポリスチレンを用
いて紡糸し、トルエンにて脱ポリマー処理を行なった。
実施例2と比較して、実質的にlOO%脱ポリマ〜する
ために5倍の時間を要した。(Example 1) Polyethylene glycol (weight average molecular weight 10.000
), 2.2 parts of dimethyl terephthalate was added to 100 parts of polyester, and a weight average molecular weight of 130.00 was obtained by polyesterification reaction.
A compound of No. 0 (hereinafter referred to as high molecular weight compound X) was obtained. 100 parts of this high molecular weight compound Polyethylene terephthalate was spun from one nozzle so that the high molecular weight compound X enveloped the polyethylene terephthalate component from the outside. As a result, an undrawn yarn having a honeycomb-like cross section and a short fiber denier of 7 denier was obtained. This undrawn yarn was run for 10 m in water at 30° C. to dissolve and remove the high molecular weight compound X, and a yarn consisting of an aggregate of polyethylene terephthalate fibers was obtained. This yarn was stretched 3.5 times at 150°C to obtain ultrafine fibers. This was further false-twisted and woven to obtain a woven fabric, which had no problems during weaving and had a refreshing feel. (Example 2) Polypropylene glycol (weight average molecular weight 1.000
) 500 parts of ethylene oxide is added to 100 parts of
Urethane polymerization was carried out using 1 part of hexamethylene diisocyanate to form a compound with a weight average molecular weight of 90,000 (
A high molecular weight compound (hereinafter referred to as a high molecular weight compound Y) was obtained. 100 parts of this high molecular weight compound Y was added to polyamide resin (
Nylon 6; melt viscosity 2850 voids at 280°C) 1
00 parts were spun using the same melt-spinning apparatus as in Example 1, immediately quenched, and stretched 4 times at 45°C. Weaving was carried out using the drawn yarn thus obtained, and the high molecular weight compound Y was dissolved and removed with water to obtain an ultrafine fiber fabric. Dissolution removal required 3 hours in a water bath to achieve 45% porosity. This fabric had a soft texture and a good feel. (Example 3.4) Ultrafine fibers were created by changing the high molecular weight compounds X and Y of Example 1.2 to the following compounds, but equally good fabrics were obtained in both cases. High molecular weight compound Z-i A compound with a weight average molecular weight of 100,000 obtained by ester condensation of an ethylene oxide adduct of polytetramethylene glycol (molecular weight 2000) with a weight average molecular weight of 10.000 with sebacic acid High molecular weight compound Z-2 Polyethylene Polymer of glycol (molecular weight 3000) with pyromellitic anhydride, weight average molecular weight 30,000
Compound (Comparative Example-1) Instead of the high molecular weight compound X of Example 1, polyethylene glycol (weight average molecular weight 20,000) was used for spinning. However, due to the low viscosity of polyethylene glycol immediately after spinning and its low strength upon coagulation, the surface condition of the yarn was so poor that some parts of the yarn peeled off, resulting in yarn breakage during the winding process. (Comparative Example-2) Instead of the high molecular weight compound Y of Example 2, polystyrene was used for spinning, and depolymerization treatment was performed using toluene. Compared to Example 2, it took five times as long to depolymerize substantially 100%.
本発明の極細繊維は従来のものと同等の性質を有するも
のが得られるが、製造工程上の爆発の危険性や人体に対
する悪影響がなくなるばかりではなく、製造時間の短縮
に効果がある。Although the ultrafine fibers of the present invention have properties equivalent to those of conventional fibers, they not only eliminate the risk of explosion and adverse effects on the human body during the manufacturing process, but are also effective in shortening the manufacturing time.
Claims (1)
キシドを含有するアルキレンオキシドを付加重合せしめ
たポリアルキレンオキシド化合物と多価カルボン酸、そ
の無水物もしくはその低級アルキルエステル又はジイソ
シアネートとを反応させて得られる重量平均分子量1万
以上の高分子量化合物(以下B成分という) が、複数個に分割された横断面の状態で紡糸され、該B
成分のポリアルキレンオキシド系高分子量化合物を除去
することによって得られる極細繊維の製造方法。[Scope of Claims] (A) polyester or polyamide; (B) polyalkylene oxide compound obtained by addition-polymerizing alkylene oxide containing ethylene oxide to an organic compound having two active hydrogen groups; polyhydric carboxylic acid; and its anhydride. A high molecular weight compound having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or more (hereinafter referred to as component B) obtained by reacting with a lower alkyl ester or diisocyanate thereof (hereinafter referred to as component B) is spun into a plurality of cross-sections, and
A method for producing ultrafine fibers obtained by removing a polyalkylene oxide-based high molecular weight compound as a component.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002906A JP2631752B2 (en) | 1990-01-09 | 1990-01-09 | Production method of ultrafine fiber |
| DE69033492T DE69033492T2 (en) | 1990-01-09 | 1990-12-31 | Process for the production of porous molded articles made of synthetic resin, of ultrafine fibers and of nonwovens with ultrafine fibers |
| EP90125859A EP0436966B1 (en) | 1990-01-09 | 1990-12-31 | Methods for manufacture of porous resin mouldings, ultrafine fibres and ultrafine fibre nonwoven fabrics |
| US07/636,813 US5059630A (en) | 1990-01-09 | 1991-01-02 | Methods for manufacture of porous resin moldings, ultrafine fibers and ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabrics |
| KR1019910000265A KR950013490B1 (en) | 1990-01-09 | 1991-01-09 | Manufacturing method of microfiber and microfiber nonwoven fabric |
| KR1019950009166A KR950010518B1 (en) | 1990-01-09 | 1995-04-19 | Manufacturing method of porous resin molding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002906A JP2631752B2 (en) | 1990-01-09 | 1990-01-09 | Production method of ultrafine fiber |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6248639A Division JP2578081B2 (en) | 1994-09-16 | 1994-09-16 | Production method of ultrafine fiber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03213564A true JPH03213564A (en) | 1991-09-18 |
| JP2631752B2 JP2631752B2 (en) | 1997-07-16 |
Family
ID=11542403
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002906A Expired - Fee Related JP2631752B2 (en) | 1990-01-09 | 1990-01-09 | Production method of ultrafine fiber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2631752B2 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6040539A (en) * | 1983-08-12 | 1985-03-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Production of digital signal recording and reproducing disk |
| JPS63152624A (en) * | 1986-12-17 | 1988-06-25 | Toray Ind Inc | Copolymerized polyester soluble in hot water |
-
1990
- 1990-01-09 JP JP2002906A patent/JP2631752B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6040539A (en) * | 1983-08-12 | 1985-03-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Production of digital signal recording and reproducing disk |
| JPS63152624A (en) * | 1986-12-17 | 1988-06-25 | Toray Ind Inc | Copolymerized polyester soluble in hot water |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2631752B2 (en) | 1997-07-16 |
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