JPH03215243A - Eyeballs movement analyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To measure and display eyeballs movement with high accuracy by providing a calibration switch measuring pupillary center-of-gravity coordinates by the pressing operation of an examinee himself at the time of the fixation of a target lighting in succession to input the same and obtaining the calibration data corresponding to the angular vision in vertical and horizontal directions from the center vision of an eyeball. CONSTITUTION:A plurality of targets 8, 8a and television cameras 7, 7a due to visible light freely changed over in display are provided on the eyepiece moving members 5, 5a provided to the frame body 1 brought into contact with the head of an examinee in close vicinity of eyeballs 3, 3a in a movable and adjustable manner and the image signals of eyeballs movement outputted from the cameras are subjected to image processing to obtain the pupillary center-of-gravity coordinates in an image processing apparatus 10 and said coordinates are calibrated so as to be matched with the positions of the targets looked by the examinee to display, observe, record and analyze eyeballs movement. Herein, when the examinee gazes at the targets lighting in succession, the examinee himself presses and operates a calibrating examinee operation switch 18 to measure pupillary center-of-gravity coordinates and a computer 12 inputs the coordinates to obtain the calibration data corresponding to the angular vision in vertical and horizontal directions from the center vision of eye balls and calibrates the eyeballs movement data at the time of examination and measurement on the basis of the calibration data to display eyeballs movement.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is an optical viewing device used for medical diagnosis. , observe and record eye movement in the vertical or rotational direction;
When measuring eye movement by photographing the eyeball with a television camera and determining the center of the pupil through image processing using an eye movement analysis device designed for analysis, the position of the optotype viewed by the subject and the image processing device The present invention relates to an eye movement analysis device equipped with a novel means for improving the calibration accuracy when calibrating the pupil center position 1 in advance.

[Conventional technology]

One of the conventionally well-known and standard methods for recording eye movements is a method called ENG or EOG, in which the electrical potential difference generated as the eye moves is recorded on a polygraph device using electrodes placed on the skin around the eyes. be. There is also a method called PENG, in which infrared rays are projected to the left and right sides of the eyeball, the amount of light reflected from the cornea and sclera is extracted, and eye movements are recorded on a polygraph device based on the difference. In addition, the applicant of this application previously filed Japanese Patent Application No. 145425/1983 (Showa 63
(filed on June 13, 2013), a visual light source consisting of a visible light source with a horizontal and vertical cross shape for examination is installed in goggles that can be attached and detached from the subject's head and form a dark room in front of the subject's eyes. A target is built in, the eyeball is illuminated with infrared rays, the target is switched on and off to fixate the target, and the horizontal, vertical, and rotational movements of the eyeball are photographed with a television camera in a bright room. We have proposed an eye movement testing device that can be used to observe, record, and analyze eye movements by outputting video signals of the subject's eye movements from a camera. No. (November 1, 1988)
8), we proposed an eye movement analysis device equipped with optotypes for the entire eye movement testing range using light-emitting diodes, liquid crystals, etc., and later developed an improved eye movement imaging device using jumonji optotypes and an eye movement analysis device for the entire area. We have proposed an eye movement analysis device using optotypes. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] When using the above-mentioned conventional ENG, EOG method or PENG method, there are problems such as the necessity of a dark room during the examination, the necessity of separately presenting an optotype, and the necessity of examining the rotational movement of the eyeball. There are problems such as that it cannot be done, and compared to these methods, the
The invention of No. 425 forms a dark room in front of the examinee's eyes using goggles worn on the head, and prepares optotypes within the goggles, which eliminates the need for a dark room during examinations and the need to separately present optotypes. It has advantages over conventional methods, such as eliminating the need for goggles and allowing the subject to move while wearing the goggles on the head, allowing examination of rotational movement of the eyeballs. However, in this eye movement testing device, the improved eye movement imaging device using a cross-shaped optotype proposed by the applicant, or the eye movement analysis device using the entire movement testing range optotype, the eyeballs are photographed with a television camera during the test. When measuring eye movement by determining the center of gravity of the pupil using image processing, it is necessary to calibrate the amount of eye movement prior to the test. This is done by at least matching the position of the optotype at that time with the position of the center of gravity of the pupil in the x and y coordinates set in the image processing device, but conventionally, the operator lights up the required optotypes one after another and displays them on the subject. Each time fixation is performed, the operator operates the keyboard to measure and input the coordinates of the pupil center of gravity of the eyeball during fixation. The fixation target position data was obtained using the following methods. However, even if the operator instructs the examinee to fixate on the illuminated optotype, it is questionable whether the examinee actually fixates on the illuminated optotype. If the operator inputs the measured values based on judgment while watching the monitor TV, there is a risk of inputting the value when the operator is out of the fixation state, and accurate calibration is not expected. could not. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it performs highly accurate calibration by completely accurate measurement input of the coordinates of the pupil center of gravity at the time when the subject fixates the illuminated target. The purpose of this paper is to provide an eye movement analysis device that can measure and display eye movement with precision. [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, in the eye movement analysis device of the present invention, the eyeballs of the subject are placed in a frame body that is to be brought into contact with the head of the subject, who is a patient. On an eyepiece moving member provided so as to be able to adjust its movement in close proximity to the eyepiece, at least the visual target and eye movement are photographed using visible light, which can be freely switched between multiple displays so as to be positioned in front of the subject's eyes. A television camera is installed to process the video signal of the subject's eye movement outputted from the camera, and the coordinates of the center of gravity of the pupil within the image processing device are obtained by processing the video signal of the subject's eye movement output from the camera. It is calibrated to match the position of the target to be viewed, and the eye movements are displayed and observed. In an eye movement analysis device configured to record and analyze, when a subject fixates on an optotype that lights up sequentially, the coordinates of the center of gravity of the pupil are measured by the subject's own pressure scratches and the coordinates are input. A calibration test subject handling switch is provided so that calibration data corresponding to the vertical and horizontal directions from the central vision of the eyeball can be obtained by lever input, and the obtained calibration data is used to calibrate the eye movement data during test measurement. The screen is configured to display eye movements. When measuring and inputting the coordinates of the pupil center of gravity by pressing the calibration subject operation switch, it is preferable to measure and input the average value of a plurality of data dating back from the time when the subject pressed the switch. In addition, as the frame that is brought into contact with the head of the subject,
(Although a stationary type is also considered) Goggles are removably attached to the examinee's head and block external visible light when worn, creating a dark room in front of the examinee's eyes. It is effective to install invisible infrared light inside the goggles. [
Effect] Prior to testing and measuring the eye movements of a subject (patient) using an eye movement analysis device, the position of the visual target seen by the subject and the position of the center of gravity of the pupil in the image processing device within the analysis device are determined. When calibrating to match, in the analysis device of the present invention,
The operator operates the keyboard to light up a predetermined optotype and have the examinee fixate it, and the examinee presses the calibration patient operation switch while fixating the illuminated optotype himself. Since the coordinates of the center of gravity of the pupil of the subject's eyes can be measured and input with 100% accuracy, the subject fixates on the illuminated visual targets at the center position and at predetermined angle positions on the top, bottom, left, and right. By measuring and inputting the pupil barycenter coordinates each time, calibration data corresponding to angular vision in the up, down, left, and right directions from central vision can be accurately obtained. Therefore, it is possible to calibrate the pupil center of gravity data obtained at the time of test measurement with the calibration data to accurately display eye movements. When measuring and inputting the coordinates of the pupil center of gravity by pressing the above calibration subject operation switch, by measuring and inputting the average value of multiple data retrospectively from the time when the switch is pressed, it is possible to measure and input the pupil center of gravity coordinates even during fixation. Calibration accuracy can be further improved by averaging data from multiple eyes. In this case, goggles are used as a frame that contacts the subject's head to block external visible light and form a dark room in front of the subject's eyes, and the eyeballs are illuminated by invisible infrared light. Eliminates the need to make the examination room a dark room, increases the degree of freedom for the examinee when pressing a switch, allows accurate calibration for various eye movement tests, and measures and displays eye movements. It is possible. [Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the attached drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an eye movement analysis device. The eye movement analysis device is equipped with goggles (1) that can be detachably attached to the subject's head and that block external visible light to form a dark room (2) in front of the subject's eyes. (3
>> is for the right eye, (3a) is for the left eye, (4) is for the left eye.
indicates the subject's head. Inside the goggles (1),
Eyeball (3). Eyepiece moving parts (5), (5a) whose movement can be adjusted so as to be close to invisible infrared light sources (6), (3a) are provided. (6a) is the eyepiece moving part (5), (5
a) It is provided integrally on the top and illuminates the eyeball. In addition, each eyepiece moving unit (5). (5a) Above each are television cameras (7). (7a) is installed, and eye movement can be detected by the light reflected from the eyeball surface by the light source, and observations can be recorded and analyzed via a video analysis device equipped with a monitor computer, etc. Furthermore, each eyepiece moving unit (5). (5a) Above each eyeball (3). (3a
) corresponding to the respective eye caps (9) of predetermined shapes,
On the bottom inner wall surface centered on the center of eyeball rotation in (9a),
Visual target (8). (8a) are arranged in a cross-like pattern in the vertical and horizontal directions using a plurality of visible light sources (such as LEDs) so that the display can be switched as a group of visual targets (see Figure 2). (9I
) and (9a.) are holes through which the optical path of the infrared image of the eyeball from the eyeball to the telephoto camera passes through the inner wall surface of the eye cap.GO and (lla) are the monitor displays for the right eye and left eye, respectively, and are used for image processing. The state of eye movement of both the left and right eyes is displayed through the device OlXl. Lighting controller 0 is an infrared light source (6). (6a), the optotype controller (b)
8). (8a) are each controlled by the computer 0η, and the infrared illumination of the eyeballs and the lighting of predetermined optotypes (partial lighting or moving lighting) are controlled by input from the keyboard 0η.
It is designed to do this. The data display (F) displays a menu of operating procedures during calibration, and displays the movement waveforms of both left and right eyes during testing. That is, during the examination, the image processing device O@ detects the pupil center of gravity by image processing the image signals of both the left and right eyes from the television cameras (7) and (7a), and detects the detected pupil center of gravity data (position coordinates of the pupil center of gravity). is outputted to the computer 0, stored in RAM (12b) through the I/O interface (12d), and calculated by the calibration data stored in RAM by the CPU (central processing unit) (12a). It is calibrated according to the program stored in the printer, and the calibrated eye movement data is displayed.
e is designed to print out exercise data. In addition, when the operator sequentially lights up optotypes at predetermined positions and makes the examinee fixate them prior to the eye movement test measurement, a calibration tool is provided so that the examinee can calibrate by pressing the target himself. Subject operation switch 0ω is computer 0
is connected to the I/O interface (12d) of the . That is, by pressing the switch 0 mark by the subject, the coordinates of the pupil center of gravity of the eye at the time of fixation on the illuminated optotype are sequentially input to calculate calibration data, and the computer 021 R A M ( 12b). Using this calibration data, when testing and measuring eye movements, it is possible to calibrate the pupil center of gravity data of the eye tracking the illuminated optotype and display the eye movements. Furthermore, R O
M (12c) controls the system with CPυ (12a) according to the stored program. Next, we will explain the procedure for performing calibration using the calibration test subject scraping switch OI. Figure 3 shows the basic processing procedure when performing calibration. In this case, the third
As shown in the figure, before lighting the calibration position optotypes and measuring the calibration pupil center of gravity data (coordinates) for each eye for each optotype,
Although not shown in the flowchart, a cross-shaped optotype (8) is provided for each eye so that signals can be taken in from the pupil of the subject with gradations. (8a) (See Figure 2), the slice level is adjusted by sequentially lighting up a plurality of partial optotypes at predetermined positions and having the subject fixate their gaze. That is, the operator puts goggles (1) on the subject's head, uses the keyboard 0 to manipulate the left and right infrared light sources (6). (6a) is turned on to illuminate both eyes of the subject, the left and right TV cameras (7) and (7a) are activated, and the right target (8) is set by operating the key 0'l).
The target (8l) at the center of the eye is turned on and the subject is made to fixate it, and the slice level of the right eye is adjusted when viewing from the front.Then, the target (8m) at 25 degrees to the right of the right eye target is adjusted. Visual target 25 degrees to the left (8.). Top 20 degree optotype (8.). Turn on the lower 20 degree optotype (8,) sequentially and look 25 degrees to the right with your right eye. Look 25 degrees to the left. Look up 20 degrees. Adjust the slice level of the right eye when looking down 20 degrees. Next, the visual target (8a+') at the center of the left visual target (8a). Visual target 25 degrees to the right (8a=). Optotype at 25 degrees to the left (8a-), optotype at 20 degrees above (8a-). The lower 20 degree optotype (8aS) is sequentially turned on and the slice level of the left eye is adjusted each time, the adjustment of the binocular slice level is completed, and the preparation for measuring the pupil center of gravity data is completed.

Then, the center optotype (8) was adjusted for the slice level at the right eye target (8) and the left eye target (8a).
I). (8a1), right 25 degree optotype (8g), (8a-
), left 25 degree optotype (8=), (8a*), upper 20
The degree optotypes (84), (8a-), and the lower 20 degree optotypes (8-), (8as) are sequentially lit for each right and left eye, and the test subject lights them up. The patient is made to fixate the illuminated optotypes one after another with the eye on the target side, and when the eye is fixed, the subject's operation switch for calibration is pressed. By this pressing, the pupil barycenter coordinates of the left and right eyes are measured and detected, and the detected right eye,
The center of gravity data (coordinates) for calibration of the left eye is provided by the computer QZI.
In R A M (12b), calibration data [i.e., pupil centroid data (coordinates) that changes for each eye at the time of test measurement]
data for displaying eye movements]. In this case, the TV camera (
The left and right eye pupil centroid data (coordinates) obtained by image processing the eye movement video signals from (7) and (7a) with the image processing device co) are obtained by the computer 02! RA of l
M (12b), and is stored for a predetermined time while being postponed one by one, and is obtained in the image processing device by turning on the calibration operation switch side by the subject, and is currently being stored in the RAM continuously. Of the data for a predetermined period of time, the pupil centroid coordinates of the average value of a plurality of pieces of data are measured retroactively from the time of the switch ON, and the obtained calibration pupil centroid data (coordinates) is R A M ( 12b>.For example, as shown in FIG.
In (12b), 10 fields from data D+ to data DIl1 for a predetermined time are sequentially advanced over time, and data 0 to DI4 are accumulated for a predetermined time. When the operator turns the switch ONL, the data D1. More retrospectively, data D
．． The calibration pupil barycenter coordinates of the average value of the five fields up to 5 fields are measured, and the measured calibration pupil barycenter data (coordinates) is stored in R A M (12b). When storing the pupil center of gravity data (coordinates) for calibration using the switch QION, it is possible to use only one data (data D, in Fig. 4) at the time the switch is turned on. Since the eyes are constantly moving, by averaging multiple data from the time the switch was pressed, the accuracy of the calibration data calculated from the data can be further increased. When the storage of the pupil center of gravity coordinates when fixating the central vision and the predetermined visual targets in the up, down, left and right directions for each station is completed in this way, the computer 021 automatically calibrates the right eye from the stored pupil center of gravity coordinates. The data and left eye calibration data are calculated, and the right eye calibration data and left eye calibration data are stored in the RAM, and the calibration process ends. In addition, when performing this calibration,
It is also possible to measure the pupil center of gravity coordinates of the right eye using the right eye target, measure the pupil center of gravity coordinates of the left eye using the left eye target, and create calibration data for the right and left eyes. Draft (Issued on December 29, 1999 II) As shown in L, the coordinates of the pupil center of gravity of both eyes were measured using both the right and left eye targets, and the calibration data for the right and left eyes using the right eye target,
and create calibration data for the right and left eyes using the left eye target,
By using the calibration data during inspection and measurement, when performing a target tracking test with the right or left target illuminated, the eye movements of the other side of the eye can be displayed correctly at the same time as the eye of the illuminated target. You can. After completing the above calibration process, when testing and measuring eye movements,
By operating the operator's keyboard, the right target (8) or left target (8a) in the goggles (1) worn by the subject is displayed.
) The target of any part of the target group is illuminated or illuminated in a predetermined manner, and the subject is made to track the illuminated target, and the eye movement analyzer automatically calculates the pupils of the right and left eyes. The center of gravity is detected, and the detected pupil center of gravity data of the right and left eyes are automatically calibrated using the above-mentioned stored calibration data, and the movement waveforms of the left and right eyes are displayed on the data display (+51), and If necessary, the required eye movement data can be printed out using the printer 051.In addition, the image of the eye under examination can be monitored using the monitor display QD. (lla) for the right eye and the left eye. In the example, the eyeballs were illuminated with an invisible infrared light source using goggles that formed a dark room in front of the subject's eyes. The test may be performed using a cross-shaped optotype, but it is also possible to use an optotype over the entire eye movement test range, and the test subject operation switch for calibration By using a grip-type push button switch or a foot switch that the subject can easily use during the examination, highly accurate calibration can be performed and eye movements can be measured and displayed with high accuracy. [Effects of the Invention] ] Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.According to the invention described in claim 1, when a subject tracks a presented visual target with his or her eyes, the eyeball This is an eye movement analysis device designed to observe and record and analyze movements.When testing the eye movement of each eye by having either the right or left eye track a visual target in front of the eye, a light is illuminated on the subject in advance. The subject fixates the calibration position optotype, and by pressing the calibration test subject operation switch, the coordinates of the pupil center of gravity for calibration at the time the subject fixates the illuminated optotype are determined. Since measurement input is possible, highly accurate calibration can be performed, and an eye movement analysis device that can measure and display eye movements with high accuracy can be provided.

According to the invention set forth in claim 2, when the subject presses the calibration subject operation switch to measure and input the coordinates of the pupil center of gravity for calibration, a plurality of pupils retroactively from the time when the switch is pressed are Since the average value of the center of gravity data is measured and input, multiple data of the eyes that are constantly moving can be used even during fixation, and the calibration accuracy can be improved. According to the invention as claimed in claim 3, goggles that form a dark room in front of the subject's eyes are used in the frame provided with the optotype, and the eyeballs are illuminated by invisible infrared rays, making the examination room a dark room. It is possible to calibrate the eye movement data by pressing the calibration test subject operation switch without the need, increasing the degree of freedom of the test subject, and in a natural state without dazzling the test subject. It is possible to measure and display eye movements.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an eye movement analysis device, and FIG. 2 shows binocular visual targets as seen from the subject. Figure 3 is a flowchart showing the procedure for creating calibration data using the calibration patient operation switch; This is a diagram when a plurality of pieces of data are used by SW input. (1)...-goggles, (3). (3a) - eyeball,
(4)-head, (5). (5a) - Eyepiece moving unit (6). (6a) - infrared light source, (7),
(7a) - TV camera, (8) Right target, (8a)
-Left visual target, GO1-・Image processing device, (10,
(lla)-Monitor Display OL-Computer, (12a) ・-CPU, (12b)
RAM, (12c)-ROM, (12d)-I
/O interface, a ■ - one lighting controller, one visual target controller, O ■ - data display 00 - printer, (+7) - keyboard, 0
1-11 Subject operation switch for calibration.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An eyepiece moving member that is movable and adjustable close to the eyeball on a frame that is to be brought into contact with the subject's head, so that it is positioned at least in front of the subject's eyes. Equipped with a plurality of visible light optotypes whose display can be switched freely and a television camera for photographing the eye movements, the image obtained by processing the video signal of the eye movement of the subject output from the camera. In an eye movement analysis device that displays, observes, records, and analyzes eye movements by calibrating the pupil center of gravity coordinates, the pupil center of gravity coordinates are measured by the subject's own pressing operation while fixating on the sequentially lit visual targets. A calibration test subject operation switch is provided so as to input calibration data corresponding to angular vision in the vertical and horizontal directions from the central vision of the eyeball, and the calibration data is used to calibrate the eye movement data during test measurement to adjust the eye movement. An eye movement analysis device characterized by displaying. 2. A claim characterized in that the measurement input of the coordinates of the center of gravity of the pupil at the time of pressing the calibration subject operation switch is performed by measuring and inputting the average value of a plurality of data retrospectively from the time when the switch is pressed. Item 1. The eye movement analysis device according to item 1. 3. The frame body is equipped with goggles that are detachably attached to the subject and block external visible light to form a dark room in front of the subject's eyes, and an invisible infrared light source is provided inside the goggles to illuminate the eyes. The eye movement analysis device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: