JPH03215635A - Internal oxidation of electrical contact material and electrical contact material - Google Patents

Internal oxidation of electrical contact material and electrical contact material

Info

Publication number
JPH03215635A
JPH03215635A JP2009909A JP990990A JPH03215635A JP H03215635 A JPH03215635 A JP H03215635A JP 2009909 A JP2009909 A JP 2009909A JP 990990 A JP990990 A JP 990990A JP H03215635 A JPH03215635 A JP H03215635A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
electrical contact
contact material
alloy
silver
internal oxidation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2009909A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shoji Iida
飯田　昌治
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chugai Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Chugai Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chugai Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Chugai Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP2009909A priority Critical patent/JPH03215635A/en
Priority to DE69013485T priority patent/DE69013485T2/en
Priority to KR1019900012768A priority patent/KR910014967A/en
Priority to EP90308996A priority patent/EP0437917B1/en
Priority to CN90107574A priority patent/CN1053509A/en
Publication of JPH03215635A publication Critical patent/JPH03215635A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1078—Alloys containing non-metals by internal oxidation of material in solid state
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • H01H1/02372—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te
    • H01H1/02376—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te containing as major component SnO2

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve electrical contact characteristics by subjecting an alloy in which trace amounts of Pb or Zr are added to Ag-Sn to internal oxidation under specific oxygen atmosphere. CONSTITUTION:An electrical contact material is prepared by using an Ag-5-12wt.%Sn-0.05-0.1%Pb (or Zr) alloy. This contact material is internally oxidized under an oxygen atmosphere of 10-150atm. If necessary, one or plural kinds among Fe group elements are incorporated to the above Ag alloy by 0.001-1%. By this method, the electrical contact material of internally oxidized Ag-Sn alloy which has superior electrical contact characteristics and in which superfine metal oxides are uniformly dispersed can be obtained.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （イ）産業Ｅの利用分野 この発明は、電気接点材料、特に銀一溶質金属合金を内
部酸化して、銀マトリックス中の溶質金属を金属酸化物
に変えて耐火性に富む電気接点材料を作る方法に閲する
ものである． また，この発明はかかる方法によって得られる銀をマト
リックスとする電気接点材料に関するものである． （口）従来の技術と問題点 銀をマトリックスとし、その溶質金属である錫を内部酸
化して錫酸化物とした銀一錫酸化物合金は電気接点材料
として今日、広く用いられている． 同様な電気接点材料としては，銀一カドミウム酸化物合
金が知られるところであるが、カドミウムは有害成分で
あるので、公害防止の面からみて銀一錫酸化物合金の電
気接点材料がより広く使われるようになって来た． ところが、銀マトリックス中の錫が重量比で約４．５％
以上であるときには、この錫の全量を銀のマトリックス
の外方から内方へ浸透する酸素によって内部酸化するこ
とが難しい． このために、拡散速度の早い、即ち酸素を担持して銀マ
トリックスの内方へ酸素を伝播する能力のある補助溶質
金属を併用することが必須となる．このような補助溶質
金属の代表的なものとしては、インジウムがある． このような電気接点材料としては、アメリカ合衆国特許
第３９３３４８５号に記載されるように銀一錫−インジ
ウム系合金を内部酸化したものである．この電気接点材
料は、５〜１０重量％の錫と１．０〜６重量％のインジ
ウムを含む銀合金を内部酸化したもので、今日広く使用
されている電気接点材料中では最も優秀なものである．
しかし、補助溶質金属として優れた役割を果すインジウ
ムを用いても、４．５％以上の錫を銀マトリックス中で
均一に内部酸化することは難しく、銀マトリックスの外
方表面部に錫酸化物が時としては過度に偏析し、一方銀
マトリックスの内方中心部では錫酸化物が稀薄になるこ
とがある．また、インジウム酸化物は比較的脆い金属酸
化物であるので、できればインジウムを使わないで錫を
内部酸化することが望ましい． （ハ）発明の開示 上述したところに照して、本発明者はインジウムの介在
なしに、また内部酸化のための他の補助溶質金属を使っ
たとしても微量の添加量で銀一錫合金を完全に内部酸化
する方法を求めた．かかる補助溶質金属として鉛とジル
コニウムの使用に着目したのである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Application for Industry E This invention internally oxidizes an electrical contact material, particularly a silver-solute metal alloy, to change the solute metal in the silver matrix into a metal oxide, thereby making it fire-resistant. The purpose of this paper is to explore methods for making electrical contact materials that are rich in The present invention also relates to an electrical contact material having a matrix of silver obtained by such a method. (Note) Conventional technology and problems Silver-tin oxide alloys, which have silver as a matrix and internally oxidize the solute metal tin to form tin oxide, are widely used today as electrical contact materials. Silver-cadmium oxide alloy is known as a similar electrical contact material, but since cadmium is a harmful component, electrical contact materials made of silver-tin oxide alloy are more widely used from the perspective of pollution prevention. It started to look like this. However, the weight ratio of tin in the silver matrix is approximately 4.5%.
When this is the case, it is difficult to internally oxidize the entire amount of tin by oxygen penetrating from the outside to the inside of the silver matrix. For this purpose, it is essential to use an auxiliary solute metal that has a fast diffusion rate, that is, has the ability to support oxygen and propagate the oxygen into the silver matrix. Indium is a typical example of such an auxiliary solute metal. Such electrical contact materials include internally oxidized silver-tin-indium alloys as described in US Pat. No. 3,933,485. This electrical contact material is an internally oxidized silver alloy containing 5-10% by weight of tin and 1.0-6% by weight of indium, and is the best electrical contact material widely used today. be.
However, even when using indium, which plays an excellent role as an auxiliary solute metal, it is difficult to uniformly internally oxidize more than 4.5% tin in the silver matrix, and tin oxide is formed on the outer surface of the silver matrix. Sometimes there is excessive segregation, while tin oxide is diluted in the inner core of the silver matrix. Furthermore, since indium oxide is a relatively brittle metal oxide, it is desirable to internally oxidize tin without using indium if possible. (c) Disclosure of the Invention In light of the above, the present inventor has developed a silver-tin alloy without the intervention of indium, and even with the use of other auxiliary solute metals for internal oxidation, with a trace amount of addition. We sought a method for complete internal oxidation. They focused on the use of lead and zirconium as such auxiliary solute metals.

このいずれかの元素も銀に対しての常温での固溶度は誠
に小さく、従って鉛或はジルコニウムを含むＡｇ−Ｓｎ
’−Ｐｂ或はＡｇ−Ｓｎ−Ｚｒ系溶解合金が冷却される
と、ｐｂ或はＺｒのほとんど全量がＡｇ−Ｓｎ固相体中
に均一に分散析出し、内部酸化時の温度（５００〜７０
０℃）の下では、この分散析出したＰｂ或はＺｒ原子が
銀マトリックス中で分散析出又は錫との金属間化合物を
作って位置にそのまま残り、Ｓｎの酸化析出核となり得
る． 従って、この発明では銀マトリックス中の錫を酸化する
ための補助溶質金属として、鉛或はジルコニウムを可能
な限り微少量で用いるものである．特に、ジルコニウム
の酸化物は錫よりも高い耐火性を有するので有利である
． Ａｇ−Ｓｎ６％−Ｐｂ０．５％，Ａｇ−Ｓｎ６％−　ｚ
　ｒ　ｏ．ｓ％を内部酸化した例が特開昭５１−１２１
７９５号公報に、またＡｇ−Ｓｎ５％−ｐｂＯ．１％を
内部酸化した例が特開昭５５−１１３８５２号公報に記
載されている． しかし，Ｐｂ或はＺｒをでき得る限り微少量、即ち本願
発明では０．１〜０．０５％の少量で添加したときには
、５％を越える量のＳｎを完全に銀マトリックスの全般
にわたって均一にかつ微少なＳｎ酸化物として析出する
ことは至難であることが分った． そこで、内部酸化時の酸素圧を著しく高圧に、即ち１０
ａｔ■以上にしたときに始めて、錫が５％を越えて錫の
銀に対する固溶限の限界近傍の１２％まで銀マトリック
ス中に固溶するＡｇ−Ｓｎ合金を完全に内部酸化するこ
とができた．即ち、この発明では、錫が５％を越え１２
重量％までの多量に含有する銀一錫合金を、Ｐｂ或はＺ
ｒを０．０５％〜０．１％の範囲の微少量で添加して、
内部酸化時の酸素圧を１０ａｔ一以上の圧力下で内部酸
化する方法と、それにより得られる電気接点材料を提供
するものである． なお、内部酸化時の酸素圧は１０ａｔ鳳以上であればよ
いが、工業的規模で異常に高い圧力を加えることは難し
く、銀合金は４００ａｔ層近傍で液化してしまうので、
１５０ａｔ■がこの発明における上限とする． 以下、本発明゜を実施例を参照して更に詳細に説明する
． （二）実施例 （１）Ａｇ−Ｓｎ５％−Ｐｂ０．１％ （２）Ａｇ−Ｓｎ６％−ＺｒＯ−１％ −ヒ記した組成分（％は重量％、以下同じ）の合金を溶
解してインゴット（径１２０１層で長さ４００ｍ腸）と
し、これを熱間押し出しで厚さ３０履腸で＠　５　０　
ｍｓ＋の角棒とした．これを長さ５００ｍ腸に切断し、
その土下両面の３１をシェーバーで機械研削して、厚さ
２４厘層で幅５１０鵬一、長さ５００■■の角棒を得た
． この角棒の下面に２．５１厚さの純銀を裏張りして、厚
さが１．２　ｒａｍとなるように圧延し、更にこれを径
６■のボンチで打抜いて、銀が裏張りされた径６ｍｍで
厚さ１．２■のディスク型接点材を得、この接点材を６
２０℃の酸化雰囲気中で２４時間酸化焙焼した． 得られた接点材の縦断面を顕微鏡で観察したところ、接
点材の外表面部に金属酸化物が異常に多く偏析していて
サブスケールをつ〈り、内部酸化がそれ以上進行しなか
ったことが認められた．（３）　Ａ　ｇ　−　Ｓ　ｎ５
．５％−ＰｂＯ．０５％（４）Ａｇ−Ｓｎ６％一Ｚ　ｒ
　Ｏ．０５％（５）Ａｇ−Ｓｎ８％−ＰｂＯ．１％−Ｎ
　ｉ　Ｏ．２％上記した組成分の合金を上記した（１）
　（２）　＋＠＋の合金と同様にして、銀が裏張りされ
た径６璽厘で厚さ１．２腸■のディスク型接点材とし，
これを上記した（１）　（２）　樹と同様に内部酸化し
た．但し、この場合，酸素雰囲気を３０ａｔ薦とした．
得られた（３）　（４）　（５）の内部酸化した接点材
の縦断面を顕微鏡で観察したところ、下記（８）の組織
と同様に接点材の全体にわたって均一に金属酸化物が分
散した組織が認められ，完全に内部酸化が行なわれれた
ことが確認された． （８）　Ａ　ｇ　−　Ｓ　ｎＯ．５％一Ｃｄｌ３％この
合金は対比のための既知の合金であり、有害なＣｄを含
んではいるが、その内部酸化後の組織が美麗かつ均一で
、接点としての電気特性においても最も優れているもの
の一つである．この（８）合金を上記した（１）　（２
）の合金と同様にして（即ち酸化雰囲気を常圧で）内部
酸化して接点材を得た． 上記した接点材（３）〜（５）と（６）の硬さ（ＨＲＦ
）と電導率（ＩＡＣＳ％）は以下の通りであった． 硬さ　　　電導車 （３）　　　　８０　　　　　　　７０（４）１００　
　　　　　６０ （５）　　　　８５　　　　　　６５ （８）　　　　７５　　　　　　５５ 酎溶着試験［電圧ＤＣ２４０Ｖ，初期電流（コンデンサ
ー電源からの放電電流）７００Ａ，接触圧力２００ｇ　
，試験回数２０回１による溶着回数は以下の通りであっ
た． 溶着回数 （３）Ｏ （４）Ｏ （５）Ｏ （６）５ また，ＡＳＴＭ法テストによる消耗量（単位：ｍｇ）は
、次の通りであった． 試験条件：電圧ＡＣ２００Ｖ，電流５０Ａ，接触圧力４
００ｇ，開離力６００ｇ 消耗量 （３）　　　１５ （４）　　　１２ （５）　　　１０ （８）　　　２０ （ホ）発明の効果 上記の結果から分る通り、本発明による電気接点材は電
気接点特性に優れ、金属酸化物が超微細で均一に分散し
た内部酸化した銀一錫系合金の電気接点材を提供するこ
とができるのである．なお、上記した合金（５）の例で
みられる通り，合金の金属組織の微細化のために、鉄族
元素（Ｎｉ，Ｃｏ，Ｆｅ）を０．０１〜１％添加しても
よい．The solid solubility of any of these elements in silver at room temperature is very small, so Ag-Sn containing lead or zirconium
When the '-Pb or Ag-Sn-Zr molten alloy is cooled, almost the entire amount of Pb or Zr is uniformly dispersed and precipitated in the Ag-Sn solid phase, and the temperature during internal oxidation (500-700
(0°C), the dispersed Pb or Zr atoms form dispersed precipitation in the silver matrix or form an intermetallic compound with tin and remain in place, and can become oxidized and precipitated nuclei of Sn. Therefore, in this invention, lead or zirconium is used in the smallest possible amount as an auxiliary solute metal for oxidizing tin in the silver matrix. In particular, zirconium oxide is advantageous because it has higher fire resistance than tin. Ag-Sn6%-Pb0.5%, Ag-Sn6%-z
ro. An example of internal oxidation of s% is disclosed in JP-A-51-121.
No. 795, and Ag-Sn5%-pbO. An example of internal oxidation of 1% is described in JP-A-55-113852. However, when Pb or Zr is added in the smallest possible amount, that is, in the present invention, in a small amount of 0.1 to 0.05%, the amount of Sn exceeding 5% can be completely uniformly distributed over the entire silver matrix. It was found that it is extremely difficult to precipitate as minute Sn oxides. Therefore, the oxygen pressure during internal oxidation is set to a significantly high pressure, that is, 10
At ■ or above, it is possible to completely internally oxidize an Ag-Sn alloy in which tin exceeds 5% and dissolves in the silver matrix up to 12%, which is close to the limit of solid solubility of tin in silver. Ta. That is, in this invention, tin exceeds 5% and 12
Pb or Z
Adding r in a very small amount in the range of 0.05% to 0.1%,
The present invention provides a method for internal oxidation under an oxygen pressure of 10 at or more during internal oxidation, and an electrical contact material obtained thereby. Note that the oxygen pressure during internal oxidation should be 10at or higher, but it is difficult to apply an abnormally high pressure on an industrial scale, and the silver alloy will liquefy near the 400at layer.
150at■ is the upper limit in this invention. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples. (2) Example (1) Ag-Sn 5%-Pb 0.1% (2) Ag-Sn 6%-ZrO-1% - An alloy with the listed composition (% is weight %, the same applies hereinafter) was melted. An ingot (diameter: 1201 layers, length: 400 m) is made into an ingot (diameter: 1201 layers, length: 400 m), and this is hot extruded into a thickness of 30 ocella @ 50
It was made into a square bar of ms+. This was cut into 500m long intestines,
31 on both sides of the soil was mechanically ground using a shaver to obtain a square bar with a thickness of 24 layers, a width of 510 cm, and a length of 500 cm. The bottom surface of this square bar is lined with 2.51 thick pure silver, rolled to a thickness of 1.2 ram, and then punched out with a punch with a diameter of 6 mm to form a silver lining. A disk-shaped contact material with a diameter of 6 mm and a thickness of 1.2 cm was obtained, and this contact material was
It was oxidized and roasted for 24 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere at 20°C. When the longitudinal section of the obtained contact material was observed under a microscope, it was found that an abnormally large amount of metal oxide was segregated on the outer surface of the contact material, which penetrated the subscale and prevented internal oxidation from progressing any further. was recognized. (3) A g-S n5
．． 5%-PbO. 05% (4) Ag-Sn6%-Z r
O. 05% (5) Ag-Sn8%-PbO. 1%-N
iO. The alloy with the above composition is 2% (1)
(2) In the same way as the +@+ alloy, a silver-lined disc-shaped contact material with a diameter of 6 mm and a thickness of 1.2 cm was made,
This was internally oxidized in the same way as (1) and (2) above. However, in this case, the oxygen atmosphere was recommended to be 30 at.
When the vertical cross-section of the internally oxidized contact material obtained in (3), (4), and (5) was observed under a microscope, it was found that the metal oxide was uniformly dispersed throughout the contact material, similar to the structure in (8) below. A structure was observed, confirming that internal oxidation was complete. (8) A g -S nO. 5% - Cdl 3% This alloy is a known alloy for comparison, and although it contains harmful Cd, its structure after internal oxidation is beautiful and uniform, and it has the best electrical properties as a contact. It's one of the things. This (8) alloy is the above-mentioned (1) (2)
) The contact material was obtained by internal oxidation in the same manner as the alloy (i.e., in an oxidizing atmosphere at normal pressure). Hardness (HRF) of contact materials (3) to (5) and (6) described above
) and electrical conductivity (IACS%) were as follows. Hardness Conductive wheel (3) 80 70 (4) 100
60 (5) 85 65 (8) 75 55 Welding test [voltage DC 240V, initial current (discharge current from capacitor power supply) 700A, contact pressure 200g
, the number of welds based on the test number of 20 times1 was as follows. Number of welds (3) O (4) O (5) O (6) 5 In addition, the amount of wear (unit: mg) according to the ASTM method test was as follows. Test conditions: Voltage AC200V, current 50A, contact pressure 4
00g, opening force 600g Amount of consumption (3) 15 (4) 12 (5) 10 (8) 20 (e) Effect of the invention As can be seen from the above results, the electrical contact material according to the present invention has excellent electrical contact characteristics. This makes it possible to provide an internally oxidized silver-tin alloy electrical contact material in which metal oxides are ultrafine and uniformly dispersed. Note that, as seen in the example of alloy (5) above, 0.01 to 1% of iron group elements (Ni, Co, Fe) may be added in order to refine the metal structure of the alloy.

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）銀−錫（５重量％を越え１２重量％まで）−鉛或
はジルコニウム（０．０５〜０．１重量％）合金を１０
〜１５０ａｔｍの酸素雰囲気下で内部酸化して電気接点
材料を得る電気接点材料の内部酸化法。(1) Silver-tin (more than 5% by weight up to 12% by weight)-lead or zirconium (0.05-0.1% by weight) alloy
A method of internally oxidizing an electrical contact material to obtain an electrical contact material by internal oxidation in an oxygen atmosphere of ~150 atm. （２）前記銀合金が鉄族元素の一或は複数を０．００１
〜１％含有する特許請求の範囲第１項記載の方法。(2) The silver alloy contains one or more iron group elements at a concentration of 0.001
The method according to claim 1, containing ~1%. （３）１０〜１５０ａｔｍの酸素雰囲気下で内部酸化し
た銀−錫（５重量％を越え１２重量％まで）−鉛或はジ
ルコニウム（０．０５〜０．１重量％）合金よりなる電
気接点材料。(3) Electrical contact material made of silver-tin (more than 5% by weight up to 12% by weight)-lead or zirconium (0.05-0.1% by weight) alloy internally oxidized in an oxygen atmosphere of 10 to 150 atm. . （４）前記銀合金が鉄族元素の一或は複数と０．００１
〜１重量％含有する特許請求の範囲第３項記載の電気接
点材料。(4) The silver alloy contains one or more iron group elements and 0.001
The electrical contact material according to claim 3, containing ~1% by weight.
JP2009909A 1990-01-19 1990-01-19 Internal oxidation of electrical contact material and electrical contact material Pending JPH03215635A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2009909A JPH03215635A (en) 1990-01-19 1990-01-19 Internal oxidation of electrical contact material and electrical contact material
DE69013485T DE69013485T2 (en) 1990-01-19 1990-08-16 Internal oxidation process for making electrical contact materials.
KR1019900012768A KR910014967A (en) 1990-01-19 1990-08-16 Internal Oxidation of Electrical Contact Materials and Electrical Contact Materials
EP90308996A EP0437917B1 (en) 1990-01-19 1990-08-16 Internal-oxidation method for production of electrical contact materials
CN90107574A CN1053509A (en) 1990-01-19 1990-09-10 Internal oxidation method of electrical contact material and material produced by the method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2009909A JPH03215635A (en) 1990-01-19 1990-01-19 Internal oxidation of electrical contact material and electrical contact material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03215635A true JPH03215635A (en) 1991-09-20

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JP2009909A Pending JPH03215635A (en) 1990-01-19 1990-01-19 Internal oxidation of electrical contact material and electrical contact material

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0437917B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH03215635A (en)
KR (1) KR910014967A (en)
CN (1) CN1053509A (en)
DE (1) DE69013485T2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103714981B (en) * 2013-12-20 2015-08-05 宁波赛特勒电子有限公司 A kind of relay
CN108220650A (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-06-29 昆明贵金属研究所 A kind of multicomponent oxide enhancing silver-based electric contact material and preparation method thereof
CN110983096A (en) * 2019-12-07 2020-04-10 福达合金材料股份有限公司 Method for preparing silver matrix oxide electric contact material by internal oxidation method capable of improving fusion welding resistance

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB611813A (en) * 1945-07-28 1948-11-04 Mallory Metallurg Prod Ltd Improvements in and relating to the production of metal-metal oxide compositions or alloys
DE2011002C3 (en) * 1970-03-09 1978-10-05 Fa. Dr. Eugen Duerrwaechter Doduco, 7530 Pforzheim Internally oxidized contact material on the basis of silver-cadmium oxide produced by melt metallurgy
US3933485A (en) * 1973-07-20 1976-01-20 Chugai Denki Kogyo Kabushiki-Kaisha Electrical contact material
US4472211A (en) * 1982-05-20 1984-09-18 Chugai Denki Kogyo Kobushiki Kaisha Method of internally oxidizing Ag-Sn alloy contact material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69013485T2 (en) 1995-05-04
EP0437917B1 (en) 1994-10-19
EP0437917A2 (en) 1991-07-24
EP0437917A3 (en) 1992-04-22
KR910014967A (en) 1991-08-31
CN1053509A (en) 1991-07-31
DE69013485D1 (en) 1994-11-24

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