JPH03218497A - Production of first wall of fusion reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve joining accuracy by winding metallic foil on hollow pipes, juxtaposing these pipes, holding the joint parts between the pipe group and plate members for sealing under a low pressure, hermetically sealing these parts and subjecting the entire part to a hot isostatic pressurization treatment in the state of communicating the inside and outside of the hollow pipes. CONSTITUTION:The metallic foil 5 is first wound on the outer peripheral side faces of the hollow pipes 2. The pipes 2 and the foil 5 as well as the foil 5 are brought into tight contact with each other. The plural pipes 2 wound with the foil 5 are prepd. and are disposed in the state of bringing the side faces thereof into contact with each other. The plate members 3, 3', 4, 4' for sealing are then disposed on the upper and under surfaces and both side faces of the pipes 2 and members 3, 3', 4, 4' having the window parts of the size larger than the inside dimension of the through-holes 1 of the pipes 2 and smaller than the outside dimension thereof are disposed at both ends of the pipes 2. Further, the contact parts of the window parts of the members 3, 3', 4, 4' and both ends of the pipes 2 are welded respectively by an electron beam, etc., and thereafter, the entire part of the members is subjected to the hot isostatic pressurization treatment in a vacuum state.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a first wall that surrounds plasma in a nuclear fusion reactor.

[Prior Art] Figures 3 to 8 show examples of the prior art. First, Figures 3 and 4 show a member joining method described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 60-227986 as an example of the first prior art. A cross-sectional view when joined with sealing plate members disposed on the peripheral side and both end faces,
4 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the end of the hollow member in FIG. 3. FIG.

Next, FIG. 5 shows an example of the second prior art, which was published in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-86
This shows the structure of the first wall of the fusion device described in Publication No. 484, which shows a group of cooling tubes with a rectangular cross section arranged in parallel with relatively wide intervals, and plate-like members joined to the front and back surfaces of the cooling tubes. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first wall of the fusion reactor. Figure 6 is a third example of the prior art, which shows a tritium permeation prevention structure of the core structural material of a fusion reactor described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-157072, in which the surface facing plasma and the coolant flow path are In the space between
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a core structural material in which a liquid metal layer and a blemish part are provided, and a tritium-permeable diaphragm is provided on the surface on the side of the blemish core. Furthermore, FIGS. 7 and 8 show a fourth example of the prior art, which is a method for manufacturing a laminated material described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-33349. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a laminate manufactured by hot isostatic pressure treatment filled with the metal powder prepared above, and FIG. 8 is a perspective external view of FIG. 7. In Figures 3 to 8, 5l is a through hole;
52 is a hollow member, 53, 54, 56 is a sealing material, 55 is a window portion, 57 is an airtight seal portion, 6l is a heat/particle load, 62
63 is a front plate, 63 is a cooling pipe, 64 is a back plate, 71 is a wall on the plasma side, 72 is a coolant, 73 is a coolant passage, 74 is a liquid metal layer, 75 is a liquid metal, 76 is a Blenheim part, 77 is a Permeable diaphragm, 81. 81- is a plate-shaped body, 82 is a metal powder layer, 83 is a sealing material, 84 is a weld bead, 86 is a through hole,
87 is a laminated material, and 88 is a pipe.

First, in a first prior art example shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a plurality of relatively long hollow members 52 each having a rectangular cross section and a through hole 51 having a rectangular cross section inside are prepared, and their side surfaces are brought into contact with each other. Plate-shaped sealing materials 53.53, 54.54 are placed on both upper and lower surfaces and on both sides.
are arranged, and plate-shaped sealing materials 56 and 56 having a plurality of windows 55 are arranged on both end faces of each of the above-mentioned sealing materials 5.
Electron beam welding is performed on each of the contact portions between 3, 54, and 56 and around the window portion 55 of the sealing material 56, and the portions surrounded by these sealing materials 53, 54, and 56 are brought into a vacuum state, and these portions are welded. Seal airtight with beads. Then, the entire member is subjected to hot isostatic pressure treatment (e.g., 1000 to 2000°C, 1000 to 2000 kg
f/cm'). As a result, each joint, i.e. between each side of the hollow member 52 that contacts each other and between the hollow members 52
The side surfaces of the sealing members 53, 54, and 56 are metallurgically joined to the contact surfaces of the sealing materials 53, 54, and 56, making it possible to integrally form a member having a plurality of through holes.

Next, in a second prior art example shown in FIG. 5, a surface plate 62 made of a low atomic number material such as stainless steel is provided on the side facing the plasma in the fusion reactor, and a surface plate 62 with a rectangular cross section is provided on the back side. The cooling pipes 63 are metallurgically joined by brazing or the like. Further, on the side not facing the plasma, a back plate 64 made of a material resistant to neutron damage such as stainless steel is metallurgically joined to the cooling pipe 63 by brazing or the like. The interval between the cooling pipes 63 is changed as necessary based on the flow direction of the cooling water. In this way, the cooling pipe 63 has a rectangular cross section and can be metallurgically joined to the front plate 62 and the back plate 64 without the need for groove machining for installing the cooling pipe 63.

The front plate 62 is made of a material that can withstand the heat and particle load 6l from the plasma, while the back plate 64 is made of a material that can withstand electromagnetic force and pressure, and a cooling pipe 63 is provided between them.

Therefore, the back plate 64 is made into a small-sized divided structure so as not to bear any mechanical load, so that even if a minute crank occurs, its progress can be reduced. Furthermore, even if the front plate 62 suffers from a large crack due to plasma, the back plate 64 is not directly affected, and the mechanical integrity of the first wall is maintained.

Next, in the third prior art example shown in FIG. 6, liquid A liquid metal layer 74 filled with metal 75 is provided, and a blennium portion 7 is provided on top of the liquid metal layer 74.
Install 6. Further, a permeable diaphragm 77 is provided on the plasma side, and a coolant 72 is flowed into the coolant channel 73 to cool the structural material.

Charged/neutral tritium particles incident from the surface of the wall 7l are diffused and captured on the side of the liquid metal layer 74 with a low concentration, diffused and transferred to the blenheim part 76, and the permeable diaphragm 77
It is re-emitted to the high vacuum plasma side via the .

Furthermore, in a fourth prior art example shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a metal powder layer 82 is first formed by interposing a metal powder between plate-like bodies 81 and 81' that are arranged opposite to each other. After disposing a plurality of vibrators 88 in the metal powder layer 82, a sealing material 83 is disposed so as to cover the periphery of the plate-shaped body 81.81=. Further, the inside of each pipe 88 is communicated with the outside at both ends thereof to form a through hole 86, and a vibrator 88 is formed.
A sealing material 83 having a window portion is disposed at both ends. In this state, the entire object to be processed is introduced into a vacuum chamber, and the contact portions between each plate-shaped body 8l and each sealing material 83 are electron beam welded, and each vibrator 88 and each sealing material are connected at both ends of each pipe 88. The contact portion with the window portion 83 is also airtightly electron beam welded and then hot isostatically treated to join.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As described above, even in the above-mentioned conventional technology, it is possible to join a hollow member having a through hole to another member without deforming the through hole, and it is possible to support a group of cooling pipes. By separating the functions of the front and back plates, the integrity of the entire cooling wall can be maintained, and charged/neutral tritium particles that enter from the plasma side wall surface are diffused into the liquid metal layer and captured. The tritium is re-released from the upper blenheim part to the plasma side through a permeable diaphragm to suppress the increase in tritium concentration in the coolant, or it is filled into the space formed by the parallel plate-shaped body and the sealing material. Each of these materials has excellent characteristics, such as being able to manufacture laminated materials with high precision and quality and a large number of through holes by sintering pipes placed in metal powder. Ta.

However, in the above-mentioned conventional technology, for example, in the first prior art example, when hot isostatic pressure treatment is performed on hollow members with rectangular cross sections arranged side by side, the corners of the hollow members or members with different plate thicknesses are At the joint, the state of deformation differs due to the difference in rigidity of the plates in response to hydrostatic pressure, resulting in the problem that a sufficient joint cannot be obtained. Next, in the second prior art example, it is difficult to cool the front and back plates sufficiently due to the space between each cooling pipe, and in the third prior art example, the core structural material The structure of the metal powder becomes complicated, and in the fourth prior art example, there is a possibility that concentration unevenness occurs when filling the metal powder.

It is an object of the present invention to eliminate such drawbacks and provide a method for manufacturing a first wall of a fusion reactor that has a simple configuration, has good joining precision, and has a high ability to suppress an increase in tritium concentration in the coolant.

[Means for Solving the Problems 1] The above object is achieved by the method for manufacturing a first wall of a nuclear fusion reactor as set forth in the claims.

In other words, ■. When joining a tube group in which hollow tubes with a square cross section are arranged side by side and a sealing plate member disposed on the peripheral side of the tube group, the hollow tubes are wrapped with metal foil and arranged in parallel, The joint between the tube group and the sealing plate member is maintained at low pressure and airtightly sealed.
A method for manufacturing the first wall of a fusion reactor, which performs hot isostatic pressure treatment while communicating the inside and outside of a hollow tube.

■． Claim 2. The material of the metal foil wrapped around the hollow tube is the same as the material of the sealing plate member. The method for manufacturing the first wall of a fusion reactor as described.

(2) The material of the metal foil wrapped around the hollow tube is a pure metal or alloy that has hydrogen storage properties. The method for manufacturing the first wall of a fusion reactor as described.

■． Claim (2): The material of the metal foil wrapped around the hollow tube is a pure metal or alloy with a low tritium permeation rate. The method for manufacturing the first wall of a fusion reactor as described.

It is.

Hereinafter, the effects and the like of the present invention will be explained based on Examples.

[Example 1] Figures 1 and 2 are diagrams showing an example based on the present invention. Figure 1 shows a plurality of hollow tubes with a rectangular cross section wrapped with metal foil on the outer circumferential side. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1; FIG. In Figures 1 and 2, l
2 is a through hole, 2 is a hollow tube, 3.3' and 4.4' are sealing plate members, 5 is a metal foil, and 6 is a hollow tube corner.

First, a metal foil 5 is wrapped around the outer circumferential side of the hollow tube 2.

At that time, the number of times of wrapping is determined depending on the material and thickness of the metal foil 5 or the use of the metal foil 5, but in any case, the hollow tube 2 and the metal foil 5 should be wrapped so as not to create a gap. and the metal foils 5 are brought into close contact with each other. metal foil 5
A plurality of hollow tubes 2 wound with are prepared and arranged with their sides in contact with each other. Next, sealing plate members 3, 3°, 4.4' are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces and both side surfaces of the hollow tube 2, and the hollow tube 2 is placed at both ends (not shown) of the hollow tube 2.
A sealing plate member having a window portion that is thicker than the inner diameter of the through hole l and smaller than the outer diameter is provided. Furthermore, the contact portions between the sealing plate members 3.3°, 4, and 4°, and the contact portions between the window portion of the sealing plate member having the window member and both ends of the hollow tube 2 were exposed to electron beams, respectively. After welding, etc., the area surrounded by each sealing plate member is evacuated, and each contact portion is completely hermetically sealed by a weld bead. Thereafter, the entire member is subjected to hot isostatic pressure treatment. Thereby, between the side surfaces of the hollow tubes 2 which are in contact with each other, and between each hollow tube 2 and each sealing plate member 3.3', 4.4
゜ The contact surfaces of the sealing plate member having the window portion are metallurgically joined.

At this time, since the hollow tube 2 is in communication with the outside through the window of the sealing plate member, the inside and outside of the hollow tube 2 are maintained at the same pressure, and the sides of each hollow tube 2 are connected to each other through the through holes. 1, and the sides of the hollow tube 2 and each sealing plate member 3.3'. The contact surface with 4.4'' and the contact surface between both end surfaces of the hollow tube 2 and the sealing plate member having a window are similarly metallurgically joined under external pressure.

The pressurizing force during hot isostatic pressure treatment acts uniformly over the entire surface of the member. There were cases where complete joining could not be achieved due to the difference in the amount of deformation of parts such as the hollow tube corners 6, which have different rigidities and come into contact with each other. By inserting the metal foil 5 made of the same material as the plate member, the metal foil 5 that has reached a molten state completely fills the gap between the contact surfaces, resulting in a joint with extremely high precision and excellent joint strength. becomes possible.

In addition, the metal foil 5 wrapped around the hollow tube 2 is made of a hydrogen-absorbing metal such as titanium (T.), zirconium (Z,), or an alloy thereof, or titanium (T.), aluminum (Ae), By joining the hollow tube and the sealing plate member using a metal with a low tritium permeation rate such as copper (C.) or its alloy, the cooling wall has a three-layer structure in which the above-mentioned dissimilar metals are sandwiched. form. Compared to stainless steel, which is the base material of the cooling wall, the tritium permeation rate of each of the above-mentioned dissimilar metals is about 10'-10", so even if dissimilar metals of about 0.1 m thickness are sandwiched together, the plasma side surface The tritium that enters the coolant flowing through the coolant flow path enters the coolant, making it possible to prevent radioactivity from leaking to the outside.

Furthermore, even if physical damage such as cracks occurs in either the base material of the cooling wall or the different metal layer due to the sandwiching of different metals with completely different physical properties, the remaining metal layer will cover the broken part. It has the advantage of being able to prevent growth.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained in the above embodiments, the present invention has the following effects.

■The amount of deformation due to the difference in rigidity when joining members with contact parts of different rigidities, such as the contact parts of members with different thicknesses or the contact parts of hollow tubes with square cross sections, by hot isostatic pressure treatment. By melting and filling metal foil into areas where there is a risk of insufficient bonding strength due to differences in bond strength, it is possible to obtain high-precision, high-strength bonds.

■By using a metal with hydrogen storage property or a metal with a low tritium permeation rate for the metal foil, it is possible to prevent tritium in the fusion reactor from penetrating into the coolant and leaking out to the outside. By adopting a multilayer structure made of metals with different physical properties, it has the effect of suppressing the growth of physical damage such as cracks and increasing the integrity and safety of the cooling wall as a whole. are doing.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 and 2 are diagrams showing an embodiment based on the present invention, in which a plurality of hollow tubes with a square cross section each wrapped with metal foil on the outer circumferential side are arranged side by side, and a plurality of hollow tubes are arranged on the circumferential side. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the hollow tube when it is joined to a sealing plate-like member, and FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1. 3 to 8 are examples of prior art. ■...Through hole, 2...Hollow tube, 3,3
゜, 4.4'...Plate member for sealing, 5...
...Metal foil, 6...Hollow tube corner, 5l...
...Through hole, 52...Hollow member, 53.5
4.56...Seal material, 55...Window part, 57...Airtight seal part, ■...Heat...
Particle load, 62...Front plate, 3...Cooling pipe, 64...Back plate, 1...Plasma side wall, 72... ... Coolant, 3 ... Coolant passage, 74 ... Liquid metal layer, 5 ...
・Liquid metal, 76...Plenum part, 7...
・・Permeable diaphragm, 81.81-・・・Plate body, 2
......Metal powder layer, 83...Sealing material,
4...Weld bead, 86...Through hole,
7...Laminated material, 88...Pipe.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When joining a tube group in which hollow tubes with a rectangular cross section are arranged side by side and a sealing plate member disposed on the circumferential side of the tube group, metal foil is applied to the hollow tubes. The pipes are wrapped and arranged in parallel to maintain a low pressure at the joint between the tube group and the sealing plate member, and to airtightly seal the joint.
A method for manufacturing a first wall of a fusion reactor, characterized by performing hot isostatic pressure treatment with the inside and outside of a hollow tube communicating with each other. 2. The method for manufacturing a first wall of a fusion reactor according to claim 1, wherein the material of the metal foil wrapped around the hollow tube is the same as the material of the sealing plate member. 3. The method for manufacturing a first wall of a nuclear fusion reactor according to claim 1, wherein the material of the metal foil wrapped around the hollow tube is a pure metal or an alloy having hydrogen storage properties. 4. The method for manufacturing a first wall of a nuclear fusion reactor according to claim 1, wherein the material of the metal foil wrapped around the hollow tube is a pure metal or an alloy with a low tritium permeation rate.