JPH0321995A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable speedy transposition matching the actual adjustment of the musical instrument and to facilitate operation by transposing a key to 5th keys upward and downward by a 1st and a 2nd transposing means when adjusting the musical instrument. CONSTITUTION:A reference key storage means stores tonality which a normal performance is given through the basic operation of a performance means as a reference key. Further, the musical instrument is provided with the 1st transposing means 5a and 5b which transposes said tonality of the performance of the basic operation of the performance means to every 5th upper key by an octave shift within a half-octave range from the reference key and the 2nd transposing means 5a and 5c which transposes the tonality to every 5th lower key by an octave shift within a half-octave range from the reference key. Consequently, the transposition matching the actual tonality of the musical instrument is enabled and the performance is facilitated by speedy transposition while given.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Al industrial application field The present invention relates to a transposable electronic musical instrument.

(bl Conventional Technology) Electronic musical instruments are usually tuned to C major, but many of them are made to be transposable in order to make it easier to perform in ensemble with other instruments or play the musical score of a transposing instrument. Transposition means setting the instrument so that it produces sounds in different keys (different pitches) even when played with the same fingering.For example, transposing an instrument that is normally tuned to C major to a 4th higher. Transposing allows you to play F major using normal playing operations.

By the way, many wind instruments are transposing instruments, so even if the score is written in C major, when you actually play this score on that instrument, it will be in B flat major or E flat major. Therefore, in order to easily play this score on an electronic musical instrument, it must be transposed to the same tonality as the wind instrument. By the way, most wind instruments have a tonality that matches the increase or decrease of the b (#) in the key signature, such as F major, flat major, flat major, and E flat major. For example, there are saxophones that play in E-flat major and E-flat major, clarinesothos that play in B-flat major and E-flat major, and horns that play in F-flat major and B-flat major. In this way, transposition between instruments is very often performed by a fifth.

(C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, the transposition function of conventional electronic musical instruments was a method of transposing in semitones, so for example, from C (C major) to F (
If you try to transpose to (,-C#-D-D$
This has the drawback that it is extremely time consuming to transpose the key from E-E-F, and for this reason, it is not possible to transpose the key immediately during performance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument that solves the above problems by allowing the pitch to be transposed up or down by 5 degrees by a transposition operation.

Fd) Means for Solving the Problem (1) The first invention according to this application is an electronic musical instrument having a performance means capable of playing scales, which is capable of producing a pitch that is normally played by basic operations of the performance means. a standard tone storage means for storing a tonality as a standard tone, and an octave shift of the tonality played by the basic operation of the performance means so that it is within a half octave range from the standard tone each time the performance means is operated. a first transposing means that shifts the key by 5 degrees to the upper key while shifting the pitch, and a first transposing means to shift the key by 5 degrees to the upper key by 5 degrees while shifting the key by 5 degrees while shifting the key by an octave so that it is within a range of half an octave from the reference tone each time it is operated; A second transposing means for transposing the key is provided.

(2) A second invention according to this application is an electronic musical instrument having a performance means capable of playing scales, which is provided with two transposition means for transposing the tonality played by basic operations of the performance means, The first transposing means is a means that transposes the key by a semitone each time it is operated, and the second transposing means is a means that transposes the key by a semitone each time it is operated. a standard tone storage means for storing the tonality played by the basic operation of the performance means as a standard tone; The second transposing means is used to shift the key by 5 degrees while shifting the octave so that it is within the range of the octave, and the second transposing means is set to the base 4! Use a second transposition method that shifts the key by an octave so that it is within a half-octave range from the key, and transposes the key by a fifth to the lower key.
The present invention is characterized by providing a function selection means for selectively setting either the second function or the function.

(e) Effect of the Invention In the electronic wind instrument of the present invention, the tonality of the instrument can be transposed to the upper or lower key by 5 degrees by the first and second transposing means. If the basic tonality is C (C major), by operating the first transposition means, C→G-+D-+A-+
The key is transposed as E-+B→..., and by operating the second transposing means, C-F-Bi→El7→A. b→D→
... is said to be repeated. Also, when the tonality is set to B, operating the second transposing means will change the tonality from B to E-+A-+.
It is transposed from D to G to C. Furthermore, in order to prevent the tonality from becoming extremely high or low as a result of successive transpositions, if the result of transposition is more than half an octave away from the standard tonality, it will be shifted by an octave to within half an octave. did. For example, if the standard tonality is C3 and transposition results in G3, this tonality and the standard tonality are five degrees apart. Therefore, if we lower the octave to G2, the gap from C3 will be 4 degrees, which will fall within half an octave. Similarly, if the tonality becomes too low as a result of transposition, raising it an octave will keep it within half an octave of the standard tonality. This makes it possible to transpose to match the tonality of the actual instrument.
In addition to being easier to operate, you can quickly transpose keys while playing to make playing easier. Furthermore, as a result of transposition, the tonality is not biased upward or downward, making it easier to perform.

Furthermore, in the second invention of this application, in addition to the above-mentioned transposition in increments of 45 degrees, it is also possible to transpose in semitone increments as in the past. This allows any transposition to be done instantly.

(') Example Fig. 1 (A). (B) is an external view of a controller 2 for an electronic wind instrument which is an embodiment of the present invention. The same figure (A) is a front view, and the same figure (B) is a rear view. This electronic wind instrument consists of a controller 2 having a shape similar to the woodwind instrument shown in this figure, and a tone generator 1 (see FIG. 2) that generates musical tone signals, and these are connected by a connector cable.

In FIG. 1, this controller 2 has a shape similar to a woodwind instrument such as a soprano saxophone, and has a mouthpiece portion 3 at the tip. The player places his or her mouth on the mouthpiece section 3 and blows into the mouthpiece section 3 to play. A breath sensor 21 (second
(see figure) is provided, and this breath sensor 21 detects the strength of the breath (press strength). Externally, there are pitch keys 7 (7-1 to ?-1 3) for determining the pitch within the octave of the musical tones to be sounded, and octave keys 8 (8-
0 to 8-2), and these pitch keys 7 and octave keys 8 constitute performance keys. The pitch can be determined by operating these performance keys with a fingering pattern (key pattern) similar to that of a saxophone. Further, a wheel switch 10 is provided on the back of the controller 2. The wheel switch 10 is an operator that can swing at a certain angle in the direction of the arrow in the figure, and is operated with the thumb of the right hand. The swing angle of this wheel switch IO is detected by a permanent magnet and a Hall element. That is, a permanent magnet is provided in the wheel switch 10, and a Hall element is provided in the controller body facing the permanent magnet.

As the wheel switch IO swings, the distance between the permanent magnet and the Hall element changes, and as the resistance value of the Hall element changes, the swing angle of the wheel switch 10 is electrically detected. Furthermore, a connector opening 1l is provided at the bottom of the back surface of the controller 2.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the control section of the electronic wind instrument. This electronic wind instrument consists of the controller 2 shown in FIG. and output as sound (Raku a).

The sound source unit 1 is controlled by a CPU 20. C.P.
U20 is connected to each operating section via a bus 24.

The bus 24 includes an interface 23 and a fingering data ROM.
2 9, tone data ROM30, program ROM3
1, data ROM3 2, RAM33. An engine generator 34 and a display section 27 are connected. The controller 2 is connected to the interface 23 via the A/D conversion circuit 22, and the foot switch 1)
and a function switch 5 are connected. From the controller 2, the outputs of the breath sensor 21, wheel switch 10, and performance keys 7.8 are input manually as operation data signals. In addition, the function switch 5 is a transpose mode switch 5 a +, +1 switch 5b, -1 switch 7
5C, tone setting switch, etc. Furthermore, the tone signal of an audible frequency generated by the tone generator 34 is sent to an effect circuit 35, D, which imparts various effects such as acoustic effects.
The signal is output to the speaker system 40 via the /A conversion circuit 36 and amplifier 37. The transpose mode changeover switch 5a is +■ switch 5b. -1 This is a switch that allows you to change the pitch by 5 degrees or by semitones by operating the 5C.

The fingering data ROM 29 stores a table associating the key patterns of the performance keys 7 and 8 with the pitches of musical tones to be produced, and the timbre data ROM 32 stores a table of the tones that can be produced by this sound source unit 1. Waveform data etc. are stored. Further, the program ROM 31 stores a program for controlling the operation of this tone generator unit, and the data ROM 32 stores various tone control data.

Further, a transpose mode flag F and a transpose register R are set in the RAM 33 as shown in FIG. The transpose mode flag F is set by turning on the transpose mode switch 5a.
/ is reset, and when this flag is set, the mode transposes the key by a fifth degree (fifth mode), and when it is reset, the transpose register transposes the key by a semitone (semitone mode). This is a register for storing data. This slance pause value is added to or subtracted from the pitch determined by the key pattern (fingering) to determine the final pitch.

FIGS. 4(A) to 4(D) are flowcharts showing the operation of the C P tJ 20. (A) is the main routine, and (B) to (D) are the subroutines when the mode selector switch 5a, +1 switch 5b, and -1 switch 5c are turned on. )'s main routine.

This operation starts when the power switch of this electronic wind instrument is turned on. First, initialization processing such as resetting registers and flags is executed in nl. At this time, the transpose register R is set to 0. This initialization process enables the electronic wind instrument to play. Next, an on event of the function switch is detected at n2. When either the transpose mode changeover switch 5a or the +l switch 5b or -1 switch 5c among the function switches is turned on, the operations shown in FIGS. Following this operation, the on/off state and operation state of each operator provided on the controller 2 is detected (n3 to n
5). First, in n3, the key pattern of the performance keys is detected. The key pattern detected by this operation is converted into fingering data RO.
The specified pitch is determined by comparing it with the contents of M29. At n4, breath data is detected. Based on this data, the volume level of the musical tone to be produced is determined. Next, wheel switch position data (operation amount data of the wheel switch 10) is detected (n5). Wheel switch data is used to control bitch bend amount and vibrato amount.

Next, the timbre waveform data of the musical tone to be generated is determined and outputted to the tone generator 34 (n6), and the pitch of the musical tone to be generated is determined from the above data and outputted to the tone generator l1 (n7), Key-on/off data based on the volume and the output of the breath sensor 21 is output to the 1--engine generator 34, and the process returns to n2.

During operation of this musical instrument, operations n2 to n8 are repeatedly executed. Note that if the detected value of the breath sensor 21 is below a certain value, key-off data is sent to the tone generator 34, so no musical tone is produced no matter what operation is performed.

The figure (B) shows the transpose mode changeover switch 5a.
Shows the behavior when is turned on. When the transpose mode changeover switch 5a is turned on, the transpose mode flag F is inverted (nlO) and the process returns. That is, the transpose mode changeover switch 5a is a toggle switch that can be turned on repeatedly to alternately change between the fifth mode and the semitone mode.

FIG. 5C shows the operation when the +1 switch 5b is turned on. When the +1 switch 5b is turned on, first, the transpose mode flag F is referred to and it is determined whether the mode is a 5th mode or a semitone mode (nil). If in 5th mode, enter 7 (semitone number of 5th) in the transpose register.
(nl2), resulting in a transpose value of 6
It is determined whether or not the above value has been reached (nl3). If it is lower than 6-hi, it will be lowered by an octave (
-12) (nl4). I will return after this. On the other hand, if the mode is the semitone mode, the process proceeds from nil to nl5, adds 1 to the fundamental tone register, and returns.

FIG. 5(D) shows the operation when the -1 switch 5C is turned on. When the -1 switch 5C is turned on, first, the transpose mode flag F is referred to and it is determined whether the mode is a 5th mode or a semitone mode (nl6). In 5th mode, subtract 7 from the transpose register (n1
7L, it is determined whether or not the transpose value has become -7 or less (nl8). If it is below -7, the pitch is shifted up an octave (+l2) to limit the fall in the range (n.19). I will return after this. On the other hand, if the mode is the semitone mode, the process proceeds from nl6 to n20, subtracts 1 from the fundamental tone register, and returns.

(Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the electronic musical instrument of the present invention, the key increases or decreases by a fifth every time the transposition operation is performed, so it is possible to quickly transpose the key in accordance with the tonality of the actual musical instrument. This makes it easier to operate, and allows for quick transposition during performance, making it easier to play.Also, as a result of transposition, the tonality is not biased upwards or downwards, making it easier to play. By making it possible to perform both f polyphonic transposition and conventional semitone transposition, any transposition can be done instantly.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1(A) and 1(B) are diagrams showing the appearance of an electronic wind instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the control section of the electronic wind instrument, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the RA of the control section. FIGS. 4(A) to 4(D) are flowcharts showing the operation of each control section of M. 5a...Transpose mode selector switch, 5b...
...+1 switch, 5C...-1 switch.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In an electronic musical instrument having a performance means capable of playing scales, a standard tone storage means stores a tonality played by basic operations of the performance means as a standard tone in normal times; and a basic tone of the performance means. a first transposing means that transposes the tonality played by the above-mentioned operation to a key of 5 degrees above the reference key while shifting the tonality by an octave so that it is within a range of half an octave from the reference key each time the key is operated; , a second transposing means for transposing the key by 5 degrees while shifting the key by an octave to within a range of half an octave from the reference key each time the key is operated. electronic musical instrument. (2) In an electronic musical instrument having a performance means capable of playing scales, two transposition means are provided for transposing the tonality played by the basic operation of the performance means, and the first transposition means is changed every time it is operated. a first function of transposing the key one semitone at a time, and a second transposing means transposing the key one semitone below each time it is operated; a standard tone storage means for storing a tonality played by a basic operation as a standard tone; and a first transposing means that shifts an octave so that it is within a half octave range from the standard tone each time it is operated. In addition, the second transposing means is shifted by an octave so that it is within a range of half an octave from the reference tone each time it is operated.
An electronic musical instrument characterized by having a second function of using a second transposing means for transposing to a lower key by degrees, and a function selection means for selectively setting one of the following functions.