JPH03220904A - Planer antenna - Google Patents
Planer antennaInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03220904A JPH03220904A JP1713790A JP1713790A JPH03220904A JP H03220904 A JPH03220904 A JP H03220904A JP 1713790 A JP1713790 A JP 1713790A JP 1713790 A JP1713790 A JP 1713790A JP H03220904 A JPH03220904 A JP H03220904A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- circuit board
- radiation
- feeding
- hole
- pattern
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
Description
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、マイクロ波帯等の衛星通信用に用いられる平
面アンテナに関するものである。
［従来の技術］
従来、平面アンテナとしては、複数個Ｊ）パッチ素子を
並べたもの、導波管に複数個のスロットを設けたもの等
が検討されてきた。しかしながら、これらのものは、一
般的に狭帯域であり、特に衛星通信分野には適応が困難
であった。
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
そこで、広帯域化のため、放射素子にパッチ素子と環状
スロット素子からなる形状を採用し、電磁気的な係合に
より給電される形式の平面アンテナが開発された。
二の平面アンテナは、放送衛星等の比較的大パワーの衛
星や、その他のマイクロ波機器には対応が可能であるが
、通信衛星等の小パワーの衛星利用のためには、その給
電損失が大きく充分な性能が得られないという問題があ
った。
本発明は、上述の点に鑑みて提供したものであって、給
電損失が極小で、高効率、広帯域な直線偏波用の平面ア
ンテナを提供することを目的としたものである。
［課題を解決するための手段］
本発明は、放射回路板を、単一または複数個の正方形若
しくは円形の穴を設けた金属板若しくはプリント基板て
構成し、放射回路板の上記穴に対応して給電回路板の給
電回路を配置したものである。
［作 用］
而して、放射回路板の穴を介して放射を行うようにして
いる。
［実施例］
以下、本発明の実施例を図面を参照して説明する。第１
図は全体の分解斜視図を、第２図は断面図を夫々示すも
のである。下から地導体１、給電回路板２及び放射回路
板４とを積層して構成され、給電回路板２には導電性の
パターン３にて給電回路を形成している。また、放射回
路板４には正方形の穴５を形成して放射回路を形成し、
この穴５の下方に給電回路板２のパターン３の先端部が
位置するようにしている。尚、第２図において、地導体
１と給電回路板２との間、給電回路板２と放射回路板４
との間には空気層あるいは誘電体が設けである。また、
放射回路板４の穴５は第３図（ａ）に示すような正方形
だけでなく、同図（ｂ）に示すような円形の穴５でもよ
い。そして、第３図に示すように、給電回路のパターン
３の先端部が穴５の中央部にくるように、パターン３を
穴５の下方に位置させている。尚、穴５は一般には複数
個形成されるが、給電回路の構成により１つの場きもあ
る。
放射は放射回路板４の穴５を介して行われ、第４図に示
すような従来のスロットとは異なるものである。従来例
を示す第４図（ａ）は放射回路板４に四角状で環状のス
ロット６を形成し、中央には放射素子７を形成し、放射
素子７の下方に給電回路のパターン３を配置したもので
あり、同図（ｂ）は中央の放射素子７と周囲のパターン
とを橋絡したもので“ある。また、同図（ｃ）（ｄ）は
スロット６を円形にした場合であり、同図（ｅ）は長方
形のスロット６の端部下方にパターン３を配置した場合
、同図（ｆ）は２つ０長方形のスロット６を形成し、方
のスロット６の下方にパターン３を配置した場き、同図
（ｇ＞は長方形のスロット６の下方にパターン３を配置
した場合である。
第３図に示すような穴５形状の放射素子の場きは、給電
回路のパターン３から放射素子までの距離を従来の環状
０スロツト６の放射素子の場合に比較して、大きく隔離
することが可能となることが実験の結果明らかとなった
。従って、給電回路の給電線（パターン３）損失の改善
が可能となり、極めて高効率となる。
第５図に給電回路のパターン３を形成した給電回路板２
から放射素子つまり放射回路板４まての距＄１ｉ ｈ
、による給電回路パターン３の損失のデータを示す。尚
、地導体１と給電回路板２との間の距離ｂ ｚは一定で
あり、ｈ２を２１１１ｍとしている。
第５図から明らかなように、給電回路板２と放射回路板
４との間の距＠ ｈ 、を大きくとれる本発明の放射素
子パターンでは、従来のトリプレート型（ｈ Ｉ ＝
ｈ ２ ）に比べ、はるかに低損失化が可能となるもの
である。
特に限定しないが、実験の結果では、給電回路板２上地
導体１の間の距離が＾。／１０以下（ただし、＾０は自
由空間波長）、給電回路板２と放射回路板４との間の距
離が＾。／′１０〜＾、１５程度が最も高効率になるこ
とが明らかとなった。更に、放射回路板４は金属板を打
ち抜いて製造することにより、安価に製造できるのみな
らず、放射回路板４の表面の凹凸の発生が防止でき、極
めて性能が安定することが明らかとなった。更に、低損
失化のためには、地導体１、給電回路板２、放射回路板
４は空間層もしくは発泡プラス千・７クシ−トを介して
隔離することが望ましい。
第６図はアンテナ性能を示すものであり、これは、アル
ミニウム板に正方形の穴５を複数個打ち抜いたものを放
射回路板４とし、給電回路板２とはλ。１５隔離し、給
電回路板４上地導体１とはλ。／′１０隔離した場合の
実測例である。同図（ａ）はリターンロスの場合を示し
、同図（ｂ）はアンテナ効率の場きを示している。第６
図から明らかなように、ＩＧＨｚ以上の帯域にわたり、
極めて高効率なアンテナが得られることがわかる。
次に、具体例を示す。[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a flat antenna used for satellite communication in the microwave band or the like. [Prior Art] Conventionally, planar antennas such as those in which a plurality of patch elements are lined up, and those in which a plurality of slots are provided in a waveguide have been considered. However, these devices generally have narrow bands and are difficult to apply, especially to the satellite communications field. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Therefore, in order to widen the band, a planar antenna was developed in which the radiating element has a shape consisting of a patch element and an annular slot element, and power is supplied through electromagnetic engagement. The second type of flat antenna can be used for relatively high power satellites such as broadcasting satellites and other microwave equipment, but for use with low power satellites such as communication satellites, the power feeding loss is There was a problem that sufficient performance could not be obtained. The present invention has been provided in view of the above-mentioned points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a linearly polarized planar antenna with minimal feeding loss, high efficiency, and a wide band. [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention comprises a radiation circuit board made of a metal plate or a printed circuit board provided with a single or plural square or circular holes, and a radiation circuit board that corresponds to the holes in the radiation circuit board. The power supply circuit of the power supply circuit board is arranged as follows. [Function] Thus, radiation is performed through the hole in the radiation circuit board. [Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1st
The figure shows an exploded perspective view of the whole, and FIG. 2 shows a sectional view. It is constructed by laminating a ground conductor 1, a power supply circuit board 2, and a radiation circuit board 4 from the bottom, and the power supply circuit board 2 has a conductive pattern 3 forming a power supply circuit. Further, a square hole 5 is formed in the radiation circuit board 4 to form a radiation circuit,
The tip of the pattern 3 of the power supply circuit board 2 is positioned below this hole 5. In addition, in FIG. 2, between the ground conductor 1 and the feeder circuit board 2, the feeder circuit board 2 and the radiation circuit board 4
An air layer or a dielectric material is provided between the two. Also,
The holes 5 in the radiation circuit board 4 are not limited to square holes as shown in FIG. 3(a), but may also be circular holes 5 as shown in FIG. 3(b). As shown in FIG. 3, the pattern 3 of the power supply circuit is positioned below the hole 5 so that the tip of the pattern 3 is located in the center of the hole 5. Although a plurality of holes 5 are generally formed, there may be one hole 5 depending on the configuration of the power supply circuit. Radiation takes place through holes 5 in the radiating circuit board 4, which are different from conventional slots as shown in FIG. FIG. 4(a) shows a conventional example, in which a rectangular and annular slot 6 is formed in a radiating circuit board 4, a radiating element 7 is formed in the center, and a feeding circuit pattern 3 is arranged below the radiating element 7. The figure (b) shows the case where the central radiating element 7 and the surrounding pattern are bridged. The figure (c) and (d) show the case where the slot 6 is circular. , the same figure (e) shows a case where the pattern 3 is placed below the end of the rectangular slot 6, and the same figure (f) shows that a 20 rectangular slot 6 is formed and the pattern 3 is placed below the other slot 6. When arranged, the same figure (g> is the case where pattern 3 is arranged below the rectangular slot 6. In the case of a radiating element having a hole 5 shape as shown in Fig. 3, pattern 3 of the feeding circuit As a result of experiments, it has become clear that the distance from the radiating element to the radiating element can be greatly isolated compared to the case of the conventional radiating element with the annular zero slot 6. 3) Loss can be improved, resulting in extremely high efficiency. Figure 5 shows the power supply circuit board 2 on which the power supply circuit pattern 3 is formed.
Distance from the radiating element, that is, the radiating circuit board 4 $1i h
, shows loss data of power supply circuit pattern 3 due to . Note that the distance bz between the ground conductor 1 and the power supply circuit board 2 is constant, and h2 is set to 2111 m. As is clear from FIG. 5, the radiating element pattern of the present invention that allows a large distance @ h between the feeding circuit board 2 and the radiating circuit board 4 is different from the conventional triplate type (h I =
h 2 ), it is possible to achieve much lower loss. Although not particularly limited, the experimental results show that the distance between the power supply circuit board 2 and the ground conductor 1 is ^. /10 or less (where ^0 is the free space wavelength), and the distance between the feeding circuit board 2 and the radiating circuit board 4 is ^. /'10~^, it became clear that about 15 provides the highest efficiency. Furthermore, it has been found that by manufacturing the radiating circuit board 4 by punching out a metal plate, it is not only possible to manufacture it at a low cost, but also prevents the occurrence of unevenness on the surface of the radiating circuit board 4, resulting in extremely stable performance. . Furthermore, in order to reduce loss, it is desirable to isolate the ground conductor 1, feeder circuit board 2, and radiation circuit board 4 via a space layer or a foamed plush sheet. FIG. 6 shows the antenna performance, in which the radiation circuit board 4 is an aluminum plate with a plurality of square holes 5 punched out, and the feeding circuit board 2 is λ. 15 is isolated from the feeder circuit board 4 and the ground conductor 1 is λ. This is an actual measurement example in the case of /'10 isolation. The figure (a) shows the case of return loss, and the figure (b) shows the case of antenna efficiency. 6th
As is clear from the figure, over the band above IGHz,
It can be seen that an extremely highly efficient antenna can be obtained. Next, a specific example will be shown.
【具体例１】
まず、実施手順を以下に示す。
■ 市販０アルミニウム板（Ｑ、５ｍｍ厚〉に、−辺が
１５１の正方形の穴を３２Ｘ３２の１０２４個打ち抜き
、これを放射回路板とする。
■ ■の放射素子（穴）のそれぞれに電磁気的結きが可
能なようなく第３図に示すような配置構成〉給電回路を
設計し、市販のフレキシブルプリント基板にエツチング
加工し、これを給電回路板とする。
■ 市販のアルミニウム板（２曽餉厚）を地導体とし、
市販の発泡ポリエチレンシート（１問厚〉を介して、■
の給電回路板を設置し、更に、３問厚の発泡ポリエチレ
ンシートを介して■の放射回路板を設置し、アンテナを
製造する。
■のアンテナは、１１．５〜１３ Ｇ Ｈｚにわたり、
６５％以上の効率を連敗することが確認された。[Specific Example 1] First, the implementation procedure is shown below. ■ Punch out 1024 32x32 square holes with negative sides of 151 on a commercially available aluminum plate (Q, 5 mm thick) and use this as a radiating circuit board. ■ Connect each of the radiating elements (holes) with electromagnetic connections. Design a power supply circuit and etch it onto a commercially available flexible printed circuit board, and use this as the power supply circuit board. ■ A commercially available aluminum plate (2mm thick) ) as a ground conductor,
■ Through a commercially available foamed polyethylene sheet (1 question thickness)
A feeding circuit board (2) is installed, and a radiation circuit board (3) is further installed via a foamed polyethylene sheet with a thickness of 3 mm to manufacture an antenna. ■The antenna ranges from 11.5 to 13 GHz,
It was confirmed that the efficiency of consecutive losses was more than 65%.
【具体例２］
上記の具体例１の手順■の正方形の穴の代わりに、直径
１６１の円形の穴を打ち抜いても、同様の効果が得られ
た。
【具体例３】
上記具体例１の手順■の１曽餉厚の発泡ポリエチレンシ
ートの代わりに、２１１Ｍ厚の発泡ポリエチレンシート
と、３１厚の発泡ポリエチレンシートの代わりに、４１
厚の発泡ポリエチレンシートを使用した場合、効率が３
％改善され、且つ帯域も５００ＭＨｚ広くなることが確
認できた。[Specific Example 2] A similar effect was obtained by punching a circular hole with a diameter of 161 mm instead of the square hole in Step ① of the above-mentioned Specific Example 1. [Specific Example 3] In place of the foamed polyethylene sheet with a thickness of 1 mm in step ① of the above concrete example 1, a foamed polyethylene sheet with a thickness of 211M and a foamed polyethylene sheet with a thickness of 31M were used.
When using a thick foamed polyethylene sheet, the efficiency is 3
% improvement, and it was confirmed that the band was also widened by 500 MHz.
【具体例４】
具体例１グ）手順■のそれぞれ１問厚、３ｍｍ厚の発泡
ポリエチレンシートの代わりに、それぞれ２Ｉ厚の同じ
厚みの発泡ポリエチレンシートを使用しても同様の効果
が得られた。
【具体ＩＭ５］
具体例１の手順■の打ち抜きの代わりに、市販Ｊ）フレ
キシブルプリント基板にエツチング加工したものを使田
しても同等の効果が得られた。
［発明の効果］
本発明は上述力ように、放射回路板を、単一または複数
個の正方形若しくは円形の穴を設けた金属板若しくはプ
リント基板で構成し、放射回路板の上記穴に対応して給
電回路板の給電回路を配置したものであるから、放射回
路板の穴を介して放射を行うことで、極めて高効率、広
帯域な直線偏波アンテナを、安価に製造することができ
る効果を奏するものである。
また、請求項２では、放射回路板を金属板を打ち抜いて
形成することで、安価に製造できるのみならず、放射回
路板４の表面の凹凸の発生が防止でき、極めて性能が安
定するものである。
更に、請求項３ては、放射回路板、給電回路板、地導体
が夫々空間層若しくは発泡プラスチ１クシートからなる
スペーサを介して隔離配置した二とで、低損失化を図る
ことができる。
また、請求項４では、放射回路板と給電回路板との間隔
と、給電回路板上地導体との間隔とを異ならせたことで
、従来のトリプレート型に比べはるかに低損失化を図る
ことができる。
請求項５では、給電回路板と放射回路板との間隔をλ。
／′５〜λ、／１０（λ。：自由空間波長〉とし、給電
回路板上地導体との間隔を＾。／１０以下としたことで
、最も高効率にすることができるものである。[Specific Example 4] The same effect was obtained by using a foamed polyethylene sheet with the same thickness of 2I instead of a foamed polyethylene sheet with a thickness of 1 and 3 mm in each of the steps (1) and (1) in Step (1) of Example 1. . [Specific IM5] In place of the punching in step ① of Specific Example 1, the same effect was obtained by using a commercially available J) flexible printed circuit board that had been etched. [Effects of the Invention] As described above, the present invention comprises a radiation circuit board made of a metal plate or a printed circuit board provided with a single or multiple square or circular holes, and a radiation circuit board that corresponds to the holes in the radiation circuit board. Since the feeder circuit of the feeder circuit board is placed in the radiator circuit board, radiation is carried out through the hole in the radiator circuit board, making it possible to manufacture an extremely highly efficient, wideband, linearly polarized antenna at low cost. It is something to play. Further, in claim 2, by forming the radiation circuit board by punching out a metal plate, not only can it be manufactured at low cost, but also the occurrence of unevenness on the surface of the radiation circuit board 4 can be prevented, resulting in extremely stable performance. be. Furthermore, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the radiation circuit board, the power supply circuit board, and the ground conductor are separated from each other via a spacer layer or a spacer made of a foamed plastic sheet, thereby reducing the loss. Furthermore, in claim 4, the distance between the radiation circuit board and the feeding circuit board and the distance between the ground conductor on the feeding circuit board are made different, thereby achieving much lower loss than the conventional triplate type. be able to. In claim 5, the distance between the feeding circuit board and the radiation circuit board is λ. /'5 to λ, /10 (λ: free space wavelength), and the distance from the conductor on the feeding circuit board to ^./10 or less can achieve the highest efficiency.
第１図は本発明の実施例の分解斜視図、第２図は同上の
断面図、第３図（ａ）は同上の放射回路板の穴を正方形
とした場合の平面図、第３図（ｂ）は放射回路板の穴を
円形とした場きの平面図、第４図（ａ）〜（ｇ）は従来
のスロットの例を示す図、第５図は同上の特性図、第６
図（ａ）は本発明の実施例のリターンロスを示す特性図
、第６図（ｈ）は同上のアンテナ効率を示す特性図であ
る。
１は地導体、２は給電回路板、３はパターン、４は放射
回路板、５は穴である。FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the same, FIG. 3(a) is a plan view of the radiation circuit board with square holes, and FIG. b) is a plan view when the hole in the radiation circuit board is made circular; FIGS. 4(a) to (g) are diagrams showing examples of conventional slots; FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram of the same as above;
FIG. 6(a) is a characteristic diagram showing the return loss of the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6(h) is a characteristic diagram showing the antenna efficiency of the same example. 1 is a ground conductor, 2 is a power supply circuit board, 3 is a pattern, 4 is a radiation circuit board, and 5 is a hole.
Claims (5)
回路を設けた放射回路板とからなる平面アンテナにおい
て、上記放射回路板を、単一または複数個の正方形若し
くは円形の穴を設けた金属板若しくはプリント基板で構
成し、放射回路板の上記穴に対応して給電回路板の給電
回路を配置したことを特徴とする平面アンテナ。(1) In a planar antenna consisting of a ground conductor, a feeding circuit board provided with a feeding circuit, and a radiation circuit board provided with a radiation circuit, the radiation circuit board is 1. A planar antenna comprising a metal plate or a printed circuit board provided with a feed circuit of a feed circuit board corresponding to the hole of the radiation circuit board.
特徴とする請求項１記載の平面アンテナ。(2) The planar antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiation circuit board is formed by punching out a metal plate.
しくは発泡プラスチックシートからなるスペーサを介し
て隔離配置したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の平面ア
ンテナ。(3) The planar antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiating circuit board, the feeding circuit board, and the ground conductor are each separated by a spacer made of a space layer or a foamed plastic sheet.
と地導体との間隔とを異ならせたことを特徴とする請求
項１記載の平面アンテナ。(4) The planar antenna according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the radiation circuit board and the feeding circuit board and the distance between the feeding circuit board and the ground conductor are made different.
λ＿０／１０（λ＿０：自由空間波長）とし、給電回路
板上地導体との間隔をλ＿０／１０以下としたことを特
徴とする請求項１記載の平面アンテナ。(5) The distance between the feeding circuit board and the radiation circuit board is λ_0/5~
2. The planar antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna has a wavelength of λ_0/10 (λ_0: free space wavelength), and a distance from the conductor on the feeding circuit board is λ_0/10 or less.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017137A JP2592534B2 (en) | 1990-01-26 | 1990-01-26 | Planar antenna |
| US08/007,811 US5321411A (en) | 1990-01-26 | 1993-01-22 | Planar antenna for linearly polarized waves |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017137A JP2592534B2 (en) | 1990-01-26 | 1990-01-26 | Planar antenna |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03220904A true JPH03220904A (en) | 1991-09-30 |
| JP2592534B2 JP2592534B2 (en) | 1997-03-19 |
Family
ID=11935634
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017137A Expired - Fee Related JP2592534B2 (en) | 1990-01-26 | 1990-01-26 | Planar antenna |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2592534B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000165136A (en) * | 1998-11-26 | 2000-06-16 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Slot antenna |
| JP2002299949A (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2002-10-11 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Planar array antenna |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4130822A (en) * | 1976-06-30 | 1978-12-19 | Motorola, Inc. | Slot antenna |
| JPH01198806A (en) * | 1988-06-06 | 1989-08-10 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Planar antenna |
-
1990
- 1990-01-26 JP JP2017137A patent/JP2592534B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4130822A (en) * | 1976-06-30 | 1978-12-19 | Motorola, Inc. | Slot antenna |
| JPH01198806A (en) * | 1988-06-06 | 1989-08-10 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Planar antenna |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000165136A (en) * | 1998-11-26 | 2000-06-16 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Slot antenna |
| JP2002299949A (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2002-10-11 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Planar array antenna |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2592534B2 (en) | 1997-03-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |