JPH03223584A - Flame stopper - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain quality assurance as a unit and to fit the device to openings of various dimensions by providing an annular groove on the inside of a casing, providing expansion material in the annular groove, and providing an elastic gasket extended from the casing. CONSTITUTION: A casing 8 includes confronting side walls 10, 12, and an external wall 14 extended between the side walls 10, 12, and an annular groove 20 opened inward is formed by the side walls 10, 12 and the external wall 14. The interior of the annular groove 20 is filled with expansion material 30, an elastic gasket 34 is extended from the casing 8, and the inner surface 36 of the gasket 34 is positioned inside the inner wall 32 of the expansion material 30. In case of a fire, first the gasket 34 seals between a device 4 and a pipe 46 to prevent passing of smoke until it is deteriorated, and then the expansion material 30 is expanded due to heat to fill the space between the inner wall 32 and a pipe 96. Even after the pipe 46 is fused by heat, the expansion material 30 is expanded to fill the space up to the pipe 46, thereby blocking up an opening 42 of a wall 24.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for using an intumescent material to stop the spread of a flame through an opening through which a plastic tube is passed.

(Prior art, problem to be solved by the invention) Internal partitions such as floors and walls of buildings have conduits such as pipes, gas, water, etc.
An insertion tube for supplying power, etc. must be passed through.

For example, when pouring concrete, it is necessary to leave openings for conduits such as pipes.

These openings are often wider than the pipe itself. but,
The presence of such openings reduces the fire resistance of walls and floors between adjacent rooms.

A metal supply insertion tube is not desirable in terms of fire resistance. Due to its thermal conductivity, new ignition can occur on the non-fired side of the partition, allowing the fire to spread through walls and floors. However, when plastic pipes are used, an even bigger problem arises because the pipes themselves are not fire resistant. That is, the pipe may be melted or ignited by the flame, and the flame may pass through the resulting opening and, as a result, pass through the partition.

For these reasons, plastic pipes are not often used in buildings where fire resistance is required for internal partitions.

It is known to fill the space between the partition and the plastic pipe with an expanding material. This material expands when exposed to heat such as flame. A flat strip of intumescent material can be shaped into a ring and attached around the pipe at the opening in the partition. The expanding material expands with the heat of the fire and, in theory, is supposed to plug the hole left by the melting pipe. However, in order to function reliably in this manner, the opening for the pipe must be designed and constructed with great care.

In many cases, different certifications (cer
tification) is required. Simple certification process
Therefore, many combinations of plastic pipe and intumescent materials have not been adopted in multifamily applications.

Several attempts have been made to provide standard fittings that can plug openings, etc. for plastic pipes. This type of flame interrupter is disclosed, for example, in Johnson US Pat. No. 4,221.092. In this patent, an intumescent material is placed within an annular groove in a metal member mounted within an opening in a partition. However, for construction, it is necessary to match the dimensions of this metal member to a predetermined opening of the partition, and it is also necessary to attach the metal member and a predetermined plastic pipe in close contact with each other.

Another fire protection device of the type described above is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,109.423 to Perrain. However, this patent uses a mechanical device such as a shutter to close the opening. Such devices can be relatively expensive and can become clogged if, for example, wet concrete or mortar gets into the shutter.

Wexler U.S. Pat. No. 4,559.745 also states:
A device for stopping flames in plastic pipes is disclosed. However, this patent still uses a mechanical device such as a coil spring to close the opening.

The present invention provides a device for closing openings for plastic pipes in the event of a fire, which can be certified in advance as a single unit and can be adapted to openings of various sizes in partitions. With the goal.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a device of the above-mentioned type which, by being hermetically attached to a plastic pipe, initially blocks smoke from passing through the openings around the pipe, and which, within a certain range, can be used in various diameters. The purpose is to provide something that fits around the pipe.

Further, the present invention provides a fire-resistant partition structure, which includes a structural member, a panel provided on both sides of the structural member, an opening in the panel, a plastic pipe passing from the Dtlo through the partition structure, and a It is an object of the present invention to provide a partition structure, which is provided on at least one side of the structure, and comprises a device for blocking said opening with an intumescent material in the event of a fire on at least one side of the partition structure.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention includes two side walls, an opening extending between the side walls, and an annular outer wall extending between the side walls outside the opening. To provide a flame stopper device having a metal casing having a metal casing having an annular opening groove formed therein. The casing is provided with means for attaching the device to the partition. Further, an expansion material is provided within the groove. Additionally, a resilient gasket extends from the casing with an annular inner surface located inwardly of the moisture barrier material.

The present invention also provides a fire-resistant partition structure for an internal partition of a building with an opening. The opening is for passing a plastic pipe.

The flame stopper described above is installed adjacent to at least one outer surface of the partition through which the plastic pipe passes.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows a flame cutoff device 4 which is an integrated example of the present invention. This device 4 is used together with an identical device 4.1 in a refractory partition structure 6 shown in FIG.

The device 4 comprises a casing 8, preferably made of steel, with opposing side walls 10 and 12, of which side wall 12 is shown in FIG. In addition to non-ferrous metals, the casing can also be constructed from other fire-stable materials. The device 4 includes an outer wall 14 extending between openings 16 and 18 in the side walls. The side walls together with the outer wall form an annular groove 20 that opens inwardly.

Extending outwardly from the outer wall 14 is a disk-shaped metal flange 22 . In this embodiment, the flange 22 is connected to the side wall 12.
It extends outward from the The casing is provided with means for attaching the device to a partition, such as wall 24 shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the means for attachment consist of a plurality of holes 26 through which other fasteners such as nails 28 or screws can pass to connect the device to the partition.

However, the connection can also be made using a strap or other means connected to the device.

The groove 20 is substantially filled with an inflatable material 30 which forms an annulus within the groove 20 and which is attached to the inner wall 3.
2 is formed. Although a variety of intumescent materials can be used, in this specific example 3M Putty 4303 (P
I am using utty 303). However, 3M Corporation's Electrical Product Division
Other materials may also be used, such as 3M brand Fire Barrier Wrap/Strip FS-195 sold by UCT Division. The ring can be formed by looping an appropriately sized strip of expandable material. As is known, this material expands when exposed to high temperatures. In this embodiment, an annular band 33 of paperboard or other suitable material is attached around the inner wall 32 to retain the intumescent material. However, such a border material is not essential.

Extending from the casing 8 is a resilient gasket 34 . The inner surface 36 of this gasket 34 is located further inwardly of the annular inner wall 32 of intumescent material. In this preferred embodiment, the gasket 34 is made of synthetic rubber. However, materials made of natural rubber or other elastomeric materials may also be used. The gasket in this preferred embodiment is located on the flange 22 side of the casing. Therefore, it is located on the low temperature side of the device. However, the gaskets may be located on opposite sides of the casing, and gaskets may be provided on both sides.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a fire-resistant partition structure using devices 4 and 4.1. In some cases, only one device may be used on one side of the divider, but in many cases it is necessary to prevent the spread of fire from either side, and therefore two devices are used. Ru.

The wall 24 has metal or wooden studs covered on both sides by panels 38 and 40. This example uses drywall panels, but other panels can also be used. In fact, the device can also be used on various types of walls, such as concrete walls. Wall 24 includes an opening 42 that passes through panels 38 and 40 as well as internal support structures such as studs 44. This opening is a gap that allows the thermoplastic pipe 46 to pass through. The invention can also be applied to other plastic conduits and supply inserts. The opening through this stud must be at least as large as the diameter of the pipe, and is generally made slightly larger. The opening in the panel is taken slightly larger than the diameter of the casings 8 and 8.1 of the devices 4 and 4,1.

As can be seen from the drawings, the device is connected to the studs using nails 28 prior to installing the drywall panel. Screws and other fixing means can also be repurposed. The drywall panel is then placed over the flanges 22 and 22.1 of the device. The pipe 46 can then pass through the two devices 4 and 4°1 and also on the inner faces 36 and 36.1 of the two gaskets 34 and 34.1.
held closely.

(Operation) Under normal conditions, the device remains as shown in FIG. 2. However, in the event of a fire, gasket 34 initially prevents smoke from passing from one side of wall 24 to the other along the perimeter of pipe 46.

Gasket 34 seals the gap between device 4 and the plastic pipe to prevent smoke from passing through wall 24. As more heat is applied, the expandable material 30 eventually reaches a temperature where it begins to expand.

This temperature varies considerably depending on the type of expansion material, but occurs at 120°C in the case of the aforementioned 3M brand Fire Barrier FS-195. Significant expansion begins at 175°C. Since the gasket 36 is located on the cold side of the device 4, it provides its sealing effect for as long as possible. This gasket will eventually degrade due to heat, by which time the intumescent material 30 has expanded sufficiently to fill the space between the inner wall 32 and the pipe 46. The paperboard liner 33 simply collapses or burns under the force of the expanding material.

This plastic pipe 46 is either melted by heat or compressed inwardly by expanding material under expansion. This expanding material expands sufficiently to completely fill the space occupied by the pipe, thus blocking the opening in the wall.

The chamber 20 formed by the side walls 10 and 12 and the outer wall 14 is configured to cause the expansion material to expand radially inwardly and to direct the expansion in a direction preferred to fill the opening originally occupied by the pipe 46. to work.

Device 4.1 works similarly to device 4, but prevents the flame from spreading in the opposite direction, ie the flame originating on the lower side of wall 24 in FIG. 2.

Those skilled in the art will readily understand that modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention as interpreted based on the claims.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a specific example of the flame stopper of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a fire-resistant partition structure constructed using a pair of flame stoppers of the present invention. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram. In addition, in the drawing, 444...Flame stopper, 6...Fireproof partition structure, 8
．． 81...Casing, 10.12...Side wall, 14
・Outer wall, 16. 18... Opening, 20... Annular groove, 2
2...flange, 24...wall, 26...hole, 28...
・Fixing tool, 30... Expansion material, 32... Inner wall, 3
3. Edge material, 34. Gasket, 36.36.1.
...inner side, 3840...panel, 42...opening,
44...Internal structure, 46...Pipe.

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) It has two side walls, an opening extending between the side walls, and an annular outer wall extending between the side walls outside the opening, and an annular opening inward. a casing in which a groove is formed; a means provided in the casing for mounting a device around an opening in the partition; an inflatable material provided in the groove; and a moisture-proofing material provided extending from the casing. A flame stopper comprising: an elastic gasket having an annular inner surface located inwardly from the gasket; 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the gasket is made of an elastomeric material. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a flange extending outside and connected to the outer wall of the casing. (4) A fire-resistant partition structure comprising: a) an internal building partition with an opening; b) a plastic conduit extending through the opening; c) a flame stopper; i) the flame stopper device comprises an annular casing adjacent one of the outer surfaces of the internal partition, the casing having two side walls and an opening adapted to the opening in the outer surface for passing a plastic conduit; an outer wall extending between edges of both side walls of the casing; ii) the flame stopper also has one of the side walls of the casing adjacent to the outer surface of the partition, and the other side wall of the casing adjacent to the outer surface of the partition; means for connecting the casing to the partition outwardly from the outer surface; iii) the flame stop device also includes an annular member of expanded material disposed within the casing and about the pipe; iv) ) The flame stopper further includes an annular gasket that extends inward of the casing and has an inner surface that tightly fits around the pipe. (5) The partition structure according to claim 4, wherein the gasket has elasticity and is adjacent to one of both side walls of the casing. (6) The partition structure according to claim 4, further comprising an annular flange extending outward from the casing and adjacent to an outer surface of the internal partition of the building. (7) The partition structure according to claim 6, wherein the internal structural member of the internal partition of the building is covered with a panel, and the flange is located between the structural member and the panel. (8) A second flame stopper having the above-mentioned flange is also provided on the other outer surface of the internal partition of the building, and the flange is located between the internal structural member and the panel. Partition structure described in 7.