JPH0322554Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the invention] <Industrial application field> This invention relates to the blades of windmills, water turbines, etc., and includes blades that are attached individually or intermittently in the circulation belt stretched between two shafts. .

<Conventional technology> The blades of windmills and water turbines are movably mounted, and the direction of the blades is changed between the drive stroke, in which each blade rotates the axle, and the return stroke, in which it is turned against the flow by the axle. The idea of doing so is well known. For example, Jitsukaiaki
In the device disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 54-182745, the blades on the return stroke are turned parallel to the water flow to minimize resistance.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> Not limited to the above-mentioned conventional technology, all blades of wind turbines and water turbines are, in principle, rigid bodies. Therefore, if the blades of the water turbine of the disclosed invention are made concave to increase the water capture rate during the drive stroke, the resistance will increase in the return stroke by the amount of the concave surface, and the result will not be very advantageous. This was the weak point of the movable vane system, which aims for maximum efficiency.

<Means for solving the problem> This invention made the movable blades flexible for the first time, making use of the force of the flow so that they became concave during the drive stroke, and were blown away to become flat during the return stroke.

In other words, the blades of the windmill, waterwheel, etc. of this invention are shaped like gates or parallel rods along a plane parallel to the axis, from an axis perpendicular to the flow, or from a circulation zone that rotates the axis.
a rectangular and flexible support frame projecting outward, with one side parallel to the axis, or only both ends of one side, attached to the top of the support frame, so that it can be swept between the legs of the support frame; A horizontal bar that is a straight bar longer than the distance between the legs of the support frame and is fixed to the entire length of the free end of the wing board, with the remaining ends protruding evenly to the outside of the wing board. and horizontal bar stoppers for receiving both ends of the horizontal bar at both legs of the support frame, and in a position where the support frame moves against the flow, the blade plate is blown away in a flat plate shape. , at the position where the support frame moves due to being pushed by the current, the horizontal bar of the slat that had been blown away is stretched between both legs of the support frame, and both ends of the horizontal bar are received by the stoppers. At the same time, the slats are sized so that they swell into a sail shape.

<Operation> The object of this invention is a blade that rotates on an axis perpendicular to the flow, not a blade that rotates on an axis along the flow.

Since the slat support frame of this invention is gate-shaped or parallel bar-shaped, the flow passes freely between the legs. Therefore, not only is there less resistance during the return stroke of the support frame, but when moving from the drive stroke to the return stroke, the horizontal bar is hooked to the stopper and the blade plate stretched on the front of the support frame is controlled to reduce the flow between the legs. Push it off from the back and blow it away.

The swept vane has the least flow resistance and requires the least amount of shaft drive torque for the return stroke.

The transition from the return stroke to the drive stroke occurs when both the blown-away vane and the support frame become parallel to the flow, and the flow soon begins to press the vane and its horizontal rod against the front of the support frame. At the beginning, the horizontal bar is just resting on the front of the support frame, but eventually the thrust of the current causes the blades to swell like a sail on a ship, and the horizontal bar moves on the front of the support frame, moving to the left and right stoppers. Get caught. This allows the support plate to be stretched around the support frame like a sail with an appropriate amount of deflection, allowing it to better catch the flow.

<Example> Figure 1 shows an example water turbine to which this invention is applied. The arrow on the left side of the diagram indicates the direction of water flow. Although the shaft 1 of the water wheel is horizontal and perpendicular to the water flow, it may of course be provided vertically.

A vane plate support frame 2 projects radially from the shaft 1. The support frame 2 has a gate shape or a parallel bar shape, and one side of a rectangular wing board 3 parallel to the axis 1 is attached to the top of the support frame 2, so that the wing board 3 is in a length that allows windsocking.

The material for the vane plate 3 may be any material that is highly corrosion resistant, flexible, and resistant to bending fatigue, such as strong cloth, various resin sheets, and thin metal plates. As for how to attach it, if the support frame 2 is gate-shaped, one side is attached to the top cross member, and if it is parallel bar-shaped, both ends of one side of the blade plate 3 are attached to the end of the bar. The attachment means may include rivets, adhesives, etc., or one side may be made into a tubular shape and the cross member of the support frame may be passed through it.

The shape of the blade plate 3 is approximately rectangular, and its dimensions can be easily set to such a width that it can be sunk between the legs of the support frame 2, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. However, the shape of the support frame 2 and the dimensions of the blade plate 3 are not limited to these.

The horizontal bar 4 attached to the free end of the slat 3 has a suitable weight, has both ends protruding to the outside of the slat 3, and has dimensions such that it rests on both legs of the support frame 2. If the wing plate 3 is made of cloth, it also acts as a reinforcing bone to prevent the free end from deflecting.

There are horizontal bar stoppers 5 on the left and right sides of the front surface of the support frame 2, that is, the surface that comes into contact with the flow during the driving stroke. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the stoppers 5 are grooves dug into each of the legs of the support frame 2. The stopper 5 in the embodiment of FIG. 2 is a pin or a threaded rod. The groove of the stopper 5 shown in FIG. 1 is relatively deep to prevent the horizontal bar 4 from being dislodged by the force of the flow pushing against the deflected vane plate 3. In this respect, the stopper 5 shown in FIG. 2 has a sufficient deterrent force, and there is no risk of weakening the strength of the support frame 2 by digging a groove.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is different from the embodiment shown in FIG.
The point is that a pressure reduction prevention plate 6 is added to prevent the pressure of the captured flow from weakening. A fin plate-shaped decompression prevention plate 6 built on the rear surface of both legs of the support frame 2 and oriented along the flow sandwiches the left and right sides of the deflected wing plate 3 to provide a horizontal escape route for water and wind. Block. Of course, some gap is created between the deflected blade plate 3 and the depressurization prevention plate 6, and the flow escapes from there. The more efficiently the flow pressure is used to drive the blades and then released from the sides to the rear, the more efficient the blades will be.

Next, the operation of the flexible vane plate 3 unique to this invention will be explained with reference to FIG.

The top of the support frame 2, that is, the part where the blade plate 3 is attached extends from the shaft 1 in a direction directly opposite to the flow, is designated as A.
The support frame 2 rotates together with the shaft 1 and rotates B, C, D, E,
During one rotation of F, G, H, A, the blade plate 3
Transform as shown in the diagram.

That is, at A, the vane plate 3, which had been extended in the same attitude as it was blown away by the flow in the previous return stroke (the upper half of the figure), places its horizontal bar 4 on the front surface of the support frame 2. When the rotation reaches B, the thrust of the flow causes the blade plate 3 to bend downward in the figure, so that the horizontal bar 4 slides on the front surface of the support frame 2 and is caught by the stopper 5.

Thereafter, the slats 3 are stretched like a sail between the top of the support frame 2 and the horizontal bar 4 supported by the stopper 5.
swells and catches the flow and rotates to B, C, and D. At the end of this driving stroke (the lower half of the diagram), that is, when reaching E, the vanes 3 are parallel to the flow, so they are not subjected to any force in the direction of inflating the sail, and are in a relaxed state.

When the inlet F of the return stroke is reached, the thrust of the flow pushes the vane plate 3 in the opposite direction and removes the horizontal bar 4 from the stopper 5. The vane plate 3 is now blown away by the flow and has completed half the return journey to A via G and H.

In addition to rotating the blades of the windmill and water turbine of this invention directly by attaching a support frame to the shaft, the shaft can also be rotated through a support frame and blade plates attached to an endless circulation zone such as a chain.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is a simple one, in which a pair of shafts 1, 1 are connected by a connecting member 7, an endless chain 9 is wound around each chain wheel 8 attached to each shaft 1, and each individual chain of the chain 9 is Support frame 2, slat 3
is installed. Of course, you can also attach it to individual items.

Figure 5 shows an example of applying this method to a tidal or ocean current power generation device. A vertical support shaft 11 is fixed to the tower of the foundation 10 on the seabed, and a floating chain wheel 8' is attached to it, while power generation equipment and other equipment (not shown) are mounted on a floating deck 12 on the sea surface, and the driving shaft 1 is vertically submerged in the sea. The chain wheel 8 and the idler chain wheel 8' are held at a constant distance by the connecting member 7, and a part of the chain wheel 8, 8' is connected to the shaft of the chain wheel 8 via the shock absorber 13. Wrap chain 9 around it. The chain 9 includes a support frame 2 of this invention, similar to the one shown in FIG.
A vane plate 3 is attached. Therefore, when the direction of the ocean current changes, the position of the floating deck 12 and the orientation of the connecting member 7 change accordingly, and the vane plate 3 always rotates the driving shaft 1 together with the chain 9 in the direction that best catches the ocean current.

The cross section of the shock absorbing device 13 is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and 13a is a cylindrical shock absorbing material, 13b is a cross shaft, and 13c is a female type thereof.

FIG. 8 shows an application of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 to a power generation device for a river canal. The generator 1 shown in Fig. 4 is stretched across the front and rear bases 14 and 15 placed on the bottom of a river (irrigation canal), and is simply drawn on a chain wheel 8 on one side.
6 is attached. The generator 16 includes a computer-controlled transmission (not shown). 17 is a power transmission cable, 18 is a control line, and 19 is a connection box to the main body. A control line 18 is connected to a computer, which calculates power consumption and power generation to control the transmission in the most efficient manner. In addition, it is a good idea to install a water gate upstream that automatically controls the amount of water.

Although a small number of examples and application examples have been described above, this invention can vary widely depending on the implementation conditions.
Can be applied.

<Effects of the invention> This invention overturned the conventional wisdom that the vanes of windmills and waterwheels were rigid bodies.

By using flexible vanes, the blades become concave due to the flow during the drive stroke and capture the flow well, and during the return stroke they are blown away by the flow to minimize return resistance.

The structure of this idea that made this possible is
It is extremely simple as it only requires adding a horizontal bar to the blade plate and a stopper for the horizontal bar to the blade support frame, and by attaching this to the circulation zone, it is possible to extract power comparable to an ultra-large diameter windmill or water turbine. It also made it possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are perspective views of the second embodiment of this invention, and Figure 3 is a perspective view of the second embodiment of this invention.
Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the blade plate, Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment in which the blades of this invention are attached to a circulation zone, Figure 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment similarly applied to tidal and ocean current power generation equipment, and Figure 6 , 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view and a cross-sectional view of the shock absorber, and FIG. 8 is a river to which the embodiment of FIG. 4 is applied.
This is an explanatory diagram of a power generation device for irrigation canals. In the diagram, 1 is the shaft, 2
is the slat support frame, 3 is the slat, 4 is its horizontal bar, 5
is a horizontal bar stop.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A support frame projecting outward from an axis perpendicular to the flow or from a circulation zone rotating the axis in a portal or parallel bar shape along a plane parallel to the axis; A rectangular and highly flexible sheet-like slat plate, which is attached to the top part on one side or both ends of one side parallel to the above-mentioned axis so as to be able to be swept between both legs of the above-mentioned support frame, and both legs of the above-mentioned support frame. A horizontal bar, which is a straight bar longer than the interval between the slats and is fixed to the entire length of the free end of the slats, with the remaining ends protruding evenly to both sides of the slats; , a horizontal bar stopper is provided for receiving both ends of the horizontal bar, and at a position where the support frame moves against the flow, the blade plate is blown away in a flat plate shape, and at a position where the support frame is pushed by the flow. Now, when the horizontal bar of the slat that had been blown away is stretched between both legs of the support frame, and both ends of the horizontal bar are received by the stopper, the slat will swell into a sail shape. Blades of windmills, waterwheels, etc. characterized by certain things.