JPH03230743A - Optical motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To substitute the operation of a brush with variations in a light receiving amount caused by rotation of solar batteries themselves by rotating a rotor with an electric current obtained from the direct irradiation of light to the solar batteries provided directly to the rotor. CONSTITUTION:Solar batteries 4 and 5 mounted to a rotor 2 are connected to the positive pole of the battery 4, the negative pole of the battery 5 and one terminal 3-1 of a coil 3, and the negative pole of the battery 4 and the positive pole of the battery 5 are connected to the other terminal 3-2. Therefore, a control light from a source of light is reflected by a reflecting mirror 6 through an optical path 8, and when it is irradiated to the solar battery 4, rotating torque occurs in the coil 3. According to the constitution, the rotor 2 rotates in the forward direction of the illustrated arrow. When the rotor 2 rotates 180, a light is not irradiated to the solar battery 4, but the solar battery 5 receives the light instead. The solar batteries 4 and 5 are connected to the coil 3 with reverse polarity, so that the coil 3 continues rotation in the forward direction in succession.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a novel prime mover that can be driven by light.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally known methods of converting light energy into mechanical energy or driving a mechanical actuator with light energy include, for example, using a solar cell or the like to convert light energy into electrical energy and then converting it into secondary energy. Electrical energy is stored in a battery and used to drive a DC motor and other devices.

In addition, when controlling these actuators remotely,
Electrical signals propagating through cables, control signals using radio waves, ultrasonic waves, light, etc. are used, but these signals are
The signal is received by a receiver separate from the actuator and acts on the target actuator via the control device.

For this reason, for example, all remote-controlled actuators installed in all types of equipment, from rockets and satellites to factories, robots, security facilities, and private residences, are attached devices or complex. Not only was it extremely expensive, but there were also problems with its reliability.

A device that can be directly driven and controlled by light energy has not yet been proposed.

Further, conventionally known digital optical detectors, that is, devices that detect light and obtain dental signals corresponding to the amount of light, are also complicated and expensive, and have reliability problems.

[Problems to be solved by the present invention]

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to provide rotary and linear motors that have a simple structure and can be directly driven and controlled by light, as well as pulse motors. The object of the present invention is to provide an optical motor that operates as a light motor.

The motor can be used as a remotely controlled actuator in various devices, and can also be used as an optical detector.

[Means to solve problems]

The above-mentioned object of the present invention is to improve the conventionally known DC motor or pulse motor, use a solar cell directly attached to the rotor as a power source for the rotor coil, and generate a current by directly irradiating the solar cell with light. This is achieved by supplying the rotor coil with the rotor to rotate the rotor.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical motor is configured to perform the action of the brush in a conventionally known brushless DC motor by changing the amount of light received by the rotation of the solar cell itself.

Although the motor is a DC motor, it has an extremely simple structure that does not require a blank, conductive ring, rectifier, chopper, secondary battery, etc.

Further, the motor can be constructed as a one-way rotary type or a forward/reverse type.

Furthermore, this optical motor can also be configured as a linear motor.

When the optical motor according to the present invention is configured as a pulse motor, a pulse motor that advances one step by the optical pulse can be obtained.

Also, when using the motor as an actuator in the future, it is recommended to use a laser beam as the driving light, but when using it as a light detector, it is natural to use laser light to detect the driving light. Become the source.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the operating principle of an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a graph showing the amount of incident light, open voltage and short circuit current of the solar cell used, Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of incident light and the rotation speed and output torque of the optical motor, Figures 4 and 5 FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of another embodiment of the present invention.

The optical motor according to the present invention has six
Although the motor is configured as a multi-pole motor such as a pole or 12 poles, only the circuit configuration for two poles is shown in FIG. 1 in order to show its operating principle. When this is combined into a multi-polar structure, the coils, magnetic pole shapes, arrangement, etc. may be the same as those of conventionally known motors.

In the figure, l is a stator made of a permanent magnet, 2 is a rotor that is rotatably supported within the magnetic field of the stator 1 by a rotating shaft and its bearing (not shown), and 3 is a rotor 2. The wound coils 4 and 5 are a pair of solar cells attached to the rotor 2, 6 and 7 are reflecting mirrors, 8 is the optical path of the optical beam for forward rotation of the motor, and 9 is the optical path of the optical beam for reverse rotation. .

Solar cells 4 and 5 are coupled to coil 3 with greatly opposite polarity. That is, the positive electrode of the solar cell 4 and the negative electrode of the same 5 are the coil 3.
The negative electrode of the solar cell 4 and the positive electrode of the solar cell 5 are connected to the other terminal 3-2 of the coil 3.

Now, sterilization light from a distant light source (not shown) or light path 8
When the light passes through the reflector 6 and is reflected by the solar cell 4 (= incident), rotational torque is generated in the coil 3.

It is assumed that this torque is in the positive direction, and thereby the rotor 2 rotates in the direction shown by the solid arrow in the figure. When the rotor 2 rotates 180 degrees, the solar cells 4 are no longer exposed to light, and instead, the solar cells 5 receive the light. Since the solar cells 4 and 5 are connected to the coil 3 with opposite polar pressures, the coil 3 continues to rotate in the forward direction.

When the rotor 2 rotates 90 degrees, it seems that the current in the coil is cut off and no torque is generated, but it is possible to configure the motor in the future to have multiple poles of 3 or more so that no blind spots are generated. With such a configuration, it will start and rotate smoothly no matter what phase it is in.

In order to rotate this motor in the opposite direction, the optical path for driving can be switched to the optical path 9 shown by the broken line in the figure.

In the illustrated state, when the light reflected from the optical path 9 by the reflecting mirror 7 enters the solar cell 5, the direction of the current flowing through the coil 3 is opposite to that in the above case, so that the rotor 2 rotates. Reverse direction.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the direction of rotation can be determined by determining the angle of the control beam, and the number of rotations or torque can be determined by controlling the amount of light.

Also, from the above explanation, in the two-pole motor shown in FIG. is given and combined to make the optical beam pulsed, or,
If you swing the light beam appropriately in the diagram,
The rotor may be configured to advance one step for each pulse or swing of the heel.

Therefore, it will be immediately understood that this device can be used as a Stella Pink motor. Also in this case, it is clear that a multi-polar Stellar Pink motor can be easily designed.

The method of connecting these solar cells and motor coils varies depending on the purpose of use, type, number of poles, and shape of the coil and stator magnets of the motor, but the principle is the same as that of known motors, and in short, The same effect as the polarity switching operation of the electric/mechanical current by the brush in a brushless motor or the pulse train of each phase in a pulse motor is performed by controlling the projected light and rotating the solar cell.

As mentioned above, even if two solar cells are connected with opposite polarity, the dark resistance of the solar cells is sufficiently large compared to the resistance of the coil, so the current generated by the solar cells can be reduced without using a diode etc. Since almost all of the power is supplied to the coil, there is no problem.

These solar cells may be attached to the coil of the coil, or may be attached to the output shaft of the rotor. It is also recommended to provide a protection device for the solar cell as appropriate depending on the usage environment, but since these are already known, their explanation will be omitted here.

A four-pole motor was fabricated using four solar cells each having a light-receiving area of 1.2 cm'' and two air-core coils having 35 turns each having the performance shown in FIG.

A ferrite magnet with a magnetic flux density of 0.08 [T] was used for the stator.

The amount of incident light, the no-load rotation speed (actually measured value), and the torque (calculated value) of this motor are as shown in Figure 3, and the amount of incident light 1
Maximum rotation speed 800 [rpm] at 80 [mW/cm2]
]was gotten.

Next, FIG. 5 will be explained.

In this example, the solar cells are mounted perpendicular to the output shaft.

In the figure, 9 is a stator, 10 is a rotor, 11 is a coil, 12 and 13 are output shafts, 14 and 15 are bearings, and 1
6 is a solar cell, 17 is a light shielding plate, and 18 is a driving light beam.

The solar cell 16 includes six cells 16-1.16-2.16-3.16-4.16- as shown in FIG.
Although not shown, three coils 11 are also prepared, and each of the six solar cells has two coils.
Each pair is coupled to one coil.

The relationship between these solar cells and the motor coil and the shape of the stator magnet are the same as those of the known brushless motor or pulse motor as described above.

In other words, when this is a continuously rotating motor, the same effect as the polarity switching operation by a plan in a known planless motor can be achieved by controlling the projected light and rotating the solar cell. It is.

Therefore, for example, a light shielding plate 17 having a shape as shown in FIG. 5 is used. This light shielding plate 17 is provided with a light transmitting window of the same shape as one solar cell, and the light passing through this window is transmitted through the solar cell 16-1.16-2.16-3.16-4.16-
5 and 16-6 in turn, thereby supplying current to the corresponding coils and causing the rotor to rotate smoothly.

This technique will already be clear from the above description to those familiar with known planless motors. There are many types of brushless motors, and the present invention can also be applied to the following types.

It will also already be obvious how to make this motor function as a pulse motor.

It will also be apparent from the above description that the principles of the invention may be applied to linear motors.

That is, magnetic poles and light sources are arranged along a long track, and along the magnetic pole array, a runner equipped with a drive mechanism consisting of a solar cell and a coil and a light shielding plate for braking is supported so as to be able to run. A device is provided to control the light source provided to the solar cells.

When the magnetic poles used are arranged alternately with N5NS, the solar cells are used as a set of two, and the light is alternately irradiated in the same way as the rotary motor described above, and the current of the coil is changed in both forward and reverse directions. However, if you consider only the magnetic poles to be placed, for example, the north pole, one solar cell is sufficient.

Optical control is particularly advantageous when the line is a closed loop, such as a circular line.

There is no need to explain the operating principles of these devices again, and since they are already clear, further detailed explanation will be omitted.

The optical motor according to the present invention can be configured in various ways and can be widely used, similar to known brushless motors, pulse motors, and linear motors.

Furthermore, since the rotational speed of these optical motors is proportional to the intensity of light or the repetition frequency of pulses, it is also possible to use them as digital optical detectors.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an optical motor that can be directly operated by light.

In the future, the motor will not require brushes, conductive rings, secondary batteries, etc., and will have a simple structure, and will not require any intermediate devices or instruments for remote control, and will not require any control signals or drive. Since it is simultaneously supplied with energy for use and directly driven by the output of solar cells, it is highly reliable and efficient.

This optical motor can be widely used not only as a remotely controllable actuator for controlling various machines, toys, and security equipment, but also as a photodetector, sunlight meter, illumination meter, etc.
It can also be used as an optical pyrometer, integral radiometer, etc.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the operating principle of an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a graph showing the amount of incident light, open voltage and short circuit current of the solar cell used, Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of incident light and the rotation speed and output torque of the optical motor, Figures 4 and 5 FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of another embodiment of the present invention. 119-・-・・・・ 2.1o--1・ 3.11-・−・−・−・ 4.5.16-・・ 6.7 8.9.18 ・Stator・・... Rotor coil solar cell reflector - Optical path output shaft 12.13. 14. 15 7 Light shielding plate

Claims (9)

[Claims] (1) Optical motor consisting of the following components. (a) A stator that generates a magnetic field. (b) Consisting of a coil, an output shaft that rotates together with the coil, and a solar cell capable of supplying current to the coil,
A rotor rotatably supported within a magnetic field generated by the stator. (c) A light source that irradiates the solar cell with light. (2) Multiple sets of two solar cells are used, each set of solar cells is connected to the corresponding coil with opposite polarity, and driving light is alternately applied to each set of solar cells as the rotor rotates. 2. The optical motor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor is rotated by being irradiated with light. (3) The optical motor according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of solar cells are used, each of which is connected to a corresponding coil, and the rotor is rotated by sequentially irradiating the solar cells with driving light. (4) The optical motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the solar cell is provided parallel to the output shaft of the rotor. (5) The optical motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the solar cell is provided at right angles to the output shaft of the rotor. (6) The optical motor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is driven by natural light. (7) The optical motor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the light source is a laser oscillator. (8) The optical motor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the stator comprises a multipolar permanent magnet. (9) Optical linear motor consisting of the following components. (a) A stator that has a magnetic pole array and forms a long line. (b) A runner comprising a coil and a solar cell capable of supplying current to the coil, and supported so as to be freely movable within the magnetic field generated by the stator. (c) A light source capable of irradiating the solar cell with light.