JPH03233206A - Raw material spout burner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automate the clearing of a choked section with simple manipulation by supplying incombustible fine particles momentarily into an inner pipe in a captioned burner, such as a fuel furnace that forces powder solid fuel to come contact with an oxidizing decomposer at the outlet of a tip. CONSTITUTION:When choking at the tip of a burner is detected with a differential pressure pick up line 20 and a differential pressure transmitter installed to a branch transfer line 16 to a powder solid fuel line 19, incombustible fine particles 9 of a solid fine particles supply hopper whose pressure is preadjusted to be several kg higher with inactive gas than that of a gasification furnace, are supplied to a burner inner pipe 1 by a valve 11 and a feeder 12, using the gas fed from a transfer gas supply port 22. This construction makes it possible to eliminate choking in the tip of the burner with simple manipulation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a raw material injection burner used in a combustion furnace or a gasification furnace, and in particular, to a structure effective for removing deposits from the tip of the burner. This invention relates to a raw material ejection burner having

[Conventional technology]

Various types of energy have been known to replace petroleum, but among them, coal has the largest reserves and is the substance that is attracting the most attention.

Coal is solid and inconvenient to handle, and it also contains ash, sulfur, nitrogen, etc. In order to use it effectively, it must be converted into a clean energy source through liquefaction, gasification, etc.
It is hoped that it will be used.

Coal gasification is currently attracting attention as a promising method for converting coal into clean fuel. Among these, the coal gasification hydrogen production method for the purpose of hydrogen production is attracting attention. One of the key technologies supporting this method is coal gasification technology.
Gasifiers are required to have high gasification efficiency, operability, reliability, and adaptability to a wide range of coal types. In order to satisfy these requirements, pulverized coal must be placed in a high-temperature air stream with a gasifying agent (
A spouted bed gasification method that reacts with oxygen (oxygen and water vapor) is promising.

A schematic diagram of a known gasifier using the spouted bed gasifier is shown in FIG. This equipment consists of a coal supply system, a gasification agent supply system, a gasification furnace, a dust collection system, and a desulfurization system.

The coal supply system transports the powdered solid fuel 36 that has been crushed and classified by the crusher from the raw material conveyance line 34 to the atmospheric pressure hopper 35, and then fills it into the pressure hopper 37. Thereafter, a load cell for weight measurement is installed on the outer wall. 42 is supplied to the supply hopper 38 in which the 42 is installed. When supplying the powdered solid fuel 36, the supply hopper 38
After making the pressure several kg higher than the pressure of the gasifier 45,
Powdered solid fuel 36 is quantified by feeder 39 and then transferred to eductor 4.
1 and carrier gas 40 (nitrogen and inert gas)
The raw material is passed through the raw material transport line 19 and supplied to the gasifier 45. It flows through a branch pipe 16.56 through a distributor 17 that can evenly distribute it to several burners 47, and is supplied to the gasification furnace 45.

The gasifying agent supply system includes an oxygen control valve 50 and a steam control valve 51.
, the gas execution line 52 , 53 is passed through, the gas execution line 52 , 53 is divided in half, and the gas execution line 54 , 55 is passed through to the burner 47 and then supplied to the gasification furnace 45 . The powdered solid fuel 36 and the gasifying agent come into contact at the burner tip outlet or inside.

The gasifier 45 has a structure lined with firebrick. Due to the high temperature inside the gasifier, slag, etc., which is the molten ash in the coal, precipitates. Therefore, a slag distribution line 48 and a slag hopper 49 are provided to collect the slag.

The gas generated from the gasifier 45 is passed from the gasifier outlet line 57 to a dust collector 58 and a desulfurizer 59 to remove dust, hydrogen sulfide, etc. from the generated gas, and then taken out as clean gas through 60. , used as raw material gas or fuel gas.

The gasifier 45 installed in these devices has a supply system for supplying powdered solid fuel (coal, liquefied residue, etc.) 36 as described above, and a burner 47 on the gasifier 45 side. .

The burner 47 generates hydrogen and
-It is one of the important devices that generates gas rich in carbon oxide, etc. The burner may become clogged at the burner tip for some reason during continuous supply of powdered solid fuel. This phenomenon occurs when the flow rate decreases due to a decrease in the amount of nitrogen being transported, or due to pressure fluctuations in the gasifier or supply hopper, or the presence of wood chips or coarse particles in the powdered solid fuel. Powdered solid fuel often accumulates in the powdered solid fuel supply line and causes blockage. Also, depending on the type of coal, slag may adhere to the tip of the burner due to the high temperature at the burner outlet.
Occlusion may also occur.

Therefore, how can we quickly eliminate this blockage at the tip of the burner?
Whether it can be restored without disassembly is essential to improving operability.

Conventionally, typical burners having a closure recovery means at the tip of the burner will be described below.

(1) Conveying gas (nitrogen) supplied to the pressure end barge and blow pipe in the powder solid fuel supply line
A method of supplying a large amount of
(2) A method of temporarily stopping the supply of powdered solid fuel and opening the valve before the burner to extract gas from the gasifier side to the atmosphere (if the pressure on the gasifier side is high), ( 3)
A method of stimulating the inside of a burner with a deposit removal rod, (4) A method of attaching a vibrating member to the nozzle tip and applying vibration to the nozzle tip (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 76566/1983), Problems to be Solved by the Invention ] In the method (1) above, if slag or powdered solid fuel is deposited and solidified on the tip of the burner, it is difficult to release it just by passing a large amount of gas. Also,
There is a risk of affecting other distribution lines and clogging even burners that are not blocked (if raw materials are being transported and supplied to each burner from the same distributor, pressure fluctuations will occur in the transport pipe due to repeated nitrogen purge operations) For).

In method (2) above, it is possible to remove the problem if powdered solid fuel is deposited on the tip of the burner, but it is very difficult to remove the problem if slag is attached. Additionally, this method has the disadvantage that the raw materials must be temporarily stopped.

The method (3) is considered to be the most effective when compared with the methods (1) and (2). However, inserting a removal rod or the like into the raw material supply pipe increases resistance within the nozzle, and there is a risk of further deterioration. In addition, when used in a high-pressure device, there is a risk of gas leakage at the seal portion of the removal rod operating section, so care must be taken with the structure of this seal and it may become complicated. Similar to (2) above, in the worst case, there is a drawback that only the nozzle line of the blocked part must be temporarily stopped by a valve or the like.

In the method (4) above, vibration is considered to be effective for preventing dripping, spraying, and blockage when the raw material is unreactive, such as cement, but when the raw material is coal or liquefied residue, The substances that react and generate gas, tar, and char adhere to the vibrating member at the tip of the nozzle, making it inoperable and ineffective, and at the same time, the vibrating member cannot withstand the high temperature inside the furnace, which is over 1400 degrees Celsius. It is expected that this will not be possible.

Regarding the methods (1) to (4) above, all of them are less effective and have advantages and disadvantages.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a raw material injection burner that does not have the above-mentioned problems, is effective against deposits such as slag, and can automatically restore the closed portion with a simple operation.

[Failure to solve the problem]

The above object is achieved by installing a device that instantaneously supplies non-flammable solid particles to the powdered solid fuel line at the front inlet of the burner and the outlet of the burner inner cylindrical pipe.

That is, the present invention has a plurality of circular tubes stacked on the same axis, a flow path for supplying cooling water into the outermost outer tube, and a flow path inside the outermost outer tube and inside the innermost inner tube. A flow passage for supplying an oxidizing decomposer in an intermediate cylindrical pipe located in the middle of the pipe, and a flow passage for supplying powdered solid fuel and transport gas in an inner cylindrical pipe having an innermost central flow passage, and an outlet at the tip thereof. The burner for oxidative decomposition of powdered solid fuel in which the powdered solid fuel and the oxidative decomposition agent are brought into contact with each other is characterized by having means for instantaneously supplying nonflammable solid fine particles of several microns into the inner cylindrical pipe. This is a raw material spout burner.

In the present invention, oxygen, air, or steam can be used as the oxidative decomposition agent flowing in the intermediate pipe, and as the powdered solid fuel supplied to the central flow path, coal or liquefied coal residue can be used in powdered form. Further, as the gas for transporting these powdered solid fuels, an inert gas such as nitrogen or a generated gas can be used.

As the nonflammable solid particles in the present invention, nonflammable particles such as sand and alumina particles that are non-flammable and do not melt at high temperatures can be pulverized into particles of several microns. It is preferable to provide a flow path for the non-flammable solid particles in addition to the flow path for the oxidative decomposition agent or solid fuel, and the supply speed thereof is preferably 100 m/s or more.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the raw material injection burner is provided with a supply device for non-flammable solid particles, and an automatic control mechanism that interlocks the differential pressure oscillator that detects the differential pressure in the powder solid fuel supply line and the solid particle supply device. Furthermore, the non-flammable solid particles can be supplied without stopping the supply of powdered solid fuel, and the blockage can be automatically removed to restore the burner function.

Although the raw material injection burner of the present invention will be described mainly for use in a gasification furnace, it can also be used for a powder solid fuel combustion furnace.

[For production]

By installing the nonflammable solid particulate supply device of the present invention in a raw material injection burner, when the value of the differential pressure oscillator installed in the powder solid fuel conveyance line exceeds a certain set value, the tip of the burner closes. The valve and feeder under the hopper filled with non-flammable solid particles operate simultaneously, and at the same time, a small amount of solid particles are fed under pressure.
By increasing the amount of gas for transporting nonflammable solid particles and supplying pulses, deposits attached to the burner can be removed by friction and impact. Furthermore, by installing an automatic control device that can automatically control these devices, the above-mentioned operation can be performed automatically and the blocked portion can be returned to its original state without stopping the supply of powdered solid fuel.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Example 1 This example describes a case where, when powdered solid fuel is supplied into a gasifier through a burner, when raw materials etc. accumulate at the tip of the burner and it starts to become clogged, the raw material is returned without stopping. The present invention is applied to.

First, FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a gasifier when the present invention is used. The gasification furnace uses a spouted bed type gasification furnace 45, with a structure lined with firebrick, and a slag cooling line 4.
8, a reaction section 46 and a generated gas distribution section 57. Two external mixing type burners 47 were installed in the tangential direction below the gasifier reaction section 46 so that a swirling flow was formed in the gasifier. A cooling water inlet, an outlet 4.5, an oxidizing decomposer supply line 6 and a coal branch pipe line 16 are connected to this burner. Since the temperature inside the gasifier 46 reaches a high temperature of 1,400 degrees or more, the ash in the coal generates molten slag, which is allowed to fall freely and supplied to the slag cooling section 49 filled with water, where it is rapidly solidified and recovered. .

Differential pressure detection line 2 is installed in the coal branch pipe line 16 of the coal supply system.
0. A differential pressure oscillator 21 was installed to measure the differential pressure in the line, and a nonflammable solid fine particle supply line was installed in the passage just outside the powder solid fuel line in the burner, and the line was connected to fill with nonflammable solid fine particles. A hopper and its supply system 11.12.22 were installed.

Next, a description will be given with reference to FIG. 1 showing an embodiment of the burner of the present invention.

The overall configuration consists of a burner body 25, a coal supply system 16.17
．． 18.19.20.21, Nonflammable solid particulate supply system 7
．． 8.9.10.11.12.22, automatic control mechanism section 1
Consists of 3.14.15.

The burner body has a cooling water inlet from the outermost outer cylinder, a cooling water from the outlet line 4.5, a powder solidified fuel and conveying gas from the innermost inner cylinder tube center flow path 1, an outer cylinder pipe and an inner cylinder. Nonflammable solid fine particles in which oxidative decomposers (oxygen, water vapor, etc.) flow from oxidative decomposer supply lines 6 in the intermediate cylindrical pipe of the cylindrical pipe, and nonflammable solid fine particles 9 flow inside the oxidative decomposer supply lines 6. It has a quadruple pipe structure with a distribution line 24.

The oxidative decomposition agent is supplied from the oxidative decomposition agent supply line 6 into the intermediate cylindrical pipe inside the burner, and is ejected from the gasifying agent blow-off hole 3 at the tip of the burner.

The powdered solid fuel flows through the raw material transport line 19 and passes through the distributor 17.
and distributed evenly. Thereafter, the raw material is supplied to the inner tube central flow path 1 in the burner through the branch pipe conveyance line 16, and is ejected from the raw material ejection hole 2. On the way, a differential pressure extraction line 20 and a differential pressure transmitter 21 for detecting differential pressure were installed in the branch pipe conveyance line 16. These 20.21 mechanical parts detect a blockage state at the tip of the burner.

The nonflammable solid particle supply system includes a solid particle supply hopper 10.
, valve 11, feeder 12, gas supply port 22 for solid particulate transport, gas supply lower for pressurization, and control valve 8 for pressure adjustment.
Consists of.

In order to operate these parts, first, the inside of the solid particulate supply hopper 10 is adjusted in advance by nitrogen or inert gas from the supply lower for pressurizing the hopper to a pressure several kg higher than that on the gasifier side using the pressure regulating valve 8.

Further, a small amount of gas is constantly allowed to flow through the gas supply port 22 for transporting solid fine particles. This is to prevent blockage of this line.

The automatic control mechanism section includes each operating mechanism section 13 and automatic control device 14.
and the signal 15 from the differential pressure transmitter 21.

If the raw material nozzle 2 is blocked for some reason,
Immediately, the indicated value of the differential pressure transmitter 21 installed in the branch pipe conveyance line 16 increases, and when it exceeds a certain set value, the automatic control device 14 senses it, each operating mechanism section 13 sends a signal, and the lower valve 11 of the hopper 1o , by simultaneously supplying and operating the feeder 12 and the gas from the transport supply port 22,
The solid particles 9 filled in the hopper are instantaneously pulsed to automatically remove deposits attached to the tip of the burner.

This operation is illustrated in FIG. 8. FIG. 8 is an operation diagram showing the elapsed time Δt on the horizontal axis and the differential pressure Δp between the inside of the gasifier and the raw material supply pipe on the vertical axis. Δp when the raw material is constantly supplied into the gasifier is normally 20 kg/
It is about 200 mmAq in h, but this is t. When the tip of the raw material jetting burner gradually becomes close to being blocked, Δp
also gradually rises. When Δp = 800 mmAq, the automatic control device 14 senses the originally set value Δp800 mmAq according to the instruction from the differential pressure transmitter 21, and each operating mechanism 13 sends a signal to activate the hopper 10 lower valve 11, The feeder 12 and the conveyance supply port 22 are at t2
When activated with a delay of t+, Δp decreases rapidly as shown in the figure and returns to the steady state of 200 mmAq.

Therefore, when the differential pressure of Δp increases, by repeating the above operation, the supply of raw materials is automatically controlled without stopping.

Also, when introducing solid particles, several grams of solid particles are momentarily introduced under pressure, the ejection speed of the conveying gas is set to Loom/s or more, and the position of the ejection port is set several mm back from the tip of the burner. This removes deposits attached to the tip of the burner.

FIG. 9 shows a graph showing the relationship between gas ejection speed and differential pressure using the above-mentioned means of the invention. Fig. 9 shows a case of the conventional system where only vibration (double-dashed line), b case where N2 gas is purged from the purge gas line of the raw material supply line (-dotted line), and c only N2 gas from the solid fine particle flow path of the present invention. Also shown is the case where the gas was purged (dashed line). As shown in the figure, there was almost no effect in case a. In the case of b,
Δp gradually decreased until the N2 gas jetting speed reached 100 m/s (Δp was 400 mmAq), but when the jetting speed was reduced to 1
Even when the speed was 00 m/s or more, Δp did not change much, but rather it affected the raw material supply system, and the resistance increased at the outlet, resulting in intermittent supply of raw materials. Also, in the case of C, N2
As the gas ejection speed increases, Δp decreases and the effect appears,
The lumps attached to the tip of the burner are peeled off to some extent, but even if the ejection speed is 100 m/s or more, △p is 2.
50 +nmAq remained constant and did not return to the initial Δp200 mmAq. It was found that in the case of only gas, the deposits attached to the tip of the burner were peeled off to some extent, but the inner diameter of the supply pipe could not be completely removed, resulting in the presence of deposits on the crosspiece.

Solid fine particles and N from the solid fine particle flow path of the present invention.

When gas was passed through, the effect of solid particles appeared, and it was possible to restore Δp to 200 mmAq at an ejection speed of around 100 rn/s, compared to when only gas was used. Therefore, it has been found that mixing a small amount of solid particles into the carrier gas is effective in removing all the deposits attached to the tip of the burner.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the influence of the position of the ejection port of the solid particulate gas on the differential pressure Δp. The conditions in FIG. 10 are the jet nozzle diameter of 3. Ox3. These are the results when the ejection speed of solid particles and gas was constant at 100 m/s at 13 locations, and the ejection port position was changed internally with the burner tip at 0. From this figure, it can be seen that Δp returns to 200 mmAq when the ejection port position is within the range of 5 mm to 12 mm, so setting it within this range is effective.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention having the same effect as the one in FIG. Supplied using a tube.

FIG. 3 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the tip of the burner of the invention shown in FIG. 1. FIG. The tapered part of the inner cylindrical tube tip 31 having the raw material center flow path 1 is in contact with the internal taper 33 of the nozzle tip 32 at the tip of the burner body, and the groove 23 in this gap is used to allow the non-flammable solid particles and the conveying gas to It is something that is distributed. This taper angle is the same in the nozzle tip 32 and 31.

4 and 5 are cross-sectional structural diagrams of the solid particulate flow groove 23 of the inner cylindrical tube tip 31 shown in FIG. 3. FIG. FIG. 4 shows a structure in which solid particles 9 and a transport gas are introduced linearly to remove deposits. FIG. 5 shows a structure in which the solid particles 9 and the transport gas have a certain angle with respect to the tangential direction so that they are discharged while swirling, and the deposits are removed while forming a thin flow.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, it is possible to remove solidified deposits of slag and powdered solid fuel (coal, liquefied residue, etc.) attached to the tip of the burner, and at the same time automatically restore the blocked portion without stopping the supply of raw materials. It has a vine effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the raw material jetting burner of the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a raw material jetting bar having the same effect as that in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the tip of Figure 1. , Figure 4 is the first
Figure 5 is a structural diagram of the flow groove through which alumina-based solid fine particles flow at the tip of the inner cylindrical pipe, Figure 5 is an improved structural diagram of the solid fine particle distribution groove in Figure 4, and Figure 6 is a known spouted bed gasifier. , FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the spouted bed gasifier and raw material supply system of the present invention, FIG. 8 is an operation diagram showing the relationship between Δp and the passage of time when the automatic control device is activated, and FIG. 9 10 is a graph showing the results of an effect confirmation test when using the burner of the present invention, and FIG.
Effect of solid fine particles on differential pressure Δp between the distribution pipe and the gasifier
It is a graph showing the influence of the position of the gas outlet. 1. Inner cylindrical tube center flow path 3, gasifying agent blowout hole 5, cooling water outlet line 7, pressurizing gas supply port 9, nonflammable solid fine particles 2, raw material jetting hole 4, cooling water inlet line 6, gas death supply Line 8, pressure control valve 10, solid particulate supply pipe 12, feeder 14, automatic control device 11, valve 13, signal distributor for each operating mechanism raw material supply line differential pressure transmitter 23, solid particulate distribution groove burner body cooling water Inlet flow path solid particulate flow path inner cylindrical pipe tip end nozzle tip taper part 35, normal pressure hopper 41, eductor 43, refractory 16, branch pipe conveyance line 18, swirling gas supply port 20, differential pressure detection line 22, Solid fine particle transport gas supply port 24, solid fine particle supply line 26, cooling water outlet passage 28, gas hole side passage 30, raw material passage 32, nozzle tip 34, raw material conveying line 36, powdered solid fuel (coal and liquefied Residue, etc.) Supply hopper Raw material stirring gas supply port 42, Load cell 44, Slag flow hole 37, Pressure hopper 38° 39, Rotary feeder 40° Gasifier Coal burner Slag hopper Steam flow rate control valve 56, Branch pipe conveyance line 58, dust collector 60 line 46, gasifier reaction section 48, slag distribution line 50, oxygen flow rate control valve 52, 53. 54. 55. Gas hole side supply line 57, gasifier outlet line 59, desulfurization equipment

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of circular tubes are stacked on the same axis, and a flow path for supplying cooling water into the outermost outer tube, the innermost outer tube and the innermost inner tube. A flow passage for supplying an oxidizing decomposer into an intermediate cylinder pipe located in the middle of the cylinder pipe, a flow passage for supplying powdered solid fuel and a conveying gas in an inner cylinder pipe having an innermost central flow passage, and a flow passage for supplying powdered solid fuel and a transport gas. A burner for oxidative decomposition of powdered solid fuel that brings the powdered solid fuel into contact with an oxidative decomposition agent at the outlet, characterized by having means for instantaneously supplying nonflammable solid fine particles of several microns into the inner cylinder pipe. Raw material spout burner. 2. The raw material injection burner according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a flow path for non-flammable solid particles. 3. The raw material injection burner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has means for supplying the nonflammable solid particles at a rate of 100 m/s or more. 4. A raw material injection burner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it has a supply device for nonflammable solid particles. 5. The raw material injection burner according to claim 4, characterized in that it has an automatic control mechanism that interlocks a differential pressure oscillator that detects the differential pressure in the powder solid fuel supply line and the nonflammable solid fine particle supply device. 6. In any one of claims 1 to 5, the fuel cell is characterized by having means for supplying the non-flammable solid particles without stopping the supply of the powdered solid fuel and automatically removing and restoring the blocked portion. Raw material spout burner. 7. The raw material injection burner according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of injection ports for non-combustible solid particles are installed in front of the outlet of the inner tube. 8. The raw material injection burner according to claim 1, further comprising means for ejecting the nonflammable solid particles from the ejection port in a straight line or in a swirling manner. 9. A combustion furnace, characterized in that the raw material injection burner according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is installed in a combustion section of the combustion furnace. 10. A gasification furnace, characterized in that the raw material injection burner according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is installed in a gasification section of the gasification furnace. 11. The gasification test apparatus according to claim 10, further comprising a produced gas purification system after the gasification furnace.