JPH03240065A - Electrophotographic sensitive body - Google Patents
Electrophotographic sensitive bodyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03240065A JPH03240065A JP3794290A JP3794290A JPH03240065A JP H03240065 A JPH03240065 A JP H03240065A JP 3794290 A JP3794290 A JP 3794290A JP 3794290 A JP3794290 A JP 3794290A JP H03240065 A JPH03240065 A JP H03240065A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- substituted
- group
- unsubstituted
- formula
- alkyl group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 70
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims 7
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- -1 cyao group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 57
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 19
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQNVSQDMXNPYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetraethoxyethene Chemical group CCOC(OCC)=C(OCC)OCC WQNVSQDMXNPYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(oxolan-2-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1CCCO1 WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSNHCAURESNICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyurea Chemical compound NC(=O)NO VSNHCAURESNICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKNIDKXOANSRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4-trinitrofluoren-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C([N+](=O)[O-])C([N+]([O-])=O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(=O)C3=CC2=C1 FKNIDKXOANSRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOERSAVCLPYNIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,5,7-tetranitrofluoren-9-one Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C2C2=C1C=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C2[N+]([O-])=O JOERSAVCLPYNIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical class C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004419 Panlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000010582 Pisum sativum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004713 Pisum sativum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical class C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002433 Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001716 carbazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004218 chloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diiodide Chemical compound I[Cu]I GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000664 diazo group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[*] 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000007857 hydrazones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940079865 intestinal antiinfectives imidazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940102253 isopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000113 methacrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002911 monocyclic heterocycle group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-vinylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C=C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001484 phenothiazinyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004986 phenylenediamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000548 poly(silane) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003219 pyrazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940066767 systemic antihistamines phenothiazine derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940042055 systemic antimycotics triazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005259 triarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
[産業上の利用分野]
本発明は電子写真感光体に関し、詳しくは特定のスクェ
アリウム化合物を含有する感光層を有する電子写真感光
体に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor, and more particularly to an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer containing a specific squareium compound.
[従来の技術]
従来、電子写真感光体としては、セレン、酸化亜鉛、硫
化カドミウム、シリコン等の無機光導電性化合物を主成
分とする感光層を有する無機感光体が広く用いられてき
た。しかし、これらは感度、熱安定性、耐湿性、耐久性
、製造コスト等において必ずしも満足し得るものではな
い。例えば、セレンは熱や指紋の汚れ等によって結晶化
すると感光体としての性能や特性が劣化してしまうため
、製造上も難しい。また硫化カドミウムでは耐湿性や耐
久性、酸化亜鉛では耐久性等に問題がある。[Prior Art] Conventionally, inorganic photoreceptors having a photosensitive layer containing an inorganic photoconductive compound such as selenium, zinc oxide, cadmium sulfide, or silicon as a main component have been widely used as electrophotographic photoreceptors. However, these are not necessarily satisfactory in terms of sensitivity, thermal stability, moisture resistance, durability, manufacturing cost, etc. For example, selenium is difficult to manufacture because its performance and characteristics as a photoreceptor deteriorate when it crystallizes due to heat or fingerprint stains. In addition, cadmium sulfide has problems with moisture resistance and durability, and zinc oxide has problems with durability.
これら無機感光体の持つ欠点を克服する目的で様々な有
機光導電性化合物を主成分とする感光層を有する有機感
光体の研究・開発が近年盛んに行なわれている。例えば
特公昭50−10496号公報には、ポリ−N−ビニル
カルバゾール
リニトロー9−フルオレノンを含有する感光層を有する
有機感光体の記載がある。しかし、この感光体は、感度
及び耐久性において必ずしも満足できるものではない。In order to overcome these drawbacks of inorganic photoreceptors, research and development have been actively conducted in recent years on organic photoreceptors having photosensitive layers containing various organic photoconductive compounds as main components. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 50-10496 describes an organic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer containing poly-N-vinylcarbazole lintro-9-fluorenone. However, this photoreceptor is not necessarily satisfactory in sensitivity and durability.
このような欠点を改良するためにキャリア発生機能とキ
ャリア輸送機能とを異なる物質に分担させ、より高性能
の有機感光体を開発する試みがなされている。このよう
ないわゆる機能分離型の感光体は、それぞれの材料を広
い範囲から選択することができ、任意の性能を有する感
光体を比較的容易に作成し得ることから多くの研究がな
されてきた。In order to improve these drawbacks, attempts have been made to develop organic photoreceptors with higher performance by assigning the carrier generation function and the carrier transport function to different substances. Many studies have been conducted on such so-called function-separated type photoreceptors because each material can be selected from a wide range and a photoreceptor having arbitrary performance can be produced relatively easily.
[発明が解決しようとする問題点]
上記のような機能分離型の電子写真感光体において、そ
のキャリア発生物質として、数多くの化合物が提案され
ている。無機化合物をキャリア発生物質として用いる例
としては、たとえば、特公昭43−16198号公報に
記載された無定形セレンがあり、これは有機光導電性化
合物と組み合わせて使用されるが、無定形セレンからな
るキャリア発生層は熱により結晶化して感光体としての
特性が劣化してしまう。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Many compounds have been proposed as carrier-generating substances in the above-mentioned functionally separated electrophotographic photoreceptor. An example of using an inorganic compound as a carrier generating substance is amorphous selenium described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-16198, which is used in combination with an organic photoconductive compound. The carrier generation layer crystallizes due to heat, and its properties as a photoreceptor deteriorate.
また有機染料や有機顔料をキャリア発生物質として用い
る電子写真感光体も数多く提案されている。代表例とし
ては、ビスアゾ類、トリスアゾ類、フタロシアニン類、
ビリリウム類、スクェアリウム類などが知られており、
可視領域から近赤外領域まで感度を有するものとしてフ
タロシアニン類、トリスアゾ類、スクェアリウム類が報
告されている。Furthermore, many electrophotographic photoreceptors using organic dyes or organic pigments as carrier-generating substances have been proposed. Typical examples include bisazos, trisazos, phthalocyanines,
Viryliums, squareiums, etc. are known.
Phthalocyanines, trisazos, and squaliums have been reported to have sensitivity from the visible region to the near-infrared region.
しかしながら、フタロシアニン類は分光感度が長波長に
片寄り赤色再現性に劣るという欠点を有し、トリスアゾ
類は優れた電気特性と充分な感度を有するに至っていな
い。However, phthalocyanines have the disadvantage that their spectral sensitivity is biased toward long wavelengths and red color reproducibility is poor, and trisazo compounds do not have excellent electrical properties and sufficient sensitivity.
また特開昭49−105536号等に示される従来のス
クェアリウム化合物は、比較的高い感度を有するものの
帯電性、暗減衰等に欠点を有し、高い感度と低い暗減衰
を両立するには至っていない。Furthermore, although the conventional squalium compounds shown in JP-A No. 49-105536 and others have relatively high sensitivity, they have drawbacks in chargeability, dark decay, etc., and it is difficult to achieve both high sensitivity and low dark decay. not present.
さらに近年電子写真感光体の光源としてArレーザー、
目e−Neレーザー等の気体レーザーや半導体レーザー
が使用され始めている。これらのレーザーはその特徴と
して時系列で0N10FFが可能であり、画像処理機能
を有する複写機やコンピューターのアウトプット用のプ
リンター等の光源として特に有望視されている。中でも
半導体レーザーはその性質上音響工学素子等の電気信号
/光信号の変換素子が不要であることや小型・軽量化が
可能であることなどから注目を集めている。Furthermore, in recent years, Ar laser has been used as a light source for electrophotographic photoreceptors.
Gas lasers such as e-Ne lasers and semiconductor lasers are beginning to be used. These lasers are characterized by being capable of 0N10FF in time series, and are particularly promising as light sources for copying machines with image processing functions, computer output printers, and the like. Among these, semiconductor lasers are attracting attention because their nature does not require electrical signal/optical signal conversion elements such as acoustic engineering elements, and they can be made smaller and lighter.
しかしこの半導体レーザーは気体レーザーに比較して低
出力であり、また発振波長も長波長(約780n−以上
)であることから従来の電子写真感光体では分光感度が
短波長側によっているものが多く、感度特性において、
実用的に満足できるものがなかった。However, this semiconductor laser has a lower output than a gas laser, and its oscillation wavelength is also long (approximately 780n- or more), so the spectral sensitivity of conventional electrophotographic photoreceptors is often on the short wavelength side. , in the sensitivity characteristics,
There was nothing that was practically satisfying.
本発明は上記問題点を解決すべくなされたものであり、
本発明の目的は、高感度にしてかつ残留電位が小さく、
電荷保持力等の電子写真特性において優れ、また繰り返
し使用してもそれらの特性が変化しない耐久性の優れた
電子写真感光体を提供することにある。The present invention has been made to solve the above problems,
The purpose of the present invention is to achieve high sensitivity and low residual potential.
The object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor that is excellent in electrophotographic properties such as charge retention and has excellent durability such that these properties do not change even after repeated use.
本発明の他の目的は、広範なキャリア輸送物質との組み
合わせにおいても、有効にキャリア発生物質として作用
し得るスクェアリウム化合物を含有する電子写真感光体
を提供することにある。Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor containing a squalium compound that can effectively act as a carrier generating substance even in combination with a wide variety of carrier transporting substances.
本発明の更に他の目的は、熱及び光に対1ノで安定であ
り、さらに半導体レーザー等の長波長光源に対しても十
分な実用感度を有する電子写真感光体を提供することに
ある。Still another object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor that is stable against heat and light and has sufficient practical sensitivity even to long wavelength light sources such as semiconductor lasers.
本発明の更に他の目的は、明lII中の記載からあきら
かになるであろう。Further objects of the present invention will become apparent from the description in Clear III.
[問題点を解決するための手段]
本発明者等は、以上の目的を達成すべく鋭意研究を重ね
た結果、特定のスクェアリウム化合物が電子写真感光体
の有効成分として働き得ることを見出し、本発明を完成
したものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of intensive research to achieve the above object, the present inventors discovered that a specific squalium compound can act as an active ingredient of an electrophotographic photoreceptor. This completes the present invention.
すなわち、本発明の前記目的は、導電性支持体上に、下
記一般式[I]で表わされるスクェアリウム化合物を含
有してなる感光層を有することを特徴とする電子写真感
光体によって達成される。That is, the above object of the present invention is achieved by an electrophotographic photoreceptor characterized by having a photosensitive layer containing a squareium compound represented by the following general formula [I] on a conductive support. .
一般式[I]
[式中、Ar1およびA「2の一方は下記−形成[A]
、[8]又は[C]で表わされる基から選ばれ、
(式中、×1及びYlは置換若しくは非置換の脂環式炭
化水素環、置換若しくは非置換の脂環式複素環、置換若
しくは非置換の芳香族炭化水素環又は置換若しくは非置
換の芳香族複素環を形成するのに必要な原子群を表わす
。R+ 、R2及びR3はそれぞれ水素原子、ハロゲン
原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基、置換若しくは
非置換のアルコキシ基、水酸基、シアノ基、ニトロ基又
はNHYを表わす。Yは一〇−R’又は−S O2−R
” (R’及びRIIはそれぞれ水素原子、置換若し
くは非置換のアルキル基又は置換若しくは非置換のアリ
ール基を表わす。)を表わす。)
一般式[8]
(式中、X1tとYll及びWllとZllはそれぞれ
、独立に置換若しくは非置換の脂環式炭化水素環、置換
若しくは非置換の脂環式複素環、置換若しくは非置換の
芳香族炭化水素環又は置換若しくは非置換の芳香族複素
環を形成するのに必要な原子群を表わす。R11は水素
原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基
、置換若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基、水酸基、シアノ
基、ニトロ基、置換若しくは非置換のアミノ基又はNH
Yを表わ○
す。Yは一〇−R’又は−8O2−R” (R’及び
Rhはそれぞれ水素原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキ
ル基又は置換若しくは非置換のアリール基を表わす。〉
を表わす。)
一般式[C]
置換若しくは非置換の脂環式複素環、置換若しくは非置
換の芳香族炭化水素環又は置換若しくは非置換の芳香族
複素環を形成するのに必要な原子群を表わす。R2+は
水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキ
ル基、置換若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基、水M基、シ
アノ基、ニトロ基又はNHYを表わす。Yは一〇−R’
又は502−R″ (R’及びRnはそれぞれ水素原子
、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基又は置換若しくは非
置換の7リール基を表わす。〉を表わす。)
そしてAr+及びAr2の他方は、下記−形成%式%[
]
CI]、[J]、[K]及び[L]からなる群から選ば
れる基である。General formula [I] [In the formula, one of Ar1 and A'2 is the following -formation [A]
, [8] or [C], (wherein x1 and Yl are substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocycle, substituted or Represents an atomic group necessary to form an unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocycle. R+, R2, and R3 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group. , represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, or NHY.Y is 10-R' or -S O2-R
(R' and RII each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.) General formula [8] (In the formula, X1t and Yll and Wll and Zll each independently forms a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocycle, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocycle; R11 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, or N.H.
○ represents Y. Y is 10-R' or -8O2-R''(R' and Rh each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.)
represents. ) General formula [C] represents an atomic group necessary to form a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocycle, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocycle. R2+ represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a water M group, a cyano group, a nitro group, or NHY. Y is 10-R'
or 502-R''(R' and Rn each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted 7-aryl group.) And the other of Ar+ and Ar2 is the following - formation. %formula%[
] CI], [J], [K] and [L].
(式中、X21とY2+及びW21とZ21はそれぞれ
、独立に置換若しくは非置換の脂環式炭化水素環、R,
コ Kコ
(式中、X31及びY3+は置換若しくは非置換の脂環
式炭化水素環、置換若しくは非置換の脂環式複素環、置
換若しくは非置換の芳香族炭化水素環又は置換若しくは
非置換の芳香族複素環を形成するのに必要な原子群を表
わす。Rs+、Rs2及びR33はそれぞれ水素原子、
ハロゲン原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基、置換
若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基、水II、シアノ基、ニ
トロ基、C0NI(R’又はN)−IYを表わす。Yは
C−R’又は−802−R” (R’及びRttはそ
れぞれ水素原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基又は
置換若しくは非置換のアリール基を表わす。)を表わす
。)
一般式[E]
(式中、R4+ 、 R42,R43及びR44はそれ
ぞれ、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若しくは非置換の
アルキル基、置換若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基、水酸
基、C0NHR’ またはNHYを表わすが、又はR4
1とR42及びR43とR44のうち少なくとも一方が
、連結して置換若しくは非置換の脂環式炭化水素環、置
換若しくは非置換の脂環式複素環、置換若しくは非置換
の芳香族炭化水素環又は置換若しくは非置換の芳香族複
素環を形成するのに必要な原子群を表わし、環の形成に
関与しない基は上記R41,R42,R43又はR44
で定義したのと同○
様のものを表わす。Yは、−C−R’ または−802
−R“ (R’及びRITは、それぞれ水素原子、置換
若しくは非置換のアルキル基、または置換若しくは非置
換のアリール基を表わす。〉を表わす。R45及びR4
6は、それぞれ、置換苦しくは非置換のアルキル基を表
わし、またこれらが3員ないし7員の環を形成するとき
はアルキレン基を表わす。)
−形成[F]
(式中、Rs+ 、R52,Rsa、R54及びR55
はそれぞれ、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若しくは非
置換のアルキル基、置換若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基
、水酸基、シアノ基、ニトロ基またはN)(Yを表わす
。Yは、−C−R’又は−3Q 2− R″(R’ 及
びRnはそれぞれ水素原子、置換若しくは非置換のアル
キル基又は置換若しくは非置換のアリール基を表わすa
)を表わす。〉
一般式[G]
k?−ms
(式中、Rs+及びR62はそれぞれ水素原子、置換若
しくは非置換のアルキル基又は置換若しくは非置換のア
リール基を表わし、かつR6+及びR62は互いに連結
して芳香族環若しくは環状アルキレン基を形成していて
もよく、またR63.R64゜R65,R66及びR6
7はそれぞれ水素原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル
基、置換若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基又は置換若しく
は非置換のアリール基を表わす。)
一般式[)−11
(式中、R?+ 、 R72、R73及びR74はそれ
ぞれ水素原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基、置換
若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基、5OaCH3又は水酸
基を表わし、R7Sは水素原子、置換若しくは非置換の
アルキル基、水酸基又は置換若しくは非置換のアミノ基
を表わす。)
一般式[I]
一般式[K]
(式中、Ra+及びRszはそれぞれ水素原子、ハロゲ
ン原子、水酸基、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基又は
置換若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基又はNHYを表わす
、Yは一般式[A]で定義したものと同義である。)
一般式[J]
(式中、R91及びR92はそれぞれ水素原子、ハロゲ
ン原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基を表わし、R
93、R94、Rss及びR%はそれぞれ水素原子、ハ
ロゲン原子、水酸基又は置換若しくは非置換のアルコキ
シ基を表わす。)
(式中、×11とYll及びWllとzllはそれぞれ
・独立に置換若しくは非置換の脂環式炭化水素環、置換
若しくは非置換の脂環式複素環、置換若しくは非置換の
芳香族炭化水素環又は置換若しくは非置換の芳香族複素
環を形成するのに必要な原子群を表わす。R11は水素
原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基
、置換若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基、水酸基、シアノ
基、ニトロ基、置換若しくは非置換のアミノ基又はNH
Yを表わす。Yは一〇−R’又は−802−R” (
R’及びR“はそれぞれ水素原子、置換若しくは非置換
のアルキル基又は置換若しくは非置換のアリール基を表
わす、)を表わす。〉
−形成[L]
X2. y2
(式中、X2z!:Y2+及U W 21とZ2+はそ
れぞれ、独立に置換若しくは非置換の脂環式炭化水素環
、置換若しくは非置換の脂環式複素環、置換若しくは非
置換の芳香族炭化水素環又は置換若しくは非置換の芳香
族複素環を形成するのに必要な原子群を表わす。R2+
は水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若しくは非置換のアル
キル基、置換若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基、水酸基、
シアノ基、ニトロ基又はNHYを表わす。Yは一〇−R
’又は−8O2−R” (R’及びR“はそれぞれ水
素原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基又は置換若し
くは非置換のアリール基を表わす。)を表わす。)]
以下、本発明に係るスクェアリウム化合物にっいて具体
的に説明する。(In the formula, X21 and Y2+ and W21 and Z21 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, R,
Co K Co (wherein X31 and Y3+ are a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocycle, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring) Represents the atomic group necessary to form an aromatic heterocycle.Rs+, Rs2 and R33 are each a hydrogen atom,
Represents a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, water II, a cyano group, a nitro group, C0NI(R' or N)-IY. Y represents C-R' or -802-R"(R' and Rtt each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.) General formula [E] (In the formula, R4+, R42, R43 and R44 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, C0NHR' or NHY, or R4
At least one of 1 and R42 and R43 and R44 is connected to a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocycle, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or Represents an atomic group necessary to form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocycle, and groups that do not participate in ring formation are the above R41, R42, R43 or R44.
○ Represents something similar to that defined in . Y is -C-R' or -802
-R"(R' and RIT each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group). R45 and R4
6 each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, and when these form a 3- to 7-membered ring, represents an alkylene group. ) -Formation [F] (wherein Rs+ , R52, Rsa, R54 and R55
each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, or N) (Y. Y is -C-R' or - 3Q 2-R''(R' and Rn each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group a)
). > General formula [G] k? -ms (wherein Rs+ and R62 each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and R6+ and R62 are linked to each other to form an aromatic ring or a cyclic alkylene group) R63.R64°R65, R66 and R6
7 each represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. ) General formula [)-11 (In the formula, R?+, R72, R73 and R74 each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, 5OaCH3 or a hydroxyl group, and R7S is hydrogen Represents an atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group.) General formula [I] General formula [K] (wherein, Ra+ and Rsz each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, Represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, or NHY, Y has the same meaning as defined in general formula [A].) General formula [J] (wherein, R91 and R92 are Each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, and R
93, R94, Rss and R% each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group. ) (In the formula, x11 and Yll and Wll and zll each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocycle, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon Represents an atomic group necessary to form a ring or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocycle.R11 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group. group, nitro group, substituted or unsubstituted amino group or NH
Represents Y. Y is 10-R' or -802-R" (
R' and R'' each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.〉 -Formation [L] X2.y2 (In the formula, X2z!: Y2+ and U W 21 and Z2+ each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocycle, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring. Represents the atomic group necessary to form a group heterocycle.R2+
is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group,
Represents a cyano group, nitro group or NHY. Y is 10-R
' or -8O2-R''(R' and R'' each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group). )] Hereinafter, the squalium compound according to the present invention will be specifically explained.
本発明に係るスクェアリウム化合物は一般式[IFで表
わされるが、−形成[IFにおけるAr+ およびAr
2のどちらが一方は前記の一般式[A]、[8]又は[
C]から選ばれ、他方のAr+ 又はAr2は前記−形
成[D]、[Eコ。The squalium compound according to the present invention is represented by the general formula [IF, but - formation [Ar+ and Ar in IF]
2, which one is the general formula [A], [8] or [
C], and the other Ar+ or Ar2 is selected from the above-mentioned - formation [D], [Eco].
[F]、[G]、[口]、[1]、[J]。[F], [G], [mouth], [1], [J].
[K]及び[シ]からなる群がら選ばれる基である。It is a group selected from the group consisting of [K] and [C].
但し、Ar+又はA「2のうち1方が一般式[A]で表
わされる基から選ばれ、他方のAI’+又はAr2が一
般式[F]で表わされる基から選ばれるとき、−形成[
A]のXl及びYlが形成する環は窒素原子を含まない
。またAr+又はAr2のうち1方が一般式[A]で表
わされる基から選ばれ、他方のAr4又はAr2が一般
式[K]で表わされる基から選ばれる時、−形成[K]
(7)R11は置換若しくは非置換のアミノ基ではない
。However, when one of Ar+ or A'2 is selected from the groups represented by the general formula [A] and the other AI'+ or Ar2 is selected from the groups represented by the general formula [F], - formation [
A] The ring formed by Xl and Yl does not contain a nitrogen atom. Further, when one of Ar+ or Ar2 is selected from the groups represented by the general formula [A] and the other Ar4 or Ar2 is selected from the groups represented by the general formula [K], - formation [K]
(7) R11 is not a substituted or unsubstituted amino group.
一般式[D]で表わされる基のうち、環の中に窒素原子
を少なくとも1つ含む場合は、例えば下記−形成[D−
IF、[D−4]又は[D−III]で表わされる基が
挙げられる。When the group represented by the general formula [D] contains at least one nitrogen atom in the ring, for example, the following -formation [D-
Examples include a group represented by IF, [D-4] or [D-III].
一般式[D−IF
[式中、R3+、R32及びR33はそれぞれ一般式[
0]で定義したものと同義であり、R3+は水素原子、
置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基又は置換若しくは非置
換のアリール基を表わし、R35゜R36,R37及び
Rsaはそれぞれ水素原子、ハロゲン原子又は置換若し
くは非置換のアルキル基を表わす。〕
一般式[[)−■〕
[式中、R31,R32及びR33はそれぞれ一般式[
D]で定義したものと同義であり、R34は一般式[D
−IFで定義したものと同義であり、R3s’ 、 R
36、R37’及びR38′はそれぞれ水素原子、ハロ
ゲン原子又は置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基又は置換
若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基を表わす。]
一般式[D−11
1式中、Rs+、Rs2及びRaaは一般式[D]で定
義されたものと同義であり、R3+は水素原子、M操者
しくは非置換のアルキル基又は@換若しくは非置換のア
リール基を表わす。X31は少なくとも6員の飽和若し
くは不飽和の単環の複素環を形成するのに必要な炭素原
子群、又は窒素原子以外に少なくとも1個のへテロ原子
を含み全体で少なくとも5員の環を形成するのに必要な
原子群をそれぞれ表わす。コ
−形成[E]で表わされる基のうち、環を形成する場合
は、例えば下記−形成[E−1]又は[E−2]で表わ
される基が挙げられる。General formula [D-IF [wherein R3+, R32 and R33 are each represented by the general formula [D-IF]
0], R3+ is a hydrogen atom,
It represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and R35°R36, R37 and Rsa each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group. ] General formula [[)-■] [In the formula, R31, R32 and R33 are each the general formula [
D], and R34 is the general formula [D
-Same meaning as defined in IF, R3s', R
36, R37' and R38' each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group. ] General formula [D-11 In formula 1, Rs+, Rs2 and Raa have the same meanings as defined in general formula [D], and R3+ is a hydrogen atom, M operator or unsubstituted alkyl group, or @substituted or represents an unsubstituted aryl group. X31 is a carbon atom group necessary to form at least a 6-membered saturated or unsaturated monocyclic heterocycle, or contains at least one heteroatom other than the nitrogen atom, forming a total of at least 5-membered rings; Each represents the atomic group necessary to do so. Among the groups represented by co-formation [E], when forming a ring, examples include groups represented by the following -formation [E-1] or [E-2].
−形成[E−1]
化水素環又は置換若しくは非置換の芳香族複素環を形成
するのに必要な原子群を表わす。]一般形成E−2]
[式中、R41及びR42は、それぞれ、水素原子、ハ
ロゲン原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基、ii!
換若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基、水[iまたはN日Y
を表わす。Yは、−C−R’ またはS 02− R″
(R’及びRnは、それぞれ水素原子、置換若しくは非
置換のアルキル基、または置換若しくは非置換の7リー
ル基を表わす。)を表わし、R45及びR46は一般式
[E]で定義したものと同義であり、X4+及びY41
は置換若しくは非置換の脂環式炭化水素環、置換若しく
は非置換の脂環式複素環、置換若しくは非置換の芳香族
炭[式中、R45及びR46は一般式[E]で定義した
ものと同義であり、X4+とY41及びZ4+とW41
はそれぞれ、独立に置換若しくは非置換の脂環式炭化水
素環、置換若しくは非置換の脂環式複素環、置換若しく
は非置換の芳香族炭化水素環又は置換若しくは非置換の
芳香族複素環を形成するのに必要な原子群を表わす。]
一般式[A]におけるR1.R2及びR3、形成[B]
におけるR11、−形成[C]におけるR21、−形成
[D]におけるR31.R32及びR33、−形成[E
]におけるR4+、R42,R43及びR44、−形成
[F]におけるRs+ 、R52,R53,R54及び
R55のアルキル基としては炭素原子数1〜7のアルキ
ル基が好ましく、更に好ましくは炭素原子数1〜3のア
ルキル基である。このアルキル基は置換基を有するもの
を含み、置換基の代表的なものとしてはハロゲン原子、
水酸基、アルコキシ基等が挙げられる。アルキル基の具
体例としては、メチル基、エチル基、クロロメチル基等
が挙げられ、このうち好ましいものは、例えばメチル基
であり、ハロゲン原子の例としては塩素原子、臭素原子
、フッ素原子等が挙げられ、アルコキシ基としては、例
えば炭素原子数1〜7のものが好ましく、これらの具体
例としてはメトキシ基、エトキシ基等が挙げられる。ま
た、NHYのYは−C−R’又は5O2−R”を示すが
、R′及びR“で表わされるアルキル基としては、メチ
ル基、エチル基、プロピル基等が挙げられる。-Formation [E-1] Represents an atomic group necessary to form a hydrogenated ring or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocycle. ]General Formation E-2] [In the formula, R41 and R42 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, ii!
substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, water [i or
represents. Y is -C-R' or S02-R''
(R' and Rn each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted 7-aryl group), and R45 and R46 have the same meaning as defined in general formula [E] , X4+ and Y41
is a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocycle, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic carbon [wherein R45 and R46 are as defined in general formula [E] Synonymous, X4+ and Y41 and Z4+ and W41
each independently forms a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocycle, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocycle; represents the atomic group necessary to ] R1. in general formula [A]. R2 and R3, formation [B]
R11 in -R21 in -formation [C], R31 in -formation [D]. R32 and R33, -formation [E
The alkyl groups of R4+, R42, R43 and R44 in - formation [F], R52, R53, R54 and R55 are preferably alkyl groups having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 7 carbon atoms. 3 is an alkyl group. This alkyl group includes those having a substituent, and representative examples of the substituent include a halogen atom,
Examples include hydroxyl group and alkoxy group. Specific examples of the alkyl group include methyl group, ethyl group, chloromethyl group, etc. Among these, the preferred one is, for example, the methyl group, and examples of the halogen atom include chlorine atom, bromine atom, fluorine atom, etc. As the alkoxy group, for example, those having 1 to 7 carbon atoms are preferable, and specific examples thereof include methoxy group, ethoxy group, etc. Further, Y in NHY represents -C-R' or 5O2-R'', and examples of the alkyl group represented by R' and R'' include a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a propyl group.
−形成[E]におけるR45及びR46のアルキル基と
しては炭素原子数1〜7のアルキル基が好ましく、更に
好ましくは炭素原子数1〜3のアルキル基である。この
アルキル基は置換基を有するものを含み、置換基の代表
的なものとしてはアルキル基、フェニル基、水酸基、ア
ルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子等が挙げられる。- The alkyl group of R45 and R46 in formation [E] is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. This alkyl group includes those having a substituent, and representative examples of the substituent include an alkyl group, a phenyl group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, and the like.
置換アルキル基としては例えばベンジル基が挙げられ、
このベンジル基は、炭素数1〜6のアルキル基、水酸基
、炭素数1〜4のアルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、ニトロ
基、シアノ基、炭素数1〜4のアルコキシカルボニル基
、トリフルオロメチル基等で置換されていてもよい。Examples of substituted alkyl groups include benzyl groups,
This benzyl group is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a trifluoromethyl group, etc. May be replaced.
一般式[D−I]、[0−Ill及び[D−Ill]に
おけるR34で表わされるアルキル基としては、炭素原
子数1〜4のものが好ましぺ、置換アルキル基としては
代表的にはベンジル基が挙げられる。The alkyl group represented by R34 in the general formulas [D-I], [0-Ill and [D-Ill] preferably has 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the substituted alkyl group is typically Examples include benzyl group.
またアリール基としては置換若しくは非置換のフェニル
基等が挙げられる。Examples of the aryl group include substituted or unsubstituted phenyl groups.
一般式[G]におけるRst又はR62で表わされるア
ルキル基としては炭素原子数1〜13のものが好ましく
、Rsa、Rs令、Rss、Rss又はR67で表わさ
れるアルキル基としては炭素原子数1〜13のものが好
ましく、アルコキシ基としては炭素原子数1〜13のも
のが好ましい。The alkyl group represented by Rst or R62 in the general formula [G] preferably has 1 to 13 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group represented by Rsa, Rs, Rss, Rss or R67 has 1 to 13 carbon atoms. The alkoxy group is preferably one having 1 to 13 carbon atoms.
−形成[口]におけるR 71. R72、R73又は
R74で表わされるアルキル基としては、炭素原子数1
〜6のものが好ましい。- R in formation [mouth] 71. The alkyl group represented by R72, R73 or R74 has 1 carbon atom
~6 is preferred.
一般式[1]におけるRa+又はRazで表わされるア
ルキル基としては炭素原子数1〜4のものが好ましく、
アルコキシ基としては炭素原子数1〜4のものが好まし
い。The alkyl group represented by Ra+ or Raz in general formula [1] preferably has 1 to 4 carbon atoms,
The alkoxy group preferably has 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
一般式[J]におけるR94又はR92で表わされるア
ルキル基としては、炭素原子数1〜6のものが好ましく
、Rs3 、 R94、R95又はR96で表わされる
アルコキシ基としては炭素原子数1〜6のものが好まし
い。The alkyl group represented by R94 or R92 in general formula [J] preferably has 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and the alkoxy group represented by Rs3, R94, R95 or R96 has 1 to 6 carbon atoms. is preferred.
以下、本発明に有用な前記スクェアリウム化合物の具体
例を以下に示すが、本発明に用いられるスクェアリウム
化合物はこれに限定されるもので(D−29)
(D−30)
しl−1ff
しnコ
例示化合物
(E−10)
(E−23)
しI″1才
(E−14)
例示化合物
(F−2)
(F−3)
(F−13)
(F−4)
例示化合物
−形成[I]で表わされる本発明のスクェアリウム化合
物は、例えば特開昭62−267753号及び5PSE
予稿集p、19 、1989年の記載に準じて、下記の
式で示すように4段階で合成することがで以トT−旦b
i」≦芸
第1段階では、式(A)の酸り0941体に溶媒を加え
、ついでテトラエトキシエチレン(B)及び有機アミン
を加え、反応させる。次に、第2段階として、後処理の
後、酸化アルミニウムで処理し精製し式(C)の化合物
を得る。Specific examples of the squalium compounds useful in the present invention are shown below, but the squalium compounds used in the present invention are limited to these (D-29) (D-30) Exemplified Compound (E-10) (E-23) Exemplified Compound (E-14) Exemplified Compound (F-2) (F-3) (F-13) (F-4) Exemplified Compound - The squalium compound of the present invention represented by the formation [I] is disclosed in, for example, JP-A No. 62-267753 and 5PSE
According to the description in Proceedings p. 19, 1989, it can be synthesized in four steps as shown by the following formula. In the first step, the acid of formula (A) A solvent is added to the 0941 body, and then tetraethoxyethylene (B) and an organic amine are added to react. Next, as a second step, after post-treatment, the compound is purified by treatment with aluminum oxide to obtain a compound of formula (C).
第3段階では、第2段階で得られた式(C)の化合物を
希塩破中で加熱還流して加水分解し、式(D)の化合物
を得る。In the third step, the compound of formula (C) obtained in the second step is hydrolyzed by heating under reflux in a dilute salt solution to obtain the compound of formula (D).
第4段階では、第3段階で得られ単離した式(D)の化
合物を溶媒中還流法または減圧法で式(E)のA「2−
口を反応させて目的とするスクェアリウム化合物(F)
を得る。ここで用いられる溶媒としては炭素数2ないし
10の1級または2級アルコール、もしくはそれらのア
ルコールとベンゼン、トルエン、キシレンなどの芳香族
炭化水素との共沸混合物を用いることができる。In the fourth step, the compound of formula (D) obtained and isolated in the third step is refluxed in a solvent or by a reduced pressure method.
Squarium compound (F) aimed at making the mouth react
get. As the solvent used here, primary or secondary alcohols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or azeotropic mixtures of these alcohols and aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene can be used.
次に本発明に係るスクェアリウム化合物の具体的合成法
について下記に示す。Next, a specific method for synthesizing the squalium compound according to the present invention will be described below.
(化合物(H)の合成〉
ペンシルクOライド体(G ) 200Qをn−ヘキサ
ン2J!に入れ、テトラエトキシエチレン(B)206
g及びトリエチルアミン102gを加え、約10時間撹
拌する。ついで、酸化アルミニウムsoogで処理し、
化合物(ロ) 177Qを得た。収率55%。(Synthesis of compound (H)) Pencil O-ride (G) 200Q was added to n-hexane 2J!, and tetraethoxyethylene (B) 206
g and 102 g of triethylamine are added and stirred for about 10 hours. Then treated with aluminum oxide soog,
Compound (b) 177Q was obtained. Yield 55%.
(化合物(1)の合成)
化合物(H)177gに20%塩酸1ftを加え、5時
間加熱還流する。後処理後、OH体(1)を1099得
た。収率93%。(Synthesis of Compound (1)) 1 ft of 20% hydrochloric acid was added to 177 g of Compound (H), and the mixture was heated under reflux for 5 hours. After post-treatment, 1099 OH forms (1) were obtained. Yield 93%.
(例示化合物E−14の合成〉
OH体(1) 109Gに1−ヘプタツール52と化合
物(J)749を加え、減圧下2時間、撹拌加熱還流を
行う。熱時吸引濾過し、アセトン101で3回洗浄する
。減圧乾燥し、目的とする例示化合物E−14を158
g得た。収率91%。(Synthesis of Exemplified Compound E-14) Add 1-heptatool 52 and Compound (J) 749 to OH form (1) 109G, stir and heat under reflux for 2 hours under reduced pressure. Suction filtrate while hot, and add acetone 101. Wash 3 times.Dry under reduced pressure, and remove the target exemplified compound E-14 from 158
I got g. Yield 91%.
元素分析 CHN
計算値(%’) 72.62 4.90 4.0
3実測値(%) 72.32 5.18 3.8
0分光吸収スペクトル(塩化メチレン中)λlax =
655nm (塩化メチレン中〉赤外線吸収スペクト
ル(KBr中)
v wax = 1590cm−’ (C−0)融点(
日本薬局方融点測定法)
232℃
本発明に係るスクェアリウム化合物は、優れた光導電性
を有し、これを用いて感光体を製造する場合、導電性支
持体上に本発明に係るスクェアリウム化合物をバインダ
ー中に分散した感光層を設けることにより製造すること
ができるが、本発明に係るスクェアリウム化合物の持つ
光導電性のうち、特に優れたキャリア発生能を利用して
キャリア発生物質として用い、これと組み合わせて有効
に作用し得るキャリア輸送物質と共に用いることにより
、いわゆる機能分離型の感光体を構成した場合、特に優
れた結果が得られる。前記機能分離型感光体は分散型の
ものであってもよいが、キャリア発生物質を含むキャリ
ア発生層とキャリア輸送物質を含むキャリア輸送層を積
層した積層型感光体とすることがより好ましい。Elemental analysis CHN Calculated value (%') 72.62 4.90 4.0
3 Actual value (%) 72.32 5.18 3.8
0 spectral absorption spectrum (in methylene chloride) λlax =
655 nm (in methylene chloride) Infrared absorption spectrum (in KBr) v wax = 1590 cm-' (C-0) Melting point (
The squalium compound according to the present invention has excellent photoconductivity, and when a photoreceptor is manufactured using the squareium compound according to the present invention, the squareium compound according to the present invention is placed on a conductive support. Although it can be produced by providing a photosensitive layer in which a compound is dispersed in a binder, it can be used as a carrier-generating substance by utilizing the particularly excellent carrier-generating ability of the photoconductivity of the squareium compound according to the present invention. Particularly excellent results can be obtained when a so-called functionally separated photoreceptor is constructed by using a carrier transporting substance that can effectively act in combination with the photoreceptor. The functionally separated photoreceptor may be of a dispersed type, but it is more preferably a laminated type photoreceptor in which a carrier generation layer containing a carrier generation substance and a carrier transport layer containing a carrier transport substance are laminated.
本発明に係るスクェアリウム化合物をキャリア発生物質
として用いた場合、これと組み合わせて用いられるキャ
リア輸送物質としては、トリニトロフルオレノンあるい
はテトラニトロフルオレノンなどの電子を輸送しやすい
電子受容性物質のほか、ポリ−N−ビニルカルバゾール
に代表されるような複素環化合物を側鎖に有する重合体
、トリアゾール誘導体、オキサジアゾール誘導体、イミ
ダゾール誘導体、ピラゾリン誘導体、ボリアリールアル
カン誘導体、フェニレンジアミン誘導体、ヒドラゾン誘
導体、アミノ置換カルボン誘導体、トリアリールアミン
誘導体、カルバゾール誘導体、スチルベン誘導体、フェ
ノチアジン誘導体、アジン誘導体、ブタジェン誘導体、
シッフベーク。誘導体、ポリシラン誘導体、ポリアニリ
ン誘導体等の正孔を輸送しやすい電子供与性物質が挙げ
られるが、本発明に用いられるキャリア輸送物質はこれ
らに限定されるものではない。When the squalium compound according to the present invention is used as a carrier-generating substance, carrier-transporting substances to be used in combination with it include electron-accepting substances that easily transport electrons such as trinitrofluorenone or tetranitrofluorenone, as well as polyester - Polymers having heterocyclic compounds in their side chains such as N-vinylcarbazole, triazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, pyrazoline derivatives, polyarylalkane derivatives, phenylenediamine derivatives, hydrazone derivatives, amino-substituted carvone derivatives, triarylamine derivatives, carbazole derivatives, stilbene derivatives, phenothiazine derivatives, azine derivatives, butadiene derivatives,
Schiffbake. Examples include electron-donating substances that easily transport holes, such as derivatives, polysilane derivatives, and polyaniline derivatives, but the carrier transporting substance used in the present invention is not limited to these.
感光体の構成は種々の形態が知られているが、本発明の
感光体はそれらのいずれの形態をもとり得る。Various configurations of photoconductors are known, and the photoconductor of the present invention can take any of these configurations.
通常は、第1図〜第6図の形態である。第1図は負帯電
用感光体の例で、導電性支持体1上に前述のスクェアリ
ウム化合物を主成分として含有するキャリア発生層2、
その上にキャリア輸送物質を主成分として含有するキャ
リア輸送層3を積層構成に設けた感光層4を有する場合
である。Usually, the configuration is as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6. FIG. 1 shows an example of a photoreceptor for negative charging, in which a carrier generation layer 2 containing the above-mentioned squareium compound as a main component on a conductive support 1,
This is a case in which the photosensitive layer 4 has a carrier transport layer 3 containing a carrier transport material as a main component thereon in a laminated structure.
第2図は正帯電用感光体の例で、キャリア発生層2がキ
ャリア輸送層3の上に設けられている。FIG. 2 shows an example of a photoreceptor for positive charging, in which a carrier generation layer 2 is provided on a carrier transport layer 3.
この場合、そのキャリア発生層の保護のために、当該キ
ャリア発生層の上にオーバーコート層や中間層を形成す
ることが望ましい。In this case, in order to protect the carrier generation layer, it is desirable to form an overcoat layer or an intermediate layer on the carrier generation layer.
オーバーコート層としては、各種バインダーを用いるこ
とができるが、アクリル樹脂、イソシアネート樹脂等が
望ましい。さらに、酸化スズ、酸化チタン等をバインダ
ー中に分散することもできる。Various binders can be used for the overcoat layer, but acrylic resins, isocyanate resins, etc. are preferable. Furthermore, tin oxide, titanium oxide, etc. can also be dispersed in the binder.
中間層としては、オーバーコート層と同様のバインダー
類や金属酸化物等が使用できる。ざらにシリコンやジル
コニウムを含む化合物を用いることもできる。As the intermediate layer, the same binders and metal oxides as those for the overcoat layer can be used. A compound containing silicon or zirconium may also be used.
第3図及び第4図に示すようにこの感光層4は、導電性
支持体上に設けた中間層5を介して設けてもよい。この
ように感光層4を二層構成としたときに最も優れた電子
写真特性を有する感光体が得られる。また本発明におい
ては、第5図および第6図に示すように前記キャリア発
生物質7とキャリア輸送物質を層6中に分散せしめて成
る感光層4を導電性支持体1上に直接、あるいは中間層
5を介して設けてもよい。As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, this photosensitive layer 4 may be provided via an intermediate layer 5 provided on a conductive support. When the photosensitive layer 4 has a two-layer structure in this manner, a photoreceptor having the most excellent electrophotographic properties can be obtained. Further, in the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a photosensitive layer 4 comprising a carrier generating substance 7 and a carrier transporting substance dispersed in a layer 6 is formed on the conductive support 1 directly or in an intermediate manner. It may be provided via layer 5.
二層構成の感光層4を構成するキャリア発生層2は導電
性支持体1、もしくはキャリア輸送層3上に直接、ある
いは必要に応じて接着層もしくはバリヤー層などの中間
層を設けた上に例えば次の方法によって形成することが
できる。The carrier generation layer 2 constituting the two-layered photosensitive layer 4 may be applied directly to the conductive support 1 or the carrier transport layer 3, or if necessary, after providing an intermediate layer such as an adhesive layer or a barrier layer, for example. It can be formed by the following method.
M−1)本発明に係るスクェアリウム化合物を適当なm
媒に溶解した溶液を、あるいは必要に応じてバインダー
を加え混合溶解した溶液を塗布する方法。M-1) Add the squalium compound according to the present invention to a suitable m
A method of applying a solution dissolved in a medium, or a solution mixed and dissolved with a binder added if necessary.
M−2)本発明に係るスクェアリウム化合物をボールミ
ル、ホモミキサー等によって分散媒中で微細粒子とし、
必要に応じてバインダーをくわえ混合分散した分散液を
塗布する方法。M-2) The squalium compound according to the present invention is made into fine particles in a dispersion medium using a ball mill, a homomixer, etc.,
A method of applying a mixed and dispersed dispersion by adding a binder as necessary.
キャリア発生層の形成に使用される溶媒あるいは分散媒
としては、n−ブチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、エチレ
ンジアミン、イソプロパツールアミン、トリエタノール
アミン、トリエチレンジアミン、N、N−ジメチルホル
ムアミド、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、シクロヘキ
サノン、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、クロロホルム
、1,2−ジクロロエタン、1,1.2−4−ジクロロ
エタン、1.1.14リクロロエタン、トリクロロエタ
ン、テトラクロロエタン、ジクonメタン、テトラヒド
ロフラン、ジオキサン、メタノール、エタノール、イソ
プロパツール、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、ジメチルスル
ホキシド等が挙げられる。Solvents or dispersion media used to form the carrier generation layer include n-butylamine, diethylamine, ethylenediamine, isopropanolamine, triethanolamine, triethylenediamine, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetone, methylethylketone, cyclohexanone, and benzene. , toluene, xylene, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1.2-4-dichloroethane, 1.1.14-lichloroethane, trichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, dichloroethane, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, methanol, ethanol, isopropane tools, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, and the like.
また、キャリア輸送層は上記キャリア発生層と同様にし
て形成することができる。Further, the carrier transport layer can be formed in the same manner as the carrier generation layer described above.
キャリア発生層あるいはキャリア輸送層の形成にバイン
ダー樹脂を用いる場合は任意のものを用いることができ
るが、疎水性で、かつ誘電率が高く、電気絶縁性のフィ
ルム形成性高分子重合体を用いるのが好ましい。このよ
うな高分子重合体としては、例えば次のものを挙げるこ
とができるが、これらに限定されるものではない。When using a binder resin to form the carrier generation layer or the carrier transport layer, any binder resin can be used, but it is preferable to use a film-forming polymer that is hydrophobic, has a high dielectric constant, and is electrically insulating. is preferred. Examples of such high molecular weight polymers include, but are not limited to, the following.
P−1〉ポリカーボネート
P−2)ポリエステル
P−3)メタクリル樹脂
P−4)アクリル樹脂
P−5)ポリ塩化ビニル
P−6)ポリ塩化ごニリデン
P−7〉ポリスチレン
P−8)ポリビニルアセテート
P−9)スチレン−ブタジェン共重合体P −10)塩
化ビニリデン−アクリロニトリル共重合体
P−11)塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル共重合体P −12
)塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル−無水マレイン酸共重合体
p −13)シリコン樹脂
P−14) シIJコン−7)Lt’tyト@t*P
−15)フェノールホルムアルデヒド樹脂p −16)
スチレン−アルキッド樹脂p −17)ポリ−N−ビニ
ルカルバゾールp −18)ポリビニルブチラール
p −19)ポリビニルフォルマール
p−20)酢酸ビニル樹脂
p−21)エポキシ樹脂
これらのバインダー樹脂は、単独であるいは2種以上の
混合物として用いることができる。P-1> Polycarbonate P-2) Polyester P-3) Methacrylic resin P-4) Acrylic resin P-5) Polyvinyl chloride P-6) Polynylidene chloride P-7> Polystyrene P-8) Polyvinyl acetate P- 9) Styrene-butadiene copolymer P-10) Vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer P-11) Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer P-12
) Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-maleic anhydride copolymer p-13) Silicone resin P-14) Silicone resin-7) Lt'ty@t*P
-15) Phenol formaldehyde resin p -16)
Styrene-alkyd resin p-17) Poly-N-vinylcarbazole p-18) Polyvinyl butyral p-19) Polyvinyl formal p-20) Vinyl acetate resin p-21) Epoxy resin These binder resins can be used alone or in combination. It can be used as a mixture of more than one species.
このようにして形成されるキャリア発生層2の厚さは、
0.01μ−〜20μ−であることが好ましいが、更に
好ましくは0.05μ−〜5μmである。またキャリア
発生層あるいは感光層が分散系の場合、スクェアリウム
化合物の粒径は5μ−以下であることが好ましく、更に
好ましくは1μ園以下である。The thickness of the carrier generation layer 2 formed in this way is
It is preferably 0.01 μm to 20 μm, more preferably 0.05 μm to 5 μm. Further, when the carrier generation layer or the photosensitive layer is a dispersed type, the particle size of the squalium compound is preferably 5 μm or less, more preferably 1 μm or less.
キャリア発生層において、キャリア発生物質とバインダ
ーとの重量比は好ましくは100:0〜1000である
。キャリア発生物質の含有割合がこれより少ないと光感
度が低く、残基電位の増加を招き、またこれより多いと
暗減衰及び受容電位が低下する。In the carrier generation layer, the weight ratio of the carrier generation substance to the binder is preferably 100:0 to 1000. If the content of the carrier-generating substance is less than this, the photosensitivity will be low and the residue potential will increase, and if it is more than this, dark decay and acceptance potential will decrease.
また、前記のようにして形成されるキャリア輸送層にお
いて、キャリア輸送物質はキャリア輸送層中のバインダ
ー樹@ 100重量部当り20〜200重量部が好まし
く、特に好ましくは30〜150重量部である。Further, in the carrier transport layer formed as described above, the amount of the carrier transport substance is preferably 20 to 200 parts by weight, particularly preferably 30 to 150 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the binder tree in the carrier transport layer.
また、形成されるキャリア輸送層の厚さは、好ましくは
5〜50μm、特に好ましくは5〜30μ回である。Further, the thickness of the carrier transport layer formed is preferably 5 to 50 μm, particularly preferably 5 to 30 μm.
導電層としては、導電性支持体の上に、酸化チタン、酸
化スズ、ヨウ化銅等の無機導電性化合物や、カーボン、
有機半導体、導電性ポリマー等の有機導電性化合物をバ
インダーに分散したり、そのままで塗布することによっ
て形成することができる。The conductive layer is formed of an inorganic conductive compound such as titanium oxide, tin oxide, copper iodide, carbon, etc. on the conductive support.
It can be formed by dispersing an organic conductive compound such as an organic semiconductor or a conductive polymer in a binder or by applying it as it is.
本発明に係るスクェアリウム化合物は、粉粒体工学の見
地から、種々の加工をほどこして、分散性を向上させる
ことができる。たとえば、個式造粒法、スプレードライ
、フリーズドライ、乾式粉砕等が利用できる。The squalium compound according to the present invention can be subjected to various processes to improve its dispersibility from the viewpoint of powder and granule engineering. For example, individual granulation, spray drying, freeze drying, dry pulverization, etc. can be used.
また、結晶形を変化させることによって、電子写真性能
や分散性を向上させることができる。たとえば、有機ア
ミンで溶解してから酸で中和析出させる方法や、圧力′
v!Ji度等で結晶形が変化することがある。Further, by changing the crystal form, electrophotographic performance and dispersibility can be improved. For example, methods include dissolving with organic amine and then neutralizing and precipitating with acid, and
v! The crystal form may change depending on the Ji degree, etc.
本発明の感光体に用いられるlli性支持体としては、
合金を含めた金属板、金属ドラムまたは導電性ポリマー
、酸化インジウム等の導電性化合物や合金を含めたアル
ミニウム、パラジウム、金等の金属薄層を塗布、蒸着あ
るいはラミネートして、導電性化を達成した紙、プラス
チックフィルム等が挙げられる。The lli support used in the photoreceptor of the present invention includes:
Conductivity is achieved by coating, vapor depositing, or laminating metal plates, metal drums, including alloys, or thin layers of metals such as aluminum, palladium, gold, etc., including conductive polymers, and conductive compounds and alloys such as indium oxide. Examples include paper, plastic film, etc.
接着層あるいはバリヤー層などの中間層としては、前記
バインダーとして用いられる高分子重合体のほか、ポリ
ビニルアルコール、エチルセルロース、カルボキシメチ
ルセルロースなどの有機高分子物質または酸化アルミニ
ウムなどが用いられる。As an intermediate layer such as an adhesive layer or a barrier layer, in addition to the polymer used as the binder, an organic polymer material such as polyvinyl alcohol, ethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, or aluminum oxide is used.
本発明の感光体は以上のような構成であって、後述する
ような実施例からも明らかなように、帯電特性、感度特
性、画像形成特性に優れており、特に繰り返し使用した
ときにも疲労劣化が少なく、耐久性が優れたものである
。The photoreceptor of the present invention has the above-described structure, and as is clear from the examples described later, it has excellent charging characteristics, sensitivity characteristics, and image forming characteristics, and is particularly resistant to fatigue even when used repeatedly. It has little deterioration and excellent durability.
[実施例コ
以下、本発明の実施例で具体的に説明するが、これによ
り本発明の実施態様が限定されるものではない。[Example] The present invention will be specifically explained below using Examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
実施例1
300−のステンレスポットに、ポリビニルブチラール
樹脂(商品名、XYHL)0.75Qとテトラヒドロフ
ラン150−と本発明に用いられるスクェアリウム化合
物(E−14)1.5gとを入れ、ガラスピーズ150
1Qを加え、サンドグラインダーで48時間分散する。Example 1 0.75Q of polyvinyl butyral resin (trade name, XYHL), 150% of tetrahydrofuran, and 1.5g of the squalium compound (E-14) used in the present invention were placed in a 300% stainless steel pot, and 150% of glass peas were added.
Add 1Q and disperse with a sand grinder for 48 hours.
この分散液をアルミニウム蒸着ベース上に乾燥後の膜厚
が約0.2μとなる様、ワイヤーバーで塗布し、キャリ
ア発生層(CGL)を形成した。次に、ポリカーボネー
ト樹脂(商品名、パンライトK −1300) γ、
5Qと塩化エチレン50teと下記キャリア輸送物質に
−14,Oaとを磁気撹拌機で混合する。この液を、前
記CGLの上に、乾燥後の膜厚が20μとなるように、
アプリケーターによって塗布し、キャリア輸送層(CT
L)を形成した。This dispersion was applied onto an aluminum vapor-deposited base using a wire bar so that the film thickness after drying was approximately 0.2 μm to form a carrier generation layer (CGL). Next, polycarbonate resin (trade name, Panlite K-1300) γ,
5Q, 50te of ethylene chloride, the following carrier transport substance, and -14,Oa are mixed with a magnetic stirrer. Apply this liquid onto the CGL so that the film thickness after drying is 20μ.
Applied by an applicator, the carrier transport layer (CT
L) was formed.
1く −1
V A = −1250V、El/2 = 1.O1
ux−secであった。1 -1 V A = -1250V, El/2 = 1. O1
It was ux-sec.
次に、画像特性及び耐久性を、コニカ■製LDプリンタ
ー(光源790nn+±10no+の半導体レーザー)
で試験した。1万枚までの絵出しテストで、良好な画像
が得られた。Next, image characteristics and durability were evaluated using a Konica ■ LD printer (semiconductor laser with light source of 790 nn+±10 no+).
Tested with. Good images were obtained in a picture printing test of up to 10,000 sheets.
実施例2〜10
実施例1で、キャリア発生物質(CGM)化合物E−1
4及びキャリア輸送物質(CTM)K−1を表1のよう
にかえて感光体を作製し、実施例1と同様に電子写真性
能を評価した。結果を表1オーブンに入れ、よく乾燥し
た後、電子写真性能を試験した。すなわち、川口電気製
、静電複写試験装置により一6KVのコロナ放電を5秒
間行なって帯電させた後、5秒WJ暗所に放置し、その
表面電位■^を測定し、次に照度14ルツクスのタング
ステン・ハロゲンランプを感光層に照射し、その表面電
位が■^の半分になるまでの時間を計算して、半減露光
I E 1/2を求めた。その結果に−6
に−8
に−2
に−3
に−4
に−5
に−10
実施例11
実施例1において、CGLとCTLの塗布順序を逆にし
たほかは、実施例1と同様に感光体を作製し、試験した
。(ただし、コロナ帯電は+6KVとした。)結果は、
■^= 1310V、E1/2−1.71ux−Sec
であった。また、1万枚までの絵出しテストの画像は良
好であった。Examples 2-10 In Example 1, carrier generating substance (CGM) compound E-1
Photoreceptors were prepared by changing 4 and carrier transport material (CTM) K-1 as shown in Table 1, and the electrophotographic performance was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1. After being placed in an oven and thoroughly dried, the electrophotographic performance was tested. That is, after charging with a corona discharge of 16 KV for 5 seconds using an electrostatic copying tester manufactured by Kawaguchi Electric, it was left in a WJ dark place for 5 seconds, its surface potential was measured, and then the illuminance was 14 Lux. The photosensitive layer was irradiated with a tungsten halogen lamp, and the time required for the surface potential to become half of ■^ was calculated to determine half exposure I E 1/2. The results were -6 to -8 to -2 to -3 to -4 to -5 to -10 Example 11 Same as Example 1 except that the order of application of CGL and CTL was reversed. A photoreceptor was made and tested. (However, the corona charge was set to +6KV.) The results are as follows.
■^= 1310V, E1/2-1.71ux-Sec
Met. In addition, the images in the image display test of up to 10,000 sheets were good.
実施例12〜20
実施例11で、キャリア発生物質(CGM)E−14及
びキャリア輸送物質(CTM)K−1を、表2のように
変えて感光体を作製し、実施例11と同様に電子写真性
能を評価した。結果を表2に示す。Examples 12 to 20 In Example 11, photoreceptors were prepared by changing the carrier generating material (CGM) E-14 and the carrier transporting material (CTM) K-1 as shown in Table 2, and the photoreceptors were prepared in the same manner as in Example 11. The electrophotographic performance was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.
に−15
に−16
に−17
−11
に−12
に−13
に
4
に−19
[発明の効果]
本発明によって、電子写真感光体の感光層を構成する光
導電性物質として前記−形成[I]で表わされるスクェ
アリウム化合物を使用することにより、感度、残留電位
、電荷保持力等の電子写真特性において優れ、また繰返
し使用した時の疲労劣化が少なく、熱及び光に対して安
定であり、さらに78Onl1以上の長波長領域におい
ても十分な感度を有すると同時に、780nm以下の可
視光領域でも十分使用可能な優れた電子写真感光体を作
成することができる。また、広範なキャリア輸送物質と
の組み合わせにおいても、本発明に係るスクェアリウム
化合物を使用することにより、十分な感度を有する感光
体を提供することができる。-15 -16 -17 -11 -12 -13 4 -19 [Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, the above-mentioned -formation [ By using the squareium compound represented by [I], it has excellent electrophotographic properties such as sensitivity, residual potential, and charge retention, has little fatigue deterioration when used repeatedly, and is stable against heat and light. Furthermore, it is possible to produce an excellent electrophotographic photoreceptor that has sufficient sensitivity even in a long wavelength region of 78 Onl1 or more, and can also be used satisfactorily in a visible light region of 780 nm or less. Moreover, by using the squalium compound according to the present invention in combination with a wide variety of carrier transport substances, a photoreceptor having sufficient sensitivity can be provided.
第1図〜第6図はそれぞれ本発明の電子写真感光体の構
成例について示す断面図であって図中の1〜7はそれぞ
れ以下の事を表わす。
1・・・導電性支持体
2・・・キャリア発生層
3・・・キャリア輸送層
4・・・感光層
5・・・中間層
6・・・キャリア輸送物質を含有する層7・・・キャリ
ア発生物質FIGS. 1 to 6 are cross-sectional views showing structural examples of the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, and 1 to 7 in the figures represent the following, respectively. 1... Conductive support 2... Carrier generation layer 3... Carrier transport layer 4... Photosensitive layer 5... Intermediate layer 6... Layer containing a carrier transport substance 7... Carrier Generated substance
Claims (3)
れるスクエアリウム化合物の少なくとも1種を含有して
なる感光層を有することを特徴とする電子写真感光体。 一般式[ I ] ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ [式中、Ar_1およびAr_2の一方は下記一般式[
A]、[B]又は[C]で表わされる基から選ばれ、 一般式[A] ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ (式中、X_1及びY_1は置換若しくは非置換の脂環
式炭化水素環、置換若しくは非置換の脂環式複素環、置
換若しくは非置換の芳香族炭化水素環又は置換若しくは
非置換の芳香族複素環を形成するのに必要な原子群を表
わす。R_1、R_2及びR_3はそれぞれ水素原子、
ハロゲン原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基、置換
若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基、水酸基、シアノ基、ニ
トロ基又はNHYを表わす。Yは▲数式、化学式、表等
があります▼又は −SO_2−R″(R′及びR″はそれぞれ水素原子、
置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基又は置換若しくは非置
換のアリール基を表わす。)を表わす。) 一般式[B] ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ (式中、X_1_1とY_1_1及びW_1_1とZ_
1_1はそれぞれ、独立に置換若しくは非置換の脂環式
炭化水素環、置換若しくは非置換の脂環式複素環、置換
若しくは非置換の芳香族炭化水素環又は置換若しくは非
置換の芳香族複素環を形成するのに必要な原子群を表わ
す。R_1_1は水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若しく
は非置換のアルキル基、置換若しくは非置換のアルコキ
シ基、水酸基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、置換若しくは非置
換のアミノ基又はNHYを表わす。Yは▲数式、化学式
、表等があります▼又は−SO_2−R″(R′及びR
″はそれぞれ水素原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル
基又は置換若しくは非置換のアリール基を表わす。)を
表わす。) 一般式[C] ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ (式中、X_2_1とY_2_1及びW_2_1とZ_
2_1はそれぞれ、独立に置換若しくは非置換の脂環式
炭化水素環、置換若しくは非置換の脂環式複素環、置換
若しくは非置換の芳香族炭化水素環又は置換若しくは非
置換の芳香族複素環を形成するのに必要な原子群を表わ
す。R_2_1は水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若しく
は非置換のアルキル基、置換若しくは非置換のアルコキ
シ基、水酸基、シアノ基、ニトロ基又はNHYを表わす
。Yは▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼又は −SO_2−R″(R′及びR″はそれぞれ水素原子、
置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基又は置換若しくは非置
換のアリール基を表わす。)を表わす。) そしてAr_1及びAr_2の他方は、下記一般式[D
]、[E]、[F]、[G]、[H]、[I]、[J]
、[K]及び[L]からなる群から選ばれる基である。 一般式[D] ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ (式中、X_3_1及びY_3_1は置換若しくは非置
換の脂環式炭化水素環、置換若しくは非置換の脂環式複
素環、置換若しくは非置換の芳香族炭化水素環又は置換
若しくは非置換の芳香族複素環を形成するのに必要な原
子群を表わす。R_3_1、R_3_2及びR_3_3
はそれぞれ水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若しくは非置
換のアルキル基、置換若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基、
水酸基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、CONHR′又はNHY
を表わす。Yは ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼又は−SO_2−R
″(R′及びR″はそれぞれ水素原子、置換若しくは非
置換のアルキル基又は置換若しくは非置換のアリール基
を表わす。)を表わす。) 一般式[E] ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ (式中、R_4_1、R_4_2、R_4_3及びR_
4_4はそれぞれ、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若し
くは非置換のアルキル基、置換若しくは非置換のアルコ
キシ基、水酸基、CONHR′またはNHYを表わすか
、又はR_4_1とR_4_2及びR_4_3とR_4
_4のうち少なくとも一方が、連結して置換若しくは非
置換の脂環式炭化水素環、置換若しくは非置換の脂環式
複素環、置換若しくは非置換の芳香族炭化水素環又は置
換若しくは非置換の芳香族複素環を形成するのに必要な
原子群を表わし、環の形成に関与しない基は上記R_4
_1、R_4_2、R_4_3又はR_4_4で定義し
たのと同様のものを表わす。Yは、▲数式、化学式、表
等があります▼または −SO_2−R″(R′及びR″は、それぞれ水素原子
、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基、または置換若しく
は非置換のアリール基を表わす。)を表わす。R_4_
5及びR_4_6は、それぞれ、置換若しくは非置換の
アルキル基を表わし、またこれらが3員ないし7員の環
を形成するときはアルキレン基を表わす。) 一般式[F] ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ (式中、R_5_1、R_5_2、R_5_3、R_5
_4及びR_5_5はそれぞれ、水素原子、ハロゲン原
子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基、置換若しくは非
置換のアルコキシ基、水酸基、シアノ基、ニトロ基また
はNHYを表わす。Yは、▲数式、化学式、表等があり
ます▼又は −SO_2−R″(R′及びR″はそれぞれ水素原子、
置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基又は置換若しくは非置
換のアリール基を表わす。)を表わす。) 一般式[G] ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ (式中、R_6_1及びR_6_2はそれぞれ水素原子
、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基又は置換若しくは非
置換のアリール基を表わし、かつR_6_1及びR_6
_2は互いに連結して芳香族環若しくは環状アルキレン
基を形成していてもよく、またR_6_3、R_6_4
、R_6_5、R_6_6及びR_6_7はそれぞれ水
素原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基、置換若しく
は非置換のアルコキシ基又は置換若しくは非置換のアリ
ール基を表わす。) 一般式[H] ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ (式中、R_7_1、R_7_2、R_7_3及びR_
7_4はそれぞれ水素原子、置換若しくは非置換のアル
キル基、置換若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基、SO_3
CH_3又は水酸基を表わし、R_7_5は水素原子、
置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基、水酸基又は置換若し
くは非置換のアミノ基を表わす。) 一般式[I] ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ (式中、R_8_1及びR_8_2はそれぞれ水素原子
、ハロゲン原子、水酸基、置換若しくは非置換のアルキ
ル基又は置換若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基又はNHY
を表わす。Yは一般式[A]で定義したものと同義であ
る。) 一般式[J] ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ (式中、R_9_1及びR_9_2はそれぞれ水素原子
、ハロゲン原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基を表
わし、R_9_3、R_9_4、R_9_5及びR_9
_6はそれぞれ水素原子、ハロゲン原子、水酸基又は置
換若しくは非置換のアルコキシ基を表わす。) 一般式[K] ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ (式中、X_1_1とY_1_1及びW_1_1とZ_
1_1はそれぞれ、独立に置換若しくは非置換の脂環式
炭化水素環、置換若しくは非置換の脂環式複素環、置換
若しくは非置換の芳香族炭化水素環又は置換若しくは非
置換の芳香族複素環を形成するのに必要な原子群を表わ
す。R_1_1は水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若しく
は非置換のアルキル基、置換若しくは非置換のアルコキ
シ基、水酸基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、置換若しくは非置
換のアミノ基又はNHYを表わす。Yは▲数式、化学式
、表等があります▼又は−SO_2−R″(R′及びR
″はそれぞれ水素原子、置換若しくは非置換のアルキル
基又は置換若しくは非置換のアリール基を表わす。)を
表わす。) 一般式[L] ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ (式中、X_2_1とY_2_1及びW_2_1とZ_
2_1はそれぞれ、独立に置換若しくは非置換の脂環式
炭化水素環、置換若しくは非置換の脂環式複素環、置換
若しくは非置換の芳香族炭化水素環又は置換若しくは非
置換の芳香族複素環を形成するのに必要な原子群を表わ
す。R_2_1は水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若しく
は非置換のアルキル基、置換若しくは非置換のアルコキ
シ基、水酸基、シアノ基、ニトロ基又はNHYを表わす
。Yは▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼又は −SO_2−R″(R′及びR″はそれぞれ水素原子、
置換若しくは非置換のアルキル基又は置換若しくは非置
換のアリール基を表わす。)を表わす。)](1) An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising, on a conductive support, a photosensitive layer containing at least one squarium compound represented by the following general formula [I]. General formula [I] ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ [In the formula, one of Ar_1 and Ar_2 is the following general formula [
General formula [A] ▲ Numerical formula, chemical formula, table, etc. ▼ (In the formula, X_1 and Y_1 are substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic carbonized Represents the atomic group necessary to form a hydrogen ring, a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocycle, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocycle. R_1, R_2 and R_3 is a hydrogen atom,
Represents a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, or NHY. Y is ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ or -SO_2-R''(R' and R'' are hydrogen atoms,
It represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. ). ) General formula [B] ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ (In the formula, X_1_1 and Y_1_1 and W_1_1 and Z_
1_1 each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocycle, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocycle; Represents the atomic group necessary to form. R_1_1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, or NHY. Y is ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ or -SO_2-R''(R' and R
'' represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, respectively.) General formula [C] ▲There are numerical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ (In the formula, X_2_1 and Y_2_1 and W_2_1 and Z_
2_1 each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocycle, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocycle; Represents the atomic group necessary to form. R_2_1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, or NHY. Y is ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ or -SO_2-R''(R' and R'' are hydrogen atoms,
It represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. ). ) And the other of Ar_1 and Ar_2 has the following general formula [D
], [E], [F], [G], [H], [I], [J]
, [K] and [L]. General formula [D] ▲ Numerical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ Represents the atomic group necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocycle.R_3_1, R_3_2 and R_3_3
are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group,
Hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, CONHR' or NHY
represents. Y is ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ or -SO_2-R
''(R' and R'' each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group). ) General formula [E] ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ (In the formula, R_4_1, R_4_2, R_4_3 and R_
4_4 each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, CONHR' or NHY, or R_4_1 and R_4_2 and R_4_3 and R_4
At least one of _4 is a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocycle, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring. Represents an atomic group necessary to form a group heterocycle, and groups that do not participate in ring formation are R_4 above.
Represents something similar to that defined in _1, R_4_2, R_4_3, or R_4_4. Y is ▲a numerical formula, a chemical formula, a table, etc.▼ or -SO_2-R''(R' and R'' each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group). ). R_4_
5 and R_4_6 each represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, and when they form a 3- to 7-membered ring, represent an alkylene group. ) General formula [F] ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ (In the formula, R_5_1, R_5_2, R_5_3, R_5
_4 and R_5_5 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, or NHY. Y is ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ or -SO_2-R''(R' and R'' are hydrogen atoms,
It represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. ). ) General formula [G] ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ (In the formula, R_6_1 and R_6_2 each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and
_2 may be connected to each other to form an aromatic ring or a cyclic alkylene group, and R_6_3, R_6_4
, R_6_5, R_6_6 and R_6_7 each represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. ) General formula [H] ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ (In the formula, R_7_1, R_7_2, R_7_3 and R_
7_4 is a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, SO_3
CH_3 or hydroxyl group, R_7_5 is a hydrogen atom,
It represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group. ) General formula [I] ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ (In the formula, R_8_1 and R_8_2 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, or NHY
represents. Y has the same meaning as defined in general formula [A]. ) General formula [J] ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ (In the formula, R_9_1 and R_9_2 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group,
Each of _6 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group. ) General formula [K] ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ (In the formula, X_1_1 and Y_1_1 and W_1_1 and Z_
1_1 each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocycle, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocycle; Represents the atomic group necessary to form. R_1_1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, or NHY. Y is ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ or -SO_2-R''(R' and R
'' represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, respectively.) General formula [L] ▲There are numerical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ (In the formula, X_2_1 and Y_2_1 and W_2_1 and Z_
2_1 each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocycle, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocycle; Represents the atomic group necessary to form. R_2_1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, or NHY. Y is ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ or -SO_2-R''(R' and R'' are hydrogen atoms,
It represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. ). )]
質とを含有し、前記キャリア発生物質の少なくとも1つ
が前記一般式[ I ]で表わされるスクエアリウム化合
物である請求項(1)記載の電子写真感光体。(2) The electrophotography according to claim (1), wherein the photosensitive layer contains a carrier-transporting substance and a carrier-generating substance, and at least one of the carrier-generating substances is a squarium compound represented by the general formula [I]. Photoreceptor.
として前記一般式[ I ]で表わされるスクエアリウム
化合物を含有するキャリア発生層と、キャリア輸送物質
を含有するキャリア輸送層との積層構成からなる請求項
(1)または(2)記載の電子写真感光体。(3) The photosensitive layer has a laminated structure of a carrier generating layer containing a squarium compound represented by the general formula [I] as at least one carrier generating substance, and a carrier transporting layer containing a carrier transporting substance. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim (1) or (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3794290A JPH03240065A (en) | 1990-02-19 | 1990-02-19 | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3794290A JPH03240065A (en) | 1990-02-19 | 1990-02-19 | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03240065A true JPH03240065A (en) | 1991-10-25 |
Family
ID=12511608
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3794290A Pending JPH03240065A (en) | 1990-02-19 | 1990-02-19 | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03240065A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106083695A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 四川大学 | A series of containing asymmetric side's little molecule of acid cyanines and preparation method and application |
-
1990
- 1990-02-19 JP JP3794290A patent/JPH03240065A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106083695A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 四川大学 | A series of containing asymmetric side's little molecule of acid cyanines and preparation method and application |
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