JPH0325093B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a timer, and more particularly to a random delay timer that operates after an undefined period of time has elapsed after the commercial AC power input is turned on.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, timers have been used in a variety of fields to open and close the power circuits of various devices and lighting equipment at a set time or after a set time has elapsed, and are also used for home use, mainly for crime prevention when you are not home. It is used to turn on some or all of the lights indoors and outdoors or inside and outside a building at a desired set time.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, if you set a conventional timer like the one above to a desired time before going out and automatically turn on the lights at that time, it may be difficult to prevent crime if the set time is constant, such as 6 p.m. every day. It is desirable to change the set time every day, as this may have the opposite effect, but resetting the time every day is more troublesome than expected, and there is a problem that it is easy to neglect it.

This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a random delay timer that can turn on the power of lighting equipment, etc. after an undefined period of time within a predetermined range from a set time has elapsed. It is in.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above problems, this invention
a pulse generating means that generates pulses synchronized with AC input; a short-period pulse generating circuit that generates short-period pulses with a short period; a long-period pulse generating circuit that generates long-period pulses with a long period; a counter that counts pulses and long-period pulses and, when the sum reaches a predetermined number, generates an output for operating switching means for a load circuit such as lighting;
Switch circuit means for inputting the short-period pulse to the counter after the AC input is turned on until the first pulse is supplied from the pulse generating means, and inputting the long-period pulse to the counter thereafter. It provides a random delay timer consisting of and.

[Effect]

The operation of the random delay timer of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration will be explained with reference to FIGS. is connected to the commercial AC power supply 2 of
The operation starts after the timer 1 is turned on at the set time. Now, timer 1 is on,
Assuming that an AC input is supplied to the DC power supply 3 that supplies operational DC voltage to each part of the random delay timer T and the pulse generation means 4, the short-period pulse generation circuit 5 outputs, for example, 100V from the moment the DC power supply 3 starts up. The long-period pulse generating circuit 6 begins to generate short-period pulses of kilohertz or more, and long-period pulses of, for example, 2 seconds. These pulses are transmitted to the switch circuit means 7.
However, since the switch circuit means 7 is initially in a state where only the short period pulses from the short period pulse generating circuit 5 are inputted to the counter 8, the counter 8 first inputs only the short period pulses from the short period pulse generating circuit 5 to the counter 8. Count the short period pulses supplied. In addition,
During one cycle of AC input, the phase at which the switch circuit means 7 starts inputting short-period pulses to the counter 8 is indefinite (for example, as shown at t ₁ , t ₂ , t ₃ in FIG. 2).

On the other hand, the pulse generating means 4 generates pulses synchronized with the AC input after the DC power supply 3 starts up.
The switch circuit means 7 outputs short period pulses to the counter 8.
When the pulse from the pulse generating means 4 is supplied to the switch circuit means 7 for the first time in the state where the pulse is being passed through to the counter 8, the switch circuit means 7 switches to a state where the output pulse of the long period pulse generating circuit 6 is inputted to the counter 8. Then, the counter 8 slowly starts counting long-period pulses by adding them to the short-period pulses that have been counted up to that point. When the count number, that is, the sum of the input high-frequency pulse number and the long-period pulse number reaches a predetermined number, such as a full count of the counter 8, the counter 8 uses a switching means 9 to open and close a load circuit such as a lighting device.
An output is provided to close the gate, and lights, etc. are turned on. Of course, it is possible to open the opening/closing means 9 by the output from the counter 8.

However, after the DC power supply 3 starts up, the switch circuit means 7 starts inputting short-period pulses to the counter 8 during one cycle of AC input, and the phase during one cycle of AC input is undefined. Therefore, from this phase, long-period pulses are input to the counter 8. The time required to start, ie, the number of short-period pulses counted by the counter 8, is undefined depending on the time or day, even if the timer 6 is set to turn on at the same time every day. This is because, as shown in Figure 2, it is uncertain at which phase (indicated by t ₁ , t ₂ , t _3, etc.) during one cycle of the commercial AC power supply the timer 1 turns on, and therefore the DC The phase during one cycle when the power supply 3 starts up is also unstable, and the time from this phase until the switch circuit means 7 starts inputting short period pulses to the counter 8 is affected by changes in circuit constants due to ambient conditions such as temperature. This is because it changes over time.

Therefore, the pulse generating means 4 has the phase of the AC input.
At 360° x n (n is an integer) (for example, Fig. 2
(phase indicated by t ₀ ) shall generate pulses for switching the switch circuit means 7 (however, of these pulses, only the first pulse after the DC power supply is turned on is valid; subsequent pulses (If the state of the switch circuit means 7 remains unchanged), the frequency of the short-period pulse is 126 kHz, the period of the long-period pulse is 2 seconds, and the full count of the counter 8 is
2048, assuming that the timer 1 is always set at 6:00 pm, one day after the DC power source 3 is turned on, the switch circuit means 7 generates a short period pulse at phase t ₁ (60°) in FIG. If you start inputting into counter 8, counter 8 will be 126000/60×(360−60)/
The moment the short-period pulse of 360=1750 pulses is counted, a pulse for switching the switch circuit means 7 is supplied from the pulse generating means 4, and from then on, the counter 8 is set to 2.
Long-period pulses are counted at a slow rate of one pulse per second, but the time it takes to reach the full count is (2048-1750) x 2 = 596 (seconds), or about 10 minutes. Therefore, on this day, 6 p.m.
Lights will be turned on at 10:00. Similarly, on the next day, if the switch circuit means 7 starts inputting short-period pulses to the counter 8 at phase t ₃ (300°) in FIG. 2, the count number of short-period pulses will be 126000/
60 x (360 - 300) / 360 = 350, so (2048 - 350) x 2 / 60 = 56.6 (minutes), or about 57
Counter 8 reached its full count in minutes, and lights etc. were turned on at approximately 6:57 p.m.

In this way, even if the timer 1 is set to turn on at the same time every day, according to the random delay timer T of the present invention, the time from then on until the opening/closing means 9 of the load circuit operates is set within a certain range. It can be changed automatically within. Of course, this range can be arbitrarily changed by appropriately selecting the number of bits of the counter 8, the circuit constants of the short period pulse generating circuit 5, the long period pulse generating circuit 6, etc.

〔Example〕

FIG. 3 shows a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the random delay timer of the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows waveforms of its main parts.

In Fig. 3, the DC power supply 3 has a full-wave rectifier circuit and two constant voltage circuits, and operates DC voltage Vcc (15 volts) for each part of the random delay timer and DC voltage RYV (24 volts) for driving the relay. supply The pulse generating means 4 in this embodiment is a capacitor.
C ₁ , a Schmidt circuit SM ₁ that converts the AC input into a square wave through a resistor R ₁ and an inverting amplifier
It consists of a differentiation circuit consisting of SM ₂ , capacitor C ₂ and resistor R ₂ . Note that the diode _D1 has the role of a limiter that suppresses the input voltage of the Schmitt circuit _SM1 to below Vcc. The output of the differentiating circuit is connected to the input of a flip-flop forming switch circuit means 7 via an inverting amplifier _SM3 . resistance
R ₃ , capacitor C ₃ and inverting amplifier SM ₄ form a clear signal generation circuit whose output is the clear input terminal of full count 11-bit binary counter 8.
CLR and is also connected to the input of flip-flop 7 via inverting amplifier _SM5 . AC input and input at the points shown in Figure 3,
FIG. 4 schematically shows the waveform relationship of the R input.

The short-period pulse generation circuit 5 and the long-period pulse generation circuit 6 are each formed of an RC circuit consisting of a resistor R ₄ , a capacitor C ₄ and R ₅ , C ₅ , and a NAND circuit G ₁ , G ₂ including a Schmitt circuit. , generate short-period pulses of 134.2 kHz and long-period pulses of 2.1 seconds, respectively, but these NAND
The gate inputs of circuits G ₁ and G ₂ are connected to the output terminal and Q output terminal of flip-flop 7, respectively, and depending on the logic level state, one of the output pulses is supplied to the clock input terminal CLK of counter 8. and counted. now,
When the AC input is turned on, and after a slight delay, the DC power source is turned on and Vcc is supplied to each part of the circuit, both the short-period pulse generation circuit 5 and the long-period pulse circuit 6 begin to oscillate. However, for several seconds until the capacitor _C3 of the clear signal generation circuit is charged to a predetermined voltage, the output side of the inverting amplifier _SM5 , that is, the input of the flip-flop 7 is "L", the output is "H" level, and the Q output is “L”
As a result, the NAND circuit _G1 outputs a short period pulse, but it is not input to the counter 8 due to the conduction of the diode _D2 . During this time, a pulse synchronized with the AC input is applied to the input terminal of the flip-flop 7, but since the input is kept at "L", the state of the flip-flop does not change.

Next, when the capacitor C ₃ is charged to a predetermined voltage at the time shown as t ₀ in FIG. 4, this instantaneous amplifier SM ₄
A clear signal is supplied to the clear input terminal CLR of the counter 8, and the counter 8 is cleared, and at the same time, the input of the flip-flop 7 becomes "H" level. Even if the input is "H", the state of the flip-flop 7 does not change unless a pulse synchronized with the AC input is input to the input, so the counter 8 starts counting short period pulses of 134.2 kHz from this moment. Then, when a pulse synchronized with the AC input is supplied to the input terminal at the time indicated by τ ₁ in Fig. 4, the state of the flip-flop 7 is switched and the output becomes "L" and the Q output becomes "H". ,
The counter 8 slowly starts counting pulses from the long-period pulse generating circuit 6 at a cycle of 2.1 seconds. Note that when the frequency of the AC input is 60 Hz, a 60 Hz pulse is supplied to the input of the flip-flop 7, so the short period pulses are counted by the counter 8 for an extremely short time of 1/60th at the most. (between τ ₀ and τ ₁ in Figure 1).

In this way, the sum of the counts of short-period pulses and long-period pulses of counter 8 becomes the full count.
2048 (=2″) is reached, and the 12th bit terminal Q1
2 becomes on "H", the transistor _TR1 of the switching means 9 becomes conductive, the relay 9' operates, and the load circuit such as lighting is turned on. Here, the larger the phase difference (from τ ₀ to τ ₁ in FIG. 4) from when the input of the flip-flop 7 becomes “H” to when a pulse is supplied to the input during one cycle of AC input, the higher the counter 8 becomes. It is clear that the faster the full count is reached, and the smaller this phase difference is, the longer it takes to reach the full count. Note that the symbols TP in the figure indicate test points provided in the main parts, and the symbol 10 is a light emitting diode that indicates that AC input is being supplied (it blinks at a cycle of 2.1 seconds while counting long-period pulses). ).

In the above embodiment, the phase at which the input of the flip-flop 7 becomes "H" during one cycle of the AC input (τ ₀ in FIG. 4) differs from time to time as described above, so the AC input is input at the same time every day. Even if it is turned on, the time at which the relay 9' operates is indefinite and changes automatically.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained in detail above, the random delay timer of the present invention can turn on lights, etc. after an unspecified period of time within a predetermined range has elapsed from the set time of the normal timer, and this unspecified period of time automatically turns on every day. This is particularly effective in crime prevention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the random delay timer of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram for explaining its operating principle, Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the random delay timer of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram schematically showing waveforms of important parts thereof. 1...Timer, 2...Commercial AC power supply, 3...
DC power supply, 4... Pulse generating means, 5... Short period pulse generating circuit, 6... Long period pulse generating circuit,
7...Switch circuit means (flip-flop),
8...Counter, 9...Opening/closing means, T...Random delay timer.

Claims (1)

[Claims of Claims] 1. Pulse generating means that generates pulses synchronized with AC input, a short-period pulse generation circuit that generates short-period pulses with short periods, and long-period pulse generators that generate long-period pulses with long periods. a counter that counts the short-period pulses and long-period pulses and generates an output for operating a switching means for a load circuit such as a lighting device when the sum reaches a predetermined number; switch circuit means for inputting the short-period pulse to the counter until the first pulse is supplied from the pulse generating means after being turned on, and inputting the long-period pulse to the counter after that; random delay timer. 2. The pulse generating means is constituted by a Schmitt circuit and a differentiating circuit, and the switch circuit means is constituted by a flip-flop which is switched from a reset state to a set state by the first set pulse from the differentiating circuit, and the reset state of the flip-flop is The short-period pulse generating circuit and the long-period pulse generating circuit are connected to the flip-flop so that the short-period pulse is input to the counter in the set state, and the long-period pulse is input to the counter in the set state. A random delay timer according to claim 1.