JPH0327012Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an emergency braking device for automobiles, etc.

Air brakes in conventional automobiles use the pressure of compressed air created by an air compressor driven by the engine to perform braking, and their basic structure is shown in Figures 1 and 2. It is becoming as shown.

When the brake pedal 1 is depressed, the brake valve 2 is activated, and the compressed air stored in the air tank 3, which is a pressure fluid supply device, is sent to the relay valves 4, 4, and the relay valves 4, 4 are activated. death,
The compressed air in the air tank 3 is sent to the brake chambers 5,5 of each wheel via relay valves 4,4.
The inner diaphragm 22 (FIG. 6) operates to press the brake shoe 7 against the drum 8, thereby braking the wheels. Then, when the brake pedal 1 is released, the compressed air in the relay valves 4, 4 escapes to the atmosphere, the air tank 3 and the brake chambers 5, 5 are cut off, and the brake chambers 5, 5 The brakes release as the compressed air inside escapes into the atmosphere. 6 is the brake cam shaft.

The air brake system is as shown in Figure 3. Compressed air is created by an air compressor 9 attached to the engine's timing gear case, and this is sent to a wet tank 10 to store it in the compressed air. The water contained in the air is removed and sent to the front and rear air tanks 3. air·
The tank 3 is partitioned into a front tank 3a and a rear tank 3b, and compressed air is supplied to the front wheel system and the rear wheel system separately.
The compressed air coming out of the front air tank 3a goes to the brake valve 2 and the front relay valve 4a, and the compressed air coming out of the rear air tank 3b goes to the brake valve 2 and the rear relay valve 4a.
It is constantly sent to valve 4b. 5a is a front brake chamber, and 5b is a rear brake chamber 5. brake valve 2
As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the brake
It is attached to the underside of the pedal 1 and consists of a brake pedal 1, a plunger 11, a primary piston 12, a secondary piston 13 and respective feed valves 14 and 15.
Air pressure corresponding to the degree to which the brake pedal 1 is depressed is simultaneously sent to the front relay valve 4a and the rear relay valve 4b, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 5, the relay valve 4 consists of a diaphragm 16, an exhaust valve 17, a feed valve 18, a valve spring 19, etc., and is operated by the compressed air sent from the brake valve 2. The diaphragm 16 is pushed down and serves to send the compressed air sent from the air tank 3 directly to the front and rear brake chambers 5a, 5b.

As shown in Fig. 6, the brake chamber 5 has a rubber diaphragm 22 sandwiched between a dish-shaped cover 20 and a body 21, and there is a push rod 23 in front of the diaphragm 22, so that the brake does not work. When the brake is applied, the spring 24 presses the cover 20 toward the cover 20, but when the brake is applied, the air pressure of the compressed air flowing in from the air inlet 25 at the rear of the diaphragm 22 pushes it out, and the lever of the slack adjuster (not shown) is pushed out. Press. The slack adjuster transmits the reciprocating motion of the brake chamber 5 to the brake cam shaft 6 as rotational motion.

In this way, the brake pedal 1 in an air brake only opens and closes the brake valve 2 and adjusts the flow rate of compressed air, so it can be operated with a small amount of force and yet can obtain a large braking force. It is mainly used for large trucks, buses, trailers, etc.

However, if an accident occurs and the driver's foot leaves the brake due to the shock or vibration, the brake will not automatically operate and the vehicle will continue to drive.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide an emergency braking system that automatically activates the brakes by the impact applied to the bumper even if the driver loses the ability to operate the vehicle.

In order to achieve the above object, the emergency braking device of the present invention includes a first brake valve having a brake pedal interposed between the pressure fluid supply device and the brake chamber, and a first brake valve coupled with a hydraulic cylinder. two brake valves are installed in parallel with the first brake valve, the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a piston biased toward the second brake valve, and the piston in the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a piston biased toward the second brake valve. One end of a hydraulic pipe is connected to the brake valve side of No. 2, a pressure oil supply device is connected to the hydraulic pipe, and a closing portion is provided at the other end of the hydraulic pipe via a weakened portion that is damaged upon impact. It is characterized by having the closing part facing the bumper.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

26 in Fig. 7 is a hydraulic cylinder, and 26 in Fig. 4 is a hydraulic cylinder.
The piston 35 in the hydraulic cylinder 26 connects with another second brake valve 2' similar to the brake valve 2 of
It is urged by a spring 36 toward the valve 2'. The main structure of the second brake valve 2' is the same as the main structure of the first brake valve 2 shown in FIG. 4, so the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. 28 is a hydraulic pipe, one end of which is connected to the piston 3 in the hydraulic cylinder 26.
5 communicates with the second brake valve 2' side,
The other end is attached to the vehicle near the bumper 30 via the fixing bracket 29. A closing portion 31 is provided at the tip of the other end of the hydraulic pipe 28 via a weak portion consisting of a V-notch 32 that can be damaged by impact with brittle materials such as cast iron or aluminum castings, and the closing portion 31 faces the bumper 30. being forced to 33 is a hydraulic pump serving as a pressure oil supply device connected to the hydraulic pipe 28, and 34 is a pressure gauge.

Normally, the hydraulic pressure is increased by the hydraulic pump 33, and the piston 35 of the hydraulic cylinder 26 is pushed up against the spring 36, so that the piston 35 does not push down the plunger 11 of the second brake valve 2'.

The combination of the hydraulic cylinder 26 and the second brake valve 2' is as shown in FIG.
It is installed in parallel with the first brake valve 2 in the air brake circuit of FIG. That is, the front air tank 3a, rear air tank 3b, front relay valve 4a, and rear relay valve 4b, which are pressurized fluid supply devices, are connected through pipes 37, 38, 39, and 40, respectively.

When an impact is applied to the bumper 30, the V-notch 32 breaks, the oil in the hydraulic pipe 28 is released into the atmosphere, and the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 26 decreases. Due to the drop in oil pressure, the piston 35 of the hydraulic cylinder 26
is pushed down by the force of the spring 36, and the second brake valve 2' connected to the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder 26 pushes down the plunger 11. As a result, the second brake valve 2', relay valves 4a, 4b, and brake chambers 5a, 5b are operated in sequence, similar to when the brake pedal 1 in FIG. 4 is depressed.

That is, the piston 35 of the hydraulic cylinder 26 engages the plunger 11 of the second brake valve 2'.
When pressed, compressed air sent from the front air tank 3a passes through pipes 37 and 39 to the front relay valve 4a, and compressed air sent from the rear air tank 3b passes through pipe 38. ，
40 to the rear relay valve 4b, and by the operation of these front relay valves 4a and rear relay valves 4b, the compressed air in the front air tank 3a and rear air tank 3b is , brake chamber 5 of each wheel
Activate a and 5b to brake the car.

After activation, the brake is released by removing the cylinder part 26 from the second brake valve 2' with the bolt 27.

As described above, the present invention includes a second brake valve coupled with a hydraulic cylinder, and a first brake valve having a brake pedal interposed between the pressure fluid supply device and the brake chamber. The hydraulic piping system of the hydraulic cylinder is installed in parallel with the first brake valve in the circuit of the brake system, and the hydraulic piping system of the hydraulic cylinder is installed in the circuit of the brake system.
The weakened part could easily be vented to the atmosphere by breaking, causing the piston of the hydraulic cylinder to move and actuate the second brake valve.
Even if the driver loses the ability to operate the brakes for some reason during an impact, the brakes can be automatically activated by the force of the impact and perform their braking function.

In addition, the emergency braking device of this invention is different from the conventional air brake system.
It can be easily integrated into the brake piping system.

In the above embodiment, an air tank was used as the pressure fluid supply device, but an oil tank and an oil pump or an air pump may be used instead of the air tank.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a conventional air brake, Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged perspective view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a system diagram of a conventional air brake, and Fig. 4 is:
5 is a sectional view of a conventional brake valve, FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a conventional brake chamber, and FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention. The explanatory diagram, FIG. 8, is a system diagram of an air brake incorporating an embodiment of the present invention. 1... Brake pedal, 2... First brake valve, 2'... Second brake valve, 3
...Air tank (for front...3a, for rear...3b), 4...Relay valve (for front...4a, for rear...4b), 5...Brake...
Chamber (for front...5a, for rear...5
b), 6...brake cam shaft, 7...
Brake shoe, 8...drum, 9...air...
Compressor, 10...Wet tank, 1
1...Plunger, 12...Primary piston, 13...Secondary piston, 14
...Feed valve (primary), 15...
...Feed valve (secondary), 16...
Diaphragm, 17...exhaust valve,
18...Feed valve, 19...Valve spring, 20...Cover, 21...Body, 2
2...Diaphragm, 23...Push rod,
24...Spring, 25...Air inlet, 26...
... Hydraulic cylinder, 27 ... Bolt, 28 ... Hydraulic pipe, 29 ... Fixing bracket, 30 ... Bumper, 31 ... Closing part, 32 ... V notch, 3
3...Hydraulic pump, 34...Pressure gauge, 35...Piston, 36...Spring, 37...Pipe (communicated with the front air tank), 38...Pipe (communicated with the rear air tank), 39... pipe (communicated with the front relay valve), 40... pipe (communicated with the rear relay valve).

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] a first brake pedal having a brake pedal between the pressure fluid supply device and the brake chamber;
A second brake valve coupled with a hydraulic cylinder is installed in parallel with the first brake valve, and the hydraulic cylinder has a piston biased toward the second brake valve. and connecting one end of a hydraulic pipe to the second brake valve side from the piston in the hydraulic cylinder, and connecting a pressure oil supply device to the hydraulic pipe, so that the other end of the hydraulic pipe is not damaged in the event of an impact. An emergency braking device characterized in that a closing portion is provided through a weakened portion, and the closing portion is exposed to a bumper.