JPH0330268B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0330268B2 JPH0330268B2 JP57180426A JP18042682A JPH0330268B2 JP H0330268 B2 JPH0330268 B2 JP H0330268B2 JP 57180426 A JP57180426 A JP 57180426A JP 18042682 A JP18042682 A JP 18042682A JP H0330268 B2 JPH0330268 B2 JP H0330268B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- electrode
- specific gravity
- electrolyte
- acid battery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxolead Chemical compound O=[Pb]=O YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- MINVSWONZWKMDC-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercuriooxysulfonyloxymercury Chemical compound [Hg+].[Hg+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O MINVSWONZWKMDC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000371 mercury(I) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/484—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring electrolyte level, electrolyte density or electrolyte conductivity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は鉛蓄電池の電解液比重測定装置すなわ
ち比重センサーの改良、特に電極電位が電解液比
重（以後、比重という）の変化とともに変化する
のを利用して比重を測定する方法の改良に関する
ものである。鉛電池に無害な電極としては二酸化
鉛電極と鉛電極とがあげられ、これらの開回路電
圧と電解液比重との間には相関関係が認められ、
比重の測定に利用されていることはよく知られて
いる。この方式の欠点は比重変化に対する応答性
が悪いことである。すなわち比重変化に対する一
定の電位を示すのに時間がかゝることである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an improvement of a device for measuring electrolyte specific gravity of a lead-acid battery, that is, a specific gravity sensor, and in particular measures specific gravity by utilizing the fact that the electrode potential changes with changes in electrolyte specific gravity (hereinafter referred to as specific gravity). This relates to improvements in methods for Electrodes that are harmless to lead batteries include lead dioxide electrodes and lead electrodes, and there is a correlation between their open circuit voltage and electrolyte specific gravity.
It is well known that it is used to measure specific gravity. The drawback of this method is poor responsiveness to changes in specific gravity. In other words, it takes time to show a constant potential with respect to changes in specific gravity.
したがつて鉛蓄電池の充・放電中の比重の変化
をこの系を用いて測定することはできない。 Therefore, changes in specific gravity during charging and discharging of lead-acid batteries cannot be measured using this system.
本発明はこのような欠点を除去し応答性のすぐ
れた電極式比重測定装置を提供するものであり、
応答の悪い原因が二酸鉛電極にあるので、それに
代つて鉛電極−鉛電極の方式を用いることにあ
る。二酸化鉛電極は一般にPbO2で表わされてい
るが、実際上はPbO2-Xであり、ｘ＝0.01〜0.3の
ものが混合しており、それぞれによつて電位が異
なり、電位が安定するまでに時間を要する。一方
鉛電極はPbからなつており単一電位であり、直
ちに電位が安定する。 The present invention eliminates these drawbacks and provides an electrode type specific gravity measuring device with excellent responsiveness.
Since the cause of poor response is the lead oxide electrode, a lead electrode-lead electrode method is used instead. Lead dioxide electrodes are generally represented by PbO 2 , but in reality they are PbO 2-X , and are a mixture of those with x = 0.01 to 0.3, each with a different potential and stable potential. It takes time. On the other hand, the lead electrode is made of Pb and has a single potential, so the potential stabilizes immediately.
すなわち、その要旨とするところは、基準極と
して、下部に微小な孔をあけた容器に、希硫酸と
無水珪酸等のゲル化剤との混合によつて生成した
ゲル状電解液および棒状鉛を挿入した構造のもの
を電解液中に浸漬する一方、検出電極として通常
の鉛電極を電解液中に浸漬し、両者間の比重のち
がいによる濃淡電位を測定して比重を知るもので
ある。このような構造にすることによつて基準電
極はゲル状電解液中に浸漬されていて安定した電
位を示し、検出電極も鉛電極であるので応答が速
く、すぐれた比重センサーとしての機能を有して
いる。つぎに図面によつて詳細に説明する。第１
図は本発明の構造を示す要部縦断面図である。１
は電槽、２は負極端子、３は負極板、４は正極端
子、５は正極板、６は電解液、７は鉛極からなる
検出電極、８は希硫酸と無水珪酸（SiO2）との
混合によつて生成したゲル状電解液９および棒状
鉛を下部に細孔１１を有する容器に挿入した構造
からなる基準電極である。１２は検出電極７と基
準電極８との間の電位を測定する装置である。１
３は充電器で鉛蓄電池の正極と検出電極である鉛
電極とに接合されている。このような構造におい
ては電池の電解液と基準電極の電解液とがまじり
あつて後者の電解液の比重が変化することが問題
であるが、上述のように無水珪酸でゲル化させて
液の拡散が生じないようにしていることおよびイ
オンが移動する容器１０の下部の孔を非常に小さ
くすることによつて解決している。基準電極容器
下部の細孔を、基準電極と検出電極との間の電気
抵抗が10Ω以上になるように小さくすることによ
つて、電解液が容器内に浸透することを大巾に抑
制し、長期にわたつて基準電極を安定して作動さ
せることができる。すなわち比重が1.300に相当
する濃度の希硫酸を無水珪酸でゲル化させたもの
を容器に注入し、その中に鉛電極を挿入した基準
電極の電気抵抗が100Ω10Ω、１Ω、0.1Ωになる
ように容器下部の細孔径を変えたものを作製し、
比重1.200の電解液に浸漬し、それぞれの電位の
時間による変化を比重1.200の希硫酸を用いた硫
酸第一水銀電極で測定した。 In other words, the gist is that a gel electrolyte produced by mixing dilute sulfuric acid and a gelling agent such as anhydrous silicic acid and a lead rod are placed in a container with a minute hole in the bottom as a reference electrode. While the inserted structure is immersed in an electrolytic solution, a normal lead electrode as a detection electrode is immersed in the electrolytic solution, and the density potential due to the difference in specific gravity between the two is measured to determine the specific gravity. With this structure, the reference electrode is immersed in the gel electrolyte and exhibits a stable potential, and since the detection electrode is also a lead electrode, it responds quickly and functions as an excellent specific gravity sensor. are doing. Next, it will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings. 1st
The figure is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a main part showing the structure of the present invention. 1
is a battery container, 2 is a negative electrode terminal, 3 is a negative electrode plate, 4 is a positive electrode terminal, 5 is a positive electrode plate, 6 is an electrolyte, 7 is a detection electrode consisting of a lead electrode, 8 is a detection electrode consisting of dilute sulfuric acid and anhydrous silicic acid (SiO 2 ) The reference electrode has a structure in which a gel electrolyte 9 produced by mixing the above and a rod-shaped lead are inserted into a container having pores 11 at the bottom. 12 is a device for measuring the potential between the detection electrode 7 and the reference electrode 8; 1
3 is a charger connected to the positive electrode of the lead-acid battery and a lead electrode serving as a detection electrode. In such a structure, the problem is that the battery electrolyte and the reference electrode electrolyte mix and the specific gravity of the latter electrolyte changes, but as mentioned above, the electrolyte is gelled with silicic anhydride and the liquid is The solution is to ensure that no diffusion occurs and to make the holes in the lower part of the container 10 through which the ions move very small. By making the pores at the bottom of the reference electrode container so small that the electrical resistance between the reference electrode and the detection electrode is 10Ω or more, the penetration of the electrolyte into the container is greatly suppressed. The reference electrode can be stably operated over a long period of time. In other words, dilute sulfuric acid with a concentration corresponding to a specific gravity of 1.300 is gelled with silicic acid anhydride and poured into a container, and a lead electrode is inserted into the container so that the electrical resistance of the reference electrode becomes 100Ω, 10Ω, 1Ω, and 0.1Ω. We created containers with different pore diameters at the bottom,
It was immersed in an electrolytic solution with a specific gravity of 1.200, and the change in each potential over time was measured using a mercurous sulfate electrode using dilute sulfuric acid with a specific gravity of 1.200.
その結果を第２図に示す。この図から明らかな
ように0.1Ωでは約２ケ月で、また１Ωでは約６
ケ月で電位が−970ｍＶになつた。すなわち電解
液が細孔を通つて拡散してゲルの電解液が希釈さ
れ比重が1.200になつたことを示すのに対して、
10Ωと100Ωのものは、１ケ年経過しても初期の
−1000ｍＶを維持している。すなわち電解液と容
器内のゲルとがまじあつていないことを示してい
る。 The results are shown in FIG. As is clear from this figure, it takes about 2 months for 0.1Ω, and about 6 months for 1Ω.
The potential became -970mV in the middle of the month. In other words, the electrolyte diffused through the pores, diluting the electrolyte in the gel and making the specific gravity 1.200.
The 10Ω and 100Ω ones maintain the initial -1000mV even after a year has passed. In other words, this indicates that the electrolytic solution and the gel in the container do not mix.
検出電極である鉛電極７は鉛蓄電池の電解液に
浸漬されているので、蓄電池の格子に鉛−アンチ
モン格子が用いられていた場合に使用中に格子か
ら放出されたアンチモンが検出電極に付着した
り、電極表面が不働態化したりして正しい電位を
示さなくなることがあるので、電極表面を清澄に
するために蓄電池の正極を相手極として充電器１
３によつて検出電極である鉛電極７を定期的に充
電するとよい。 Since the lead electrode 7, which is the detection electrode, is immersed in the electrolyte of the lead-acid battery, if a lead-antimony grid is used as the grid of the storage battery, antimony released from the grid during use will adhere to the detection electrode. In some cases, the electrode surface becomes passivated and does not show the correct potential, so in order to make the electrode surface clear, use the charger 1 with the positive electrode of the storage battery as the other electrode.
It is preferable to periodically charge the lead electrode 7, which is the detection electrode, by using the battery charger 3.
以上のように本発明は下部に細孔を設けた容器
に無水珪酸（SiO2）等のゲル化剤と希硫酸とを
混合して生成させたゲル状電解液および棒状鉛を
その中に挿入した基準電極と検出電極としての鉛
電極とを鉛蓄電池の電解液に浸漬して両者間の電
位差から電解液比重をもとめるもので、その簡便
さおよび応答性がすぐれている点から工業的価値
大である。 As described above, the present invention involves inserting a gel electrolyte produced by mixing a gelling agent such as anhydrous silicic acid (SiO 2 ) and dilute sulfuric acid into a container with pores at the bottom, and a lead rod. The method involves immersing a reference electrode (a reference electrode) and a lead electrode (as a detection electrode) in the electrolyte of a lead-acid battery, and determining the specific gravity of the electrolyte from the potential difference between the two.It has great industrial value due to its simplicity and excellent responsiveness. It is.
第１図は本発明の構造を示す要部縦断面図、第
２図は本発明装置における作動期間と基準電極電
位の関係を示す特性図である。
７……検出電極、８……基準電極、９……ゲル
化させた電解液、１０……容器、１１……容器の
細孔。
FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a main part showing the structure of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the operating period and the reference electrode potential in the device of the present invention. 7... Detection electrode, 8... Reference electrode, 9... Gelled electrolyte, 10... Container, 11... Pore of container.
Claims (1)
酸濃度によつて変化するのを利用して測定する装
置において、下部に細孔を設けた容器に無水珪酸
（SiO2）等のゲル化剤と希硫酸とを混合して生成
させた一定濃度のゲル状電解液および鉛棒を挿入
した構造の基準電極と、検出電極として用いられ
る棒状鉛電極とを電解液比重の測定を必要とする
鉛蓄電池の電解液中に浸漬して、両者の電位差か
ら電解液比重を求めることを特徴とする鉛蓄電池
用比重測定装置。 ２ 基準電極を硫酸に浸漬した時の電気抵抗が基
準電極容器の細孔の大きさを選定することによつ
て10Ω以上にしたことを特徴とする特許請求の範
囲第１項記載の鉛蓄電池用比重測定装置。 ３ 検出電極を蓄電池の正極を相手極として充電
器によつて充電することを特徴とする特許請求の
範囲第１項記載の鉛蓄電池用比重測定装置。[Claims] 1. In an apparatus for measuring the specific gravity of an electrolyte in a lead-acid battery by utilizing the fact that the potential of a lead electrode changes depending on the sulfuric acid concentration, silicic anhydride (SiO 2 ) A reference electrode with a structure in which a gel electrolyte with a certain concentration and a lead rod is inserted, which is generated by mixing a gelling agent such as 2) with dilute sulfuric acid, and a rod-shaped lead electrode used as a detection electrode are used to measure the specific gravity of the electrolyte. 1. A specific gravity measuring device for a lead-acid battery, which is characterized by being immersed in an electrolytic solution of a lead-acid battery that requires measurement, and determining the specific gravity of the electrolytic solution from the potential difference between the two. 2. A lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the electrical resistance when the reference electrode is immersed in sulfuric acid is set to 10Ω or more by selecting the size of the pores of the reference electrode container. Specific gravity measuring device. 3. The specific gravity measuring device for a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the detection electrode is charged with a charger using the positive electrode of the storage battery as the other electrode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57180426A JPS5971271A (en) | 1982-10-13 | 1982-10-13 | Specific gravity measuring apparatus for lead storage battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57180426A JPS5971271A (en) | 1982-10-13 | 1982-10-13 | Specific gravity measuring apparatus for lead storage battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5971271A JPS5971271A (en) | 1984-04-21 |
| JPH0330268B2 true JPH0330268B2 (en) | 1991-04-26 |
Family
ID=16083043
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57180426A Granted JPS5971271A (en) | 1982-10-13 | 1982-10-13 | Specific gravity measuring apparatus for lead storage battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5971271A (en) |
-
1982
- 1982-10-13 JP JP57180426A patent/JPS5971271A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5971271A (en) | 1984-04-21 |
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