JPH0333837Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to the invention of concrete construction equipment,
Concrete using hydraulic material powder such as cement, resin concrete, etc. can be cast smoothly without formwork, and less dust is generated when the material is supplied under dry conditions than hard under wet conditions. It achieves favorable transportability even with materials under wet conditions, and in any case, smooth casting can be achieved with a relatively low driving force, resulting in cast concrete with excellent strength. The purpose of this project is to provide a new concrete construction equipment that can be used in a variety of ways.

Concrete spraying can be carried out without installing formwork, and surface finishing and other works can be started immediately after the concrete has hardened without requiring explanation of the formwork, simplifying the work and significantly shortening the construction period. It has the advantage of being shortened, and is becoming increasingly common today. However, there are two methods for spraying concrete: the wet method, in which concrete is mixed with water to a water-cement ratio suitable for spraying, and then pumped as a fluid using a concrete pump; There is a dry method in which air is used as a gaseous fluid to be pumped and sprayed while adding kneading water at the spray nozzle, and a semi-wet method which is an intermediate method between these methods.Although each of these methods has its own merits, Also, each has disadvantages and drawbacks. In other words, the wet method is a method in which a raw mixture of all constituent materials of shotcrete is conveyed through a conduit such as a pipe or hose, and sprayed by spraying from a nozzle.
The strength of the shotcrete obtained is also higher than that of the dry method, but the friction or adhesion resistance in the pressure-feeding pipeline is large, and a pumping force of around 50 kg/ ^cm2 is required, resulting in the need for pressure-feeding pipes. It is necessary that the pipes and mechanisms have sufficient pressure resistance, so they must necessarily be large and strong, and the size and shape of the coarse aggregate must be restricted, and the pipes and pumping Even if the above-mentioned special consideration is given to the mechanism, the conveyance distance is limited, at most about 50 to 60 meters, and it has the drawback that it is difficult to respond quickly enough to the actual situation at various construction sites that have become huge in recent years. be. In addition, in terms of strength, which is the advantage mentioned above, if the water-cement ratio is followed to obtain the optimum strength, the viscosity etc. will be at its highest, so it is recommended to increase the water-cement ratio to ensure pressure-feeding sprayability. In practice, this is necessary, and it is difficult to ideally obtain the desired strength, making it difficult to demonstrate the desired benefits, and the amount of peeling from the sprayed surface is considerable, and furthermore, the sprayed layer may be damaged by dripping or other There are disadvantages such as there is a limit to the thickness. On the other hand, the dry method uses a pneumatic conveyance system, so there is less frictional resistance in the pipes, etc., and a pressure of about 5 to 6 kg/ ^cm2 is sufficient, making it a relatively simple and compact mechanism and preferable transport method. Since the distance can be freely determined, for example, in a mine dug deep underground, it can be pumped from a position sufficiently far away from the target construction location.In this sense, it can be used freely depending on the site, but Since the method involves force-feeding and spraying cement powder, etc. under certain conditions, a large amount of dust is generated, and in cases such as in underground mines, the desired construction status cannot be confirmed unless work is interrupted every short period of time. This can seriously harm the working environment, and since the cement etc. does not come into sufficient contact with water, the strength of the spraying method is only about half that of the wet method, which is a decisive disadvantage. There are also major drawbacks in terms of quantity.
However, in the semi-wet construction method, which is considered to be an intermediate construction method between these methods, the water injection position in the dry construction method is shifted from the nozzle part and water is added in the middle of a conduit such as a pipe or hose. Since a portion with large frictional resistance is formed at the end of the pumping system, the distance from the nozzle to
The limit is about 6 m, and if the water addition position is increased beyond this, paste etc. will adhere to the inner surface of the pipe or hose and block the pipeline, so take full advantage of the advantage of increasing the pumping distance in the case of the dry method. Even if such a method is attempted, a large resistance part is formed at the end of the pipe where the pressure has decreased, so it requires a high-performance pressure feeding or pipe mechanism that is unexpected in the dry method, and moreover, it is difficult to use the same pressure as in the wet method. It is not possible to obtain sufficient mixing of cement, etc. and water. In any of the above cases, in order to improve the adhesion of the raw kneaded material and reduce the amount of rebound and flaking, quick setting and instant setting agents such as sodium silicate, calcium chloride, sodium aluminate, and sodium carbonate are used. It has the disadvantage of requiring large quantities.

Furthermore, in any of the above methods, high-pressure air is used to spray onto the construction surface, and during the process of spraying onto the construction surface, some of the fine particles in the spray material are scattered. In particular, the scattering of particle components that are not sufficiently wetted is significant, and even if the process reaches the construction surface, the large wind pressure directly hits the construction surface, and even if it is once blown, the material may be affected by this wind force. After being exposed to the air, it is again scattered from the ground surface or the sprayed surface. Therefore, the working atmosphere becomes extremely polluted and the visibility is completely obstructed within a few minutes, and this is particularly noticeable when constructing tunnels with relatively small cross sections or indoor construction. Even if the spray gas is dispersed, it is still a point spray, and the construction method involves moving the spray sequentially, so even if the work is done by a highly skilled nozzleman, it will not be possible to spray uniformly and flatly. It is not easy to spray the surface with a uniform surface, and the efficiency of construction is also poor. Regarding the equipment for pumping the sprayed material, extremely high pumping power is required to pump over a long distance of at least several tens of meters, but generally more than 100 meters, and dry air pumping, which generates a high amount of dust, is not suitable. As mentioned above, even in some cases, a certain amount of pressure is required, and the pressure-feeding mechanism and the pressure-feeding pipeline must have corresponding pressure resistance and high pressure, so the equipment as a whole is large, strong, and expensive. I have no choice but to do so. In addition, the quick-setting agent that is essential for such spraying is added at the nozzle, but the quick-setting agent does not mix sufficiently with the concrete material, making it difficult to expect its quick-setting effect to be uniform. It is not suitable for continuous work because it is difficult to check the spraying condition because the scattered quick setting agent causes a large scattering loss when spraying, and the scattering quick setting agent creates an extremely irritating working atmosphere. . In addition, regarding adhesion shear stress in the sprayed layer, there is generally a tendency for the air content in the sprayed layer to be high in the dry method, and the moisture content in the sprayed layer to be high in the wet method. Also, it is difficult to obtain a desirable stable attachment shear stress.

The present invention was devised after repeated studies in view of the above-mentioned actual situation, and includes a first mechanical material transfer means using a rotating screw mechanism and a shaft portion of the rotating screw mechanism that is hollow and a shaft that is inserted into the hollow shaft. second and third pressure material transfer means by means of pipes inserted therethrough, the first, second and third material transfer means being perpendicular to the direction of transfer by their respective transfer means; It is proposed that the rotary projection mechanism is opened toward the center thereof, and that the rotary projection mechanism is provided with wings for projection on the circumferential side thereof.

One of the specific configurations of the present invention is as shown in FIG. The central tube 13 is installed horizontally in a direction along the central axis, and the tip of the central tube 13 is directed toward the center of a rotary plate 18 having rotary blades 16 for projection, and a suitable space is provided between the rotary plate 18 and the rotary plate 18. The rotary plate 1 is opened at a distance of
8 is provided with a stirring mechanism section 38 facing the open end of the central tube 13. Another material supply tube 12 is provided concentrically with the center tube 13, and the supply tube 12 and the center tube 1
A transfer screw 19 as a mechanical material supply means is connected between the hopper 11 and the rotary plate 1.
The supply tube 12 is provided with a driving wheel 12a attached thereto, and a chain or the like is hung thereon so that it can be rotated as appropriate.The screw tube 19a is fixed to a cart 101, Inside, the transfer screw 19 is rotated by a pulley 13a attached to the center tube 13 from a joint 13b at the left side in the figure, thereby making it suitable as a mechanical first material transfer means for transferring the material stored in the hopper 11. and can be supplied to the rotary plate 18, and the amount supplied is approximately proportional to the rotational speed of the screw 19. The rotating plate 18 is attached to the tip of the rotating tube 14 provided further outside the supply tube 12, and the rotating plate 18 is rotated at a speed proportional to the driving speed by the pulley 14a attached to the base end of the rotating tube 14. Materials are supplied onto the top, stirred by a stirring mechanism 38, and then supplied and dispersed onto the rotary plate 18. The tip of the supply cylinder 12 on the rotary plate 18 side covers the stirring blades 37 and 38 and is close to the surface of the rotary plate 18, but a notch 12b is formed in a part thereof, and the notch 12b The spraying direction is appropriately restricted by rotating and adjusting the supply cylinder 12 using the driving wheel 12a. The central tube 1 mentioned above
3, pipes 13c and 13d as a pressure second material transfer means are inserted, the proximal end of the pipe 13c is connected to the pipe 113, and the distal end 13 is connected to the pipe 113.
c' opens at the center of the rotating plate 18, and the conduit 13
d has its proximal end connected to the conduit 113a, and its distal end 1
3d' is the tip 13 relative to the center of the rotating plate 18.
It opens even closer than c'. Said pipe line 13
c and 13d are provided so that they can be inserted into and removed from the central tube 13 as appropriate, that is, they can be removed while being connected to the conduits 113 and 113a.

In addition, in the one shown in FIG. 1, the construction mechanism 1 as described above is provided on the trolley 101, but
In some cases, this configuration is provided to the operating console via a rotating mechanism, and the operating console is supported by a support arm and an operating cylinder, and can be moved up and down and rotated by the expansion and contraction of the operating cylinder. It can be implemented as a robot system that can rotate left and right by operating a mechanism and carry out projection casting work in a desired position and direction.

The equipment shown in Figure 1 above includes equipment that should be carried into the tunnel or the pouring site, and equipment that should be installed outside the tunnel or outside the pouring site, depending on the diameter of the tunnel where concrete is to be poured and the conditions at the construction site. The combination relationship with devices can be changed as appropriate. That is, construction mechanism 1
A quick-setting agent such as a powder (this quick-setting agent is used in a relatively small amount and the mechanism can be small), a mechanism for adding water, etc. is set at the pouring site such as an underground mine, and other The mechanism for supplying concrete mixed materials is set up and operated outside the mine; that is, the concrete materials are sequentially transported by concrete mixer trucks, etc., are supplied to the hopper 11 through a pipe line from a pump truck, and then added from the underground setting mechanism. The agent is fed into the conduit 13c by a pump using air pressure in the case of powder, or liquid pressure in the case of water or other liquid, allowing smooth concrete placement.

The material is fed to the construction mechanism 1 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 separately, and the concrete material cut out from the material cutting mechanism 44 is transferred to the hopper 11 of the construction device 1 via the conveyor 44a. The main agent tank 45 and the auxiliary agent tank 46
Pressure fluid is sent to the construction equipment 1 through the flowmeter 47 and pump 48, respectively, through the conduits 113 and 113a, and as an example, in the case of resin concrete, the base material tank 45 contains the base material of the resin concrete. is accommodated, and the auxiliary agent tank 46
A hardening agent is housed in each of the holes and pumped therein, and added to and mixed with silica sand, silica stone, etc. from the cutting mechanism 44, and the projecting process is carried out. In the case of general concrete, the main agent tank 45 contains cement paste, mortar, or water with a high W/C, and the auxiliary agent tank contains quick setting agents (liquid or powder) and thickeners (dust preventive agents). etc. are accommodated and pumped, added to and mixed with at least one or more of concrete materials such as gravel, sand, and cement from the cutting mechanism 44, and projected construction is performed.

In addition, this figure 2 shows the 3rd stage during underground construction.
As shown in the figure, the cutting mechanism 44, each tank 45,
46 is introduced into the pit A together with the construction equipment 1, and the material from the mixer 30 provided outside the pit can be once fed into the cutting mechanism 44 and operated in the same manner as described above. The mixer 30 has a constant supply feeder 31~
34 is placed in front of it, and supplies cement, powdered quick-setting agent, fine aggregate such as sand, and coarse aggregate such as gravel and crushed stone, respectively, and supplies water to the main tank 45 and water or liquid to the auxiliary tank 46. If a quick-setting agent or the like is added and mixed, the hopper 11 and the screw mechanism 19 are used.
Materials are transferred mechanically under dry conditions until
By adding water to this, the desired projection construction can be achieved.

According to the present invention as described above, the first mechanical material transfer means using the rotary screw mechanism can receive and properly transfer any material, whether wet or dry, and the central axis of the rotary screw mechanism can be By doing so, the strength necessary for effective screw transfer can be obtained using a relatively lightweight hollow member, and the second and third pressure materials can be connected to each other by pipes within such a hollow shaft. By inserting the transfer means, it is possible to add quick-setting agents, thickeners, other additives, secondary water, resin concrete main ingredients, hardening agents, etc. necessary for this type of construction, classifying them as appropriate. Therefore, preferable construction can be achieved by any means such as wet or dry construction methods or resin concrete, and the pumping mechanism thereof also needs to be small and of low output, and the material for the first mechanical pumping means can be Coupled with the fact that the supply can be carried out by a conveyor or other simple mechanism that does not require particularly high pressure, it is possible to achieve precise timing of addition and mixing with relatively little output or driving force, and to perform smooth operations. Of course, since high-pressure air is not required for projection construction, there is little material scattering, and the work can be done in a favorable work atmosphere, making it a highly effective idea in practice.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show embodiments of the invention,
Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing an example of the construction device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an example of its construction state, and Fig. 3 is an example of its construction state inside a tunnel. It is an explanatory diagram. However, in these drawings, 1 is construction equipment,
11 is a hopper, 12 is a supply cylinder, 13 is a center pipe,
13c is a pipe line 1 serving as a second pressure material transfer means;
3d is a pipe line 14 which is a third pressure material transfer means;
15 is a rotating cylinder, 15 is a bearing part, 16 is a wing piece for projection, 18 is a rotating plate serving as a rotating projection mechanism, and 19 is a first
Rotating screw mechanism as a mechanical material transfer mechanism, 3
7 and 38 indicate stirring blades, respectively.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A first mechanical material transfer means by a rotary screw mechanism, a hollow shaft of the rotary screw mechanism, and second and third mechanical material transfer means by a conduit inserted into the hollow shaft.
each of the first, second, and third material transfer means are directed toward the center of a rotary projection mechanism provided in a state perpendicular to the transfer direction by the respective transfer means. What is claimed is: 1. A concrete construction device, characterized in that the rotary projection mechanism has blades for projection disposed on a circumferential side thereof.