JPH0336084B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a suction device capable of effectively suctioning surface liquid, particularly oil-containing water at the surface layer, such as high concentration, high viscosity oil-containing water, or solidified or semi-solidified oil-containing water.

Conventionally, oil-impregnated water containing highly concentrated, highly viscous oils containing organic SS (suspended solids) and proteins, or solidified or semi-solidified oils, has been used in school, company cafeterias, hotels, etc. Grease traps occur in large quantities and concentratedly in the drainage canals of restaurant factories, etc., and in drainage canals of slaughterhouses, seafood processing plants, poultry processing plants, etc., and large quantities are also deposited into the sea due to tanker accidents, oil tank accidents, etc. There is heavy oil etc. that leaks.

When separating oil from such oil-containing water,
In general, methods such as first sending a large amount of oil-containing water to a flotation tank and flotation-separating the oil, or separating the oil that has become somewhat concentrated through flotation using an oil-water separator such as a centrifuge are used. It is being

However, treating a large amount of oil-containing water usually requires large-scale treatment equipment, and the cost of treatment is also enormous, so the oil-containing water to be treated is collected at the highest possible oil concentration. It is desirable that the liquid be removed. Therefore, when separating oil from the oil-containing water in the various drainage traps mentioned above or from heavy oil spilled into the sea, high concentration, high viscosity oil, solidified or semi-solidified oil on the liquid surface layer is preferentially sucked out. If this becomes possible, the flotation tank or oil/water separator described above can be downsized.

In addition, if the high-concentration oil content in the surface layer is separated from oil-containing water, the oil-containing water below the surface layer will have an oil concentration of 100 ppm.
In some cases, the oil-containing water has a relatively dilute oil content, and it is possible to easily separate the residual oil from such oil-containing water with a low oil concentration using a biological treatment device, a coarsening treatment device, etc.

Conventionally, various devices have been developed for suctioning surface liquid from this point of view, but many of them are not suitable for suctioning oil containing high viscosity organic oil, solidified or semi-solidified oil, or Many of them preferentially suck the low-concentration oil in the lower layer rather than the surface oil. The reason why highly viscous or highly concentrated oils in the surface layer are difficult to absorb is thought to be that as the thickness of these oil layers increases, the viscosity of the oil layer also increases and fluidity decreases. Furthermore, in the case of solidified or semi-solidified oils, their fluidity may be completely lost.

Therefore, in general, the oil content on the surface layer is sucked in conjunction with the suction of oil-containing water in the lower layer.
In this case, a large-capacity flotation tank is required, which increases processing costs, as described above. or,
There is also a large powered suction type suction device, but since the surface oil-containing water is disturbed by a pump and fine oil is generated,
It has the disadvantage of significantly increasing the time required for the separation.

Next, as a specific example of a surface water intake device,
Devices such as those disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 5839 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-163183 are known.

The device disclosed in the former is such that a water intake board is attached to the bottom of the float with a gap, and a water intake pipe is installed vertically on this water intake board, so that the float moves up and down in response to changes in the water level. The idea is to take water at a fixed depth. However, this device has the disadvantage that the water intake board is located at the bottom of the float, so water can only be taken in at a certain depth below the surface layer, but not in the surface layer.Furthermore, the water intake board is integrated with the float. Since it oscillates, if the liquid level is fluctuating, it may be difficult to take in water at a constant depth. The latter device was previously invented by the applicant in order to automatically suck the surface layer of the liquid, and consists of an outer box with an open port at the top and a discharge port at the bottom, which is fixed below the liquid surface. A weir plate with serrated notches at its upper end is installed inside this outer box so that it can slide freely against the inner wall of the outer box, and a float is attached to this weir plate so that the upper end of the weir plate is free from liquid. It is a device configured to float and sink from a surface. Compared to conventional water intake devices, this device is able to take in only surface liquid, but on the other hand, the float fixed inside the weir plate is cylindrical and is placed in the center of the weir plate. However, if there is a large fluctuation in the liquid level, it may easily sway due to the influence of the fluctuation, and the weir plate may not be able to slide up and down against the outer box smoothly, making stable surface water intake difficult.
Further, such a float structure is not suitable for large-scale use because it is difficult to secure a sufficient float volume. Furthermore, high viscosity oil or
There is a disadvantage that the SS is easily clogged and the vertical sliding of the weir plate is obstructed, and the serrated notches provided at the upper end of the weir plate have the opposite effect when suctioning highly viscous oil that foams. Disadvantages have also been pointed out, such as foam getting stuck in the chipped tooth and making suction impossible.

The present invention has been made by focusing on the problems of such conventional water intake devices, and it is possible to extract these from oil-impregnated water in which highly concentrated and highly viscous oil is suspended, or oil-impregnated water in which solidified or semi-solid oil is suspended. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device capable of preferentially and always stably sucking only surface liquid containing floating oil.

The present invention will be explained below based on drawings showing embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of the surface liquid suction device of the present invention, in which a shows a state in which surface liquid is being sucked, and b shows a state in which it is not being sucked.

In the figure, the suction device A of the present invention is shown at a liquid level (W.
L) It is mainly composed of an outer cylinder 1 which is fixed at the bottom and has an open opening at the top and a discharge port 2 at the lower end, and an inner cylinder 3 which is slidable up and down with respect to the outer cylinder 1.
The suction device of the present invention has a particular feature in the inner cylinder 3 portion. That is, the inner cylinder 3 of the suction device A of the present invention
consists of a suction funnel 4 with an open opening at the top and a taper 4' formed on the side surface, a water passage 5 connected to the lower end, and a float 6 ringed around the outer periphery of the water passage 5. A taper 6' is formed from near the upper edge of the suction funnel 4 toward the upper edge of the water passage 5 in correspondence with the side taper of the suction funnel 4, and a taper 6' is formed on the lower surface of the float 6 from the outer periphery of the inner cylinder 3 to the center passage. A reverse funnel-shaped taper 6'' is formed toward the lower edge of the water channel.Furthermore, at the lower part of the inner wall of the float 6 facing the water passage 5, a weight 7 for adjusting the buoyancy of the float 6 can be attached or removed as necessary. It is attached freely.

Therefore, as mentioned above, the outer circumference of the inner cylinder 3, which has the suction funnel 4 at the top, the water passage 5 at the center, the float 6 at the bottom of the suction funnel 4, and the outer circumference of the water passage 5, is uniformly vertical. It is formed into a surface and slides freely up and down along the inner circumferential surface of the outer cylinder 1. In this case, the upper open end edge 8 of the outer cylinder 1 is bent inward so that the gap with the inner cylinder 3 is maintained at approximately 0.2 to 1.0 mm, and functions as a sliding guide for the inner cylinder 3 with respect to the outer cylinder 1. Edge 8 of outer cylinder 1
A certain amount of clearance is provided between the inner circumferential surface other than the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder 3, so that sliding resistance is reduced when the inner cylinder 3 moves up and down within the outer cylinder 1. There is.

Further, the cylinder wall 9 extending from the outer cylinder 1 to the discharge port 2 connected to the lower end thereof is also formed with an inverted cone-shaped taper. Thus, the space below the inner cylinder 3 and surrounded by the outer cylinder 1 and the cylinder wall 9 is formed into a liquid storage chamber 10, and
The cross-sectional area of the discharge port 2 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the water passage 5 of the inner cylinder 3.

Next, the operation of the suction device of the present invention will be explained. First, the suction liquid stored in the liquid storage chamber 10 decreases, the buoyancy of the float 6 decreases, and the inner cylinder 3
When descending below the liquid level (WL) as shown in Figure a, the surface liquid is rapidly suctioned from the upper edge of the suction funnel 4 in the direction of the arrow in the figure. The suctioned surface liquid is pumped from the outlet 2 through the water passage 5 and the liquid storage chamber 10 to the oil-water flotation separation tank (not shown).
Since the amount of liquid flowing into the liquid storage chamber 10 through the liquid storage chamber 10 is larger than the amount of liquid discharged through the outlet 2,
The amount of liquid stored in the tank 0 gradually increases, and due to the buoyancy of the float 6, the upper end of the inner cylinder 3 eventually reaches the liquid level (W.
L) and reaches the state shown in FIG. 1b, and the suction of the surface liquid from the suction funnel 4 is interrupted. In this state, the amount of liquid stored in the liquid storage chamber 10 reaches the maximum, but as the discharge from the discharge port 2 continues, the amount of stored liquid in the liquid storage chamber decreases, and eventually as the float 6 sinks, the inner cylinder 3 descends below the liquid surface and starts suctioning the surface liquid from the suction funnel 4 again.

The suction of the surface liquid is carried out by repeating the above operations, and the suction device of the present invention provides the following various advantages and effects.

That is, first, the float 6 is inserted into the water passage 5 at the center of the inner cylinder.
Since the outer periphery of the inner cylinder 3, which is arranged around the outer periphery of the float 6 and slides within the outer periphery 1, is formed almost entirely of the float 6, the float 6 itself does not swing even when the liquid level swings. Therefore, the suction funnel 4 integrally formed on the upper surface of the float 6 does not swing, and only the surface liquid is preferentially and stably suctioned at all times. Further, since the upper edge of the suction funnel 4 is formed flat without any serrations, even oil with high concentration, high viscosity, and bubbles can be suctioned without getting caught.

Next, since the inner cylinder sliding guide 8 bent inward is provided on the upper end edge of the outer cylinder 1, the inner cylinder 3 is connected to the outer cylinder 1.
The sliding resistance is limited to the guide 8 and does not extend to the entire contact surface between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder as in the conventional suction device described in JP-A-55-163183. The sliding resistance of the inner cylinder 3 relative to the outer cylinder 1 is significantly reduced, and the movement of the inner cylinder 3 to sink and rise relative to the liquid level is performed extremely smoothly and sensitively. Furthermore, the risk of clogging of high viscosity oil or SS in the narrow gap between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, resulting in inoperability, is almost eliminated. Furthermore, by forming a taper 6'' on the lower surface of the annular float 6, the volume of the float 6 is ensured.
By ensuring the minimum amount of accumulated liquid necessary for the vertical operation of the SS, and by forming a taper on the lower cylinder wall 9 of the outer cylinder 1, the stagnation of the sucked oil in the SS suction device is minimized. It can be prevented. Further, by configuring the float 6 as described above, the float 6 can be designed to be appropriately large, and it is easy to configure it into a large-capacity suction device.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the suction device of the invention. The suction device A' of this embodiment has a notch recess 11 formed in the upper edge of the suction funnel 4 of the inner cylinder 3. When the cutout recess is formed in this manner, the suction force of the surface liquid from this portion increases, thereby making it possible to improve the suction fluidity of highly viscous oil and the like. Furthermore, if a heater 11' connected to a heating source (not shown) is attached near the notch recess 11, the notch recess 11
It is possible to increase the fluidity of highly viscous oil and the like passing through the suction and maintain suction smoothly.

Next, in FIG. 3, the suction device A of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 or 2 is replaced with a solidified oil crushing tool C.
A schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the suction device B equipped with is shown, and a plan view thereof is shown in FIG.

The main body A of the suction device B shown in this embodiment is the same as the suction device shown in FIG. That is, the arm 12 is connected to the suction device main body A.
The terminal part 12' is fixed to the outer cylinder 1 of the suction device main body A by screws 13 or the like, and the motor 14 is mounted on the upper surface of the arm 12.
A U-shaped crusher 17 is vertically rotated eccentrically via an eccentric shaft 16 connected to a reduction gear 15 of No. 4, and a cutting blade 18 is formed at the tip of the U-shaped crusher 17. . The shape of the cutting blade 18 may be any shape as long as it can effectively crush the solid oil on the surface layer, and is not limited to the comb-like protrusions as shown. However, it is natural that the position of the cutting blade 18 needs to be set at a position where it comes into contact with the solid oil on the surface layer when the outer cylinder 1 of the suction device main body A is fixed below the liquid level (WL). It is desirable to adjust the mounting angle of the cutting blade 18 so that solid oil can be easily scraped inward. When such a solidified oil crusher C is provided in the suction device main body A, it can also be used to remove solidified oil on the surface layer that has no fluidity or oil that has reduced fluidity by forming a highly viscous oil film. This can be effectively crushed to give fluidity and to make it easy to suction.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 19 denotes a pipe connected to the discharge port 2 of the outer cylinder 1, which is normally connected to an oil-water flotation tank (not shown).

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of the surface liquid suction device of the present invention, in which a shows a state in which surface liquid is being sucked, and b shows a state in which it is not being sucked. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a surface liquid suction device of the invention equipped with a solidified oil crusher, and Fig. 4 is a plan view thereof. . 1... Outer cylinder, 2... Outlet, 3... Inner cylinder, 4...
...Suction funnel, 5... Water passage, 6... Float, 7
... Weight, 10 ... Liquid storage chamber, 11 ... Notch recess, 17 ... Crushing machine.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In an outer cylinder having an open port at the top and a discharge port at the bottom end, a passageway is formed in the center, and a suction funnel with an open port at the top is provided at the upper end of the channel. . A surface liquid suction device, characterized in that an inner cylinder having a float ringed around the lower part of the suction funnel and around the water passage is slidably inserted into the outer cylinder. 2. The surface liquid suction device according to claim 1, characterized in that a notch recess is formed in the upper edge of the suction funnel. 3. The surface liquid suction device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lower surface of the float ringed around the water passage is tapered to reduce toward the water passage. 4. The surface liquid suction device according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the upper edge of the outer cylinder is curved inward to form a sliding guide for the inner cylinder. 5 In an outer cylinder having an open port at the top and a discharge port at the bottom end, a passage is formed in the center, a suction funnel with an open port at the top is provided at the upper end of the passage, and the lower part of the suction funnel is and an inner cylinder having a float arranged around the water passage is slidably inserted into the outer cylinder,
A surface liquid suction device further comprising: a solidified oil crusher having a cutting blade attached to its tip and attached to the outer cylinder via an arm.