JPH0340185B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a destructive construction method, and in particular to a destructive construction method for efficiently crushing objects to be crushed by continuously developing the expansion pressure of an expandable crushing agent. Calcium oxide (CaO) is generally used for demolition and crushing of brittle objects such as concrete structures, rocks, and earth.
Expansive crushing agents containing as the main component are widely used. That is, when destroying an object to be crushed using the above-mentioned expandable crushing agent, a hole made in the object to be crushed is filled with an expandable crushing agent slurry or water and an expandable crushing agent, and the expandable crushing agent is The material to be crushed is destroyed by using the hydration expansion pressure generated by the reaction between the crusher and water. By the way, a so-called blowout phenomenon occurs due to a rapid rise in slurry temperature due to the heat (digestion heat) generated as the hydration reaction of the expandable crushing agent progresses, and the expandable crushing agent slurry itself blows out from the hole. There are cases where this happens. When such an ejection phenomenon occurs, there is a problem that the amount of expandable crushing agent slurry becomes insufficient, the expansion pressure decreases, and the crushing force decreases. To deal with such a gushing phenomenon, measures such as adding a digestion retardant that retards the progress of the hydration reaction have been taken, and it is possible to prevent the gushing phenomenon itself. However, even with these prevention techniques, the evaporation of water due to the heat generated from the hydration reaction cannot be prevented.
However, there was a drawback that the hydration expansion pressure decreased. In other words, heat is generated by the hydration reaction between the expandable crushing agent and water, which causes the moisture in the expandable crushing agent slurry to evaporate, and the initially set water/disrupter ratio collapses, causing the expansion There are disadvantages in that the development of pressure becomes slow or a part of the expandable crushing agent remains unreacted, making it impossible to fully utilize the loaded expandable crushing agent. Therefore, as a measure to deal with the evaporation of water due to the heat generated as the hydration reaction progresses,
From the time of filling, an expandable crushing agent slurry with a water ratio higher than the theoretical value required for the expandable crushing agent to sufficiently cause a hydration reaction is prepared, and crushing is carried out using this expandable crushing agent. Ta. However, such an expandable crushing agent slurry with a high water ratio has the disadvantage that it can only exert a low expansion pressure and cannot achieve the expected crushing effect. On the other hand, water was also re-injected into the expandable crushing agent slurry filled in the hole after the water evaporated after filling, but the final reaction of the expandable crushing agent rapidly caused a hydration reaction, and the so-called A blow-out phenomenon may occur, which is extremely dangerous for workers and has the disadvantage that the crushing operation takes a long time. The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and its purpose is to achieve a predetermined hydration expansion of an expandable crushing agent slurry filled in holes drilled in an object to be crushed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a destruction method that can constantly maintain pressure, efficiently crush objects to be crushed, and perform crushing work safely and smoothly. In order to achieve this objective, the present invention uses a container containing water as an object to be crushed in a destruction method that uses hydration expansion pressure generated by reaction with water to destroy brittle objects such as concrete structures and rocks. By placing in an expandable crushing agent slurry in a drilled hole and destroying the container when the hydration expansion pressure decreases,
It is configured to crush the object by draining the water in the container and making the hydration expansion pressure appear again. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. First, the container used in the present invention needs to have a shape and structure that allows liquid to be sealed inside, such as an elongated bag-like container with a diameter of about 2 cm and a length of about 20 cm. is used. Next, the material of the container used in the present invention needs to be made of a material capable of sealing the liquid inside, and thin plastic, paper, etc. are used. Among these, various materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, and polystyrene can be used as the plastic. When selecting these materials, it is necessary to take into account the softening point (melting point) of the plastic used and the maximum exothermic temperature of the expandable crushing agent slurry. (Melting point) is as shown in Table 1.

[Table] The exothermic temperature of the expandable crushing agent slurry is mainly determined by the type of expandable crushing agent used, the physical characteristics of the material to be crushed (e.g. thermal conductivity, temperature, etc.), the weather during the crushing operation, the temperature, and the mixture. Since it is determined by the amount of water, etc., it is desirable to measure it in advance as a preliminary experiment. Further, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the container storing water is constructed to be destroyed by the heat generated when electricity is applied to a heating wire attached to the container. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the container 1 used in this embodiment is made of a thin plastic material such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, polystyrene, or cardboard, and has a length of about 20 cm and a diameter of about 2 cm. The heating wire heater 2 is wrapped around the bottom and/or side surface of the container 1, or the heating wire heater 2 is embedded in the resin forming the container 1. and a power source 3, water is injected into the container 1, and the injection hole is sealed by an appropriate means. This container is suspended by a wire rope 4 via a hook 5 and placed in the hole. Since the present container is constructed as described above, it is possible to destroy the container 1 at a desired time by the heat generated by energizing the electric wire heater 2. In addition, when selecting the material of the plastic used for the above container, the softening point (melting point) of the plastic used and the exothermic temperature of the expandable crushing agent slurry should be taken into consideration. The softening point (melting point) needs to be higher than the exothermic temperature of the hydration-swellable crushing agent slurry. This is because the container storing water will be destroyed by the heat generated when the expandable crushing agent slurry undergoes a hydration reaction. This is because it becomes impossible to destroy it. By storing water in a container in which such an electric wire heater 2 is buried or wrapped around it, and placing it in a hole made in the object to be crushed, the electric wire heater 2 of the container can be heated for a desired time. When the container 1 is energized, the hydration reaction becomes slow or the hydration reaction is temporarily stopped. By replenishing the hydration reaction, it is possible to completely promote the hydration reaction and make the hydration expansion pressure appear again. Furthermore, in a third embodiment of the present invention, the container storing water is configured to be broken into the container by piercing the container with a puncture member attached to the container. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the container 1 used in this embodiment is a container with a length of about 20 cm and a diameter of about 2 cm, made of a thin plastic material such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, or polystyrene, or cardboard. It is formed by an elongated bag at the bottom, and after water is injected into the container 1 and a piercing body 7 to which a traction string 6 is tied is placed inside, the injection hole is sealed by an appropriate means. Since the container 1 is constructed as described above, the towing string 6 is pulled at a desired time to break the container 1 from the inside with the pierced body 7, destroying the container and draining the stored water. I can do it. In addition, when selecting the plastic that is the material of the container used in this embodiment, it is necessary that the softening point (melting point) of the plastic used is higher than the exothermic temperature of the expandable crushing agent slurry; The method of arrangement in the hole is the same as in the second embodiment. In this way, water is stored in the container 1 made of a material that is easily destroyed by the piercing body 7, and the water is placed in the hole, and the piercing body 7 is penetrated through the container 1 in which water is stored, at a desired time. Promoting the hydration reaction by replenishing water for re-digesting the expandable crushing agent into the expandable crushing agent slurry whose expansion force has slowed down or temporarily stopped due to destruction, It becomes possible to make the hydration expansion pressure appear again. In addition, in this embodiment, the case where the piercing body 7 is attached to the inside of the container 1 has been explained as an example, but the piercing body may be attached to the outside of the container. Further, in each of the above embodiments, the case where water is stored in a container has been described as an example, but what is stored in the container is not limited to water. That is, an acid solution of a predetermined type and a predetermined concentration is stored in advance in each of the containers, and the container storing the acid solution is placed in a hole drilled in the object to be crushed. After the object to be crushed is crushed, the container is destroyed by appropriate means, the acid solution is discharged, and the alkaline component contained in the expandable crushing agent can be neutralized, resulting in environmental pollution caused by the alkaline component. can be prevented. Furthermore, a water storage container and a container storing an acid solution are placed together in the hole, and when the hydration reaction stops or becomes slow, the water storage container is first destroyed and the water is drained to completely stop the hydration reaction. When the crushing of the material to be crushed is completed, the container storing the acid solution can be destroyed to neutralize the alkaline component contained in the expandable crushing agent. The present invention configured as described above was implemented as follows. For each example, a comparison was made with a conventional method. In this example, S-Mite (trade name, manufactured by Sumitomo Cement) was used as the expandable crushing agent, but the present invention is not limited to this; for example, Blystar (trade name, manufactured by Onoda Cement),
It goes without saying that calcia clinker, lime-based swelling agents, calcium sulfur aluminate, etc. can also be used, and there is no need to limit the selection of container materials to plastic, paper, etc. The method of destroying the acid may also be any other suitable method, and the method of installing the container and the type and concentration of the acid used can be arbitrarily selected depending on the case. First Example Holes 9 with a diameter of 40 mm and a depth of 130 cm are drilled at 50 cm intervals in a concrete structure 8 formed with a length of 300 cm, a width of 200 cm, and a height of 150 cm.
A slurry 10 of 27% expandable crushing agent S-Mite (trade name, manufactured by Sumitomo Cement) was filled. Next, the length
Prepare an elongated polyethylene bag 1a with a diameter of 30 cm and 1.5 cm, and a polypropylene elongated bag 1b with a bottom and the same length and diameter as the elongated bag.The polyethylene elongated bag 1a is filled with water. On the other hand, a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 10% is injected into the elongated polypropylene bag 1b, and after sealing the injection hole, the water container and acid container are inserted into the upper end of the hole 9 as shown in FIG. It was placed in Then water container 1a and acid container 1
Measure the time until b is destroyed, the slurry temperature at the time when the water container and acid container are destroyed, and the time until cracks occur, and furthermore, measure the time taken 17 hours and 24 hours after the start of crushing. After the elapse of time, the width of the cracks formed in the object 8 to be crushed was measured.
In addition, we used X-ray analysis to investigate the unreacted CaO content remaining in the expandable crushing agent S-Mite at the end of crushing, and A sample was taken and the pH was measured.
The method for measuring the pH of the expandable crushing agent S-Mite is as follows. That is, a part of the expandable crushing agent S-Mite is collected, thoroughly washed with a volatile organic solvent such as ethanol or acetone to stop hydration, and dried in a desiccator. Expandable crushing agent S-Mite, after which the hydration reaction stopped
1.0 g was weighed out, stirred in 100 g of distilled water for 10 minutes (60 rpm), dissolved, filtered through furnace paper 5A, and the pH of the furnace liquid was measured using a PH meter. Next, crushing work is carried out using the conventional method under the same conditions,
A comparison between these two is shown in Table 2.

[Table] 2nd Example Two holes 9 with a diameter of 60 mm and a depth of 120 cm are bored at 40 cm intervals in a concrete structure 8 formed with a length of 150 cm, a width of 150 cm, and a height of 150 cm, and water is poured into the holes 9. / Expandable crushing agent special S-Mite with a crushing agent ratio of 25% (time to reach exothermic temperature of 100℃ in slurry state)
A slender polystyrene bag with a length of 20 cm and a diameter of 2.5 cm and a bottom is filled with a slurry 10 of S-Mite prepared for 35 minutes, and an electric wire heater 2 is installed between the resin layers on the side of the bag. Two embedded elongated bags 1c are prepared, water is poured into one of the elongated bags 1c, and a sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of 15% is poured into the other 1d.
After the injection holes of both the elongated bags 1c and 1d were sealed, the water container 1c and the acid container 1d were placed at the upper end of the hole 9 as shown in FIG. In addition, the slurry 1
0 PVC pipe 11 with a diameter of 5 mm in the center
was inserted so that its lower end was buried in the slurry 10 and its upper end protruded outside from the hole 9. This pipe 11 made of vinyl chloride discharges evaporation of kneading water caused by heat of hydration.
This contributes to the prevention of eruption phenomena. Furthermore, the pipe 1 is molded with ultra-fast hardening mortar 12 made of jet cement (trade name manufactured by Sumitomo Cement) and sand.
Tamping was performed around 1 to a depth of 10 cm. After filling with special S-Mite, which is an expandable crushing agent,
When 25 minutes have elapsed, the electric wire heater 2 of the water container 1c is energized, and the generated heat destroys the water container 1c. After that, the occurrence of cracks was observed, and the content of unreacted CaO remaining in the special S-Mite, which is an expansive crushing agent, was investigated using an X-ray analysis method. On the other hand, when 8 hours have passed after filling the special S-Mite, which is an expandable crushing agent, the electric wire heater 2 of the acid container 1d is energized, and the generated heat destroys the container 1d, completing the crushing. The alkali of Special S-Mite, which is an expandable crushing agent, was neutralized, and a part of the neutralized Special S-Mite, which is an expandable crushing agent, was collected and its PH was measured. Next, a crushing operation was carried out using the conventional method under the same conditions, and a comparison between the two is shown in Table 3.

[Table] Third Example A hole 9 with a diameter of 150 mm and a depth of 6 m is made in the diabase tuff 8.
Drill holes at 2.5m intervals and fill the holes 9 with a water/crushing agent ratio of 25%.
A slurry 10 of the expandable crushing agent S-mite was filled. Next, prepare 30 elongated bags 1e made of polyvinyl chloride with a length of 10 cm and a diameter of 3 cm with a bottom, and fill these bags with water. Prepare 30 elongated bags 1f, inject hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 20% into these bags 1e and 1f, seal the injection holes in these two elongated bags 1e and 1f, and then open the holes as shown in Figure 5. It was placed within 9. Further, the upper end of the hole 9 was tamped to a depth of 10 cm using an ultra-fast hardening mortar 12 made of jet cement and sand. After that, we observed the occurrence of cracks, etc., and investigated the unreacted CaO content remaining in the expandable crushing agent S-Mite using X-ray analysis. A portion of S-mite was collected and its pH was measured. Next, a crushing operation was carried out using the conventional method under the same conditions, and a comparison between the two is shown in Table 4.

【table】

[Table] Fourth Example Holes 9 with a diameter of 5 cm and a depth of 170 cm are drilled at 50 cm intervals in a concrete structure 8 formed with a length of 300 cm, a width of 200 cm, and a height of 200 cm, and water/fracture is poured into the holes 9. drug ratio
Prepare two elongated polystyrene bags with a length of 30 cm and a diameter of 2 cm, each with a bottom, filled with slurry 10 of the 27% expandable crushing agent S-Mite, and add 1 g to one of these two containers. is the water in the other container 1
After injecting a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 10% into the container h and placing the piercing body 7 to which the traction string 6 is tied inside the container, the injection hole is sealed by an appropriate means, and the containers 1g and 1h are inserted into the hole described above. It was placed within 9. Thereafter, after 5 hours have elapsed after filling the expandable crushing agent S-mite slurry 10, the traction string 6 tied to the pierced body 7 is pulled to turn the pierced body 7 into a water container of 1 g. The unreacted expandable crushing agent is penetrated and destroyed, and water is replenished to re-react and extinguish the unreacted expandable crushing agent. Afterwards, the occurrence of cracks, etc. is observed, and the unreacted crushing agent remaining in the expandable crusher S-Mite is The CaO content was investigated using X-ray diffraction method. In addition, when 18 hours have passed after filling the expandable crushing agent, the acid container 1h is penetrated into the acid container 1h by pulling the traction string 6 tied to the piercing body 7 in the same way as the water container 1g. After discharging the stored acid solution and neutralizing the alkali of the expanded crushing agent S-Mite,
A portion of it was collected and its pH was measured. On the other hand, crushing work was carried out using the conventional method under the same conditions, and a comparison between the two is shown in Table 5.

[Table] As shown in Tables 2 to 5 above, according to each of the examples according to the present invention, when compared with the crushing operation by the conventional method, the unreacted amount remaining in the expandable crushing agent after the start of crushing was It was found that the CaO content was significantly reduced and the crack width was also large. This means that the development of hydration expansion pressure becomes slow due to evaporation of the kneading water from the expandable crushing agent slurry, or that the unreacted expandable crushing agent reacts with the temporarily stopped expandable crushing agent. This shows that by replenishing water for re-digestion, it is possible to continuously and efficiently develop the swelling pressure of the swelling crushing agent.
Furthermore, according to each of the above examples, it was found that the PH value of the expandable crushing agent at the end of crushing was smaller than that of the conventional method. This means that by adding an acid solution to the expansible crushing agent after crushing work, it is possible to neutralize the alkali in the expansible crushing agent after crushing within the desired time, and it is also possible to neutralize the alkali in the expansible crushing agent after crushing has been completed, and to remove the alkali from the expansible crushing agent near the construction site. This shows that it is possible to prevent alkaline contamination. Since the present invention has the above configuration, it is possible to store make-up water inside the hole for re-reacting and re-digesting the unreacted expandable crushing agent at any time. It is possible to sufficiently re-react and re-digest the expansible crushing agent and to continuously develop the expansion pressure of the expansible crushing agent, allowing for rapid and efficient crushing of brittle objects such as rocks, earth, concrete structures, etc. It becomes possible to crush the material.
Furthermore, since there is no need to re-inject water in order to re-digest and re-react the unreacted expandable crushing agent during the crushing operation, there is an effect that the crushing operation can be carried out safely and smoothly.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a container for storing water or acid solution in which an electric wire heater is embedded, Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing a container for storing water or acid solution equipped with a piercing body, and Figs. FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the state of crushing of an object to be crushed by the crushing method according to the present invention. 1... Container, 1a, 1c, 1e, 1g... Water container (elongated bag), 1b, 1d, 1f, 1h... Acid container (elongated bag), 2... Heating wire (heater), 7... Pierce body.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a destruction method that uses hydration expansion pressure generated by reaction with water to destroy brittle objects such as concrete structures and rocks, a container containing water is placed in a hole made in the object to be crushed. By disposing an expandable crushing agent in a slurry and destroying the container when the hydration expansion pressure decreases, the water in the container is drained and the hydration expansion pressure is made to appear again, thereby crushing the object to be crushed. A destructive construction method characterized by: 2. The destruction method according to claim 1, wherein the container is destroyed by heat generated by the hydration reaction of the expandable crushing agent slurry. 3. The method of destruction according to claim 1, wherein a heating wire is attached to the container, and the container is destroyed by the heat generated when the heating wire is energized. 4. The method of destruction according to claim 1, characterized in that a piercing body is attached to the container, and the piercing body is penetrated into the container to destroy the container.