JPH0344232B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0344232B2 JPH0344232B2 JP59023122A JP2312284A JPH0344232B2 JP H0344232 B2 JPH0344232 B2 JP H0344232B2 JP 59023122 A JP59023122 A JP 59023122A JP 2312284 A JP2312284 A JP 2312284A JP H0344232 B2 JPH0344232 B2 JP H0344232B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- shape memory
- memory alloy
- spring
- fixed
- fixing shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/06—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like
- F03G7/061—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like characterised by the actuating element
- F03G7/0614—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like characterised by the actuating element using shape memory elements
- F03G7/06145—Springs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/06—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like
- F03G7/063—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like characterised by the mechanic interaction
- F03G7/0633—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like characterised by the mechanic interaction performing a rotary movement
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Temperature-Responsive Valves (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は形状記憶合金を利用した熱感応アクチ
ユエータに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a heat sensitive actuator using a shape memory alloy.
従来例の構成とその問題点
近年、形状記憶合金（以下単にSMAと称す）
の工業的応用研究が盛んとなり、SMAを精度よ
い熱感応アクチユエータとしていかに使いこなす
かが工業的応用範囲を拡大する大きな鍵となつて
いる。そして加熱と冷却によりSMAが可逆的に
変形する二方向性動作が望まれている。Cu−Zn
−Al合金系を主とするCu合金系のSMAはそれ自
身が二方向性の性質を持つが、二方向性の動作を
数万〜数十万回の繰り返し動作が行なわれる熱感
応アクチユエータの使用の際、繰り返し寿命の点
において問題があるためにNi−Ti合金を二方向
動作をするように使う工夫がなされている。Structure of conventional examples and their problems In recent years, shape memory alloys (hereinafter simply referred to as SMA) have been developed.
Research on the industrial application of SMA has become active, and the key to expanding the range of industrial applications is how to effectively utilize SMA as a highly accurate heat-sensitive actuator. Bidirectional action is desired, in which the SMA reversibly deforms by heating and cooling. Cu−Zn
-Although Cu alloy-based SMAs, which are mainly Al alloy-based, have bidirectional properties themselves, the use of heat-sensitive actuators that perform bidirectional operations tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of times. In this case, there is a problem in terms of cycle life, so efforts have been made to use Ni-Ti alloys so that they can operate in two directions.
第１図は従来例の二方向性熱感応アクチユエー
タを示し、同図において１はアクチユエータ本
体、２はアクチユエータ本体１に設けられた本体
軸、３は本体軸２こ回動自在に取付けられた動作
素子、４は動作素子３に設けられたバネ固定軸、
５は対抗バイアスバネ、６はアクチユエータ本体
１に設けられたバイアス固定軸、７はSMAバネ、
８はアクチユエータ本体１に設けられたSMAバ
ネ固定軸をそれぞれ示す。しかし同図において
SMAバネ８、対抗バイアスバネ５により動作素
子３が動作した際、SMAバネ７の回転モーメン
トが変化するため、本体軸２とアクチユエータ本
体１の摩擦により動作が不完全になるといつた問
題を有していた。 Figure 1 shows a conventional bidirectional heat-sensitive actuator, in which 1 is the actuator body, 2 is a body shaft provided on the actuator body 1, and 3 is the body shaft 2, which is rotatably attached to the actuator body. element, 4 is a spring fixed shaft provided on the operating element 3;
5 is a counter bias spring, 6 is a bias fixing shaft provided on the actuator body 1, 7 is an SMA spring,
8 indicates the SMA spring fixing shafts provided in the actuator body 1, respectively. However, in the same figure
When the actuating element 3 is operated by the SMA spring 8 and the counter bias spring 5, the rotational moment of the SMA spring 7 changes, so there is a problem that the operation becomes incomplete due to friction between the main body shaft 2 and the actuator main body 1. was.
発明の目的
本発明は、上記従来の問題を解消するもので、
動作素子に加わる回転モーメントが常に最大とな
るように第一SMAバネが動作素子に垂直となる
ように第一SMAバネ固定軸の移動を第二SMAバ
ネで行なうものである。Purpose of the invention The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems.
The second SMA spring moves the first SMA spring fixing axis so that the first SMA spring is perpendicular to the operating element so that the rotational moment applied to the operating element is always maximum.
発明の構成
この目的を達成するために本発明はSMAバネ
と対抗バイアスバネの組合わせにより二方向動作
を行なうアクチユエータにおいて、第一SMAバ
ネの固定軸である第一SMA固定軸をスライド溝
にスライド自在に設け、さらに第二対抗バイアス
バネと第二SMAバネの二方向動作により第一
SMAバネが常に動作素子に対して垂直に働き最
大モーメントを与えるように構成したものであ
る。Structure of the Invention In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides an actuator that performs bidirectional operation by a combination of an SMA spring and a counter bias spring, in which a first SMA fixed shaft, which is a fixed shaft of a first SMA spring, is slid into a slide groove. The second opposing bias spring and the second SMA spring operate in two directions, allowing the first
The structure is such that the SMA spring always acts perpendicular to the operating element and provides maximum moment.
実施例の説明
以下本発明の実施例について第２図〜第４図に
より説明する。同図において１はアクチユエータ
本体、２はアクチユエータ本体１に設けられた本
体軸、３は本体軸１に回動自在に取付けられた動
作素子、４は動作素子３に設けられたバネ固定
軸、５はバネ固定軸４に一端を固定した対抗バイ
アスバネ、６はアクチユエータ本体１に設けられ
たバイアス固定軸、９はスライド溝１３にスライ
ド可能に設けられた第一SMAバネ固定軸、１０
はアクチユエータ本体１に設けられた第二SMA
バネ固定軸、１１は第二SMAバネ、１２は第一
SMAバネ、１４は第二対抗バイアスバネをそれ
ぞれ示す。第一SMAバネ１２および第二SMAバ
ネ１１はそれぞれコイル状に形状記憶処理され、
形状変化を示す温度（変態温度：T2）以下では
SMAの性質として弾性係数や降状応力が低く、
対抗バイアスバネにより、応力誘起マルテンサイ
ト変態（MS点〜Mf点）による変形が起こり、第
一SMAバネ１２はδだけ歪むために動作素子３
は本体軸２を中心に左方向に回転し、第一SMA
バネ１２が作動素子３に対し常に直角に向かうよ
うに、第一SMAバネ固定軸９は第二対抗バイア
スバネ１４により第二SMAバネ１１の歪みδ2に
よりスライド溝１３をスライドする。DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4. In the figure, 1 is the actuator main body, 2 is a main body shaft provided on the actuator main body 1, 3 is an operating element rotatably attached to the main body shaft 1, 4 is a spring fixed shaft provided on the operating element 3, 5 1 is a counter bias spring having one end fixed to the spring fixing shaft 4; 6 is a bias fixing shaft provided in the actuator body 1; 9 is a first SMA spring fixing shaft slidably provided in the slide groove 13;
is the second SMA provided in the actuator body 1.
Spring fixed shaft, 11 is the second SMA spring, 12 is the first
SMA springs, 14 each indicate a second counter bias spring. The first SMA spring 12 and the second SMA spring 11 are each subjected to shape memory treatment into a coil shape,
Below the temperature at which the shape changes (transformation temperature: T 2 ),
The properties of SMA include low elastic modulus and descending stress.
Due to the opposing bias spring, deformation occurs due to stress-induced martensitic transformation (point M S to point M f ), and the first SMA spring 12 is distorted by δ, so that the operating element 3
rotates to the left around main body axis 2, and the first SMA
The first SMA spring fixing shaft 9 slides in the sliding groove 13 due to the strain δ 2 of the second SMA spring 11 by means of the second opposing bias spring 14 so that the spring 12 is always oriented at right angles to the actuating element 3 .
次に加熱すると形状変化を示す温度（変態温度
T1）で形状記憶によりオーステナイト変態（AS
点〜Af点）で元の形状に戻ろうとする大きな復
元力が発生し、第一SMAバネ及び第二SMAバネ
は○の歪みの状態まで復元する。 Next, when heated, the temperature at which the shape changes (transformation temperature
T 1 ), austenitic transformation (A S
A large restoring force is generated that tries to return to the original shape from point A to point A f ), and the first SMA spring and the second SMA spring are restored to the distorted state of ○.
以上のようにして熱感応アクチユエータの二方
向動作は行なわれる。 The two-way operation of the heat-sensitive actuator is performed in the manner described above.
発明の効果
上記実施例から明らかなように、本発明におけ
る熱感応アクチユエータは、対抗バイアスバネ及
び第一SMAバネによりNi−Ti合金使用の二方向
動作を可能にし、さらに第一SMAバネが動作素
子に与える回転モーメントが最大となるように固
定軸を第二バイアスバネ及び第二SMAバネによ
り移動させるものであり、このことにより、工業
的応用した際、回転軸の動作においても従来のも
のと比較して摩擦に対する影響が少なく出来、さ
らに動作範囲の変位量も調節出来るため、SMA
合金では精度上制御が困難であつた各種制御器、
例えば恒温槽の温度設定器、流体径路の感熱弁、
空調機の風向変更板動作機構などへの応用が可能
となり、熱感応アクチユエータとして優れた効果
を奏するものである。Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above embodiments, the heat-sensitive actuator of the present invention enables bidirectional operation using a Ni-Ti alloy by means of a counter bias spring and a first SMA spring, and furthermore, the first SMA spring serves as an operating element. The fixed shaft is moved by the second bias spring and the second SMA spring so that the rotational moment given to the This reduces the effect on friction, and furthermore, the amount of displacement in the operating range can be adjusted, so SMA
Various controllers that are difficult to control accurately with alloys,
For example, a temperature setting device for a constant temperature bath, a heat-sensitive valve for a fluid path,
It can be applied to the wind direction changing plate operation mechanism of air conditioners, etc., and has excellent effects as a heat-sensitive actuator.
第１図は従来例における形状記憶合金と対抗バ
イアス荷重を組合わせた二方向動作の熱感応アク
チユエータを説明する構成図、第２図は本発明の
一実施例における形状記憶合金と対抗バイアス荷
重を組合わせた二方向動作の熱感応アクチユエー
タを説明する構成図、第３図は二方向動作熱感応
装置の動作を説明する温度−変位を示すヒステリ
シスループの特性図、第４図は第２図のスライド
溝の拡大図である。
１……アクチユエータ本体、３……作動素子、
５……対抗バイアスバネ、１１……第二SMAバ
ネ、１２……第一SMAバネ。
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a two-way operation heat sensitive actuator that combines a shape memory alloy and a counter bias load in a conventional example, and FIG. 2 shows a shape memory alloy and a counter bias load in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the combined two-way heat sensitive actuator; FIG. 3 is a temperature-displacement hysteresis loop characteristic diagram explaining the operation of the two-way heat sensitive device; FIG. It is an enlarged view of a slide groove. 1... Actuator main body, 3... Actuation element,
5...Counter bias spring, 11...Second SMA spring, 12...First SMA spring.
Claims (1)
バネ固定軸に固定され、他端が第一形状記憶合金
バネ固定軸に固定された第一形状記憶合金バネ
と、一端が前記動作素子の前記バネ固定軸に固定
され他端がバイアス固定軸に固定され、形状記憶
合金の温度による変形性質とバイアス荷重により
前記動作素子を前記本体軸を中心に回転させる対
抗バイアスバネと、一端が前記第一形状記憶合金
バネ固定軸に固定され、他端が第二形状記憶合金
バネ固定軸に固定された第二形状記憶合金バネと
を有し、前記第一形状記憶合金バネ固定軸はスラ
イド溝によりすべるようになつており、前記第一
および第二の形状記憶合金の変形性質と前記対抗
バイアスバネにより二方向動作を行なわせ、かつ
その温度に対する歪みによる動作の際前記第一形
状記憶合金バネと前記動作素子の前記本体軸とバ
ネ固定軸を結ぶ線がほぼ垂直になるように前記第
一形状記憶合金バネ固定軸をスライドさせ、前記
動作素子に形状記憶合金バネの与える回転モーメ
ントを最大となるように構成した熱感応アクチユ
エータ。1. A first shape memory alloy spring having one end fixed to a spring fixing shaft of the operating element rotatable around the body axis and the other end fixed to a first shape memory alloy spring fixing shaft; a counter bias spring, which is fixed to the spring fixed shaft and whose other end is fixed to the bias fixed shaft, and which rotates the operating element around the main body axis by the temperature-induced deformation property of the shape memory alloy and the bias load; a second shape memory alloy spring fixed to one shape memory alloy spring fixing shaft, and a second shape memory alloy spring having the other end fixed to a second shape memory alloy spring fixing shaft, the first shape memory alloy spring fixing shaft being fixed by a slide groove. The deformable nature of the first and second shape memory alloys and the opposing bias spring provide bidirectional movement, and the first shape memory alloy spring The first shape memory alloy spring fixing shaft is slid so that a line connecting the main body axis of the operating element and the spring fixing shaft is substantially perpendicular, and the rotational moment given by the shape memory alloy spring to the operating element is maximized. A heat-sensitive actuator configured as follows.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59023122A JPS60166766A (en) | 1984-02-09 | 1984-02-09 | Heat-sensitive actuator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59023122A JPS60166766A (en) | 1984-02-09 | 1984-02-09 | Heat-sensitive actuator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60166766A JPS60166766A (en) | 1985-08-30 |
| JPH0344232B2 true JPH0344232B2 (en) | 1991-07-05 |
Family
ID=12101695
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59023122A Granted JPS60166766A (en) | 1984-02-09 | 1984-02-09 | Heat-sensitive actuator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60166766A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1364125A1 (en) | 2001-01-17 | 2003-11-26 | M 2 Medical A/S | Shape memory alloy actuator |
| US6916115B1 (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2005-07-12 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | System and device for characterizing shape memory alloy wires |
| KR101034500B1 (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2011-05-17 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Shape Memory Alloy Actuator |
| CZ309254B6 (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2022-06-22 | České vysoké učenà technické v Praze | Temperature actuator |
-
1984
- 1984-02-09 JP JP59023122A patent/JPS60166766A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60166766A (en) | 1985-08-30 |
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