JPH0347398B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a bottom-expanding section excavation device equipped with a detector for detecting the movement of an expanding wing that excavates the bottom section of a bottom-expanding pile.

[Background of the invention]

An excavator for constructing expanded bottom piles has been disclosed in which an expanding blade with a cutter for excavating the expanded bottom portion is rotated around a vertical axis. In many of these, a hydraulic cylinder or the like provided at the center of the excavator is expanded and contracted in the vertical direction, and the enlarged wing is opened and closed in the horizontal direction at the enlarged bottom part about the vertical axis via a link. Therefore, when detecting the opening/closing amount of the enlarged wing, it is possible to detect the amount of expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder, or directly detect the rotation angle of the vertical axis, which is the rotational fulcrum of the enlarged wing. In the former case, the amount of opening and closing of the expansion wing, which is the amount of horizontal movement, is taken as the amount of vertical movement, so the relationship between them is 2.
If the amount of vertical movement is detected using a potentiometer, etc., and the change in voltage is displayed directly on a meter on the ground without going through a calculation device, there will be a large difference between the open/closed state of the expansion wing and the movement of the meter. This has the disadvantage that it is difficult for drivers to grasp the system intuitively. The latter directly detects the opening/closing amount of the expansion blades, so there is no problem since the opening/closing status of the expansion blades and the movement of the meter match, but structurally speaking, the vertical axis, which is the rotational fulcrum of the expansion blades, is the basis of expansion piles. Because it is located close to the diameter of the hole, there was a risk of contact with the hole wall when the excavator was pulled up to the ground, or damage to the detector due to debris falling from the wall.

[Purpose of the invention]

The purpose of the present invention is to improve the problems of the prior art as described above, to be able to approximately detect the movement of the expanding wing as a linear function, and to avoid damage caused by falling gravel or contact with the hole wall. It is an object of the present invention to provide an excavation device with an expanded bottom section equipped with an expanded blade opening/closing amount detector.

[Summary of the invention]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is an expanding bottom part excavation device for an expanded bottom pile, which has a plurality of expanding wings that are rotated in the horizontal direction by means such as hydraulic cylinders around a vertically mounted hinge. In,
an equalizer link in which a plurality of expanding blades are connected in synchronization with each other and are horizontally mounted so that the center of rotation is approximately at the center of the drilling equipment; a rotation angle detector that detects the rotation angle of the equalizer link; It consists of a bracket that fixes the rotation angle detector to the center of rotation of the equalizer link, and a frame configured to support the bracket and surround the rotation angle detector, and to control the rotation and rotation angle of the enlarged wing. The present invention is characterized in that the rotation angle detected by the detector is approximately proportional to a linear function.

[Embodiments of the invention]

The following embodiments are based on the expanded bottom pile shown in Fig. 1, which was previously proposed by the present inventor, so that when a bottom expanded hole is excavated by the earth drilling method, the earth and sand can be almost completely taken into the case. This is an application of the invention.

This expanded bottom pile has an expanded bottom portion 1a formed at the lowest part of the pile, a tapered portion 1b that is gradually expanded from the basic diameter φd of the pile to the expanded bottom diameter φD, and the outer periphery of the bottom of the pile and the tapered portion. and a downwardly convex conical part 1d formed at the center of the bottom of the pile and whose apex coincides with the center of the pile _.
and a flat horizontal surface portion _1d2 formed from the conical portion to the outer peripheral portion of the bottom surface. Note that the diameter of the conical portion _1d1 is approximately equal to the basic diameter φd.

Hereinafter, an example of the implementation of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 2 to 11.

In these figures, reference numeral 11 indicates a wide-bottomed bucket tote according to the present invention, which is connected to a stabilizer 12 by connecting a flange 11a at its upper end to a flange 12a, and has a square hole in the center of the upper end thereof to be connected to a Kelly bar 2. It has a boss 12b. 13 is a frame; 14 is a case having an open bottom; a bottom cover 16 is attached to the bottom opening by a hinge 15 so as to be openable and closable; This bottom cover 16 has a conical shape convex downward, and as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, it is impossible to excavate vertically in the conical part, but the bottom surface of the expanded bottom part can be roughened. An edge 16a and an opening 16a are provided, and a valve plate 18 for preventing earth and sand outflow is attached to the opening so as to be openable and closable by a hinge 17 provided along the edge of the opening opposite to the edge 16a. The bottom cover 16 is held closed by the hinge 15 and a locking device 19 provided on the opposite side of the hinge 15, and by disengaging the locking device 19, the fourth It is made so that it can be opened downward about the hinge 15 as shown by the chain line in the figure.

The expansion wings 20 include a plurality of openings 14 (two in the embodiment) provided on the side surface of the case 14.
A is attached to the frame 13 by a vertical hinge 21 so that it can be opened and closed. A plurality of cutters 22 for excavating the tapered part 1b and the vertically rising part 1c of the pile 1 are attached to this expanding wing, and the cutters 22 are arranged so that the cutter excavates a part farther from the center of the pile than the hinge 21. installed in a remote location. Therefore, the upper end of the enlarged wing 20 is close to the position of the hinge 21, and has an inclined structure except for the portion where the vertically rising portion 1c is excavated. For this reason, in order to prevent the tapered portion 1b from becoming drum-shaped when excavating, the cutter 2 of the expanding wing 20 is
2 are arranged in a slightly convex manner with respect to the excavation direction (see Fig. 5). Further, among the cutters for excavating the vertically rising portion 1c, the lowest cutter 22' is designed to have a width equivalent to two or three of the other cutters 22 in order to prevent soil from being missed.

The expanding wing 20 is provided with a dirt guide wall 20a that is integrally structured with the expanding wing at the lower part thereof,
The earth and sand guide wall 20a has an arc shape whose radius of curvature is the distance from the hinge 21, which is the center of rotation of the expanding wing 20. Here, since the hinge 21 is located at a position preceding the earth and sand guide wall 20a in the excavation rotation direction, the excavated earth and sand is smoothly accommodated in the case 14 along the circular arc.

The bottom portion 20b of the expansion wing 20 including the earth and sand guide wall 20a is formed horizontally as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, so that the excavation surface of the excavation portion of the expansion portion is horizontal. Since the hinge 21 is vertical and the bottom part 20b is horizontal, when the expanding wing 12 is closed, the bottom part 20b is
is configured so that it follows the same trajectory as during excavation work so that there is no gap between it and the excavation surface. Also,
No cutter is attached to the bottom side 20b of the enlarged blade 20, and only a wear-resistant material is welded thereto to prevent wear. Therefore, the bottom part of the expansion wing only has the function of roughening the bottom of the expansion part, and is not capable of digging in the vertical direction, so that the shape of the expansion part can be formed correctly. In addition, 23 is a hydraulic cylinder for opening and closing the expansion wing 20,
24 is an equalizer link for synchronizing the two cylinders, and 25 is an enlarged blade rotation angle detector. This rotation angle detector 25 is connected to a bracket 41 fixed to the frame 13 with bolts 40.
It is fixed with bolts 42. On the other hand, the equalizer link 24 provided horizontally is composed of an A link 43 and a B link 44, and the A link 43 is connected at one end to the expansion wing 20 and a pin 45, and at the other end to a B link 44 and a pin 46. . Further, the B link 44 is fixed to the shaft 47 with a bolt 48, and the shaft 4
Both ends are supported by the frame 13 so as to rotate about the center point 7. In addition, the shaft 47 is attached to the plate 4.
9. It is secured to the frame 13 by bolts 50. Further, the shaft 47 and the rotating shaft 25a of the rotation angle detector 25 are connected by a coupling ring 51, so that rotation of the shaft 47 can be transmitted. Also, shaft 47, pin 45, pin 4
6. The rectangle connecting each point of the hinge 21 constitutes a parallelogram. Therefore, the rotation angle of the enlarged wing 20 about the hinge 21 becomes the rotation angle of the B link 44 as it is. Therefore, by detecting the rotation angle of the B link 44 with the rotation angle detector 25, the opening/closing amount of the enlarged wing 20 can be known. Also, rotation angle detector 2
5 is located at the center of the bucket and is surrounded by a frame 13 to protect it from falling gravel from the hole wall.

Reference numeral 26 denotes an arc-shaped main scraper which is attached to the case 14 so as to be openable and closable by a hinge 27 so as to face the earth and sand guide wall 20a, and an auxiliary scraper 26a is raised from the free end side of the scraper via a pin 28. This auxiliary scraper 26 can be freely installed and
a can be attached to and detached from the main scraper 26 by pulling out or inserting a pin 28 as necessary. Further, the upper parts of the main scraper 26 and the auxiliary scraper 26a are open, and when the tapered part 1b of the expanded bottom part is excavated by the expanding blade 20, most of the excavated earth and sand falls directly into the scraper and is taken in. It's becoming like that. Further, in this embodiment, the main scraper 26 is connected to the earth and sand guide wall 20a via a link 29 and pins 30, 31, and is configured to open and close in conjunction with the opening and closing of the expansion wing 20. . In this case, the pin hole 31a on the main scraper side of the link 29 is made into a long hole as shown in FIGS. 26 falls inward to form a space G for taking in dirt between the tip of the nest scraper 26 and the enlarged wing 20. In addition, if the position of the hinge 27 is matched with the position of the hinge 21, the space G for taking in the earth and sand will be constant regardless of whether the expansion wing 20 is opened or closed. Therefore, the expansion wing 2
Even if gravel is caught between the expanding blade 20 and the scraper during the process of closing the blade, the expanding blade 20 can be closed with the gravel remaining in the pinched state.

Further, the bottom part of the scraper is also formed horizontally like the expanding blade 20, and the hinge 27 is vertical, so when the scrapers 26, 26a are closed, the bottom part follows the same trajectory as during excavation work. It is constructed so that there is no gap between it and the excavation surface.

Since the bottom-expanding part excavation device of the present invention is configured as described above, when excavating the bottom-expanding part with the enlarging blades, the movement of the enlarging blades can be approximately detected as a linear function, and the gravel can be detected as a linear function. This eliminates the risk of damage due to falling or contact with the hole wall.

A portion of the basic diameter φd is excavated with an earth drill bucket for the basic diameter, and when the desired depth is reached, the earth drill bucket is pulled up to the ground, and the bucket is removed and replaced with the bottom expanding bucket 11 of the present invention to expand the bottom depth. lower to. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 23 is contracted, so as shown in FIG.
0a is drawn into the case 14, and
The main and auxiliary scrapers 26, 26a are closed.

In this state, first, the expanded-bottom bucket 11 is rotated and earth and sand at the bottom of the pile hole excavated by the bucket 3 is scooped out by the edge 16a to shape the bottom surface. At this time, the earth and sand that have once entered the case 14 are prevented from flowing out by the valve plate 18.
Next, while rotating the expanded bottom bucket 11, the hydraulic cylinder 23 is extended, and the expanded wings 20 are rotated about the hinges 21 to gradually open outward.

At this time, if the excavation loads acting on the two expansion wings 20 are different, the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinders 23 attached to each of them will be different. For this reason, a problem arises in which the center runout occurs and the correct expanded pile is not formed. However, in the present invention, the two expanding blades 20 are connected to each other by the equalizer link 24, so that they do not bear an unbalanced load on each other. It's hot,
The opening and closing conditions are always the same, and no fluctuation occurs. At this time, the A link 43 is
Since the B link 44 is rotated through the rotation angle, the opening/closing amount of the enlarged wing 20 is detected by the rotation angle detector 25 attached to the center of rotation of the B link 44.
In addition, as the expansion wing 20 rotates, the earth and sand guide wall 20a
is pulled out from the case, and at the same time, the main scraper 26 is also opened and the main scraper 26 is pulled out as shown in FIG.
A space G for the inflow of earth and sand is formed between the tip of the expansion blade 6 and the tip of the expansion wing, and the rotation of the expansion bucket causes the excavated earth to move relatively as shown by the broken line arrow, and flows into the expansion blade 20 and the earth and sand guide wall 20a. Then, it is guided and taken into the case 14. At this time, the auxiliary scraper 26a falls down as shown in the figure due to the inflowing earth and sand, opening the earth and sand intake further, but if necessary, the pin 28 may be pulled out and the auxiliary scraper 26a removed during this bottom expansion step.

Thus, the expansion wing 20 and the earth and sand guide wall 20a
Since the earth and sand guide wall 20a has an arc shape with a radius of curvature equal to the distance from the center of rotation of the expansion wing, the earth and sand guided into the case 14 are guided into the case 14 very smoothly. be done.

Then, when the wide-bottom bucket 11 is almost filled with earth and sand, the wide-bottom bucket 11 is rotated and the hydraulic cylinder 23 is gradually contracted to close the expansion wings 20. The earth and sand in front of the wall 20a is guided toward the case, and the resistance of the earth and sand causes the auxiliary scraper 26a to automatically rise as shown in FIG.
All of the excavated earth and sand can be forcibly taken into the case 14 by trapping the earth and sand between the excavated earth and the scrapers 26 and 26a.

Next, the wide-bottom bucket 11 that has taken in the excavated soil as described above is pulled up to the ground, and the locking device 19
By releasing the engagement, the bottom cover 16 is opened around the hinge 15 as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 4, and the earth and sand in the wide-bottom bucket 11 is discharged. Such operations are carried out in several parts throughout the whole process of excavating the bottom expansion section, and then reinforcing bars are inserted and concrete is cast to construct the bottom expansion pile.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the bottom expanding pile drilling device of the present invention not only rotates the expanding blades 20 using a hydraulic cylinder around a vertically mounted hinge, but also synchronizes a plurality of expanding blades 20. Therefore, an equalizer link 24 connecting the plurality of expansion wings 20 is provided horizontally, and the equalizer link 24
is configured to have a part that rotates at the center of the excavation equipment, and a rotation angle detector 25 is attached to the center of rotation.
Since the quadrilateral formed by the B link 44 is a parallelogram, the rotation angle of the enlarged wing 20 and the rotation angle measured by the rotation angle detector 25 match. Therefore, the rotation angle detector 2 can be used on the ground without using a calculation device.
Even if the amount of change in the voltage outputted in step 5 is directly displayed on the meter, the opening/closing state of the expansion wing matches the movement of the meter, and the driver is not perceptually confused. In addition, here, the enlarged wing 20, the frame 13,
Although the quadrilateral made up of the A link 43 and the B link 44 is assumed to be a parallelogram, it does not necessarily have to be a parallelogram, and the range that does not sensually disturb the driver due to installation constraints, that is, the expansion wing This includes a range in which the amount of opening/closing and the movement of the meter can be approximated by a linear function.

Further, the rotation angle detector 25 is connected to the frame 13 around the rotation angle detector 25.
Since the hole is surrounded by a hole, there is no risk of damage due to falling gravel or contact with the hole wall.

In addition, the rotation angle detector is constructed by constructing an equalizer link that is provided to synchronize multiple expansion blades with a special part that rotates at the center of the excavator, and utilizes the rotation of that part. This has the advantage of being able to determine the open/closed state of the expansion wing with a simple configuration.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an expanded bottom pile previously proposed by the present inventor. FIG. 2 to FIG. 11 show an embodiment of the bottom-expanding excavation device according to the present invention.
The figure is an explanatory diagram showing the outline during excavation, Figure 3 is a perspective view with the expansion blade open, Figure 4 is a side view with the expansion blade closed, and Figure 5 is the - line in Figure 4. Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the - line in Fig. 4, Fig. 7 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 6 at the time of bottom expansion excavation, and Fig. 8 is taken along the - line in Fig. 7. FIG. 9 is an explanatory cross-sectional view with the expansion wing closed after excavation, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 3, and FIG. This is a cross-sectional view along the line. 1a... Expanded bottom part, 1b... Tapered part, 1c...
Vertical rising part, 1d ₁ ... Conical part, 1d ₂ ... Horizontal surface part, 13 ... Frame, 14 ... Case, 16
...Bottom cover, 20...Enlarged wing, 20a...Earth guide wall, 21...Hinge of enlarged wing, 22...Katsuta, 2
3...Hydraulic cylinder for opening/closing the enlarged blade, 24...Equalizer link, 25...Rotation angle detector, 25a...
...Rotation axis of rotation angle detector, 26...Main scraper, 41...Fixing bracket of rotation angle detector, 4
7... Equalizer link rotation center axis, 51...
cutlet ring.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a bottom-expanding excavation device for a bottom-expanding pile having a plurality of expanding wings that are rotated in the horizontal direction by a means such as a hydraulic cylinder around a vertically mounted hinge, an equalizer link that is horizontally installed so that the blades are connected to each other in synchronization and has a rotation center approximately at the center of the drilling rig;
a rotation angle detector for detecting a rotation angle of the equalizer link; a bracket for fixing the rotation angle detector to a rotational center of the equalizer link; and a bracket configured to support the bracket and surround the rotation angle detector. An amount of bottom expansion of a bottom pile, characterized in that the rotation of the expansion wing and the rotation angle detected by the rotation angle detector are approximately proportional to each other by a linear function. Drilling rig with detector installed. 2. Bottom-expanding excavation of a bottom-expanding pile having a bottom-expansion amount detector as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the rectangle constituted by the expanding wing, the frame, and the equalizer link forms a parallelogram. Device.