JPH0350809B2

JPH0350809B2 -

Info

Publication number: JPH0350809B2
Application number: JP59104952A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Takeshi Harada
Original assignee: Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo KK
Current assignee: Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo KK
Priority date: 1984-05-24
Filing date: 1984-05-24
Publication date: 1991-08-02
Also published as: JPS60248835A

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

（産業上の利用分野）本発明は、電気接点材料に関するものである。（従来技術及びその問題点）従来より内部酸化法により製作した電気接点材
料の一つとして銀−酸化ビスマスが用いられてき
た。銀−酸化ビスマスは、耐アーク性、耐溶着特
性に優れ安定した接触抵抗等の接点性能を有する
が、昨今、継電器の小型化に伴い接触力、開離力
の低下、接点の小型化、接点ギヤツプの狭小化に
伴い耐溶着性に問題が生じてきた。この為、さら
に耐溶着性に優れた電気接点材が要望されてい
る。（発明の目的）本発明は斯かる要望を満たすべくなされたもの
で、銀−酸化ビスマスより成る電気接点材料の安
定した接触抵抗をそのまま具有し、耐溶着性が大
幅に向上した電気接点材料を提供せんとするもの
である。（問題点を解決するための手段）本発明の電気接点材料の一つは、ビスマス13〜
20重量％と、カドミウム0.1〜５重量％、錫0.5〜
５重量％、マンガン0.5〜５重量％と、残部銀か
ら成る材料であつて、且つ内部酸化されているも
のである。本発明の電気接点材料の他の一つは、ビスマス
13〜20重量％と、カドミウム0.1〜５重量％、錫
0.5〜５重量％、マンガン0.5〜５重量％と、残部
銀から成る材料であつて、且つ内部酸化されてい
るものである。本発明の電気接点材料に於いて、ビスマス13〜
20重量％と、カドミウム0.1〜５重量％、錫0.5〜
５重量％、マンガン0.5〜５重量％とした理由は、
ビスマス、カドミウムは低温昇華性によつて耐溶
着性を向上させるためで、ビスマス13重量％未
満、カドミウム0.1重量％未満ではその効果がな
く、ビスマス20重量％を超えると合金の融点が下
がりすぎて高温での内部酸化が困難となり、カド
ミウム５重量％を超えると銀−酸化ビスマスの耐
溶着性を劣化させる。錫はカドミウムの球状析出
を針状にかえ耐溶着性を向上させるためで、0.5
重量％未満ではその効果がなく、５重量％を超え
ると耐溶着性は向上するが接点開閉時に酸化物が
接点表面に堆積し接触抵抗、温度上昇を大にす
る。マンガンは耐溶着性を向上させるためで、
0.5重量％未満ではその効果がなく、５重量％を
超えると層状析出となり接触抵抗、温度上昇が高
くなる。以上のことより、ビスマス13〜20重量
％、カドミウム0.1〜５重量％、錫0.5〜５重量
％、マンガン0.5〜５重量％の範囲内では、耐溶
着性の充分満足できる電気接点材料が得られるも
のである。さらに本発明の電気接点材料の他の一つに於い
て、ビスマス13〜20重量％、カドミウム0.1〜５
重量％、錫0.5〜５重量％、マンガン0.5〜５重量
％以外に鉄族元素0.01〜１重量％添加する理由
は、これを電気接点材料に分散させた場合、これ
により得られる酸化ビスマス及び酸化カドミウム
の均一微細な分散によつて、放電による消耗が均
一化するため接触抵抗がより安定するからであつ
て、0.01重量％未満では酸化ビスマス及び酸化カ
ドミウムが均一微細に分散せず、１重量％を超え
るとそれ自体の偏析が増加し、接触抵抗が不安定
となる。（実施例及び従来例）下記の表に左欄に示す実施例１、２の成分組成
の材料を溶解し、アトマイズ粉となした後、600
℃、９気圧、２日間内部酸化し、この酸化アトマ
イズ粉を圧縮焼結し、これを押出、引抜加工した
後切断してヘツダー加工し、頭部径５mm、頭高
1.0mm、脚部径2.5mm、脚長2.5mmの固定接点と頭部
径４mm、頭高1.1mm、脚部径2.8mm、脚長1.6mm、頭
高球状5Rの可動接点を得た。また下記の表の左欄に示す実施例３、４の成分
組成の材料を溶解し、チツプ形状となした後、
600℃、９気圧、２日間内部酸化した後圧縮焼結
し、これを押出、引抜加工した後切断してヘツダ
ー加工し、頭部径５mm、頭高1.0mm、脚部径2.5
mm、脚長2.5mmの固定接点と頭部径４mm、頭高1.1
mm、脚部径2.8mm、脚長1.6mm、頭部球状5Rの可動
接点を得た。然してこれら実施例１〜４の電気接点材料にて
作つたリベツト型電気接点と、下記の表の左欄に
示す従来例の成分組成の材料を実施例１、２と同
じ方法で作つた同一寸法のリベツト型電気接点を
ビンジ型リレーに組み込み下記の試験条件にて開
閉試験を行つた処、下記の表の右欄に示すような
結果を得た。試験条件電圧：AC100V 50Hz 電流：投入40A、定常10A 負荷：抵抗開閉頻度：20回／分開閉回数：溶着発生迄 (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to electrical contact materials. (Prior Art and its Problems) Silver-bismuth oxide has conventionally been used as one of the electrical contact materials manufactured by internal oxidation method. Silver-bismuth oxide has contact performance such as excellent arc resistance and welding resistance, and stable contact resistance. With the narrowing of the gap, problems have arisen in welding resistance. For this reason, there is a demand for electrical contact materials with even better welding resistance. (Purpose of the Invention) The present invention has been made to meet such needs, and provides an electrical contact material that retains the stable contact resistance of the electrical contact material made of silver-bismuth oxide and has significantly improved welding resistance. This is what we intend to provide. (Means for Solving the Problems) One of the electrical contact materials of the present invention is bismuth 13~
20% by weight, cadmium 0.1~5% by weight, tin 0.5~
5% by weight of manganese, 0.5-5% by weight of manganese, and the balance of silver, and is internally oxidized. Another electrical contact material of the present invention is bismuth
13-20% by weight, cadmium 0.1-5% by weight, tin
It is a material consisting of 0.5 to 5% by weight of manganese, 0.5 to 5% by weight of manganese, and the balance silver, and is internally oxidized. In the electrical contact material of the present invention, bismuth 13~
20% by weight, cadmium 0.1~5% by weight, tin 0.5~
The reason why the content was 5% by weight and manganese was 0.5-5% by weight.
Bismuth and cadmium improve welding resistance through their low-temperature sublimation properties; less than 13% bismuth and less than 0.1% cadmium have no effect, and more than 20% bismuth lowers the melting point of the alloy too much. Internal oxidation at high temperatures becomes difficult, and if cadmium exceeds 5% by weight, the welding resistance of silver-bismuth oxide deteriorates. The purpose of tin is to change the spherical precipitation of cadmium into a needle shape and improve welding resistance.
If it is less than 5% by weight, it has no effect, and if it exceeds 5% by weight, the welding resistance improves, but when the contact is opened and closed, oxides accumulate on the contact surface, increasing contact resistance and temperature rise. Manganese is used to improve welding resistance.
If it is less than 0.5% by weight, there is no effect, and if it exceeds 5% by weight, layered precipitation will occur, resulting in high contact resistance and temperature rise. From the above, an electrical contact material with sufficiently satisfactory welding resistance can be obtained within the range of 13 to 20% by weight of bismuth, 0.1 to 5% by weight of cadmium, 0.5 to 5% by weight of tin, and 0.5 to 5% by weight of manganese. It is something. Furthermore, in another one of the electrical contact materials of the present invention, bismuth is 13 to 20% by weight, cadmium is 0.1 to 5% by weight.
The reason for adding 0.01 to 1% by weight of iron group elements other than 0.5 to 5% by weight of tin and 0.5 to 5% by weight of manganese is that when dispersed in electrical contact materials, bismuth oxide and oxidized Uniform and fine dispersion of cadmium equalizes consumption due to discharge, making the contact resistance more stable. If it is less than 0.01% by weight, bismuth oxide and cadmium oxide will not be uniformly and finely dispersed, and 1% by weight If it exceeds 100%, its own segregation will increase and the contact resistance will become unstable. (Example and conventional example) After melting the materials having the compositions of Examples 1 and 2 shown in the left column of the table below and making them into atomized powder, 600
The oxidized atomized powder was internally oxidized at ℃, 9 atm for 2 days, compressed and sintered, extruded and drawn, then cut and processed into headers, with a head diameter of 5 mm and a head height.
We obtained a fixed contact with a diameter of 1.0 mm, a leg diameter of 2.5 mm, and a leg length of 2.5 mm, and a movable contact with a head diameter of 4 mm, a head height of 1.1 mm, a leg diameter of 2.8 mm, a leg length of 1.6 mm, and a spherical 5R head height. In addition, after melting the materials having the compositions of Examples 3 and 4 shown in the left column of the table below and forming them into a chip shape,
After being internally oxidized at 600℃ and 9 atm for 2 days, it was compressed and sintered, then extruded and drawn, then cut and processed into headers.The head diameter was 5 mm, the head height was 1.0 mm, and the leg diameter was 2.5 mm.
mm, fixed contact with leg length 2.5mm and head diameter 4mm, head height 1.1
A movable contact with a diameter of 2.8 mm, a leg length of 1.6 mm, and a spherical head shape of 5R was obtained. However, rivet-type electrical contacts made from the electrical contact materials of Examples 1 to 4 and rivet-type electrical contacts made using the same method as Examples 1 and 2 using materials having the compositions of the conventional examples shown in the left column of the table below have the same dimensions. When the rivet-type electrical contacts were assembled into a binge-type relay and a switching test was conducted under the test conditions below, the results shown in the right column of the table below were obtained. Test conditions Voltage: AC100V 50Hz Current: 40A, steady 10A Load: Resistance Switching frequency: 20 times/min Number of switching: Until welding occurs

【表】上記の表で明らかなように実施例１〜４の電気
接点材料で作つたリベツト型電気接点は、従来例
の電気接点材料で作つたリベツト型電気接点に比
し、溶着発生までの開閉回数が多く耐溶着性にす
ぐれ接触抵抗も同等に低く且つばらつきが少く安
定していることがわかる。（発明の効果）以上詳記した通り本発明の電気接点材料は従来
の銀−ビスマスより成る電気接点材料と同等の安
定した接触抵抗を有し、その上耐溶着性について
は格段に向上しており、従来の電気接点材料にと
つて代わることのできる画期的なものと云える。[Table] As is clear from the table above, the rivet-type electrical contacts made with the electrical contact materials of Examples 1 to 4 had a faster welding time than the rivet-type electrical contacts made with the conventional electrical contact materials. It can be seen that the number of openings and closings is large, the welding resistance is excellent, and the contact resistance is equally low and stable with little variation. (Effects of the Invention) As detailed above, the electrical contact material of the present invention has a stable contact resistance equivalent to that of the conventional electrical contact material made of silver-bismuth, and has significantly improved welding resistance. Therefore, it can be said to be an epoch-making product that can replace conventional electrical contact materials.

Claims

[Claims] 1. Bismuth 13-20% by weight, cadmium 0.1-5
An electrical contact material consisting of 0.5-5% by weight of tin, 0.5-5% by weight of manganese, and the balance silver, and which is internally oxidized. 2 Bismuth 13-20% by weight, cadmium 0.1-5
An electrical contact material which is internally oxidized and consists of 0.5-5% by weight of tin, 0.5-5% by weight of manganese, 0.01-1% by weight of an iron group element, and the balance silver.