JPH0351966B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for incinerating food waste, which is used in small-scale housing complexes and the like, and is suitable for easily incinerating food waste near the place where the waste is generated.

Municipal waste generated from households, etc. is normally transported to large-scale incinerators and incinerated using large incinerators, but in recent years the collection and transportation of waste has increased in cost and manpower. In addition, due to factors such as deteriorating location conditions for incinerators, it is desired to incinerate waste in small incinerators near the place where the waste is generated. By the way, among municipal waste, food waste has a high water content, so it has a low calorific value and is prone to incomplete combustion.In conventional small incinerators, large amounts of harmful exhaust gas and soot are generated, polluting the environment. However, since a large amount of combustion residue is generated, it is troublesome to dispose of it. Therefore, an incineration method is also known in which food waste is carbonized in advance and the carbonized residue, which is mainly composed of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and other combustible gases produced by this carbonization, is completely combusted. However, in this incineration method, since the combustible gas mentioned above is completely combusted, the combustion equipment becomes large and its structure and control are complicated, and a large amount of air is required for complete combustion, making it difficult to achieve good combustion efficiency. There was a drawback that it wasn't.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for incinerating food waste in a clean, safe, and efficient manner using a small and simple device. That is.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention includes a carbonization process in which food waste is charged into one of two incinerators and carbonized, and a carbonization process in which food waste is charged into the other incinerator and carbonized. a first carbonization/complete combustion step in which the combustible gas generated during carbonization is introduced into the one incinerator to completely burn it together with the carbonization residue in the one incinerator; In the second carbonization and complete carbonization process, food waste is put into the furnace and carbonized, and the combustible gas generated during carbonization is introduced into the other incinerator to completely burn it together with the carbonization residue in the other incinerator. The method is characterized in that after the carbonization step is completed, the first and second carbonization/complete combustion steps are repeated in sequence.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 shows a specific example of an apparatus used in the method according to the present invention. In the same figure, 1a, 1b
1 and 2 respectively indicate incinerators that perform incineration by carbonizing and burning raw garbage in batches, and each incinerator 1a and 1b has the same structure equipped with incineration equipment such as a burner, and they are equipped with a combustion Air supply pipes 2a and 2b that supply air are connected to each other. The other ends of the air supply pipes 2a and 2b are connected to the incinerators 1a and 2b by switching combustion air between a small flow rate supply state for carbonization and a large flow rate supply state for complete combustion.
It is connected to a combustion air supply source 4 via a distribution device 3 which distributes it to 1b. The combustion air supply source 4 includes an air source 5 such as a blower, and an oxygen enricher 6 that enriches the air supplied from the air source 5 with oxygen. Oxygen-enriched membranes that allow only oxygen to pass through the air and granular zeolites that adsorb and remove oxygen from the supplied air are used to create oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen content of 80% to 90%. can be supplied to the incinerators 1a and 1b. In addition, incinerator 1
A gas flow passage 7 for circulating combustible gas is connected between a and 1b, and combustible gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, etc. generated during carbonization in one of the incinerators is introduced into the other incinerator. I am now able to do this.

Next, the method of incinerating food waste using the above-mentioned apparatus consists of a carbonization step, and first and second carbonization/complete combustion steps.

First, in the carbonization process, food waste is put into one incinerator (for example, incinerator 1a), and combustion air enriched with oxygen is sent to the oxygen enricher 6 at a small flow rate through the distribution device 3. In this step, garbage is supplied from the supply pipe 2a to the incinerator 1a and carbonized at a low temperature.

Next, the first carbonization/complete combustion step is performed in the other incinerator (in this case, incinerator 1), as shown in FIG.
b) Put food waste into the incinerator 1b and transfer the distribution device 3 to the incinerator 1b.
The combustion air is supplied to the incinerator 1a at a small flow rate, and the combustion air is supplied to the incinerator 1a at a large flow rate. Then, in the incinerator 1b, the garbage is carbonized in the same manner as described above, and since the carbonization has already been completed in the incinerator 1a, the carbonized residue is completely removed at high temperature using a large flow of combustion air. Burn it. Therefore, incinerator 1
While complete combustion is being carried out in a, the incinerator 1
Although combustible gas containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen, etc. is generated by the carbonization carried out in step b, this combustible gas is not discharged to the outside and flows through the gas flow passage 7.
is introduced into the incinerator 1a through the incinerator 1a.
In the chamber a, the combustible gas is completely combusted together with the carbonization residue mainly composed of carbide.

Furthermore, the second carbonization/complete combustion step is performed by switching the distribution device 3 to the incinerator 1a as shown in FIG.
Combustion air is supplied at a small flow rate to the incinerator 1b, and at a large flow rate to the incinerator 1b. After complete combustion, fresh garbage is introduced into the incinerator 1a and carbonized. Complete combustion of the carbonization residue takes place. At this time, the combustible gas generated in the incinerator 1a is introduced into the incinerator 1b,
There, it is completely combusted together with the carbonization residue.

Here, if the ratio of the amount of combustion air supplied by the distribution device 3 in a small flow rate state and that in a large flow rate state is set to about 3:7, carbonization can be carried out at a relatively low temperature of, for example, 400°C to 600°C. It is extremely convenient because it can be carried out at a low temperature and complete combustion can be carried out at a high temperature of about 1000°C to 1200°C.

After the above-mentioned carbonization step is completed, the first and second carbonization/complete combustion steps are sequentially repeated, thereby making it possible to quickly and efficiently incinerate the garbage. Moreover, while the first and second carbonization and complete combustion steps are repeated, the combustible gas generated during carbonization is completely combusted without being discharged to the outside, so soot and bad odors are not generated. Furthermore, since the amount of gas is extremely small compared to conventional combustion methods, the gas is easy to clean. Furthermore, combustion efficiency is improved by completely combusting the combustible gas together with the carbonization residue, enriching the combustion air with oxygen in the oxygen enricher 6, and combusting in two stages. From both incinerators 1
The combined amount of oxygen used in a and 1b is approximately the theoretical amount of oxygen.
The amount of oxygen is approximately 1.1 times that of the theoretical amount, and in the case of normal incineration methods, the amount of oxygen is generally required to be approximately 1.5 times the theoretical amount, so the amount of air used is small, so there is little loss of heat, and it is easy to raise the temperature and combust. Increased efficiency. Furthermore, after complete combustion, the combustion ash in the incinerator is sintered into granules, which can be reused, for example, as road materials.

As detailed above, the food waste incineration method according to the present invention uses two incinerators, and while carbonization is being carried out in one incinerator, complete combustion is carried out in the other incinerator, and Since carbonization is performed in the other incinerator while one incinerator is completely burning, it is possible to incinerate food waste easily and quickly using a small and easily controlled incinerator. Since the generated combustible gas is introduced into an incinerator where complete combustion is being carried out and completely combusted together with the carbonization residue, combustion efficiency is good.
The amount of exhaust gas is small, there is no risk of ash scattering, and since the ash after combustion is sintered, it can be easily disposed of.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an apparatus for implementing the garbage incineration method according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are operation explanatory diagrams showing different operating states. 1a, 1b: Incinerator, 2a, 2b: Air supply piping, 3: Distribution device, 4: Combustion air supply source, 5:
Air source, 6: Oxygen enricher, 7: Gas flow path.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A carbonization process in which food waste is put into one of the two incinerators and carbonized, and a carbonization process in which food waste is put into the other incinerator and carbonized, and the combustible gas generated during carbonization is removed. A first carbonization/complete combustion step of completely burning the waste together with the carbonization residue in the one incinerator by introducing it into the one incinerator, and carbonizing the food waste by putting it into the one incinerator, It consists of a second carbonization/complete combustion step in which the combustible gas generated during carbonization is introduced into the other incinerator and completely combusted together with the carbonization residue in the other incinerator, and after the carbonization step is completed, A method of incinerating raw garbage, characterized in that the first and second carbonization and complete combustion steps are repeated in sequence.