JPH0355531B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0355531B2 JPH0355531B2 JP22017286A JP22017286A JPH0355531B2 JP H0355531 B2 JPH0355531 B2 JP H0355531B2 JP 22017286 A JP22017286 A JP 22017286A JP 22017286 A JP22017286 A JP 22017286A JP H0355531 B2 JPH0355531 B2 JP H0355531B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- copper alloy
- core material
- outer skin
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910017767 Cu—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910017526 Cu-Cr-Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910017810 Cu—Cr—Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910017985 Cu—Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019580 Cr Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019817 Cr—Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 CuO Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910017813 Cu—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012611 container material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
- B23K35/402—Non-consumable electrodes; C-electrodes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Lead Frames For Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Description
(技術分野)
本発明は耐熱高導電性銅合金クラツド材に係
り、特に製造コストの低減が極めて有効に図られ
得て、半導体装置用リード材やスポツト溶接用電
極材等として好適に用いられ得る耐熱高導電性銅
合金クラツド材に関するものである。
(従来技術とその問題点)
一般に、半導体装置用リード線やリードフレー
ムには、高い電気伝導性を備えていることに加え
て、製造上および取付上必要な強度を有し、且つ
その強度が製造過程において施されるろう付けや
ガラス封着等の熱的処理によつても劣化しないこ
と、即ち耐熱強度にも優れていることが要求され
るが、それらのリード線やリードフレームの材料
として従来から用いられている、50Ni−Fe等の
鉄系材料や或いは純銅、銅合金等の銅系材料にあ
つては、耐熱強度を高めると導電率が低下する傾
向にあるために、満足できる特性を有するものを
得ることが極めて困難であつた。
また、スポツト溶接用材料にあつても、同様
に、高い導電率と共に優れた耐熱強度が要求され
ることとなるが、従来から用いられているCu−
Cr、Cu−Ti−Cr等の時効硬化性銅合金材料にあ
つては、その時効温度が低く、充分な耐熱強度を
有するものではなかつた。
そこで、このような問題に対処するべく、芯材
がアルミナ分散強化銅より成り、外皮材が純銅或
いは銅合金からなる、導電性および耐熱強度共に
優れた銅合金クラツド材を、上述の如き半導体装
置用リード材やスポツト溶接用材料として用いる
ことが提案されている。
ところで、このような銅合金クラツド材におけ
る芯材は、Cu−Al合金粉末をアルミナ分散強化
処理したものであり、その製造方法として、例え
ば特開昭59−31838号公報や特開昭59−153850号
公報等において、合理化された手法が種々提案さ
れているが、何れの手法にあつても、その製造工
程において、合金粉末の調製、酸化処理、還元処
理、粉砕などの多数の工程乃至は作業が必要とさ
れ、加えてその製造工程の複雑さ、面倒さなどの
ために、従来のIM法にて製造される材料に比し
て、かかる合金材料の製造コストが著しく高くな
る問題が内在しているのであり、それ故その実用
化は限定された部門に見られるに過ぎないのが現
状である。
ところが一方、近年における電気機器の小型
化、高性能化および組立ラインの自動化にともな
つて、半導体装置用リード材やスポツト溶接用電
極材に対する、優れた導電性および耐熱強度の要
求が大きくなつてきているのであり、それ故上述
の如き性能に優れた銅合金クラツド材における製
造の低コスト化が切望されているのである。
そこで、本発明者らは、このような銅合金クラ
ツド材において、芯材の使用量、即ち全断面積中
における芯材の面積比率を低減することが、製造
コストの低下に繋がるとの考えの下に、鋭意研究
を行なつた結果、以下の如き知見を得たのであ
り、それに基づいて本発明を完成するに至つたも
のである。
すなわち、上述の如き銅合金クラツド材におけ
る芯材と外皮材との断面積比率は、用途や要求さ
れる特性に応じて決定されるものであるが、実
際、芯材の外皮材に対する面積比率(使用量)
は、そのような特性に関する理論上の最小値をも
つて設定することは困難であつたのである。
例えば、半導体装置用リード線やPGA(Pin
Grid Alley)のピン材などにおいては、所定の
耐熱強度が得られればよいのであり、それ故芯材
中におけるアルミナの量を上げることによつて、
その分、強度の劣る外皮材の比率を現状のもの以
上に高めることが、特性に関する理論上は充分可
能であるのであり、またスポツト溶接用電極材に
おいても、溶接に際して、被溶接材に接して高温
に晒されるのは、一般に、その断面における中心
部の6〜8mmφ程度の部分だけであつて、この部
分にのみ耐熱強度が要求され、残部には高導電性
のみが要求されるものであるところから、その特
性上要求される芯材の断面積率は、通常、25%程
度で充分なのである。
ところが、このような銅合金クラツド材におい
ては、芯材たるアルミナ分散強化銅と外皮材たる
銅乃至は銅合金との、高温下での変形抵抗が著し
く異なるために、芯材の面積比率をそのような特
性に関する理論上の最小値をもつて設定した場合
には、熱間押出時に芯材の破断が発生することと
なるのであり、それ故良好なクラツド材を得るた
めには、芯材の断面積比率をより大きくする必要
があつたのであり、その必要最小面積比率はAl
量が少ない場合で40%程度に、そしてAl量の増
大に伴つて60〜70%に迄増加することとなるので
ある。
(解決手段)
ここにおいて、本発明は、上述の如き事情を背
景として為されたものであつて、その特徴とする
ところは、重量で0.15%〜1%のアルミニウムを
含み、残部が銅よりなる銅合金を内部酸化処理し
て得られた、銅マトリクス中にアルミナ粒子が微
細に分散せしめられてなる分散強化銅材料からな
る芯材と、該芯材の該表面を覆う、重量で0.03%
〜0.40%のジルコニウムを含む銅合金からなる外
皮とから構成されてなる耐熱高導電性銅合金クラ
ツド材にある。
そしてまた、本発明にあつては、重量で0.15%
〜1%のアルミニウムを含み、残部が銅よりなる
銅合金を内部酸化処理して得られた、銅マトリク
ス中にアルミナ粒子が微細に分散せしめられてな
る分散強化銅材料からなる芯材と、該芯材の外表
面を覆う、重量で0.03%〜0.10%のジルコニウム
と0.3%〜1.5%のクロムとを含む銅合金とからな
る外皮とから構成されてなる耐熱高導電性銅合金
クラツド材をも、その特徴とするものである。
(具体的構成)
ところで、かかる本発明に従うクラツド材にお
ける芯材を構成する分散強化銅材料は、重量で
0.15〜1%のアルミニウムを含み、残部が銅より
なる銅合金を内部酸化処理して、製造されること
となる。なお、かかる銅合金におけるアルミニウ
ム含有量が0.15重量%よりも少なくなると、内部
酸化による強度、耐熱強度の向上が殆ど期待でき
ず、また1重量%を越えるようになると、目的と
するクラツド材への加工、特に熱間押出加工性が
低下する等の問題を惹起するようになる。
そして、このようなアルミニウム含有量の銅合
金は、ガスアトマイズ法や粉砕法等の公知の粉末
化手法に従つて所定の銅合金粉末とされ、或いは
その鋳塊の圧延による公知の金沿箔製造工程に従
つて所定の銅合金箔とされることとなる。
次いで、このようにして得られた銅合金粉末ま
たは銅合金箔は、通常の手法に従つて、内部酸化
処理される。例えば、先ず、酸化性雰囲気下にお
いて、一般に空気中において、加熱処理されるこ
とにより予備酸化せしめられ、これによつて銅合
金粉末若しくは箔中のアルミニウム成分が酸化さ
れるようにして、アルミナ(Al2O3)と為し得る
酸素量に相当する酸素を、酸化物、特にCu2O、
CuOの如き銅酸化物として含む粉末乃至は箔とさ
れた後、一般に、雰囲気としては、Arガスなど
の不活性なガスからなる雰囲気の下において、更
に高温に加熱せしめることにより、かかる銅合金
粉末若しくは箔中のアルミニウムに対する選択的
な内部酸化処理が進行せしめられることとなる。
勿論、この内部酸化処理手法としては、その他各
種の方法が提案されており、本発明では、その何
れをも採用することが可能であり、例えば銅合金
粉末の予備酸化処理に代えて、その一部を酸化処
理したり、また他の銅酸化物を酸化剤として配合
せしめたりする手法などが適宜ち採用されるので
ある。
そして、このような内部酸化処理された銅合金
粉末または箔は、銅マトリクス中にアルミナ分子
が分散せしめられてなる、目的とする分散強化銅
材料となつているのであるが、このような材料に
は、必要に応じて、それに存在する銅酸化物を還
元するために、還元雰囲気、例えば水素雰囲気中
において500〜950℃程度の温度に加熱することか
らなる還元処理が施される。
また、上記の如く銅合金箔から得られた分散強
化銅材料(箔)は、それから所定の芯材に加工す
るために、前記の還元処理に先立つて或いはその
後に、または内部酸化処理の過程において、所定
の小片乃至は細片と為す切断加工が施されること
となる。この切断加工は、スリツター、シヤカツ
ター等の適当な切断装置を用いて行なわれ、一般
に幅寸法が5〜50mm程度の細片となるように切断
せしめられて、芯材加工に供されるのである。
そして、かくして得られた粉末形態若しくは箔
切断物形態の分散強化銅材料は、そのままで、或
いは通常の手法に従つて所定形状の圧縮成形体と
された後、適当な形状を有するCu−Zr合金乃至
はCu−Cr−Zr合金製の容器内に封入せしめられ、
そして脱気された後、その状態下において目的と
する製品形態(成形体)を得るべく所定の熱間加
工、例えば熱間押出が実施される。そして、この
熱間加工によつて、圧縮成形体は、それを収容す
る容器の材料を外皮として有する線材、棒材、板
材等の所定形状の加工材となるが、この加工材に
は、またそのような熱間加工の後に必要に応じて
冷間加工、抽伸加工等が施されて、目的とするク
ラツド材に仕上げられることとなるのである。
ところで、このような熱間加工に従つて、分散
強化銅材料を、それを収容する容器ごと、所定の
形状に加工することにより、得られた加工材は、
かかる分散強化銅材料が芯材となる一方、この芯
材の外表面を覆う、前記容器の材料からなる外皮
が形成されてなるクラツド材構造となるが、本発
明において、この外皮を与える容器材料として用
いられるCu−Zr合金としては、ジルコニウムを
0.03〜0.40重量%の割合で含む銅合金が、またCu
−Cr−Zr合金としては、ジルコニウムを0.03〜
0.10重量%の割合で含み且つクロムを0.3〜1.5重
量%の割合で含む銅合金が、それぞれ用いられる
こととなる。
すなわち、このような成分組成を有するCu−
Zr合金は、高温下における変形抵抗が大きな銅
合金であり、且つ500〜800℃での熱処理(ろう付
けやガラス封着或いは溶接等)によつて、その導
電率がIACS値で90%以上に回復され得るのであ
る。なお、かかる銅合金において、Zrの含有量
が0.03重量%よりも少なくなると、充分なる変形
抵抗値が得られず、また0.40重量%よりも多くな
ると、導電率が低下するために、望ましくない。
また上述の如き成分組成を有するCu−Cr−Zr
合金にあつても、上記Cu−Cr合金よりも大きな
変形抵抗値を有しており、且つ500〜800℃での熱
処理によつて、その導電率がIACS値で80%以上
に回復され得るのである。なお、かかる銅合金に
おいて、Zrの含有量が0.03重量%よりも少ない場
合、或いはCrの含有量が0.3重量%よりも少ない
場合には、充分なる変形抵抗値が得られず、また
Zrの含有量が0.10重量%よりも多い場合、或いは
Crの含有量が1.5重量%よりも多い場合には、充
分な導電率を得ることができないうえ、巨大な初
晶の密度が増して金属組織が不均一となるため
に、望ましくない。
そしてまた、このような成分組成とされた銅合
金にあつては、何れも、前記クラツド材の製造工
程において、溶体化処理および水冷処理を実施し
なくても、熱間押出後の空冷によつて焼きが入
り、500℃程度の熱処理によつて強度が回復され
得ることとなるのである。なお、これらの銅合金
は、その熱処理温度として500℃程度が最も好ま
しく、それによつて強度の回復が極めて良好に為
され得ることとなるが、かかる熱処理温度が700
℃以上の場合であつても、純銅に比べると大きな
強度を得ることが可能である。
従つて、上述の如き銅合金を外皮材として用い
ることによつて、外皮材の芯材との変形抵抗値の
差が有効に縮小され得、それによつて熱間押出加
工時における芯材の破断を防止しつつ、該芯材の
比率(使用量)を小さくし、目的とするクラツド
材の特性に関する理論上の最小値に近づけること
が可能となるのであり、以てかかるクラツド材に
おける製造コストの低下が効果的に達成され得る
こととなるのである。なお、かかる外皮材は、前
述の如く、熱処理によつて優れた導電性および耐
熱強度を回復し得るものであるところから、分散
強化銅材料からなる芯材の使用比率が小さくされ
ることによつて、かかるクラツド材における導電
性および耐熱強度の大きな低下が惹起されるよう
なこともないのである。
ところで、本発明に係るクラツド材にあつて
は、その芯材におけるクラツド材全断面積に対す
る断面積率が50%以下となるように形成すること
が、特に好ましい。けだし、このような芯材比率
をもつて形成されたクラツド材にあつては、前述
の如き芯材のAl量および外皮材の組成をもつて
充分なる強度および導電性が発揮され得て、本発
明の大きな目的たる製造コストの低下がより効果
的に達成され得ることとなるのである。そして、
そのために、かかるクラツド材を製造するに際し
て、外皮材を構成する銅合金管としては、その中
空内面積が、該中空部を含む全断面積の50%以下
とされた肉厚を有する管体が、好適に用いられる
こととなる。
(発明の効果)
従つて、このような本発明に従うクラツド材に
あつては、優れた導電性および耐熱強度を維持し
つつ、芯材の外皮材に対する使用比率を低減する
ことが可能となるのであり、それによつてCu−
Al合金粉末の使用量が減少され得て、アトマイ
ズ粉末製造、酸化処理、還元処理および粉砕作業
等のビレツト製造工数の減少が有効に図られ得る
こととなるところから、その製造コストの低減が
極めて効果的に達成され得ることとなるのであ
る。
また、かかるクラツド材にあつては、その外皮
材に対して、特別な熱処理を施さなくても、その
使用時に施されるろう付け等の熱処理によつて、
優れた導電性と耐熱強度が発揮されるといつた利
点をも有するのである。
そして、本発明に係るクラツド材にあつては、
製造コストの有効な低減を図り得たところから、
従来、製造コストが高いために性能上優れている
ことがわかつていたにも拘わらず、その実用化が
見送られていたCu−Al2O3分散強化合金材料から
なる芯材を有する銅合金クラツド材が、各種の分
野に安価に供給され得、特に半導体装置用リード
線やリードフレーム、或いはスポツト溶接用電極
などに用いられることによつて、その製品たる装
置乃至は機器の性能向上が効果的に図られ得るこ
ととなるのである。
(実施例)
以下に、本発明を更に具体的に明らかにするた
めに、本発明の実施例を挙げることとするが、本
発明がかかる実施例の記載によつて何等の制約を
も受けるものではないことは、言うまでもないと
ころである。
また、本発明には、以下の実施例の他にも、更
には上記の具体的記述以外にも、本発明の趣旨を
逸脱しない限りにおいて、当業者の知識に基づい
て種々なる変更を加えた形態において実施され得
るものであることが理解されるべきである。
先ず、0.17〜1.2重量%の種々なるAl含有量を
有する、それぞれのCu−Al合金溶湯を用いて、
通常のArガスアトマイズ手法にて、粒径が297μ
m以下の銅合金粉末を作製した。
そして、これらの銅合金粉末に対して、それぞ
れの含有Al量に応じて、以下に述べるA法或い
はB法の何れかの手法にて、それぞれ酸化処理を
施して、耐熱性を有する内部酸化処理強化粉末と
した。
A法:銅合金(Cu−Al)粉末のうちの所定量を
取り出して、それに予備酸化を施した後、該予
備酸化物を元の銅合金粉末に対して所定の割合
にて混合せしめ、更にこの混合粉末を、Arガ
ス中において950℃×3時間焼純することによ
り、元の合金粉末中のAlを、予備酸化物の
Cu2OによりAl2O3に変換することによる酸化
処理手法。なお、元の銅合金粉末と予備酸化物
との混合比は、950℃程度の高温に加熱した際、
Alが超微小のAl2O3に変換するように、予め求
めたデータに基づいた。
B法:銅合金(Cu−Al)粉末を、一旦、350℃×
1時間程度の低温で表面酸化させた後、Arガ
ス中において950℃×3時間焼鈍することによ
り、銅合金粉末中のAlをCu2O、CuOによつ
て、Al2O3に酸化せしめ、更にその後、800℃
のH2気流中で1時間還元処理することにより、
残存する過剰のCu2O、CuOを還元することに
よる酸化処理手法。
即ち、A法はB法に比して、還元所流が不要と
されるために、かかる酸化処理が容易ではある
が、元の銅合金粉末中のAl量が多くなるにつれ
て、予備酸化物が多く必要となり、Arガス中に
おける高温下での焼鈍後に未反応で残存する
Cu2O、CuOの最も増大することとなるのであり、
そしてこれらの残存量が限界値を越した場合に
は、後の冷間抽伸加工性の低下乃至は抽伸切れを
惹起することとなるところから、例えばその含有
Al量が0.4重量%以上の場合には、予め銅合金の
全量を酸化せしめた後、更に余剰の酸化物を還元
処理にて取り除くB法が好適に採用されることと
なるのであり、本実施例においても、それぞれの
合金粉末のAl量に応じて、両手法を選択、採用
するものである。
その後、この得られたそれぞれの酸化処理粉末
を、外径:68mm、長さ:150mm、肉厚:8〜15mm
のCu−Zr合金管、乃至はCu−Cr−Zr合金管内に
充填して、更に950℃に加熱した後、ダイスを通
じて熱管押出を行なうことにより16mmφの押出棒
を得た。なお、この熱管押出は、テーパ加工ダイ
スを用い、仰角:60度、押出速度:1〜2m/分
にて行なつた。そして、これらの得られた押出棒
について、その外観を観察し、その結果を下記第
1表に示した。なお、かかる押出棒の外観不良
は、何れも芯材のカツピング割れによるものであ
つた。
さらに、このようにして得られた、それぞれの
押出棒を用いて、冷間加工を施すことによつて、
0.76mmφの線材に仕上げた。そして、それらの線
材に対して750℃×30分の焼鈍を行なつた後、そ
れぞれの線材における強度および導電率を測定
し、その結果を第1表に併せ示した。なお、強度
としては、ステイフネス値および芯部硬さの測定
を行なうこととし、ここでステイフネス値として
は、ASTM試験法F13号によるモーメント方式の
試験機を用い、試料セツト長さを170mmとして、
その端部に10gの荷重を作用せしめた際の試料の
曲がり角度にて強度を評価した。また、導電率と
しては、純銅を100とした場合の導電率たる、
IACS値で示すこととする。
また、比較のために、外皮材として無酸素銅
(OFC)を用いたものについても、それぞれ同様
に観察、測定を行ない、その結果を従来品として
第1表に併せ示した。
(Technical Field) The present invention relates to a heat-resistant and highly conductive copper alloy clad material, which can particularly effectively reduce manufacturing costs and can be suitably used as a lead material for semiconductor devices, an electrode material for spot welding, etc. This invention relates to a heat-resistant and highly conductive copper alloy clad material. (Prior art and its problems) In general, lead wires and lead frames for semiconductor devices have not only high electrical conductivity but also the strength required for manufacturing and installation. Materials for lead wires and lead frames are required to not deteriorate even when subjected to thermal treatments such as brazing and glass sealing during the manufacturing process, that is, to have excellent heat resistance strength. Conventionally used iron-based materials such as 50Ni-Fe, or copper-based materials such as pure copper and copper alloys, have satisfactory characteristics because increasing their heat resistance tends to lower their electrical conductivity. It was extremely difficult to obtain one with this. Similarly, materials for spot welding are required to have high electrical conductivity and excellent heat resistance.
Age-hardenable copper alloy materials such as Cr and Cu-Ti-Cr have low aging temperatures and do not have sufficient heat resistance strength. Therefore, in order to deal with such problems, a copper alloy clad material with excellent conductivity and heat resistance strength, in which the core material is made of alumina dispersion-strengthened copper and the outer skin material is made of pure copper or a copper alloy, is used for semiconductor devices such as those described above. It has been proposed to be used as a lead material for industrial applications and as a material for spot welding. Incidentally, the core material in such a copper alloy clad material is made by subjecting Cu-Al alloy powder to alumina dispersion strengthening treatment, and its manufacturing method is described, for example, in JP-A-59-31838 and JP-A-59-153850. Various streamlined methods have been proposed in publications such as the above, but each method requires numerous steps or operations such as preparation of alloy powder, oxidation treatment, reduction treatment, and pulverization in the manufacturing process. In addition, due to the complexity and troublesomeness of the manufacturing process, there is an inherent problem that the manufacturing cost of such alloy materials is significantly higher than that of materials manufactured by the conventional IM method. Therefore, the current situation is that its practical application is only seen in a limited number of sectors. However, with the miniaturization and higher performance of electrical equipment and the automation of assembly lines in recent years, there has been an increasing demand for superior conductivity and heat resistance for lead materials for semiconductor devices and electrode materials for spot welding. Therefore, there is a strong desire to reduce the manufacturing cost of copper alloy clad materials with excellent performance as described above. Therefore, the present inventors believe that reducing the amount of core material used, that is, the area ratio of the core material to the total cross-sectional area, will lead to lower manufacturing costs in such copper alloy clad materials. As a result of intensive research, we have obtained the following knowledge, and based on this we have completed the present invention. In other words, the cross-sectional area ratio of the core material to the outer skin material in the above-mentioned copper alloy clad material is determined depending on the application and required characteristics, but in reality, the area ratio of the core material to the outer skin material ( amount to use)
It has been difficult to set a theoretical minimum value for such characteristics. For example, lead wires for semiconductor devices and PGA (Pin
For pin materials such as Grid Alley, it is sufficient to obtain a predetermined heat resistance strength, so by increasing the amount of alumina in the core material,
Therefore, it is theoretically possible to increase the ratio of the outer skin material, which has inferior strength, compared to the current one, and it is also possible to increase the ratio of the outer skin material, which has inferior strength, compared to the current one, and also for spot welding electrode materials, it is possible to Generally, only the central 6 to 8 mm diameter portion of the cross section is exposed to high temperatures, and only this portion is required to have heat-resistant strength, and the rest only requires high conductivity. Therefore, the cross-sectional area ratio of the core material required for its properties is usually about 25%. However, in such copper alloy clad materials, the deformation resistance at high temperatures between the core material, alumina dispersion strengthened copper, and the outer skin material, copper or copper alloy, is significantly different in deformation resistance. If the theoretical minimum value for such properties is set, the core material will break during hot extrusion, so in order to obtain a good cladding material, it is necessary to It was necessary to increase the cross-sectional area ratio, and the required minimum area ratio was Al
When the amount of Al is small, it increases to about 40%, and as the amount of Al increases, it increases to 60 to 70%. (Solution Means) Here, the present invention has been made against the background of the above-mentioned circumstances, and is characterized by containing 0.15% to 1% aluminum by weight, and the remainder being copper. A core material made of a dispersion-strengthened copper material in which alumina particles are finely dispersed in a copper matrix obtained by internal oxidation treatment of a copper alloy, and 0.03% by weight covering the surface of the core material.
It is a heat-resistant and highly conductive copper alloy clad material consisting of an outer skin made of a copper alloy containing ~0.40% zirconium. Also, in the present invention, 0.15% by weight
A core material made of a dispersion-strengthened copper material in which alumina particles are finely dispersed in a copper matrix obtained by internal oxidation treatment of a copper alloy containing ~1% aluminum and the remainder copper; Heat-resistant and highly conductive copper alloy clad material consisting of an outer skin made of a copper alloy containing 0.03% to 0.10% zirconium and 0.3% to 1.5% chromium by weight, which covers the outer surface of the core material. , is its characteristic. (Specific structure) By the way, the dispersion-strengthened copper material constituting the core material in the clad material according to the present invention has a
It is manufactured by internally oxidizing a copper alloy containing 0.15 to 1% aluminum and the remainder copper. Furthermore, if the aluminum content in such a copper alloy is less than 0.15% by weight, little improvement in strength and heat resistance due to internal oxidation can be expected, and if it exceeds 1% by weight, it may be difficult to form the desired cladding material. Processing, especially hot extrusion processability, deteriorates. Then, the copper alloy having such an aluminum content is made into a prescribed copper alloy powder by a known powdering method such as a gas atomization method or a pulverization method, or by a known gold foil manufacturing process by rolling the ingot. Accordingly, the copper alloy foil is made into a specified copper alloy foil. The copper alloy powder or copper alloy foil thus obtained is then subjected to internal oxidation treatment according to a conventional method. For example, first, alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and the amount of oxygen that can be produced by using oxides, especially Cu 2 O,
After being made into powder or foil containing copper oxide such as CuO, the copper alloy powder is generally heated to a higher temperature in an atmosphere consisting of an inert gas such as Ar gas. Alternatively, selective internal oxidation treatment for aluminum in the foil will proceed.
Of course, various other methods have been proposed as this internal oxidation treatment method, and the present invention can adopt any of them. For example, instead of pre-oxidation treatment of copper alloy powder, Techniques such as oxidizing the copper oxide or incorporating other copper oxides as an oxidizing agent are employed as appropriate. Such internally oxidized copper alloy powder or foil has alumina molecules dispersed in a copper matrix, making it the desired dispersion-strengthened copper material. is subjected to a reduction treatment consisting of heating to a temperature of about 500 to 950° C. in a reducing atmosphere, for example, a hydrogen atmosphere, in order to reduce copper oxides present therein, if necessary. In addition, the dispersion-strengthened copper material (foil) obtained from the copper alloy foil as described above may be processed into a predetermined core material prior to or after the reduction treatment, or in the process of internal oxidation treatment. Then, a cutting process is performed to form a predetermined small piece or thin piece. This cutting process is carried out using a suitable cutting device such as a slitter or shear cutter, and the pieces are generally cut into strips having a width of about 5 to 50 mm, which are then used for processing the core material. The thus obtained dispersion-strengthened copper material in the form of powder or cut foil is used as it is, or after being made into a compression molded body of a predetermined shape according to a conventional method, a Cu-Zr alloy having an appropriate shape is formed. or enclosed in a container made of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy,
After being degassed, a predetermined hot processing, for example hot extrusion, is carried out in order to obtain the desired product form (molded body) under this condition. Through this hot processing, the compression molded product becomes a processed material of a predetermined shape, such as a wire, bar, plate, etc., which has the material of the container that houses it as an outer skin, but this processed material also contains After such hot working, cold working, drawing, etc. are performed as necessary, and the desired clad material is finished. By the way, according to such hot processing, the processed material obtained by processing the dispersion-strengthened copper material into a predetermined shape for each container containing it is as follows:
The dispersion-strengthened copper material serves as a core material, while a cladding structure is formed in which an outer skin made of the material of the container is formed to cover the outer surface of the core material.In the present invention, the container material that provides this outer skin is Zirconium is the Cu-Zr alloy used as
Copper alloy containing 0.03~0.40% by weight, but also Cu
−As a Cr-Zr alloy, zirconium is 0.03~
Copper alloys containing 0.10% by weight and 0.3-1.5% by weight of chromium will be used, respectively. In other words, Cu-
Zr alloy is a copper alloy with high deformation resistance at high temperatures, and through heat treatment at 500 to 800℃ (brazing, glass sealing, welding, etc.), its electrical conductivity increases to 90% or more in terms of IACS value. It can be restored. In this copper alloy, if the Zr content is less than 0.03% by weight, a sufficient deformation resistance value cannot be obtained, and if it is more than 0.40% by weight, the electrical conductivity decreases, which is not desirable. In addition, Cu-Cr-Zr having the above-mentioned composition
Even though it is an alloy, it has a higher deformation resistance value than the above-mentioned Cu-Cr alloy, and its conductivity can be recovered to an IACS value of 80% or more by heat treatment at 500 to 800°C. be. In addition, in such a copper alloy, if the Zr content is less than 0.03% by weight, or if the Cr content is less than 0.3% by weight, a sufficient deformation resistance value cannot be obtained, or
If the Zr content is more than 0.10% by weight, or
If the Cr content is more than 1.5% by weight, it is not desirable because sufficient electrical conductivity cannot be obtained and the density of giant primary crystals increases, making the metal structure non-uniform. Furthermore, in the case of copper alloys having such compositions, they can be easily cooled by air cooling after hot extrusion, even without solution treatment and water cooling treatment in the manufacturing process of the clad material. This means that the strength can be restored by heat treatment at about 500°C. The most preferable heat treatment temperature for these copper alloys is about 500°C, which allows for extremely good recovery of strength.
Even when the temperature is above ℃, it is possible to obtain greater strength than pure copper. Therefore, by using the above-mentioned copper alloy as the outer skin material, the difference in deformation resistance between the outer skin material and the core material can be effectively reduced, thereby preventing breakage of the core material during hot extrusion. While preventing this, it is possible to reduce the ratio (amount used) of the core material and approach the theoretical minimum value for the desired properties of the clad material, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the clad material. This means that the reduction can be effectively achieved. As mentioned above, the excellent conductivity and heat-resistant strength of this outer skin material can be restored through heat treatment, so by reducing the proportion of the core material made of dispersion-strengthened copper material, Therefore, there is no possibility that the electrical conductivity and heat resistance strength of such cladding materials will be greatly reduced. By the way, it is particularly preferable for the clad material according to the present invention to be formed so that the cross-sectional area ratio of the core material to the total cross-sectional area of the clad material is 50% or less. However, in the case of a clad material formed with such a core material ratio, sufficient strength and conductivity can be exhibited with the amount of Al in the core material and the composition of the outer skin material as described above. The major objective of the invention, which is a reduction in manufacturing costs, can be achieved more effectively. and,
Therefore, when manufacturing such a clad material, the copper alloy tube constituting the outer skin material must have a wall thickness such that the hollow internal area is 50% or less of the total cross-sectional area including the hollow part. , will be suitably used. (Effects of the Invention) Therefore, in the clad material according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the usage ratio of the core material to the outer skin material while maintaining excellent conductivity and heat resistance strength. Yes, and thereby Cu−
Since the amount of Al alloy powder used can be reduced and billet manufacturing man-hours such as atomized powder manufacturing, oxidation treatment, reduction treatment, and crushing operations can be effectively reduced, the manufacturing cost can be extremely reduced. This can be achieved effectively. In addition, in the case of such clad materials, even if the outer skin material is not subjected to any special heat treatment, heat treatment such as brazing applied at the time of use can
It also has the advantage of exhibiting excellent electrical conductivity and heat resistance strength. As for the clad material according to the present invention,
Since we were able to effectively reduce manufacturing costs,
Copper alloy cladding with a core material made of Cu-Al 2 O 3 dispersion-strengthened alloy material has traditionally been put off for practical use despite its high manufacturing cost and its superior performance. The materials can be supplied at low cost to various fields, and can be used for lead wires and lead frames for semiconductor devices, electrodes for spot welding, etc., thereby effectively improving the performance of the devices and equipment that are the products. This can be achieved in the following way. (Examples) In order to clarify the present invention more specifically, Examples of the present invention will be given below, but the present invention is not limited in any way by the description of such Examples. It goes without saying that this is not the case. Furthermore, in addition to the following examples and the above-mentioned specific description, various changes may be made to the present invention based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the invention can be implemented in any format. First, using various Cu-Al alloy melts with various Al contents from 0.17 to 1.2% by weight,
Particle size is 297μ using normal Ar gas atomization method.
Copper alloy powder of less than m was produced. Then, these copper alloy powders are subjected to oxidation treatment using either method A or method B described below depending on the amount of Al contained in each powder, resulting in heat-resistant internal oxidation treatment. It was made into a reinforced powder. Method A: After taking out a predetermined amount of copper alloy (Cu-Al) powder and pre-oxidizing it, the pre-oxidation is mixed with the original copper alloy powder at a pre-determined ratio, and then By annealing this mixed powder in Ar gas at 950°C for 3 hours, Al in the original alloy powder is removed from the preliminary oxide.
Oxidation treatment method by converting Cu 2 O to Al 2 O 3 . The mixing ratio of the original copper alloy powder and the preliminary oxide is as follows: When heated to a high temperature of about 950℃,
This was based on data obtained in advance so that Al would be converted to ultra-fine Al 2 O 3 . Method B: Copper alloy (Cu-Al) powder is heated at 350℃
After surface oxidation at a low temperature for about 1 hour, annealing in Ar gas at 950°C for 3 hours oxidizes Al in the copper alloy powder to Al 2 O 3 with Cu 2 O and CuO, After that, 800℃
By reduction treatment for 1 hour in a H2 stream of
An oxidation treatment method that reduces remaining excess Cu 2 O and CuO. That is, compared to Method B, method A does not require a reduction stream, so the oxidation treatment is easier, but as the amount of Al in the original copper alloy powder increases, the amount of preliminary oxide increases. A large amount is required and remains unreacted after annealing at high temperatures in Ar gas.
Cu 2 O, CuO will increase the most,
If the remaining amount of these substances exceeds the limit value, it may cause a decrease in cold drawing processability or breakage of the drawing afterward, so for example, their content may be reduced.
When the amount of Al is 0.4% by weight or more, method B is preferably adopted in which the entire amount of copper alloy is oxidized in advance and then excess oxide is removed by reduction treatment. In the example as well, both methods are selected and adopted depending on the amount of Al in each alloy powder. After that, each of the obtained oxidation-treated powders was divided into
The mixture was filled into a Cu-Zr alloy tube or a Cu-Cr-Zr alloy tube, further heated to 950°C, and then hot tube extruded through a die to obtain an extruded rod with a diameter of 16 mm. Note that this hot tube extrusion was performed using a tapered die at an elevation angle of 60 degrees and an extrusion speed of 1 to 2 m/min. The external appearance of the obtained extruded rods was observed, and the results are shown in Table 1 below. Incidentally, the appearance defects of the extruded rods were all due to cutting cracks in the core material. Furthermore, by cold working using each extruded rod obtained in this way,
Finished with a wire rod of 0.76mmφ. After annealing these wires at 750° C. for 30 minutes, the strength and conductivity of each wire were measured, and the results are also shown in Table 1. In addition, as for strength, we will measure the stiffness value and core hardness. Here, the stiffness value is determined using a moment method testing machine according to ASTM test method No. F13, with a sample set length of 170 mm.
The strength was evaluated based on the bending angle of the sample when a load of 10 g was applied to the end. In addition, the electrical conductivity is the electrical conductivity when pure copper is set as 100.
It shall be indicated by IACS value. For comparison, similar observations and measurements were also conducted on products using oxygen-free copper (OFC) as the outer skin material, and the results are also shown in Table 1 as conventional products.
【表】
かかる第1表から明らかなように、本発明品
(No.1〜4)にあつては、何れも、押出結果が良
好であり、線材の熱処理(焼鈍)後の強度として
も、ステイフネス値が2〜46度で、充分に実用に
耐え得るものであると共に、導電率にあつても、
IACS値で84%以上であり、導電材料として充分
なる特性を有するものであることが確認された。
一方、比較品のうち、No.5〜7は外皮材(銅合
金管)の成分が、またNo.8および9は芯材(銅合
金粉末)中のAl量が、それぞれ本発明の範囲か
ら外れるものであるが、第1表から有らかなよう
に、No.8以外は押出不良で冷間加工に供し得ず、
またNo.8の線材にあつても、ステイフネス値が50
度以上と強度不足であつた。
また、無酸素銅(OFC)を外皮材として用い
た従来品にあつては、No.10は強度不足、No.11は押
出不良であり、これらは何れも、その特性が本発
明品に比して極めて劣るものであつた。[Table] As is clear from Table 1, all of the products of the present invention (Nos. 1 to 4) had good extrusion results, and the strength after heat treatment (annealing) of the wire rods was also good. The stiffness value is 2 to 46 degrees, which is sufficient for practical use, and the conductivity is also
It was confirmed that the IACS value was 84% or more, and that it had sufficient characteristics as a conductive material. On the other hand, among the comparative products, Nos. 5 to 7 have the components of the outer skin material (copper alloy tube), and Nos. 8 and 9 have the amount of Al in the core material (copper alloy powder) within the range of the present invention. However, as is clear from Table 1, all other than No. 8 cannot be subjected to cold working due to poor extrusion.
Also, even for No. 8 wire, the stiffness value is 50.
It was over 30 degrees and lacked strength. In addition, regarding conventional products that use oxygen-free copper (OFC) as the outer skin material, No. 10 has insufficient strength and No. 11 has poor extrusion, and both of these have properties compared to the products of the present invention. It was extremely inferior.
Claims (1)
残部が銅よりなる銅合金を内部酸化処理して得ら
れた、銅マトリクス中にアルミナ粒子が微細に分
散せしめられてなる分散強化銅材料からなる芯材
と、該芯材の外表面を覆う、重量で0.03%〜0.40
%のジルコニウムを含む銅合金からなる外皮とか
ら構成されてなる耐熱高導電性銅合金クラツド
材。 2 前記芯材が、50%を越えない断面積率におい
て前記外皮にて覆われている特許請求の範囲第1
項記載の銅合金クラツド材。 3 重量で0.15%〜1%のアルミニウムを含み、
残部が銅よりなる銅合金を内部酸化処理して得ら
れた、銅マトリクス中にアルミナ粒子が微細に分
散せしめられてなる分散強化銅材料からなる芯材
と、該芯材の外表面を覆う、重量で0.03%〜0.10
%のジルコニウムと0.3%〜1.5%のクロムとを含
む銅合金からなる外皮とから構成されてなる耐熱
高導電性銅合金クラツド材。 4 前記芯材が、50%を越えない断面積率におい
て前記外皮にて覆われている特許請求の範囲第3
項記載の銅合金クラツド材。[Claims] 1. Contains 0.15% to 1% aluminum by weight,
A core material made of a dispersion-strengthened copper material in which alumina particles are finely dispersed in a copper matrix obtained by internal oxidation treatment of a copper alloy in which the remainder is copper, and covering the outer surface of the core material. 0.03%~0.40 by weight
A heat-resistant and highly conductive copper alloy clad material consisting of an outer skin made of a copper alloy containing % zirconium. 2. Claim 1, wherein the core material is covered with the outer skin at a cross-sectional area ratio not exceeding 50%.
Copper alloy clad material as described in section. 3 Contains 0.15% to 1% aluminum by weight,
A core material made of a dispersion-strengthened copper material in which alumina particles are finely dispersed in a copper matrix obtained by internal oxidation treatment of a copper alloy in which the remainder is copper, and covering the outer surface of the core material. 0.03%~0.10 by weight
A heat-resistant and highly conductive copper alloy clad material consisting of an outer skin made of a copper alloy containing % zirconium and 0.3% to 1.5% chromium. 4. Claim 3, wherein the core material is covered with the outer skin at a cross-sectional area ratio not exceeding 50%.
Copper alloy clad material as described in section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22017286A JPS6376774A (en) | 1986-09-18 | 1986-09-18 | Heat resistant high electrical conductivity copper alloy clad material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22017286A JPS6376774A (en) | 1986-09-18 | 1986-09-18 | Heat resistant high electrical conductivity copper alloy clad material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6376774A JPS6376774A (en) | 1988-04-07 |
| JPH0355531B2 true JPH0355531B2 (en) | 1991-08-23 |
Family
ID=16747013
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22017286A Granted JPS6376774A (en) | 1986-09-18 | 1986-09-18 | Heat resistant high electrical conductivity copper alloy clad material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6376774A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8129036B2 (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2012-03-06 | Hamilton Sundstrand Space Systems International, Inc. | High strength and high thermal conductivity heat transfer apparatus |
| US10300531B2 (en) | 2016-02-10 | 2019-05-28 | Luvata Ohio, Inc. | Methods of manufacturing composite materials, composite wires, and welding electrodes |
| CN109825733B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2021-02-19 | 中南大学 | Short-process preparation method of dispersion-strengthened copper alloy |
| CN114959343B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2024-03-29 | 河南科技大学 | A forging molding method of alumina dispersion-strengthened copper-based composite material, composite billet |
-
1986
- 1986-09-18 JP JP22017286A patent/JPS6376774A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6376774A (en) | 1988-04-07 |
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