JPH0356734A - Energy absorbing device for structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain stable and effective energy absorbing characteristics by providing an energy absorbing part, enclosing an energy absorbing substance, at the center in a circular space between a housing and a rod, and providing sliding parts between the housing and the rod. CONSTITUTION:An energy absorbing apparatus S has an energy absorbing part 3 with lead P enclosed provided at the center of a circular space between a cylinder 1 and a rod 2. Further, it includes first and second sliding parts provided facing each other via the energy absorbing part 3 in the circular space between the cylinder 1 and the rod 2. Thus in the energy absorbing part 3, plastic fluid substance is subjected to shear deformation in multilayers thereby obtaining large energy absorbing characteristics.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] a. Purpose of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a so-called energy absorption device for structures that absorbs deformation energy such as earthquakes that acts on structures such as buildings and piping, and particularly relates to an energy absorption device of the Ninda type. More specifically, the present invention relates to an energy absorbing device that utilizes the energy absorbing effect associated with shear deformation of a metal plastic material.

(Prior Art) A cylinder type energy absorbing device that utilizes plastic deformation of metal is known from Japanese Patent Publication No. 5.8-30470.

According to this known technology, the cylinder is made up of a cylinder, a rod inserted through the cylinder along the axial direction, and lead sealed in a space between the cylinder and the rod. Due to the relative movement of the lead, the lead is sheared and deformed by passing through the reduced cross-section formed in the void.
The deformation energy is absorbed by energy consumption at this time, and the motion of the structure linked to this energy absorption device is damped.

However, in the above-mentioned known technology, (1) the frictional force between the lead surface and the lead is large, and it may not be possible to obtain a predetermined force for plastically fluidizing the lead;
Not only is the damping characteristic unstable, but it is also unable to exhibit effective damping performance. ■If the reduction ratio of the reduced section section is designed to be large, it will not respond to small seismic forces and will act only to large seismic forces, and conversely, if the reduction ratio of the reduced section section is designed to be small, it will not respond to small seismic forces. The problem is that the seismic force absorption characteristics change greatly depending on the proportion of the reduced cross-sectional area, and the determination of the reduced cross-sectional area becomes extremely difficult. The problem is that it is difficult. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention provides a cylinder-type energy absorbing device of this kind that has stable and effective energy absorption characteristics and that can reduce earthquake energy from small to large. The purpose is to provide a mechanism that can absorb a wide range of energy, including earthquake energy. For this reason, the present invention applies blunt shear deformation to an energy absorber such as lead or a metal plastic fluid substance sealed in an energy absorbing part, and also transfers the deformation energy to the energy absorbing part in stages according to the magnitude of the deformation energy. This was done based on the knowledge that this purpose could be achieved by adopting a mechanism for transmitting information. mouth. Structure of the Invention [Means for Solving the Problems] Specifically, the energy absorbing device for structures of the present invention has the following features:
The following technical measures (structures) will be adopted. In other words, ■ an energy absorption device installed between structures that are relatively displaced;
■A cylindrical housing l fixed to one structure, ■
a rod 2 fixed to the other structure and arranged along the central axis within the housing 1; and (2) a plurality of concentric sliding wheels 20A to 20E are disposed opposite to each other with the energy absorbing portion 3 interposed between the housing 1 and the rotor 2, and are arranged in multiple layers so as to be able to slide relative to each other in the axial direction. The sliding wheels 20 are engaged with each other by an engaging hole 21 and an engaging protrusion 22, allowing only a certain axial movement, and the innermost sliding wheel 2OA is fixed to the rod 2 side, and the outermost sliding wheel 2OA is fixed to the rod 2 side. The sliding wheel 20E is characterized by comprising a sliding portion 4.5 fixed to the housing 1 side.

[Effect]

When a strong displacement force such as an earthquake motion acts between structures, the relative displacement between the structures becomes a relative displacement in the axial direction between the housing l and the rod 2 of the energy absorbing device.

The relative displacement of the rod 2 with respect to the housing 1 is determined by the sliding portion 4
．． The energy is transmitted to the energy absorbing part 3 in stages by the sliding wheels 5, and the plastic fluid material such as lead sealed in the energy absorbing part 3 undergoes shear deformation, and the energy absorption action accompanying the shear resistance of the plastic fluid material causes the structure to deteriorate. It absorbs the deformation energy of objects and dampens the movement between structures. [Example] An example of the energy absorbing device for structures according to the present invention will be described based on the drawings. Figures 1 to 7 show an example of the energy absorption device ts.
is shown. That is, FIG. 1 shows the entire structure in a static state, FIG. 2 shows its operating state, and FIGS. 3 to 7 show the structure of each part.

This energy absorbing device S includes a right cylindrical housing, that is, a cylinder 1, a cylindrical rod 2 disposed with one end protruding along the central axis within the cylinder l, and an annular space between the cylinder 1 and the rod 2. an energy absorbing part 3 containing lead P placed in the center of the cylinder 1, and first and second energy absorbing parts facing each other with the energy absorbing part 3 interposed in the annular space between the cylinder l and the rod 2. a sliding part 4.5;
Further, a bracket 7 is attached to the protrusion of the rod 2, and a bracket 8 is attached to the cylinder 1.

The detailed structure of each part will be explained below.

The cylinder l is made of a hard material such as metal, and on its inner surface, at one end (inner part) thereof, there is a flange l that bulges in the inner diameter direction.
O is formed in the shape, and a screw portion 1l is screwed to the other end (opening). The diameter (minimum diameter) of the threaded portion l1 does not exceed the inner diameter of the cylinder l. Further, on the outer surface thereof, a threaded portion 12 is screwed onto the shaped end portion of the collar 10.

In the normal position, the rond 2 disposed along the central axis of the cylinder 1 has a flange 14 protruding in correspondence with the flange 10 of the -1 double cylinder 1, and also has a flange 14 at the protruding end of the cylinder {. The threaded portion l5 is threaded. The diameter of the thread of the threaded portion 15 does not exceed the diameter of the main body of the opening and door 2. The energy absorption unit 3 includes an outer cylinder l7 fitted to the inner surface of the cylinder 1 and an inner cylinder 18 fitted to the outer surface of the rod 2, and energy is absorbed between the outer cylinder 17 and the inner cylinder 18. It is charged with lead P as an absorber. The energy absorbing portion 3 undergoes shear deformation in the axial direction and absorbs energy due to the shear deformation.

Both the first and second sliding parts 4.5 have the same structure, and while transmitting the relative displacement of the rod 2 to the cylinder 1 in stages, selectively allow displacement only in the axial direction, It functions to restrict movement (runout) in the radial direction.

For this purpose, the sliding part 4.5 has a plurality of concentric sliding wheels 20
Adopts a structure in which is polymerized.

In this embodiment, five sliding wheels 2OA, 20B. 20
C. It consists of a combination of 20D and 20+E, which share a central axis with each other, that is, are arranged concentrically. Furthermore, each sliding shaft 20 has an engagement hole 21 and an engagement hole 21.
A retaining protrusion 22 that is loosely fitted is formed. The engagement hole 21
The engagement protrusions 22 are provided at positions facing each other in the radial direction for the same sliding wheel 20, and are provided at positions shifted in the axial direction for the respective sliding wheels.

More specifically, the innermost sliding wheel 2OA has an inner diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the jaw 2, and is fitted onto the nose 2.

An engagement hole 21A is formed in the sliding and auxiliary wheel 2{}8, but the engagement protrusion is not provided. Sliding wheel 2OB is sliding wheel 20A
The four ISs are moved, and the engaging protrusion 22B is inserted into the retaining hole 21.
It is loaded into A.

Thereafter, the sliding port 20C has an engagement hole 21C and is fitted into the sliding port 2OB, and its engagement protrusion 22C has an engagement hole 21C.
It is charged into B. The sliding wheel 20D has an engagement 7L21D and is fitted onto the sliding wheel 20C, and its engagement protrusion 22D is inserted into the engagement hole 2IC. And IQ outer sliding wheel 2
0E does not have an engagement hole, and its engagement protrusion 22E is connected to the engagement hole 2.
It is inserted into 1D and fitted.

5 and 6 show details of the engagement hole 2l and the engagement protrusion 22.
An example of is construction! 1! Show Mr. i.

That is, the engagement protrusion 22 is a separate small piece attached to the inner circumference of the main body of the sliding ring 20, and the sliding ring 20 has a bolt rL.
2 and 3, screw holes 24 are formed in the engagement protrusion 22 in correspondence with the bolt holes 23, and both are connected by a plurality of (two in this embodiment) fastening bolts 25. In the normal position, the engagement protrusion 22 is aligned with the engagement hole 2 in the axial direction.
It abuts on one end surface of 1, engages f, and maintains a predetermined distance α from the other end surface of 21. The α is an equal division of the stroke L of the main mounting 1s, which will be described later. In addition, in the circumferential direction, retaining protrusions 2
Both ends of 2 maintain a distance of β. This allows displacement in the circumferential direction. Of course, β is set to O when the deviation is restricted.

These sliders 20A to 201] are each cut in half, enclosing the rod 2 and assembled into the cylinder l.

The first sliding part 4 is disposed deep inside the cylinder l in contact with the step parts 10a and i4a of the collar 1014, and the second sliding part 5 is disposed on the opening side in the cylinder 1. The sliding part 5 is 2
It is bundled by the two spacers 27 and 28 and the stone bar 29.

That is, the large-diameter outer spacer 27 has a cylindrical shape, is fitted inside the cylinder 1, and has one end (inner side)
comes into contact with the outermost sliding wheel 20E of the sliding portion 5. The other end (opening side) abuts against the inner surface of a thick annular stopper 29 that is threaded into a threaded portion l1 screwed onto the front end of the cylinder l.

The small-diameter inner spacer 28 is longer than the outer spacer 29, is fitted onto the rod 2, and has one end brought into contact with the innermost sliding shaft 20A of the sliding portion 5. and,
The other end is an inner end surface 7 of the bracket 7 which is screwed into a threaded portion l5 screwed into the end of the rod 2 through a threaded hole 7a.
Press and contact b.

The inner spacer 28 is inserted through the annular hole 29a of the stopper 29 and the gap 30. stoppa 29
Also, it abuts on the inner end surface 7b of the bracket 7 so as to be able to move toward and away from it. A mounting Fi 32 is fixedly attached to the bracket 7, and is attached to one structure using a mounting hole 32a formed in the mounting Fi 32. The bracket 8 has a threaded hole 8a screwed into the inner periphery of the bracket main body, which is a cylindrical body with a bottom, and is screwed and fixed to the threaded portion l2 on the outside of the cylinder 1, and a mounting plate 34 is fixed to the outer end surface. and is attached to the other structure using its attachment hole 34a. An air hole 35 communicating between the outside and the inside of the cylinder l is bored in the outer surface of the Brakent main body.

In the above configuration, by tightening the bracket 7 and tightening the stopper 29, the first and second sliding parts 4, 5 and the energy absorbing part 3 are integrally tightened via the spacers 27, 28, It is arranged inside the cylinder l.

The device S of this embodiment has a configuration that takes into consideration ease of assembly and disassembly. Therefore, if there is no need to take these considerations into consideration, an integrated structure may be adopted as appropriate.

That is, regarding assembly, the rod 2 from which the bracket 7 has been removed is held at the central axis position of the cylinder 1, the second sliding part 5 is first attached to the rod 2, and the rod 2 is pushed into the cylinder l, and then the energy absorbing part 3 and the first sliding part 4
Charge. After that, the bases 27 and 28 and the stopper 29 are attached, and the bracket 7 is attached. The tightening end surface 7b of the bracket 7 presses the spacer 28 and is brought into contact with the end surface 29b of the striker 29. The bracket 8 is screwed on to complete the assembly.

(Effect of the embodiment) This energy absorbing device Is is
Installed between structures that move relative to each other.

When the structures undergo relative displacement due to deformation energy such as seismic motion, the displacement is transmitted to the cylinder 1 and the rod 2.

When the rotor 2 is displaced relative to the cylinder 1 in the A direction (rightward in the figure) as shown in FIG. 2, the first and second sliding parts 4
．． The innermost sliding wheel 2OA is restrained and fixed to the rod 2, and the outermost sliding wheel 20E is restrained and fixed to the cylinder 1 at both ends of the sliding ring 5 through the intermediate energy absorbing portion 3, and , these sliding wheels 2OA, 20E
Since the sliding wheels 20B, 20C, and 200 interposed therebetween are able to slide freely relative to each other, the displacement of the rod 2 is transmitted in a stepwise manner from the sliding wheel 2OA to the sliding wheel 20H over the entire stroke L. .

The energy absorbing portion 3 is sandwiched between the sliding portions 4.5 and undergoes deformation following the deformation of the sliding portions 4.5. This deformation of the energy absorbing portion 3 is pure shear deformation caused by the mutual displacement of the sliding wheels 20A to 20E, and the displacement surfaces appear in multiple layers. In this example, this blunt shear deformation surface appears in four layers.

This deformation therefore consumes energy and damps the motion.

The operation of the device S described above is based on the sliding radius 20A of the sliding parts 4 and 5.
2. The case where all of 0 E is displaced, that is, when the structure receives large deformation energy, is shown, but if the structure receives small deformation energy, part of the sliding wheel will move.

FIG. 8 schematically shows the state near the energy absorbing section 3 of this device S. That is, some of the sliding wheels including the sliding wheel 2OA in contact with the mouth door 2 move in the A direction by t. In the figure, two layers of shear surfaces are shown.

According to the energy absorbing device S of this embodiment, the shear deformation surface appears in multiple layers in the energy absorbing portion 3, and efficient energy absorption can be achieved, and a part of the sliding width is activated in response to small deformation force. It is possible to deal with a wide range of deformation energies, from large deformation energies to small deformation energies.

Moreover, the blunt shear deformation in the energy absorbing portion 3 of the present device S has a clear energy absorption characteristic, and a rational design can be made. Furthermore, in the operation of the device S of this embodiment, the rod 2 is guided to move in the 1tll1 direction of the cylinder 1 without wobbling, and the rod 2 is allowed to twist.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various design changes can be made within the scope of the basic technical idea of the present invention. That is, the following aspects are included within the technical scope of the present invention. (^) In the above embodiment, the housing is in the form of a cylindrical body, and the housing is in the form of a column. It is also possible to take the shape of an eggplant box. In this case, it is natural that Roso 1 also takes a polygonal shape corresponding to the box-like shape. According to this aspect, torsional displacement is restrained, and as in the previous embodiment, consideration must be given to the distance β between the retaining protrusion and the engagement hole.

(B) In the embodiment described above, a mode in which the rod 2 is displaced in one direction and four directions is shown, but a mode in which the rod 2 is displaced in one circumference is not excluded.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, the engagement protrusion is disposed at an intermediate position of the retaining hole in the normal position, and a predetermined distance is maintained between the abutment IrIj of the bracket 7 and the stopper 29; Naturally, other design changes will be made.

(C) In addition to lead, as an energy absorber, ■ metals such as tin, zinc, aluminum, sodium, copper, ■ superplastic alloys such as lead-tin alloy, zinc-aluminum-copper, or ■ glass beads, metals. Powders (including steel balls), granular materials such as ceramic granules are used. Furthermore, lead or the above ■ and ■? I? If 'r is chosen, combinations of two or more of these substances are also possible. Also in (2), a combination of two or more may be adopted as appropriate.

- In the case of using the examples in , 9 and 2 as an energy absorber, these '+yJ materials decay due to energy absorption accompanying their plastic fluidization, just like lead bodies.

When using the granular material described in Note 2, the attenuation will be impaired due to Iτ friction between the granular materials packed in the container! ．． f
This is for personal use.

C. Effects of the Invention Since the energy absorbing device for structures of the present invention has the above structure and functions, it has the following specific effects.

■In the energy absorption part, the plastic fluid material undergoes shear deformation in multiple layers and develops a large energy absorption capacity.

■The shear deformation of plastic fluid materials is easy to analyze in terms of ray and lugy absorption, which simplifies the design of this device.

■According to this device, in the energy absorbing part, shear deformation occurs sequentially from the part corresponding to the sliding movement on the inner diameter side that constitutes the sliding part in response to vibration displacement, so that small jlj! It exhibits a good damping effect from seismic forces to the large seismic forces caused by large earthquakes.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the energy absorbing device for structures according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing the overall structure of one embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the same operating state as FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line ■-■ of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. The figure is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V[-Vl in FIG. 5, and FIG.
Figure ■ direction arrow view, Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of small displacement operation, Figure 9
The figure shows another mechanical diagram of the sliding part. 1...Housing (cylinder), 2...Ronto, 3
...Energy absorption part, 4.5...Sliding part, 2OA
〜2 OE...Slip width, 2l...Engagement hole, 2 2...Engagement protrusion, P...Lead

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) An energy absorbing device installed between structures that are relatively displaced, comprising: a cylindrical housing fixed to one structure; a rod disposed along a central axis; an energy absorbing section having an energy absorbing body enclosed in the center of an annular space between the housing and the rod; A plurality of concentric sliding wheels arranged facing each other are stacked so as to be able to slide in the axial direction, and the sliding wheels allow only a certain axial movement through engagement holes and engagement protrusions. An energy absorbing device for a structure, comprising: a sliding part that is engaged with each other, the innermost sliding ring being fixed to the rod side, and the outermost sliding ring being fixed to the housing side.