JPH0357277B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an excavator for burying small diameter pipes underground by an excavation method.

(Conventional technology) Conventionally, this type of excavator has an auger equipped with an excavation mechanism at the tip built into a buried pipe body.
There is a structure in which the auger is rotated by a drive device installed in the shaft to excavate the ground, and the excavated soil is carried to the shaft by the blades of the auger, and the buried pipe is moved forward.

In addition, as another device, a bulkhead is provided at the front of the excavator installed at the tip of the buried pipe body, a cutter is installed at the front end opening through the bulkhead, and a cutter drive mechanism is installed at the rear of the machine. Further, an excavation means is widely adopted in which a mud feeding/discharging pipe is connected from the shaft side to the space between the back surface of the cutter and the bulkhead, and the earth and sand excavated by the cutter is discharged to the shaft side by the return flow.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) In the former case, since the excavator is not equipped with a water stop mechanism, groundwater flows into the pipe body in ground with a lot of groundwater and stabilizes the excavation face. If this happens, the ground collapses and the auger blades contact and rotate against the inner surface of the tube, causing damage to the inner surface of the tube.In the latter case, the cutter drive device must be placed inside the excavator. Since the excavator must be installed, it is not possible to reduce the diameter of the excavator, which poses problems such as making it unsuitable for burying small-diameter pipes.

The present invention provides a novel excavator for burying small-diameter pipes that solves these problems.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the small-diameter pipe burying machine of the present invention connects a plurality of temporary pipes in series to a leading pipe from a starting shaft to a destination shaft. In an excavation machine configured to bury a small-diameter pipe between both shafts by digging while moving, and propelling the small-diameter pipe from the starting shaft after the leading pipe reaches the destination shaft, The leading pipe and each temporary pipe are formed from an inner and outer double pipe of the same diameter, and a sludge removal pipe having the same length as the pipe length is provided in an annular space formed by the inner and outer pipes of these leading pipes and each temporary pipe. and furthermore,
A cutter is provided at the open end of the leading pipe, and a screw blade is provided on the outer periphery of the rotary shaft of the cutter provided at the center of the pipe to push the excavated soil toward the back side of the cutter. Both ends of the opening of the sludge pipe are closed by an annular plate having bolt mounting holes, and both ends of the sludge draining pipe disposed in the annular space are opened to the outside through the annular plate, and the central part of each temporary pipe is A rotating shaft with the same length as the pipe length is inserted into the pipe, and this temporary pipe is connected to the rear end of the leading pipe with the rotating shaft and the sludge removal pipes connected, and the temporary pipes are connected to each other. The rotating shafts are connected to each other, and the front and rear annular plates are joined and connected with bolts to connect the mud removal pipes, and the series-connected rotating shafts are rotated by a drive device installed in the starting shaft. At the same time, the inner tubes of the leading pipe and each temporary pipe connected in series are used as mud feeding passages, and appropriate positions of these mud feeding passages and mud draining passages are configured to be able to be closed by an appropriate opening/closing mechanism. It is something.

(Operation) A drive device installed in the shaft rotates the rotating shaft, and a cutter facing the open end of the leading pipe excavates earth and sand, and a screw blade installed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft in the leading pipe excavates the earth and sand. The excavated soil is pushed back to the back side of the cutter. On the other hand, muddy water is sent to the back side of the cutter through the mud feeding passage in the inner pipe.
It is stirred and mixed with soil by screw blades and discharged from the front end of the lead pipe through a drainage pipe.

When a predetermined length of excavation is performed and temporary pipes are added, the annular elastic body is expanded to close the mud feeding/draining passage and keep the pressure on the face constant.

(Example) To explain an example of the present invention with reference to the drawings, 1
is a leading pipe composed of an inner and outer double pipe, and the front part 1a
and a rear leading pipe 1b.
A plurality of direction correction jacks 2 are arranged and fixed at regular intervals in the circumferential direction in the inner and outer pipes of the front guide pipe 1a, and the rod tips of these jacks 2 are connected to the rear ends of the inner and outer pipes of the front leading pipe 1a. 2, the front leading pipe 1a can be bent vertically and horizontally with respect to the rear leading pipe 1b. Further, the tip of the front leading tube 1a is inclined forward toward the outer periphery, and the inclined end (opening end of the inner and outer tubes) is connected to the annular end plate 3.
The front end of the mud removal pipe 4, which is closed by the inner and outer pipes and is disposed inside the inner and outer pipes, is opened forward through the end plate 3. This mud removal pipe 4 is flexibly jointed at the connecting portion of the front and rear leading pipes.

5, 5...5 are temporary pipes that are successively connected to the leading pipe 1, and the rearmost temporary pipe 5 reaches the inside of the shaft 6.

These temporary tubes 5 are composed of inner and outer double tubes of the same size and diameter as the inner and outer double tubes of the guide tube 1, and are formed to have a constant length, and have a diameter similar to that of the outer tube 5a. , the outer diameters of the pipe bodies to be buried were made equal, and a mud removal pipe 4a was arranged in the annular space 7 between the outer pipe 5a and the inner pipe 5b, and the openings at both ends of the annular space 7 were closed. Its open end is exposed through the annular plates 8, 8 (FIG. 6). Further, the annular plates 8, 8 are provided with bolt holes 9 at a plurality of locations for connecting the temporary tubes in series, and semicircular notches 10 are provided at appropriate locations on the outer periphery.
0 is communicated with the open end of a semicircular gutter-like passage 11 provided in the longitudinal direction of the inner circumferential surface of the outer tube 5a. A hydraulic hose for a direction correction jack and an air hose 30 are installed inside this trough-like passage.

Reference numeral 13 denotes an excavation cutter disposed at the front end opening of the leading pipe 1, and a screw blade 15 is integrally provided on the outer periphery of a rotary shaft 14 fixed to the center of the back surface thereof. A space 16 is provided between the front end of the screw blade 15 and the back of the cutter 13, and the earth and sand taken into the space 16 are pushed back toward the cutter by the rotation of the screw blade 15. There is.

Each temporary tube 5 is provided with a rotation shaft 17 having the same length as the tube and without screw blades at the center, connected in series to the rotation shaft 14 in the leading tube 1, and connected to the rotation shaft 17 at the rearmost portion. The rotating shaft 17 is connected to a drive device 18 installed in the shaft.

A plurality of rollers 19 are supported on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 17, and are brought into sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the inner tube 5b so that the rotary shaft rotates around the center of the inner tube 5b.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, such a support means for the rotating shaft includes a bracket 20 on the inner periphery of the inner tube 5b.
Alternatively, the bearing 21 may be fixed through the bearing 21, and the rotating shaft 17 may be rotatably inserted and supported through the bearing 21.

Reference numeral 22 denotes a chamber that watertightly surrounds the space between the temporary tube 5 at the rear end and the drive device 18, and is connected to a mud tank 23 installed on the ground via a mud feeding pipe 24.

25 is a mud pump disposed within the mud tank 23.

Reference numeral 26 denotes an annular air bag-shaped elastic body fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the temporary tube 5 directly connected to the guide tube 1. The elastic body 26 is made of an inflatable synthetic resin material, and when inflated, the inner circumference The surface presses against the rotating shaft 17 and blocks the mud feeding passage 27 in the inner pipe 5b from the leading pipe 1 side.

Reference numeral 28 denotes an elastic body whose outer periphery is fixed in the sludge draining pipe 4a disposed in the temporary pipe 5 at a position near the annular elastic body 26. A pressure chamber 29 is provided on the opposing surface, and the tip of an air hose 30 is communicated with the pressure chamber so that the air hose 30 is expanded by compressed air supplied from the hose and closes the mud removal pipe 4a.

The air hose 30 is guided into the shaft 6 through the annular space 7 or the semicircular trough-like passage 11 between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, is connected to a compressor (not shown), and is further connected to the annular elastic The annular elastic body 26 is expanded by communicating its branched tip into the body 26.

Rotating shafts 14 and 17 for rotating the cutter 13 are formed hollow, and a surveying target 32 irradiated by a light source 31 is fixed inside the rotating shaft 14 to which the cutter 13 is attached. The surveying device 33 is configured to aim at the target 32.

34 is connected to the sludge drainage pipe 4a led out into the shaft 6,
A communicating external mud drain pipe faces a sedimentation tank 35 installed on the ground, and excavated soil is discharged by a pump 36 installed in the pipe.

Now, drive the pumps 25 and 36 to pump muddy water into the chamber 22.
From mud feeding passage 27, space 16 mud draining pipes 4, 4a, 3
4. Reflux to the sedimentation tank 35.

In this state, the drive device 18 is driven to rotate the rotating shaft 1.
4 and 17 and excavate the ground with the cutter 13, the excavated soil mixes with muddy water in the space 16 on the back of the cutter, and the screw blade 15
While being pushed back forward by the flow of mud, the slurry flows from the front end of the leading pipe 1 into the mud removal pipe 4, and is discharged into the settling tank 35 through the mud removal pipe 4a and the external mud removal pipe 34.

In this way, while excavating the ground, the driving device 18 is pushed forward from the shaft 6 side to advance the excavation, and the direction correction jack 2 is operated as necessary while sighting the target 32 with the surveying device 33 from inside the shaft 6. By doing so, it is made to dig in a predetermined direction.

When the tunnel 5 has been excavated to approximately the same length as the temporary pipe 5, the excavation is stopped and compressed air is supplied to the air hose 30 to expand the elastic bodies 26 and 28, thereby opening the mud feeding passage 27.
And the mud removal pipe 4 is closed to prevent pressure drop at the face. In this state, the next temporary pipe 5 is added in the shaft, and then excavation is started again.

When the leading pipe 1 reaches the reaching shaft (not shown),
Stop excavation, connect a small-diameter pipe (not shown) to the temporary pipe 5 at the rear end on the side of the starting shaft 6, press the rear end to bury the small-diameter pipe, and sequentially insert the small-diameter pipe into the buried small-diameter pipe. Small diameter pipes are connected in series and pushed forward to bury the small diameter pipes between vertical shafts.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the small-diameter pipe burying machine of the present invention, the leading pipe and the temporary pipe successively following the leading pipe in series are formed from double inner and outer pipes of the same diameter. A mud removal pipe with the same length as the pipe length is installed in the annular space formed by the inner and outer pipes of these leading pipes and each tracheal pipe, so that the leading pipe and tracheary pipes and the tracheary pipes can be connected to each other. As a result, the sludge removal pipes can be connected to each other, making it easy to form a continuous sludge removal passage, and since the interiors of the leading pipe and the temporary pipe are used as the sludge feeding passage, separate sludge removal is possible. There is no need to arrange a mud pipe inside the pipe, so the structure is simplified, and the lead pipe and temporary pipe can be formed with a small diameter, making the structure suitable for burying a small diameter pipe.

Furthermore, a cutter is disposed at the open end of the leading pipe, and a cutter rotating shaft is provided at the center of the pipe,
A screw blade is installed on the outer periphery of this rotating shaft to push the excavated earth and sand toward the back side of the cutter, so that the excavated earth and sand taken into the leading pipe and the muddy water flowing through the mud feeding passage can be sufficiently stirred and mixed. The earth and sand can be positively sent to the open end of the mud removal pipe, and the excavated earth and sand can be smoothly discharged.

Further, each of the temporary tubes has an annular space at both open ends, which are closed by an annular plate having bolt mounting holes, and both ends of the sludge drainage pipe disposed within the annular space are externally connected through the annular plate. Since it is opened and a rotating shaft of the same length as the tube is inserted into the center of each temporary tube, the sludge removal pipe and rotating shaft of the same length as the tube are integrated into the temporary tube. Not only is it easy to handle, but it can also be easily connected by joining the front and rear annular plates of the temporary pipes and connecting them with bolts, and it is also possible to connect and communicate the sludge removal pipes at the same time. At the same time, the rotating shafts can be connected in series, and the work of adding temporary tubes can be done quickly and accurately.

Furthermore, since the series of connected rotating shafts are rotated by a drive device installed in the starting shaft, there is no drive device installed inside the pipe, making it suitable for burying small diameter pipes. The mud feeding passage and mud draining pipe can be closed at appropriate locations using an appropriate opening/closing mechanism, so when adding temporary pipes, it is necessary to temporarily close the mud feeding passage and mud draining pipe to prevent a drop in pressure at the face. As a result, the excavation face can be stabilized, and the next excavation work can be carried out easily.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a vertical side view thereof, FIG. 2 is an overall view showing an excavation state, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another means of supporting the rotating shaft;
Figure 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view of the inflatable body for closing the sludge pipe;
FIG. 6 is an end view of the tracheid. 1...Leading pipe, 4 and 4a...Sludge removal pipe, 5...
Temporary pipes, 5a and 5b... Inner and outer pipes, 6... Vertical shaft, 1
3...Drilling cutter, 14 and 17...Rotating shaft,
15... Screw blade, 18... Drive device, 2
6 and 28... elastic body, 27... sludge drainage passage.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Excavate from the starting shaft to the destination shaft by following the leading pipe in series with multiple temporary pipes, and after the leading pipe reaches the reaching shaft, proceed by passing small diameter pipes from the starting shaft to follow the temporary pipes. In an excavator configured to bury a small-diameter pipe between both shaft shafts by A sludge removal pipe with the same length as the pipe length is arranged in the annular space formed by the inner and outer pipes, and a cutter is arranged at the open end of the leading pipe. A screw blade is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft to push the excavated earth and sand toward the back side of the cutter, and each of the temporary tubes has an annular space at both open ends that are closed by an annular plate having bolt mounting holes. Both ends of the sludge draining pipe arranged in the tube are opened to the outside through the annular plate, and a rotating shaft having the same length as the tube is inserted into the center of each temporary tube, and this temporary tube is connected to the tip. The rotating shaft and the sludge removal pipes are connected to the rear end of the conduit, and the rotating shafts of the temporary pipes are connected to each other, and the front and rear annular plates are joined and connected with bolts to remove sludge. The pipes are connected to each other, and the rotating shafts connected in series are rotated by a drive device installed in the starting shaft, and the inner pipes of the leading pipe and each temporary pipe connected in series are used as a mud feeding passage, An excavator for burying small-diameter pipes, characterized in that appropriate positions of the mud feeding passage and the mud removal passage can be closed by appropriate opening/closing mechanisms.