JPH035921B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a quill support clamp device for moving a spindle to a processing position or a retreat position by moving the quill back and forth.

The spindle of a machine tool is typically rotatably supported within a head by a quill. The movable quill is supported so as to be movable forward and backward relative to the head, and its forward position sets the processing position of the spindle, and its retracted position sets the spindle at a retracted position.

By the way, most conventional devices of this type are
There is no means for locking the quill in its forward position.
For this reason, misalignment of the quill at the processing position is likely to occur, and the reproducibility of indexing at the processing position cannot be performed with high precision.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to simultaneously align and clamp the head and quill in a short time, and to position the quill in its forward position and its reproducibility with high precision. be.

Based on the above object, the present invention includes inserting a piston part at the rear end of the quill and a collet-shaped piston into the cylinder chamber of the head, and forming a conical tapered surface on the front and rear end peripheral surfaces of the piston part of the quill. , the front end of the cylinder chamber and the collet-shaped piston are formed with respective taper surfaces corresponding to the taper, the piston drives the quill in the forward direction, the taper portion performs an alignment function, and the piston The lock function is performed by the collector part.

Hereinafter, the structure and operation of the present invention will be specifically explained based on an embodiment shown in the drawings.

First, FIG. 1 shows a quill support clamp device 1 according to the present invention. The quill support clamp device 1 includes a head 2, a quill 3, a collet-shaped piston 4, and a spindle 5 as main parts.

The head 2 has a cylindrical shape as a whole, and a ring-shaped head cover 6 is fixedly held at its front end surface, and a cylindrical housing 7 is fixedly held at its rear end surface by tightening bolts, etc., and the cylinder is held between them. It forms a chamber 8. The collet-shaped piston 4 and the rear end portion of the quill 3, that is, the piston portion 9, are fitted into the cylinder chamber 8 so as to be slidable in the axial direction with a sealing O-ring interposed therebetween. Further, the housing 7 forms a cylindrical part 10 inside the cylinder chamber 8, and the piston 4 is located at the rear of the piston part 9 and also has a sealing part for the cylindrical part 10. They are slidably fitted together with an O-ring interposed between them.

The front end portion of the piston portion 9 serves as a retaining portion for the head cover 6, and forms a conical tapered surface 11 with a large outer diameter at the rear. Similarly, a large-diameter tapered surface 12 is formed at the rear of the inner peripheral surface. Further, the rear end portion of the piston portion 9 forms a conical tapered surface 13 having a small outer diameter on the rear side, and corresponds to the tapered surface 14 on the front surface of the piston 4. As shown in FIG. 2, this piston 4 has a plurality of slits extending in the generatrix direction on the tapered surface 14 side, thereby forming a large number of elastically deformable collet pawls 15 around the entire circumference.

Further, the quill 3 rotatably supports the spindle 5 by bearings 16 before and after its center hole. The front end portion of this spindle 5 forms a tool attachment hole 17 with a keyway, and the rear end portion passes through a cylindrical detent 18 and the inside of the cylindrical portion 10 of the housing 7, and the rotary cylinder 20
facing the inside of the rotating cylinder 20 with the two keys 19.
It is prevented from rotating in a state in which it can slide in the axial direction with respect to the key groove 21 inside the. This rotary cylinder 20 is
Bearing 2 inside the bearing part of housing 7
2, and is rotatably supported by V at the rear end portion.
A pulley 23 is provided. This V pulley 23 is
Rotational force is taken in from an external drive source through the V-belt 24 to give rotational movement to the spindle 5 for cutting.

Further, the detent 18 is fixed to the inner side of the rear end of the quill 3 with a mounting bolt or the like, and as shown in FIGS. An oval-shaped fitting portion 26 is integrally formed when viewed from above. Correspondingly, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the distal end portion of the cylindrical portion 10 integrally forms a pair of left and right rotation prevention portions 27 on the front end surface. That is, the end faces of the rotation preventing portion 27 correspond to the left and right chamfered portions of the fitting portion 26, and are slidably fitted in the axial direction in a rotation preventing state. In this way, the inside of the cylinder chamber 8 is divided into front and rear parts by the piston 4 and the piston part 9, and the front cylinder chamber 8 is divided into the passage 28 of the head 2.
The rear cylinder chamber 8 likewise opens into a passage 29 . Those passages 28,2
9, a fluid 30 for returning the quill and a fluid 31 for advancing the quill are respectively guided.

Next, the operation of the quill support clamp device 1 will be explained.

FIG. 1 shows the quill 3 moved forward inside the head 2 and set at the processing position. Therefore, in this state, the fluid 31 for advancing is introduced into the passage 29, and the piston 4 and the piston portion 9
is moving in the forward direction under the pressure of the fluid 31. At this time, the tapered surface 11 of the piston portion 9
is in pressure contact with the tapered surface 12 of the head cover 6, and the tapered surfaces 13 and 14 are in pressure contact with each other behind that, so that the alignment position is automatically determined. The axis of the tool 32 in the hole 17 is positioned with high precision. Moreover, the positioning is stable and has excellent reproducibility, so that highly accurate positioning can be ensured over a long period of time. When the piston 4 pushes the piston portion 9 of the quill 3 in the forward direction, the principle of the slopes of the tapered surfaces 13 and 14 causes the collet pawl 15 to press against the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder chamber 8, that is, to expand its diameter. Transform in the direction. As a result, the piston 4 is
With the quill 3 pressed to its forward limit, a locking state is achieved due to the frictional locking force between the collector claw 15 and the inner circumferential surface of the head 2. In this way, the quill 3 is supported in an aligned state with respect to the head 2 at the forward limit position and is in a clamped state. Of course, in the process of the quill 3 moving forward, the detent 18 moves in the forward direction while being prevented from rotating relative to the cylindrical portion 10. Similarly, the spindle 5 is guided by the key 19 and the keyway 21 while sliding with respect to the rotary cylinder 20.

When the spindle 5 is driven by the V-pulley 23 and the V-belt 24 in this state, the rotation is applied to the spindle 5 as cutting rotation via the rotary tube 20, the keyway 21, and the key 19. During this time, the head 2 imparts a feed motion to the spindle 5 by means of a machining feed motion of a feed table or the like. In this way, the tool 32 at the tip of the spindle 5 performs high-precision machining on the corresponding workpiece.

On the other hand, when the quill 3 is returned, that is, when it is moved backward, the return fluid 30 is supplied to the passage 28. Furthermore, by causing the advancing fluid 31 to flow out from the rear cylinder chamber 8 through one passage 29, the fluid pressure in the rear cylinder chamber 8 is reduced. As a result, fluid pressure is applied to the front part of the cylinder chamber 8, and when the rear cylinder chamber 8 is depressurized, the force pressing the piston 4 to the forward limit is weakened, and the pressure contact between the tapered surfaces 13 and 14 is released. The diameter of the collect claw 15 is reduced and it becomes slidable in the axial direction with respect to the head 2, so when fluid pressure is applied to the front part of the cylinder chamber 8, the quill 3 and the piston 4 move in the backward direction. The rear end portion of the piston 4 comes into contact with the boss portion of the housing 7 and comes to a stopped state. This becomes the retracted position of the quill 3.

Although the above embodiment describes one head 2, these heads 2 are usually
Multiple units can be installed on the feed table for NC three-dimensional machining. The retraction of the quill 3 to the retracted position is necessary when one spindle 5 is retracted and necessary processing is performed only with the spindle 5 of the other head 2. However, the present invention is not limited to multi-axis devices, but can of course also be applied to single-axis devices. Further, in the above embodiment, the tapered surface 12 is connected to the head cover 6.
This tapered surface 12 is formed by a part of
It can also be constructed from the head 2 part. Further, the rotation prevention means (cylindrical portion 10 and rotation prevention 18) and rotation transmission means (key 19 and rotating cylinder 20) of the quill 3 are not limited to the above embodiments, and may be of a spline type, for example. .

The present invention has the following unique effects. The quill is positioned at the same time by the tapered portions of the front and rear ends of the piston, and the piston is deformed in the direction of radial expansion, and the sliding surface on the outer periphery locks into the cylinder chamber of the head with no gap. The quill indexing and its reproducibility can be performed with high accuracy and in a short time, and high accuracy can be maintained even under radial loads. Furthermore, since the front and rear ends of the piston portion of the quill are aligned simultaneously, even if the sliding portion is worn out, the accuracy of the stopping position of the quill is not affected by this. Furthermore, since the structure is simple and the device can be housed inside the head, it is easy to implement and easy to incorporate into a multi-axis head.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the quill support clamp device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway side view of a collet-shaped piston, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the detent, and Fig. 4 is a rear view of the detent. , FIG. 5 is a front view of the cylindrical portion of the housing, and FIG. 6 is a horizontal sectional view of the cylindrical portion of the housing. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Quill support clamp device, 2... Head, 3... Quill, 4... Piston, 5... Spindle, 6... Head cover, 7... Housing, 8... Cylinder chamber, 9... Piston section ,1
1, 12, 13, 14... Tapered surface, 18... Rotation stopper, 19... Key, 20... Rotating cylinder.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 In a quill support clamp device that supports a quill in a head so that it can move forward and backward and advances it when necessary, the rear end of the quill is a piston part, the head is cylindrical to form a cylinder chamber, and the quill is placed in front of this cylinder chamber. A collet-shaped piston is slidably housed at the rear of the cylinder chamber, and the quill retaining portion at the front end of the cylinder chamber and the opposing portion of the quill are fitted so that the rear side is large. The rear end of the quill and the opposing part of the collet-shaped piston are made to face each other with tapered surfaces having a smaller diameter at the rear,
The spindle is rotatably supported on the quill,
A quill support clamp device characterized in that the quill is moved forward by the advancement of a collet-shaped piston and clamped in an aligned state.