JPH0361101A - Wheel and wheel disk - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application and Summary of the Invention] The present invention relates to wheels for bicycles, automobiles, etc., and particularly relates to wheels in which a hub and a rim are integrated by spokes or discs. and the rim are connected by spokes made of fiber material, and by improving the tension structure of these spokes, it is possible to ensure cross wind permeability and to reliably protect the area near the rim of the spokes. It is something.

[Prior Art and Problems] The most common type of wheel having a structure in which a plurality of spokes are stretched between a hub and a rim is a spoked wheel used for bicycles and automobiles.

Conventional spoked wheels have a structure in which a hub attached to a rotating shaft and a rim are connected by a large number of spokes made of metal wire.
Each spoke is strung between a locking hole formed near the periphery of the hub and a nipple attached to the rim. The direction in which the spokes are stretched is set in the tangential direction of the hub. Further, the directions of the tangent lines are set in two directions.

As a result, the spokes as a whole are stretched radially, and the load applied to the axle acts on each spoke in the form of a distributed tension, and this distributed load acts on the rim. In addition, since each spoke is stretched tangentially to the hub, even when rotational force is applied to the hub, the rotational torque acts on the rim as tension, and the direction of this tension is determined by the direction of the wheel. Since the rim is inclined at a certain angle with respect to the radial direction, a rotational force is generated on the rim.

Furthermore, since the spokes are attached to the hub in two directions, the torque is transmitted in both forward and reverse rotation directions.

In this way, conventional spoke wheels are lightweight and have a certain degree of strength.

As a lightweight version of such a spoked wheel, "a plurality of spokes (three spokes) are provided between the annular rim (1) and the hub (2)
) (3) is tensioned so that when an external force acts on the rim (1), tension is applied to the spokes (3), and the spokes (3> (3) are made to have a tensile strength) Proposal of a product made of fiber material (patent application 1986-
31050! There is No. I). In this case, since the auxiliary spokes are made of a fiber material, the weight of the wheel can be significantly reduced.

On the other hand, in the invention of the earlier application, there has also been proposed a structure in which each spoke is covered with a film-like or sheet-like covering member. This product protects each spoke made of textile material from contact with obstacles when driving on rough roads and from collisions with objects such as stones.

However, in the case of a type equipped with this covering member,
Crosswind permeability is insufficient, and if the wheels are exposed to crosswind wind pressure, maneuverability during driving is poor and extremely dangerous.

The present invention has been made in view of these points, and includes a plurality of spokes (between the annular rim (1) and the hub (2)).
3) A wheel of a type in which tension is applied to the spokes (3) when an external force is applied to the rim (1) by tensioning the spokes (3). Get rich! #Wheel constructed from fiber material improves impact resistance without increasing the weight of the wheel, improves crosswind characteristics, and reliably protects at least the area near the rim of the spokes made of fiber material. The challenge is to do so.

(Invention of Claim 1) [Means for Solving the Problem] The means of the present invention for solving the above problem is based on “spoke (3
) In the tensioning area of (3), at least a certain range of the inner peripheral area from the vicinity of the rim (1) is annularly covered with the net (N), and the net (N) is covered with the film-like or sheet-like covering member (5). ) and the spokes (3) (3) are combined, and a certain proportion of the non-covered area not covered by the covering member (5) is provided in the stretched area of the spoke (3) (3).

[Action Co. The above means works as follows.

Since a plurality of fiber spokes (3) (3>) are stretched between the rim (1) and the hub (2),
The strength under the condition that tension is applied to the spokes (3) (3) is similar to that of a conventional spoke wheel type wheel.

Furthermore, apart from the spokes, at least the vicinity of the rim (1) is covered with a net (N) which is connected to the spokes by means of a covering member (5), which prevents impact loads from being applied to the wheel. It exerts a reinforcing effect when activated. That is, when an impact load is applied to the wheel, there are more members on which tension is applied than in conventional wheels.

Furthermore, since there is a certain proportion of non-covered areas in the spoke tension area that are not covered by the covering member (5), when there is a crosswind, this non-covered area becomes a crosswind permeable part. In this uncovered area, which also includes the area near the rim (1), the spoke constituent members are protected by the net (N), so in this area, crosswind permeability is ensured and sharp edges are protected. This protects this spoke component from objects such as rocks.

[effect] Since the present invention has the above configuration, it has the following effects.

Since the number of members on which tension acts when the wheel receives an impact load increases, the impact resistance improves accordingly. or,
Since the cross section of the rim (1) is not made larger or thicker, the rate of weight increase is extremely small. Therefore, the result is a wheel that is lightweight and has high impact resistance.

In addition, since the uncovered area of the covering member (5) exists at a certain rate, crosswind permeability is improved and adverse effects on maneuverability due to the wind pressure of the crosswind are prevented.

Furthermore, in this uncovered area, at least the spokes in the vicinity of the rim are covered and protected by the net (N), so
When driving on rough roads, the spoke components located at the parts most likely to come into contact with stones and obstacles are reliably protected.

(Invention of Claim 2) This invention of Claim 2 solves the same problem as the invention of Claim 1, and apart from the spokes (3) (3), the "string direction of the rim (1)" is A large number of auxiliary spokes (4) stretched to match the rim (1) are distributed approximately equally over the entire inner circumferential side of the rim (1).

In a vehicle adopting this configuration, the auxiliary spokes (4) exert resistance against impact loads in addition to the film forming film according to the first aspect, and the strength of the wheel as a whole is further improved.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 17.

The first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a bicycle wheel in which the present invention is applied, and the rim (1) and hub (2) are similar to those of a conventional bicycle wheel. use. However, the flange (2) protruding from both ends of the hub (2)
1) In order to facilitate the tensioning of spokes (3) and auxiliary spokes (4), which will be described later, (21) has a large number of protrusions (22) (22) in a circular shape as shown in Fig. 3 or 4. This is a configuration in which they are arranged on the circumference.

Here, the structure of the brim portion (21) (21) will be explained in detail.

In this embodiment, the flanges (F
) and screw the separate annular plate (R) to the flange (2).
1) (21), and the inner surface of the annular plate (R) has a concave part (
23) is formed. The size of this concave portion (23) is set to a size that can accommodate the flange portion (F), and when the annular plate (R) is screwed from the outside of the flange portion (F), the flange portion ( F) is fitted in the recess (23). On the outer surface of this annular plate (R), there are 16 protrusions (22) (22) near its periphery.
are arranged to equally divide the circumference, and the number of these protrusions is half the number of nipples (δ) attached to the rim (1). Further, each of the protrusions (22) has an oval cross-sectional shape. Some of them have screw holes (25) (2
5) is opened, which causes the ring-shaped cover (24
) can be installed.

Next, the rim (1) is a normal 32-hole rim, and in this embodiment, a nipple (6) as shown in FIG. 5 is employed.

This nipple (6) consists of a tightening screw (61) that is inserted into a nipple hole (1 hole) penetrated in the radial direction in the rim (1), and a locking body (61) that is provided with a flange at one end of the shaft. 62), and the screw (61) is screwed into the shaft portion of the locking body (62) at right angles so as to pass through the locking body (62).

These nipples (6) (6) are attached to each nipple hole (11) so as to alternately face in opposite directions, and tightening is done until the head of the screw (61) expands outside the nipple hole (11). It is housed in a vacant space.

Between the rim (1) and hub (2) configured as described above, there are a large number of spokes (3), auxiliary spokes (4), and a net as shown in FIGS. 9 and 14. A disk-shaped disk containing (N) is stretched.

As the spokes (3) or the auxiliary spokes (4), thin strings (H) made of polyaramid fibers and having a flat cross section are used. In some cases, a fiber material impregnated with a synthetic resin may be used.

This spoke (3) and auxiliary spoke (4) and rim (1
) and the relationship with the hub (2) are as follows. still,
In order to make it easier to understand these relationships, the covering member (5)
and the net body (N) will be explained without illustration, and
The procedure for tensioning the string (H) will be explained while showing it.

When the rim (1) and the hub (2) are placed concentrically as shown in FIG.
) The number of nipples (6) (6) whose flange portions are located in the same direction as (22) is 16. The nipple (6) attached to the rim (1) is the hub (2).
The protrusion (22) is in a relationship facing the middle of (22).

Then, as shown in the figure, one end of the string (I+) is locked to one protrusion (22), and then the string (I+) is placed at a position one half clockwise from the position facing the protrusion (22). Hang this string (1) on the locking body (62) of the nipple (6), return it to the hub (2) side, and push it against the protrusion (22) located three times clockwise from the protrusion (22). Wrap it clockwise to lock it, then tighten the protrusion (2) located next to the locking starting point.
2) Lock the string (]1) so that it is wound clockwise. Thereafter, by repeating the above procedure 16 times, a 32-wood string (H) is stretched between the hub (2) and the rim (1), and these are connected to the spokes (
3) It will function as (3).

In this example, as mentioned above, since the size and shape of the protrusion (22) are set appropriately, each spoke (3) will be aligned with the tangent line of the hub (2) when the above-mentioned tensioning is completed. They will be installed in parallel.

Next, when the string (H) is stretched in the radial direction as described above, the string (H) extended from the final end is stretched in the direction of the string.

In this embodiment, six auxiliary spokes (4) (4) are stretched from one nipple (6). For this purpose, first, as shown in FIG. 7, the 16 nipples (6) (6) are locked every third clockwise from one nipple (6) and rotated three times. Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the string (H) is stretched clockwise from one nipple (6) so as to engage every fifth nipple (6) and make five turns. The string (H) will now return to the nipple (6) from which it started. Then, as shown in the figure, wrap the string (H) around all the nipples (6) and cover (
24), the tensioning in all string directions is completed, as shown in Figure 1.
The central portion is protected by a cover (24).

Eight strings (11) are extended from each nipple (6), and each string (H) is stretched symmetrically with respect to the radial line of one nipple (6). Of these, two mutually symmetrical spokes in the center become spokes (3) (3), and the other six become auxiliary spokes (4) (4).

Spokes (3) between rim (1) and hub (2) (3
) and auxiliary spokes (4) (4) can be tensioned in the above relationship, a specially constructed jig (J) as shown in Figs. 11 and 12 is used. do.

This jig (J) is arranged to match the 16 nipples (6) (6) located on one side of the wheel (P).
), and has a structure in which an annular plate (R) can be attached and fixed in the center. And this jig (J
) is supported so as to be rotatable and movable on a plane in two directions, the X-axis and the Y-axis. For this purpose, as shown in the figure, a jig (J) is provided with the bottle (P) on the periphery of a disk-shaped substrate, and an annular recess (82) is formed in the center of this substrate. At the center of this is the holding shaft (
81) is made to protrude upward, and the holding shaft (81) is made to match the inner diameter of the central opening of the annular plate (R).

Therefore, when the annular plate (R) is fitted onto the holding shaft (81) in a proper posture, the protrusion (22) of the annular plate (R) (
The middle part of 22) faces the bottle (P) (P). Further, the annular plane on which the projections are arranged coincides with the surface of the jig (J).

Further, the jig (J) is rotatably supported by a support plate (8), which is supported by a pair of X-axis rails (83) (a3) arranged on the top surface of the table (T). It is slidably supported in the rail installation direction. As a result, this rail (83) (83) and the support plate (
8) and are coupled in the X-axis direction. The lower surface of the table (T) equipped with the rails (83) (a3) is mated with a pair of rails (84) (84) in the Y-axis direction provided on the support frame (80) below. There is. As a result of the above, the jig (J) is aligned with the support frame (80) in a plane.

The annular plate (R) is set in a proper posture in the jig (J) configured as described above, and the synthetic resin sheet (50) on the inner side constituting the covering member (5) is first placed on the jig (J). ).

This synthetic resin sheet (50) is made of thermoplastic synthetic resin, and in this embodiment, a sheet made of polyethylene terephthalate resin (PET resin) is used. And the first
As shown in Figure 3, the overall shape is disc-shaped, and a large number of circular ventilation openings (53) (53) are opened, and the periphery thereof is large enough to allow the nipple (6) (6) to be inserted therethrough. 16 through holes (51) (51) are arranged at equal intervals,
A circular opening (52) is provided in the central portion to fit into the area where the bottles (P) and CP) of the annular plate (R) are arranged. Therefore, when the through holes (51) (51) are fitted onto the bottles (P) and (P) separately and attached to the top surface of the jig (J) as shown in Fig. 12, the circular opening (52) will protrude. (22) It will be set in a state where it is externally fitted in the arrangement area of (22).

With the synthetic resin sheet (50) having the above structure attached to the top surface of the jig (J), string (H) is connected between the protrusion (22) (22) and the bottle (P) (P) and between the bottle (P) ( P) Stretch between each other.

At this time, the string (H) pulled out from the reel (85) is
It is stretched between the protrusion (22) (22) and the bottle CP (P) via a weight (W). Also, reel (85
) so that a constant torque is applied in the tightening direction.

Then, when the jig (J) is moved in the tensioning direction of the string (H) and the string (H) is stretched according to the procedure described above, the string (H) is stretched in the relationship shown in Figure 1. That will happen.

A synthetic resin sheet (50) having the same structure as the above-mentioned synthetic resin sheet (50) is shown from above the jig (J) on which tensioning has been completed.
) and the net (N) are stacked from above and integrated with the synthetic resin sheet (50) on the back side by ultrasonic welding or heat welding, and the cover (24) is screwed to the annular plate (R). A disk as shown in FIGS. 10 and 14 is completed.

This disc has a cover (24
) is positioned, and the covering member (5) is constituted by the synthetic resin sheets (50) (50) on the front and back sides, and the string (H) is inserted into the covering member (5). spokes (3) (3) and auxiliary spokes (4)
(4) and a net (N) are built-in. Then, the intersection of these spokes (3) and auxiliary spokes (4), the intersections of the spokes (3) (3), and the auxiliary spokes (4).
(4) Mutual intersection points are integrally connected together with the net (N).

In addition, in the above embodiment, when tensioning the string (1()), this tensioning work is performed while applying a constant tension to the synthetic resin string (H) that becomes the spoke (3) or the auxiliary spoke (4). Therefore, the tension in each spoke (3) and the auxiliary spoke (4) is constant at the point pi when the tensioning is completed.

In the wheel of this example, the spokes (3) and the auxiliary soft spokes (4) are made of polyaramid fiber strings DI with high tensile strength.
). Moreover, this string (H) is a twisted or untwisted fiber bundle consisting of dozens or more of celiac fibers. Furthermore, each nipple (6) is provided with six auxiliary spokes (4) (4). Therefore, the wheels of the above-mentioned embodiments employing these configurations are sufficiently lightweight and have improved impact resistance compared to conventional spoke wheels.

For reference, when a conventional spoked wheel is compared with the wheel of the above embodiment when a constant radial impact force is applied to the wheel, the spokes where the maximum stress occurs, that is, the two spokes facing the load point and The stress level in the four orthogonal directions was reduced to 40% in the example above, and even in the auxiliary spokes, the tension was distributed and dispersed to 11 trees around the entire circumference, including the vicinity of the load point. .

In the first embodiment described above, since the ring-shaped cover (24) is attached to the outer surface of the annular plate (R), the protrusions (22) (22) are covered with this, and the protrusions (22) are covered with this. (22) It is possible to eliminate the unsightly appearance of the string (H) that is locked to (22) and the exposure of these protrusions. or,
The string (H) in this part, which is locked to the protrusion (22), is also protected.

[Other modifications of main parts] [1] Constituent material of each spoke In any of the above embodiments, spokes (3) (3)
and auxiliary spokes (4) (4) Although a string (H) made of polyaradide fiber was used, it may also be made of high-strength fiber such as carbon fiber, high-strength polyethylene fiber, or glass fiber. Wire rods etc. can also be used.

■ Covering member (5) The covering member (5) may be a sheet or film made of nylon resin, polypropylene resin, polyimide resin, fluororesin, etc. in addition to the above-mentioned PET resin, or a composite of a fiber material and the synthetic resin. It is also possible to use a sheet or film, or a knitted or woven sheet of fibrous material. If these sheets or films cannot be welded, adhesive may be used to connect them to the string (H).

In addition, a ventilation opening (53) (
53), as shown in FIG. 16, each spoke may be opened in a portion where it is not exposed, and instead of the ventilation opening, an annular ventilation opening (54) may be formed as shown in FIG. 17. You can do it like this. Furthermore, in the case of FIG. 17, the covering member (5
) may be provided with ventilation openings (53) (53). Note that it is not always necessary to cover the peripheral edge of the disk with the covering member, and a configuration may also be adopted in which the engaging portion of each spoke with the nipple (portion corresponding to the through hole (51)) is exposed.

In any of the above cases, the ratio of the area covered by the covering member can be in the range of 5-95%, preferably about 20-80%.

■, Net body (N) In the above embodiment, the net body (N) is a disc-shaped body as shown in FIG. Notch, in the center is an annular plate (R)
It has a slightly larger opening, and is made of stainless steel with a mesh size of about 25.

Regarding the material of this m-body (N), it is possible to use nets made of other metals such as aluminum and titanium, as well as nets made of organic fibers, inorganic fibers, and even synthetic resin fibers. It is also possible. Also, spokes (3)
(3) and the auxiliary spoke (4) (4) may be covered from both sides.

Further, as for the net (N), various net structures such as stockinette knitting, leno weave, and grating can be adopted. The mesh roughness of these nets can be about 1 to 10 meshes, preferably 2.
It is preferable to use one with about 5 to 5 meshes.

Next, in addition to the method in which the net members (N) are arranged alternately over the entire surface of the tension area of each spoke as in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. A certain range on the circumferential side may be covered annularly. Furthermore, the configuration of the disk periphery may be such that both the ends of the spokes and the periphery of the net (N) are exposed from the periphery of the covering member (5).

■Other spokes must be tensioned so that at least a certain amount of tension is applied to them when configured as a wheel, but no tension is applied to each spoke when the disc is alone. is also possible.

Further, the net body (N) and the synthetic resin sheet (50) may be arranged only on one side (front side) of each spoke.

The ventilation openings (53) (53) may be arranged at positions that do not match on both the left and right sides of the wheel, but if the opening ratio of these is small, it is better to match them.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view thereof, Fig. 3 is a detailed view of the hub (2), Fig. 4 is a front view thereof, and Fig. 5 is a nipple (6). ) exploded perspective view, Figure 6~
Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram of the string (11) tensioning procedure, and Figure 9 is the second
A plan view of the embodiment, FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the main part, and FIG.
Figures 1 and 12 are schematic diagrams of the string (1a) tensioning device.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the synthetic resin sheet (50) used for the disc, Fig. 14 is a plan view of the disc, and Fig. 15 is a plan view of the synthetic resin sheet (50) used for the disc.
), FIGS. 16 and 17 show disks of other embodiments. In the diagram, 1)...Rim (2)...
...Hub 3) ...Spoke (N) ...Network 4) ...Auxiliary spoke 5) ...Coating member 50) ...Synthetic resin sheet

Claims (1)

[Claims] [1] A plurality of spokes (3) (3) are stretched between an annular rim (1) and a hub (2), and an external force is applied to the rim (1). In a wheel in which tension is applied to the spokes (3), and in which the spokes (3) (3) are made of a fiber material with high tensile strength, in the tension area of the spokes (3) (3), At least a certain range of inner peripheral area from the vicinity of the rim (1) is covered with a net (N)
The net body (N) and the spokes (3) (
3), and in the tension area of spokes (3) (3),
A wheel having a certain proportion of uncovered area not covered by the covering member (5). [2] Claim 1, wherein a large number of auxiliary spokes (4) (4) stretched in alignment with the string direction of the rim (1) are arranged approximately equally over the entire inner circumferential side of the rim (1). Wheels listed in. [3], a disc-shaped disc stretched between an annular rim (1) and a hub (2), with an annular plate (R) attached to the hub (2) located in the center; , a mounting part for mounting the disc to the rim is provided at a position where the circumference of the disc is approximately equally divided into a plurality of parts, and a plurality of spokes (3) are stretched between the mounting part and the annular plate (R), A large number of auxiliary spokes (4) (4) stretched in alignment with the string direction of the rim (1) are arranged between the above-mentioned attachment parts arranged around the disk periphery, and these spokes (3) (3) The inner peripheral area of at least a certain range from the vicinity of the rim (1) in the tension area of the auxiliary spokes (4) (4) is annularly covered with a net (N), and a film-like or sheet-like covering member (5 ) to the net (N) and the spokes (3) (3
) and auxiliary spokes (4) (4), and a certain proportion of the non-covered area not covered by the covering member (5) is provided in the stretched area of each spoke.