JPH0361546B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0361546B2 JPH0361546B2 JP59232864A JP23286484A JPH0361546B2 JP H0361546 B2 JPH0361546 B2 JP H0361546B2 JP 59232864 A JP59232864 A JP 59232864A JP 23286484 A JP23286484 A JP 23286484A JP H0361546 B2 JPH0361546 B2 JP H0361546B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- torch nozzle
- tic
- torch
- ceramics
- vapor deposition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
- B23K9/28—Supporting devices for electrodes
- B23K9/29—Supporting devices adapted for making use of shielding means
- B23K9/291—Supporting devices adapted for making use of shielding means the shielding means being a gas
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Description
〔発明の利用分野〕
本発明はアーク溶接用のトーチノズルの材質に
関する。
〔発明の背景〕
溶接作業中に溶接金属が飛び散るスパツタリン
グの現象によつてトーチノズルに溶融金属が付着
してしまうことを防止するため、従来は金属製ト
ーチノズルの表面をセラミツクスでコーテイング
する技術が種々提案されている。しかしこれらの
技術には以下のように欠点が存在する。実願昭
49−64528。この技術はコーテイング膜厚が薄く、
コーテイングの行われる接着強度に問題があり耐
久性に不安がある。実開昭51−1526。前記と
同様の問題点を含むのみならず、トーチノズルの
内周のみコーテイングするのでは不充分である。
実開昭56−6576。この技術については前記と同
様の問題点のほか、ホーロー処理のためスパツタ
リングにおける溶融金属と反応してしまいスパツ
タリングの対策としては不充分である。これらの
問題点を解消するものとして従来トーチノズル全
体をセラミツクスで形成するものが実開昭56−
34677に記載されている。それまで存在していた
金属製トーチノズルにおいては、セラミツクスに
比べ融点が低く、表面強度及び曲げ強度について
も低い。このため溶接スパツタが飛んできた場
合、半溶融状態のスパツタ（溶融金属）が表面で
反応し付着してしまう。そして、トーチノズル内
面への付着が積み重なつていつた場合に、シール
ドガスの通過が悪くなり溶接時のシールド性が悪
くなる。しかしセラミツクスでトーチノズルを形
成した場合には、溶接スパツタの付着を抑制する
ことができるのみならず、前記〜のセラミツ
クスコーテイングの技術における問題点も解消す
ることができる。
〔問題点〕
しかしながら単にセラミツクスによつてトーチ
ノズルを形成するのみでは、アーク溶接時に発生
する熱及びスパツタが付着するときの熱によつて
セラミツクスに割れが生じてしまい実用にならな
いものであつた。
〔発明の目的〕
本発明は以上の問題点に鑑みて成されたもので
あり、溶接作業時に割れを生ずることのないセラ
ミツクス製のトーチノズルを提供することを目的
とする。
〔目的を達成するための手段〕
上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、アーク溶
接用トーチノズルを、熱伝導度が0.03〔cal／cm・
sec・℃〕以上、熱膨張係数が7.3×10-6〔１／℃〕
未満の、SiC、Si3N4、BN、B4Cの中から選択さ
れた、少なくとも一種の非酸化物セラミツクスに
よつて形成し、このトーチノズルの内外周の全面
に化学蒸着または物理蒸着によつて、TiC、
TiN、TiC＋TiNの中から選択された、少なくと
も一種のチタン化合物を一層または複層形成した
ことを特徴とする。
発明者はセラミツクス製のトーチノズルに割れ
が生ずる原因は、アーク溶接時の熱及びスパツタ
の付着時の熱によりセラミツクス製トーチノズル
が局所的に加熱され膨張することによつて生ずる
と考察した。従つて割れを防止するためには多様
の物理的性質を取り得るセラミツクスのうち、熱
伝導度及び熱膨張係数がいかなる範囲内のセラミ
ツクスを採用すればよいのか見つけ出せばよいと
考えた。そこで第１図に示すトーチノズルを種々
のセラミツクスによつて製作し、それらのセラミ
ツクス製のトーチノズルを用いて溶接作業を行い
割れが生ずるか否かの実験を行つた。この実験結
果を表１に示す。
[Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a material for a torch nozzle for arc welding. [Background of the Invention] In order to prevent molten metal from adhering to the torch nozzle due to the sputtering phenomenon in which weld metal scatters during welding operations, various techniques have been proposed to coat the surface of a metal torch nozzle with ceramics. has been done. However, these techniques have the following drawbacks. Jitsuganaki
49−64528. This technology has a thin coating film,
There is a problem with the adhesive strength of the coating, and there are concerns about durability. Jitsukai 51-1526. Not only does this involve the same problems as mentioned above, but it is also insufficient to coat only the inner circumference of the torch nozzle.
Jitsukai 56-6576. In addition to the same problems as mentioned above, this technique is insufficient as a countermeasure against sputtering because it reacts with the molten metal during sputtering due to the enamel treatment. In order to solve these problems, conventional torch nozzles were made entirely of ceramics.
Listed in 34677. The metal torch nozzles that existed up until then had a lower melting point and lower surface strength and bending strength than ceramics. Therefore, when welding spatter flies, the semi-molten spatter (molten metal) reacts on the surface and adheres to it. If the adhesion to the inner surface of the torch nozzle continues to accumulate, the shielding gas will not pass through easily and the shielding performance during welding will deteriorate. However, when the torch nozzle is formed of ceramics, it is possible not only to suppress the adhesion of welding spatters, but also to solve the above-mentioned problems in the ceramic coating technique. [Problems] However, simply forming the torch nozzle from ceramics would not be practical because the ceramics would crack due to the heat generated during arc welding and the heat when spatter adheres. [Object of the Invention] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a torch nozzle made of ceramics that does not cause cracks during welding work. [Means for achieving the object] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an arc welding torch nozzle with a thermal conductivity of 0.03 [cal/cm・
sec・℃] or more, the thermal expansion coefficient is 7.3×10 -6 [1/℃]
The torch nozzle is made of at least one non-oxide ceramic selected from among SiC, Si 3 N 4 , BN, and B 4 C, and is coated on the entire inner and outer periphery of the torch nozzle by chemical vapor deposition or physical vapor deposition. So, TiC,
It is characterized by forming a single layer or multiple layers of at least one type of titanium compound selected from TiN and TiC+TiN. The inventor considered that the cause of cracks in the ceramic torch nozzle is that the ceramic torch nozzle is locally heated and expanded by the heat during arc welding and the heat when spatter is attached. Therefore, in order to prevent cracking, we thought it would be a good idea to find out which range of thermal conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion should be used among ceramics that can have a variety of physical properties. Therefore, torch nozzles shown in FIG. 1 were manufactured using various ceramics, and experiments were conducted to determine whether or not cracks would occur by performing welding operations using these ceramic torch nozzles. The results of this experiment are shown in Table 1.
本発明の一実施例を第２図において説明する。
この実施例のトーチノズルは前記実験において使
用した第１図のトーチノズルにおいて、トーチノ
ズルの内外周の全面にチタン化合物であるTiCを
化学付着により蒸着してコーテイングを行つたも
のである。図中、ヘツドアダプタ１の先端に位置
するコンタクトチツプ２が溶接ワイヤ３を保持
し、このコンタクトチツプ２の外周に円筒状のト
ーチノズル４が位置する。トーチノズル４はSiC
セラミツクスから形成され、内外周の全面にTiC
層５が化学蒸着されている。
これにより更に耐熱、耐摩耗性が向上するのみ
ならず溶接スパツタの付着を更に抑制することが
できる。その理由はTiCコーテイングによりその
表面硬度が3300〜4000（VHN）と硬くなりまた
化学蒸着により表面粗度が1μRZ以下とすること
ができ、飛び散つた溶融金属であるスパツタがト
ーチノズル表面に噛み込んで付着するのを防止で
きるからである。更には一旦付着したスパツタを
金属ブラシ等で取り除いた後にも、前記高い硬度
による耐摩耗性を有するためにも、表面に傷が付
かず表面粗さの小さい平滑面を維持でき、セラミ
ツクス製トーチノズルとしての寿命を更に延ばす
ことができる。
チタン化合物はTiCにTiCと同じく等軸晶系で
あつて、カタサ、耐熱性等の性質も同様なTiN、
または両者の混合物であるTiC＋TiNであつても
よく蒸着方法は化学蒸着のみならず物理的蒸着に
よつても可能である。さらにトーチノズル４を形
成するセラミツクスの材料はSiCに限らず、SiC
と同様に、六方晶系であつて共有結合的性質を有
し、熱伝導度0.04〔cal／cm・sec・℃〕、熱膨張係
数3.2×10-6〔１／℃〕のSi3N4、熱伝導度0.036〜
0.069〔cal／cm・sec・℃〕、熱膨張係数0.5〜1.7×
10-6〔１／℃〕のBN、熱伝導度0.03〜0.3〔cal／
cm・sec・℃〕、熱膨張係数4.5×10-6〔１／℃〕の
B4Cのいずれかの非酸化セラミツクスであれば採
用でき、チタン化合物コーテイングの効果を発揮
できる。
〔発明の効果〕
本発明のアーク溶接用トーチノズルによれば溶
接作業時の割れを防止することができ実用的なセ
ラミツクス製トーチノズルを提供することができ
る。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The torch nozzle of this example is the same as the torch nozzle shown in FIG. 1 used in the above experiment, but the entire inner and outer periphery of the torch nozzle is coated with TiC, which is a titanium compound, by chemical deposition. In the figure, a contact tip 2 located at the tip of a head adapter 1 holds a welding wire 3, and a cylindrical torch nozzle 4 is located on the outer periphery of this contact tip 2. Torch nozzle 4 is SiC
Made of ceramics, with TiC on the entire inner and outer periphery.
Layer 5 is chemical vapor deposited. This not only further improves heat resistance and wear resistance, but also further suppresses the adhesion of welding spatter. The reason for this is that TiC coating has a hard surface hardness of 3300 to 4000 (VHN), and chemical vapor deposition can reduce the surface roughness to less than 1 μRZ, which prevents spatter of molten metal from getting stuck on the torch nozzle surface. This is because adhesion can be prevented. Furthermore, even after removing spatter that has adhered to it with a metal brush, the high hardness makes it possible to maintain a smooth surface with low surface roughness without scratching the surface due to its wear resistance due to its high hardness. The lifespan of can be further extended. Titanium compounds include TiC, which has an equiaxed crystal system like TiC and has similar properties such as stiffness and heat resistance.
Alternatively, it may be TiC+TiN, which is a mixture of both.The vapor deposition method can be not only chemical vapor deposition but also physical vapor deposition. Furthermore, the material of the ceramics forming the torch nozzle 4 is not limited to SiC.
Similarly, Si 3 N 4 is hexagonal and has covalent properties, with a thermal conductivity of 0.04 [cal/cm・sec・℃] and a thermal expansion coefficient of 3.2×10 -6 [1/℃]. , thermal conductivity 0.036 ~
0.069 [cal/cm・sec・℃], thermal expansion coefficient 0.5 to 1.7×
10 -6 [1/℃] BN, thermal conductivity 0.03 to 0.3 [cal/
cm・sec・℃], thermal expansion coefficient 4.5×10 -6 [1/℃]
Any B 4 C non-oxidized ceramic can be used, and the effect of titanium compound coating can be exhibited. [Effects of the Invention] According to the arc welding torch nozzle of the present invention, cracking during welding work can be prevented, and a practical ceramic torch nozzle can be provided.
第１図及び第２図は本発明の実施例に係るアー
ク溶接用トーチノズルを表す一部断面側面図であ
る。
１……ヘツドアダプタ、２……コンタクトチツ
プ、３……溶接ワイヤ、４……トーチノズル。
1 and 2 are partially sectional side views showing an arc welding torch nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1...Head adapter, 2...Contact chip, 3...Welding wire, 4...Torch nozzle.
Claims (1)
0.03〔cal／cm・sec・℃〕以上、熱膨張係数が7.3
×10-6〔１／℃〕未満の、SiC、Si3N4、BN、
B4Cの中から選択された、少なくとも一種の非酸
化物セラミツクスによつて形成し、このトーチノ
ズルの内外周の全面に化学蒸着または物理蒸着に
よつて、TiC、TiN、TiC＋TiNの中から選択さ
れた、少なくとも一種のチタン化合物を一層また
は複層形成したことを特徴とするアーク溶接用ト
ーチノズル。[Claims] 1. A torch nozzle for arc welding that has a thermal conductivity of
0.03 [cal/cm・sec・℃] or more, thermal expansion coefficient 7.3
SiC, Si 3 N 4 , BN, less than ×10 -6 [1/℃]
It is made of at least one kind of non-oxide ceramic selected from B 4 C, and the torch nozzle is made of at least one non-oxide ceramic selected from TiC, TiN, and TiC+TiN by chemical vapor deposition or physical vapor deposition on the entire inner and outer periphery of the torch nozzle. Further, a torch nozzle for arc welding, characterized in that a single layer or multiple layers of at least one titanium compound are formed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59232864A JPS61111783A (en) | 1984-11-05 | 1984-11-05 | Torch nozzle for arc welding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59232864A JPS61111783A (en) | 1984-11-05 | 1984-11-05 | Torch nozzle for arc welding |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61111783A JPS61111783A (en) | 1986-05-29 |
| JPH0361546B2 true JPH0361546B2 (en) | 1991-09-20 |
Family
ID=16946015
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59232864A Granted JPS61111783A (en) | 1984-11-05 | 1984-11-05 | Torch nozzle for arc welding |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61111783A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4619810B2 (en) | 2005-02-15 | 2011-01-26 | 富士重工業株式会社 | Gas nozzle for arc welding |
| US20070090168A1 (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2007-04-26 | Snow Gerald F | Protective coating and coated welding tip and nozzle assembly |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5634677U (en) * | 1979-08-25 | 1981-04-04 |
-
1984
- 1984-11-05 JP JP59232864A patent/JPS61111783A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61111783A (en) | 1986-05-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |