JPH0363101A - Treatment of wood - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the abnormal shrinkage, crack and the like due to the collapse, crack and the like of cell during drying from occurring by a method wherein ammonium compound-containing timber or ligneous material is boiled. CONSTITUTION:Ammonium compound, which is prepared by introducing hydrocarbon radical or the like in alkyl ammonium salt, amidoammonium salt, amine salt or the like and, after being tuned into easily handleable liquid under normal temperature and normal pressure such as water solution or the like, is introduced in timber and ligneous material. When solvent such as water and the like is removed, boiling is performed by using moisture in the timber and ligneous material or by introducing steam from outside in order to act the ammonium compound on the timber and the like. Thus, the frequency of pH controlling operation due to outflowing carboxylic acid or phenols is reduced and the lowering of the purity of chemical fluid due to the reaction among extraction component, lignin and hemicellulose and the decrease of concentration due to evaporation can be prevented from occurring.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application J] The present invention relates to wood and a method for dimensional stabilizing wood materials.

[Conventional Technician and Problems] Conventionally, when an ammonium compound was applied to wood or wood materials, the treatment was carried out by heating an aqueous solution of the ammonium compound and immersing the wood or wood material in the solution.

This method simultaneously includes an impregnation step and a reaction step during the treatment process, which is preferable for simplifying the treatment process, and also swells the wood and wood material during the reaction step.
This is because moisture is necessary to increase contact with the substance and to generate additional compounds.

However, when the treatment is carried out under a heated aqueous solution, components extracted from wood and wood materials, as well as lignin and hemicellulose, are eluted into the aqueous solution, and the complexity of managing the aqueous solution has been a major obstacle to practical application. Furthermore, after treatment with an aqueous solution, wood and wood materials undergo a drying process to remove water.
Wood and wood materials become brittle when treated in an aqueous solution, and are prone to abnormal shrinkage and cracking due to cell collapse and cell cracking during drying.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned prior art, the present inventor has developed an ammonium solution that is a simpler system, does not require particular aqueous solution management, and does not cause damage to wood or wood materials. As a result of intensive research into treatment techniques using compounds, we were able to solve all of these problems, discover for the first time a completely new wood treatment method using ammonium compounds, and complete the present invention.

[Means to solve the problem]

That is, the present invention relates to a method for treating wood, which is characterized by treating wood and wood containing a compound in which part or all of the hydrogen of NH, ``is substituted with a hydrocarbon group, etc.'' with steam.

[Function] The ammonium compound in the present invention refers to an ammonium compound in which a hydrocarbon group or the like is introduced into an alkyl ammonium salt, an amide-bonded ammonium salt, an ester-bonded ammonium salt, an ether-bonded ammonium salt, a hydroxylammonium salt, a pyridinium salt, an amine salt, etc. However, these ammonium compounds can be stored at room temperature or in easy-to-handle solutions such as aqueous solutions.
It is made into a liquid under normal pressure and introduced into wood and wood materials.

After introduction, when or after removing solvents such as water, ammonium compounds can be made to interact with wood, etc. by using the moisture present in the wood and wood materials, or by introducing steam from the outside and steaming. . At this time, the material temperature and the water vapor temperature are preferably 80° C. or higher, and the heating time is preferably in the range of 1 to 24 hours, although it depends on the shape and species of the material.

Next, the treatment method of the present invention will be explained in more detail based on Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.Example 1 Oak sliced veneer (1850 ( LIX120 (m12
(T) m■) extracted from 150 (Ll x 1
20 (10 pieces of 11x 2ITI am divided into 2 groups of 5 pieces each.

One set was used for treatment and the other for untreated.

Five specimens for treatment were placed in a pressure tank, left for one hour at a vacuum level of 15 Torr, and then treated with LBDMAC (lauryl chloride).
benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) 3
A 0 wt% aqueous solution (PH9) was introduced into the pressure tank. Thereafter, pressure was applied at a gauge pressure of 10 at- for 3 hours, and an aqueous solution was injected into the test piece. Furthermore, to dry this sample, after drying it in a vacuum dryer (24 Torr, 103°C) for 1 hour, the air partial pressure was 24 Torr, and the water vapor partial pressure was 736 T.
The sample was steamed for 6 hours under the conditions of 98° C. orr (temperature: 98° C.) to obtain a treated specimen.

Five treated specimens and five untreated specimens were placed in a constant temperature constant temperature machine, and the dimensional stability at 95 to 60% RH (at 50° C.) was measured.

The expansion rate in Table 1 is the water content of 0% in the width 111 direction of the specimen.
It is the average value of each 5Il calculated based on the value at the time of , and ASE represents dimensional stability and is given by the following formula.

to SE = +S, -3l/S, X100 (
%) (i = 1 processing side Mi) [Comparative example] Comparative example 1 Each treated sample 5IW and untreated sample 5 similar to Example 1
I prepared a piece. LBD with 5 processing specimens kept at 95℃
Place it in a constant temperature pressure vessel containing a 30 wt% MAC aqueous solution and keep it at a gauge pressure of 2 atm and a liquid m of 100°C.
After leaving it for 0 minutes, it was heated to 100℃ at 1Oatm for 2 minutes.
The time-maintained chemical solution was injected and the reaction was performed. To dry, the specimen was placed in a vacuum dryer and heated at 24 Torr.
The treated specimen was left at 103° C. for 1 hour.

When this was evaluated for dimensional stability in the same manner as in Example 1, the results were as follows.

Furthermore, as shown in Tables 1 and 2, the effect of the present invention on dimensional stability is clear, and this invention is believed to be an epoch-making invention that will play a role in the future of ammonium compound treatment as a dimensional stabilization treatment that adds value to wood. It is.

[Effect of the invention] As shown in Example 1, since the ammonium compound is introduced into the wood at room temperature, there is relatively little leakage of extracted components from the wood to the chemical solution, and the leakage of carboxylic acids and phenols Not only does this reduce the frequency of pit management, but it also prevents a decrease in the purity of the chemical solution due to reaction with these extracted components and the simultaneously flowing out rigenin and hemicellulose, and a decrease in concentration due to evaporation.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A wood processing method characterized by steaming wood and wood containing ammonium compounds.