JPH0363615A - Optical variable coupler and method for selecting degree of optical coupling thereof - Google Patents
Optical variable coupler and method for selecting degree of optical coupling thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0363615A JPH0363615A JP20010589A JP20010589A JPH0363615A JP H0363615 A JPH0363615 A JP H0363615A JP 20010589 A JP20010589 A JP 20010589A JP 20010589 A JP20010589 A JP 20010589A JP H0363615 A JPH0363615 A JP H0363615A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- optical
- optical coupling
- refractive index
- degree
- coupler
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2821—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals
- G02B6/2826—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals using mechanical machining means for shaping of the couplers, e.g. grinding or polishing
- G02B6/283—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals using mechanical machining means for shaping of the couplers, e.g. grinding or polishing couplers being tunable or adjustable
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2821—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals
- G02B6/2826—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals using mechanical machining means for shaping of the couplers, e.g. grinding or polishing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2821—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals
- G02B6/2835—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals formed or shaped by thermal treatment, e.g. couplers
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、光信号を分配したり合流させる光可変結合器
に係わり、特に光結合度の選択が任意に行える光可変結
合器及びその光結合度選択方法に関する。Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a variable optical coupler that distributes or combines optical signals, and in particular to a variable optical coupler that allows the degree of optical coupling to be arbitrarily selected, and its optical variable coupler. This invention relates to a coupling degree selection method.
従来、この種の光可変結合器としては、融着延伸、法で
製作された光カプラの光結合部にＸ軸とＹ軸で方向性を
有する微小光学チップ（例えば偏波保存ファイバ片）を
２個挿入し、このチップの相互の角を回転させることに
よって光結合度を任意に選択するものや、第５図に示す
、略半円形状を有して融着され研磨法で製作された可変
結合端部ａ、ｂを備えた光伝送体ｃ、ｄを相対回転自在
に結合し、その相対回転の程度により光結合度を任意に
選択するものが知られている（特開昭６３−２５０６１
８号公報参照）。Conventionally, this type of variable optical coupler has been manufactured by attaching a micro optical chip (for example, a polarization-maintaining fiber piece) having directionality in the X and Y axes to the optical coupling part of an optical coupler manufactured by fusion-stretching. There is one in which two chips are inserted and the degree of optical coupling is arbitrarily selected by rotating the mutual angles of the two chips, and another in which the degree of optical coupling is arbitrarily selected by inserting two chips, and another in which the degree of optical coupling is arbitrarily selected by inserting two chips, or the one shown in FIG. It is known that optical transmission bodies c and d having variable coupling ends a and b are coupled so as to be relatively rotatable, and the degree of optical coupling is arbitrarily selected depending on the degree of relative rotation (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1983-1999). 25061
(See Publication No. 8).
従来の技術で述べたもののうち前者のものは、微小光学
チップを精密可動構造にする必要があり、構造が複雑で
高価になるという問題点を有していた。Among the conventional techniques, the former requires a micro optical chip to have a precisely movable structure, which has the problem of making the structure complicated and expensive.
また、後者のものは、可変結合端部ａ、ｂの研磨面の粗
さが光損失を生じ伝送効率を低下させるという問題点を
有していた。Furthermore, the latter has the problem that the roughness of the polished surfaces of the variable coupling ends a and b causes optical loss and reduces transmission efficiency.
本発明は、従来の技術の有するこのような問題点に鑑み
てなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、構造
が簡単で光損失も少ない光可変結合器を提供し、またそ
の光結合度選択方法も提案しようとするものである。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology, and its purpose is to provide a variable optical coupler with a simple structure and low optical loss, and to improve the optical coupling. This paper also attempts to propose a degree selection method.
上記目的を遠戚するために、本発明の光可変結合器は、
一対のシングルモード光ファイバの両端を少なくとも３
つの入出力ボートとしその中央部を融着延伸して光結合
部を形成し、該光結合部を密封中空容器内に収納し、該
密封中空容器の一部に光結合度を変える屈折率調整液の
注入部を設けたものである。In order to achieve the above object, the variable optical coupler of the present invention has the following features:
Connect each end of a pair of single-mode optical fibers to at least 3
Two input/output boats are fused and stretched at the center to form an optical coupling part, the optical coupling part is housed in a sealed hollow container, and a part of the sealed hollow container is used for refractive index adjustment to change the degree of optical coupling. It is equipped with a liquid injection part.
そして、その光結合度選択方法としては、密封中空容器
に注入される屈折率調整液の屈折率を変えて光結合度を
任意に選択するものである。なお、ここにいう屈折率調
整液はマツチングオイルと称して市販されている種々の
屈折率のものを使用することができる。The method for selecting the degree of optical coupling is to arbitrarily select the degree of optical coupling by changing the refractive index of the refractive index adjustment liquid injected into the sealed hollow container. The refractive index adjustment liquid referred to herein may be a matching oil having various refractive indexes that are commercially available.
（作用）
一対のシングルモード光ファイバの中央部を融着延伸し
て形成された光結合部は、一体化され細径化されている
ので、全体をコアとしその周囲の物質をクラッドとする
光ファイバとして作用する。(Function) The optical coupling part formed by fusing and stretching the central parts of a pair of single-mode optical fibers is integrated and has a small diameter, so the optical coupling part is formed by fusion-stretching the central parts of a pair of single-mode optical fibers, so that the optical coupling part is integrated and has a small diameter. Acts as a fiber.
そこで、この部分を密封中空容器内に収納すると共に屈
折率調整液の注入部を設け、その周囲の物質を例えば空
気から特定の屈折率調整液へと変更可能の構造とした。Therefore, this part is housed in a sealed hollow container, and an injection part for the refractive index adjusting liquid is provided, so that the material around it can be changed from air to a specific refractive index adjusting liquid.
そして、周囲の物質を例えば空気から特定の屈折率調整
液へと変更すると、エアークラツド光ファイバから調整
液クラツド光ファイバとなり、光の伝播定数が変わり光
結合度が変化する。したがって、屈折率調整液の屈折率
を変えると光結合度が任意に選択される。Then, when the surrounding material is changed from air to a specific refractive index adjustment liquid, the air-clad optical fiber becomes an adjustment liquid-clad optical fiber, and the light propagation constant changes and the degree of optical coupling changes. Therefore, by changing the refractive index of the refractive index adjustment liquid, the degree of optical coupling can be arbitrarily selected.
以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.
第１図は光可変結合器を示す断面図、第２図は光結合部
を示す斜視図、第３図は光可変結合器の作動を示す図で
ある。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the variable optical coupler, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the optical coupling section, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the operation of the variable optical coupler.
光可変結合器の垂直断面図である第１図（ａ）及びその
水平断面図である第１図（ｂ）において、光可変結合器
ｌは、光ファイバカプラ２と、この光フアイバカプラ２
を収納する密封中空容器３と、この密封中空容器３の両
端を構威し屈折率調整液の注入部でもあるキャップ４と
から構成されている。なお、５，５は光ファイバカプラ
２の支持材である。In FIG. 1(a), which is a vertical sectional view of the variable optical coupler, and FIG. 1(b), which is a horizontal sectional view thereof, the variable optical coupler l includes an optical fiber coupler 2 and an optical fiber coupler 2.
It is composed of a sealed hollow container 3 for storing the refractive index adjustment liquid, and a cap 4 which covers both ends of the sealed hollow container 3 and also serves as an inlet for the refractive index adjustment liquid. Note that 5 and 5 are supporting materials for the optical fiber coupler 2.
第２図に示されるように、光フアイバカプラ２は一対の
シングルモード光ファイバ６．７を引き揃えて、その両
端を入力ポート■、■及び出力ポート■、■とし、その
中央部を一体化及び細径化して光結合部８を形成したも
のである。光結合部８では光フアイバ６．７が細径化さ
れ一体化されているので、そのコア６ｃ、７ｃは細い線
となり、一体化されたクラッド６ｄ、７ｄ全体に光が伝
送され、光結合部８がコアとして光結合部８の周囲の物
質９がクラッドとして作用するようになる。As shown in Fig. 2, the optical fiber coupler 2 aligns a pair of single-mode optical fibers 6.7, uses input ports ■, ■ and output ports ■, ■ at both ends, and integrates the central part. The optical coupling portion 8 is formed by reducing the diameter. In the optical coupling section 8, the optical fibers 6.7 are made smaller in diameter and integrated, so their cores 6c and 7c become thin wires, and light is transmitted throughout the integrated claddings 6d and 7d. 8 acts as a core, and the material 9 around the optical coupling part 8 acts as a cladding.
この光結合部８の長さＬは、周囲の物質９の屈折率によ
る光結合部８の伝播定数との兼ね合いと共に、出力ボー
ト■、■における所望の出力範囲が確保されるように決
められる０例えば、周囲の物質９が空気であるときは、
入力ポート■から出力ボート■へ１００％出力されるよ
うに光結合部８の長さＬを決めて製作し、周囲の物質９
を屈折率調整液に置き変えて出力ボート■へ１００％出
力されるようにするものである。なお、入力ボート■、
■と出力ポート■、■には図示されないコネクタが設け
られている。また、図示の２×２ボートに限らず、例え
ば入力ボート■をプラグした１×２ポートとして使用す
ることができる。The length L of this optical coupling part 8 is determined so as to balance the propagation constant of the optical coupling part 8 due to the refractive index of the surrounding material 9, and to ensure the desired output range in the output ports (2) and (2). For example, when the surrounding substance 9 is air,
The length L of the optical coupling part 8 is determined and manufactured so that 100% output is output from the input port ■ to the output boat ■, and the surrounding material 9
is replaced with a refractive index adjustment liquid so that 100% of the refractive index is output to the output boat (2). In addition, the input boat ■,
Connectors (not shown) are provided at (1) and output ports (2) and (2). Further, the present invention is not limited to the 2×2 port shown in the drawings, but can be used as a 1×2 port to which the input port (2) is plugged, for example.
第１図に戻り、光フアイバカプラ２は密封中空容器３内
に支持材５を介して固定されており、特にその光結合部
８が宙づり状態となって屈折率調整液にその周囲全面が
浸されるようになっている。Returning to FIG. 1, the optical fiber coupler 2 is fixed in a sealed hollow container 3 via a support member 5, and in particular, its optical coupling portion 8 is suspended in the air, and its entire surrounding area is immersed in the refractive index adjustment liquid. It is now possible to do so.
そして、この密封中空容器３は注入された屈折率調整液
を封じ込めておき気密を保つことができ構造になってい
る。なお、密封中空容器３の形状は円筒であるが、これ
に限らず直方体等であってもよく、少なくとも光結合部
８が屈折率調整液内に浸すことができる構造になってお
ればよい。The hermetically sealed hollow container 3 has a structure that allows it to contain the injected refractive index adjustment liquid and maintain airtightness. The shape of the sealed hollow container 3 is cylindrical, but is not limited to this, and may be a rectangular parallelepiped, as long as it has a structure that allows at least the optical coupling portion 8 to be immersed in the refractive index adjustment liquid.
密封中空容器３の両側は屈折率調整液の注入部であるキ
ャップ４となっており、光フアイバカブラ２の入カポー
ト■、■と出力ポート■、■の取り出し口でもある。そ
して、このキャップ４は接着材等で密封中空容器３と一
体化されている。また、キャップ４の材質はウレタンゴ
ムの如く柔らかいゴム質のものとなっている。したがっ
て、このキャップ４に注射器を刺して内部に屈折率調整
液を注入（入れ替えや高濃度のものとの混合のための注
入を含む）できるようになっている、なお、このキャッ
プ４は少なくとも一端に設けられるものでよい、さらに
、両端に限らず密封中空容器３の側面にマンホール状の
注入部を設けるものでもよい、さらに、注射器が刺せる
柔軟材の注入部に限らず、取り外し自在なネジプラグを
密封中空容器３の適所に少なくとも１つ設は直接屈折率
調整液を注入できるものでもよい。Both sides of the sealed hollow container 3 are caps 4 which are injection parts for the refractive index adjustment liquid, and are also the outlet ports for the input ports (2) and (2) and the output ports (2) and (2) of the optical fiber coupler 2. This cap 4 is integrated with the sealed hollow container 3 using an adhesive or the like. The material of the cap 4 is soft rubber such as urethane rubber. Therefore, it is possible to insert a syringe into this cap 4 and inject the refractive index adjusting liquid into the interior (including injection for replacement or mixing with a high concentration liquid). Furthermore, a manhole-shaped injection part may be provided not only at both ends but also on the side of the sealed hollow container 3.Furthermore, it is not limited to an injection part made of a flexible material that can be inserted with a syringe, and a removable screw plug may be provided. At least one container may be provided at a suitable location in the sealed hollow container 3 to allow direct injection of the refractive index adjustment liquid.
つぎに、第３図により、光可変結合器１の作動を説明す
る。Next, the operation of the variable optical coupler 1 will be explained with reference to FIG.
第３図（ａ）は光結合度〔■出力／（■出力子■出力）
で定義されるもの〕が０から１００％へ切り変わる状態
を示し、第３図（ｂ）は光結合度が５０％の状態を示す
図である。Figure 3 (a) shows the degree of optical coupling [■output/(■output child■output)]
FIG. 3(b) shows a state where the degree of optical coupling is 50%.
第３図（ａ）において、光結合部８は、周囲物質が空気
の場合に実線の■→■の経路のもの（光結合度０％）に
なるように、固定して製作されたものである。その場合
のＡ、Ｂ、Ｃ点における光強度分布を実線で示す、Ａ、
Ｃ点では基本モードであるが、Ｂ点では第１高次モード
となっている。In Fig. 3(a), the optical coupling part 8 is fixed and manufactured so that when the surrounding substance is air, the path is as shown by the solid line ■→■ (optical coupling degree 0%). be. The light intensity distribution at points A, B, and C in that case is shown by a solid line.
At point C, it is in the fundamental mode, but at point B, it is in the first higher order mode.
つぎに、この光結合部８の周囲に屈折率調整液ｌＯを注
入すると、伝播定款が変わり、点線の■→■の経路のも
の（光結合度１００％）となった状態を示す、そして、
光強度分布は実線と対称な点線の分布となる。このよう
に、屈折率調整液ｌＯの屈折率を選定すると光結合度０
〜１００％への任意の選定が可能である。第３図（ｂ）
において、屈折率調整液１１を中間的なものにして、光
結合度を５０％としたものである。光強度分布はＣ点で
も第１高次モードとなって、ボート■と■に等しい光強
度（元のＡ）で分岐することとなる。Next, when the refractive index adjustment liquid lO is injected around this optical coupling part 8, the propagation articles of incorporation change, and the state is shown in which the path of the dotted line ■ → ■ becomes (optical coupling degree 100%).
The light intensity distribution is a dotted line distribution that is symmetrical to the solid line. In this way, when the refractive index of the refractive index adjustment liquid IO is selected, the optical coupling degree is 0.
Any selection from ~100% is possible. Figure 3(b)
In this example, the refractive index adjustment liquid 11 is used as an intermediate liquid, and the degree of optical coupling is set to 50%. The light intensity distribution also becomes the first higher-order mode at point C, and branches at the light intensity (original A) equal to the boats ■ and ■.
つぎに、本発明の光可変結合器を用いて、光伝送路を無
瞬断で切り換える方法を第４図により説明する。Next, a method for switching an optical transmission line without momentary interruption using the variable optical coupler of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.
一般に、市外地の通信ケーブルは、ケーブルの故障、ケ
ーブルの移転などに起因した布設ルート変更のため、迂
回ルートに切り換えられることが少なからずあり、これ
に際しては、現用情報伝送に支障をきたすことのない無
瞬断切換が要求される。この無瞬断切換に本発明の光可
変結合器が最適である。In general, communication cables in suburban areas are often switched to detour routes due to cable failures, cable relocation, etc. No interruption-free switching is required. The variable optical coupler of the present invention is most suitable for this type of switching without interruption.
第４図（ａ）において、光伝送路の転意の区間の現用光
フアイバ線路１２′を予備光フアイバ線路１３と無瞬断
で切り換える場合、
（ａ） まず、前記任意の切換区間とその両側の隣接
区間の間に少なくとも３つのボートを有する本発明の光
可変結合器１４．１５を設ける。In FIG. 4(a), when switching the working optical fiber line 12' in the section of the optical transmission line to be switched to the standby optical fiber line 13 without momentary interruption, (a) First, the arbitrary switching section and both sides thereof. An optical variable coupler 14, 15 of the present invention is provided having at least three boats between adjacent sections.
（ｂ） この２つの光可変結合器１４．１５のうち光
可変結合器１４の入力側ボート■および光可変結合器１
５の出力側ポート０に前記両側の隣接区間の現用光フア
イバ線路１２を接続し、切換区間の現用１２′および予
備光フアイバ線路１３の両端をそれぞれ光可変結合器１
４の出力側ポート＠［相］と光可変結合器１５の入力側
ボート［相］［相］とに接続する。(b) Of these two variable optical couplers 14 and 15, the input port of the variable optical coupler 14 and the variable optical coupler 1
The working optical fiber lines 12 of the adjacent sections on both sides are connected to the output side port 0 of 5, and both ends of the working optical fiber lines 12' and the standby optical fiber lines 13 of the switching section are connected to the optical variable coupler 1.
4 and the input side port [phase] of the optical variable coupler 15.
（Ｃ） 第４図（ｂ）に示すように、少なくとも光可
変結合器の光結合部１４ａ、１５ｂ＠覆うように設けた
密封中空容器中に光可変結合器１４．１５のシングルモ
ード光ファイバのクラツド材よりも低い屈折率を有する
屈折率調整液１６を注入して少なくとも前記光可変結合
器の光結合部１４ａ。(C) As shown in FIG. 4(b), the single mode optical fibers of the variable optical coupler 14 and 15 are placed in a sealed hollow container provided to cover at least the optical coupling parts 14a and 15b of the variable optical coupler. A refractive index adjustment liquid 16 having a refractive index lower than that of the clad material is injected into at least the optical coupling portion 14a of the variable optical coupler.
１５ｂを浸して光結合度を５０％にする（第３図（ｂ）
の状Ｂ）、すなわち、切換区間の現用１２′および予備
光フアイバ線路１３は各々Ｘ強度となっている。15b to increase the degree of optical coupling to 50% (Fig. 3(b)
In state B), the working optical fiber line 12' and the standby optical fiber line 13 in the switching section each have an intensity of X.
（ｄ） さらに、別の屈折率調整液を注入（入れ替え
又は混合による）して屈折率をより高くし、光結合度を
１００％にする（第３図（ａ）の状Ｊｌりにする。すな
わち、切換区間の現用光ファイバ線路１２’は強度Ｏで
あり、予備光フアイバ線路１３は強度１となっている。(d) Furthermore, another refractive index adjustment liquid is injected (by replacement or mixing) to make the refractive index higher and the degree of optical coupling to 100% (to the state shown in FIG. 3(a)). That is, the working optical fiber line 12' in the switching section has a strength of O, and the standby optical fiber line 13 has a strength of 1.
したがって、現用光フアイバ線路１２′から予備光フア
イバ線路１３に切り換わる。Therefore, the working optical fiber line 12' is switched to the backup optical fiber line 13.
以上のように、単に屈折率調整液を注入するという操作
のみで、光損失を抑えて光結合度を変え無瞬断切換が遠
戚される。As described above, by simply injecting the refractive index adjustment liquid, optical loss can be suppressed, the degree of optical coupling can be changed, and uninterrupted switching can be achieved.
本発明は、上述のように構成されているので、以下に記
載する効果を奏する。Since the present invention is configured as described above, it produces the effects described below.
一対のシングルモード光ファイバの両端ヲ少なくとも３
つの入出力ボートとしその中央部を融着延伸して光結合
部を形成し、該光結合部を密封中空容器内に収納し、該
密封中空容器の一部に光結合度を変える屈折率調整液の
注入部を設け、光結合部の周囲の物質をクラッドとする
光ファイバとして作用せしめ、その周囲の物質を簡単に
変更できるようにしたので、光ファイバに断続部がなく
て光損失が少なく、全体の構造が簡単な光可変結合器と
なる。At least 3 at each end of a pair of single mode optical fibers
Two input/output boats are fused and stretched at the center to form an optical coupling part, the optical coupling part is housed in a sealed hollow container, and a part of the sealed hollow container is used for refractive index adjustment to change the degree of optical coupling. A liquid injection part is provided, and the material around the optical coupling part acts as a cladding optical fiber, and the surrounding material can be easily changed, so there are no discontinuities in the optical fiber and there is less optical loss. This results in an optical variable coupler with a simple overall structure.
そして、密封中空容器に注入される屈折率調整液の屈折
率を変えて光結合度を任意に選択するという光結合度選
択方法であり、単に屈折率調整液の変更という簡単な操
作で光結合度を任意に選択できる方法である。This is an optical coupling degree selection method in which the degree of optical coupling is arbitrarily selected by changing the refractive index of the refractive index adjusting liquid injected into a sealed hollow container. This method allows you to select the degree arbitrarily.
第１図は光可変結合器を示す断面図、第２図は光結合部
を示す斜視図、第３図は光可変結合器の作動を示す図、
第４図は光可変結合器の使用例を示す図、第５図は従来
の光可変結合器を示す図である。なお、図中の主な符号
の説明は以下の通りである。
１．１４．１５−・・光可変結合器、
２・・・光フアイバカプラ、
３・・・密封中空容器、
４・・・キャップ（注入部）、
８・・・光結合部、
１０、 １１． １６−・・屈折率調整液、■、■、■
、■・・・入出力ポート。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the variable optical coupler, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the optical coupling section, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the operation of the variable optical coupler.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the use of a variable optical coupler, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a conventional variable optical coupler. The explanations of the main symbols in the figure are as follows. 1.14.15--... Optical variable coupler, 2... Optical fiber coupler, 3... Sealed hollow container, 4... Cap (injection part), 8... Optical coupling part, 10, 11 ．． 16-...Refractive index adjustment liquid, ■, ■, ■
,■...I/O port.
Claims (2)
とも３つの入出力ポートとしその中央部を融着延伸して
光結合部を形成し、該光結合部を密封中空容器内に収納
し、該密封中空容器の一部に光結合度を変える屈折率調
整液の注入部を設けたことを特徴とする光可変結合器。(1) Both ends of a pair of single-mode optical fibers are made into at least three input/output ports, and the center portions are fused and stretched to form an optical coupling part, and the optical coupling part is housed in a sealed hollow container. 1. A variable optical coupler, characterized in that a part of a hollow container is provided with an injection part for a refractive index adjustment liquid that changes the degree of optical coupling.
容器に注入される屈折率調整液の屈折率を変えて光結合
度を任意に選択することを特徴とする光結合度調整方法
。(2) A method for adjusting the degree of optical coupling in the variable optical coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that the degree of optical coupling is arbitrarily selected by changing the refractive index of a refractive index adjusting liquid injected into the sealed hollow container.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20010589A JPH0827434B2 (en) | 1989-07-31 | 1989-07-31 | Optical variable coupler and optical coupling degree selection method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20010589A JPH0827434B2 (en) | 1989-07-31 | 1989-07-31 | Optical variable coupler and optical coupling degree selection method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0363615A true JPH0363615A (en) | 1991-03-19 |
| JPH0827434B2 JPH0827434B2 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
Family
ID=16418919
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20010589A Expired - Lifetime JPH0827434B2 (en) | 1989-07-31 | 1989-07-31 | Optical variable coupler and optical coupling degree selection method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0827434B2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0827434B2 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
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