JPH0365989A - Keyboard device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stably obtain a piano touch for a long period by providing a hammer which is supported rotatably below the front part of a key and a hammer reception part which abuts on part of the hammer slidably. CONSTITUTION:Hammers 36 and 40 are supported rotatably below the front parts of keys 3A and 3B and hammer reception parts 7 and 24 abut slidably on parts of the hammers 36 and 40. Therefore, when one key is pressed, its moving body slides along a slide surface against a frictional force while its center gravity moves in the lengthwise direction of the key. Further, a force varies with the difference between a force which operates vertically on the slide surface at the start point of the key depression and a force which operates vertically on the slide surface at the end of the key depression, and the reaction that the finger receive decreases gradually as the key is depressed. Consequently, the stable piano touch is obtained for a long period.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a keyboard device suitable for application to electronic musical instruments such as electronic pianos and electronic organs, and particularly relates to a keyboard device suitable for application to electronic musical instruments such as electronic pianos and electronic organs. Regarding improvement of feeling.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, in the keyboard device of an electronic instrument, the key switch can be opened and closed by pressing the key, so the performer has to apply the force necessary to turn the key and the force required to close the key switch. By adding the total force required for , it is possible to generate musical tones.

On the other hand, on the piano, which is a natural musical instrument, the hammers are driven by the key presses, and the hammers strike the strings to generate musical sounds. It is accompanied by a sense of surroundings. Therefore, when playing the piano, the fingertips are given a unique feel called piano touch.

By the way, in recent years, it has become possible for the electronic musical instruments mentioned above to generate musical tones that approximate the musical tones generated by a piano, and for this reason, the Wol! The above-mentioned piano touch is now required of devices as well.

In view of these points, an I2 board device for an electronic musical instrument that provides a sufficient sense of questioning when a key is pressed has been known.

First, the keyboard device (first prior art) described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-133591 has metal weights attached to the tips of six keys in order to obtain a textured feel when keys are pressed.

In addition, the mm device (second prior art) described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-128397 rotates the six keys by engaging a circular arc-shaped recess formed at the base end of the six keys with a cylindrical bottle. In addition to being freely supported, the moving distance of the hammer that moves in conjunction with the push RiIIJ operation is expanded to provide a sense of mass.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the first prior art described above, the mass of the key is simply increased using a weight, so although a sense of mass can be obtained, the mass of the keyboard device itself increases and movement becomes difficult. It has become difficult.

On the other hand, in the second conventional technique described above, it is possible to obtain a piano touch like the first conventional technique, but because the movable body is returned to its original position using only a leaf spring and the key is returned in conjunction with this, the key cannot be pressed. recovery is slow, and therefore early trill performance cannot be performed.

By the way, as an essential element to obtain a piano touch, there is hysteresis in key depression and key release when the reaction force on the finger when pressing a key and the key stroke are plotted on the vertical and horizontal axes. 2. In the conventional technology, hysteresis is formed by the frictional engagement between the four parts of the base end of the key and the bottle, so when the number of key presses is on the order of 100,000 times, variations occur in each interval of hysteresis. , it becomes difficult to play.

The present invention overcomes the above-mentioned problems with the conventional devices, and despite reducing the actual mass, it is possible to obtain an apparently large texture, and even when the number of key presses is increased, the hysteresis does not vary. To provide a keyboard device which enables a stable piano touch over a major II by not causing the tIi key, and also enables an early trill performance by setting the tIi key early.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the keyboard device according to claim 1 includes a key rotatably supported at the rear by a fulcrum, and a key at the front &!
Turn the key into a non-operating state lol? (4) a return means, a hammer rotatably supported below the front of the key, and a hammer receiver slidably abutting a part of the hammer that rotates in accordance with the key depression operation. It is characterized by becoming.

Further, the m-board device according to claim 2 is the one according to claim 1, and is provided with a plurality of keys consisting of a white key and a black key, and a double key hammer pivotally connected to each white key is used as a key. It is characterized by the fact that it rotates backwards, and also rotates the multiple hammers that are pivotally attached to each of the keys in front of the key.

Furthermore, in the keyboard device according to claim 3, in the keyboard device according to claim 1 or 2, the curvature suddenly changes in at least one of the sliding movement of a part of the hammer and the sliding movement of the hammer receiving part. It is characterized by the formation of a part that

(Function) The key of claim 1 consisting of the above-mentioned configuration! According to the ll device, when a key is pressed, the movable body moves its center of gravity in the longitudinal direction of the key and slides along the sliding surface while resisting frictional force. Also, the force acting perpendicular to the sliding movement at the start of the key press, and the force acting perpendicularly to the sliding movement at the beginning of the key press, and ll! at the end of the key press. The force changes due to the difference between the force acting perpendicularly to the 11th plane, and as a result, the reaction force applied to the fingers becomes gradually smaller as the keys are pressed, thereby making it possible to obtain a piano touch.

According to the keyboard device of claim 2, in addition to the effect of claim 1, the space inside the rule is effectively used to move the white key movable body and the black key movable body mutually when moving. It can be stored without interfering with the

Furthermore, according to the I-panel device of claim 3, claim 1
In addition to the effects of the first and second terms, it is possible to emphasize the smooth touch feeling when pressing a piano key.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

Figure 1 is the key to the present invention! 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the device, with the player positioned on the left side in the figure.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a frame of the aS device. This frame 1 is formed from the front end to the rear end of the R-board device, and reinforcing ribs are provided at various positions on this frame 1. 2, 2... are stretched.

As shown in FIG. 2, at the front end of the frame 1, a white key portion 4 is formed which extends in the alignment direction of a plurality of white keys 3A, 3A, . . . of the keys 3, which will be described later. A thick felt cloth 5 is stretched over the white key part 4.

In addition, this white key amount is displayed at the rear end of section 4 for each white m3 when the key is pressed.
A plurality of guide rods 6, 6, . . . for guiding A are erected so as to correspond to each white 1!3A. A hammer receiving part 7 extending in the alignment direction of the white keys 3A is formed at a position slightly higher than the white key part 4 on the frame 1, which is slightly behind the white key part 4. Is the felt cloth 8 inside the thickness? A is set up.

On the frame 1 rearward of the hammer receiving part 7, a plurality of black keys 3B of the part 3 are provided at positions lower than the hammer receiving part 7.
, 3B, . . . , a portion 9 is formed in the black key portion extending in the alignment direction, and a thick felt cloth 10 is stretched over the portion 9 of the black key portion. Further, at the rear end of the felt cloth 10, a plurality of guide rods 11° 11 . . . for guiding each black key 3B at the time of pressing are erected so as to correspond to each black key 3B.

A plate portion 12 located at a high position is formed at the intermediate portion of the guide rod 11 in the front-rear direction, and this plate portion 12 includes the following:
A pair of key switches 13A, 13 [corresponding to each tR3 and for outputting two different types of signals depending on the key press state.
3 are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the key. , a printed circuit board 14 supported by the frame 1 is disposed near the bottom of each key switch 13A, 13B, and a rubber plate 15 is sandwiched between the printed circuit board 14 and the frame 1. ing. This rubber plate 15 has
A plurality of pairs of rubber cylindrical bodies 16A and 16B protrude upward corresponding to each key 3, and each cylindrical body 1
6 is disposed so as to face each pair of actuators 17A and 17B protruding from the lower part of each tII3.

Each of the cylindrical bodies 16 has a small diameter part 19 connected above a large diameter part 18, and inside each cylindrical body 16 there is a type of tact switch ( (not shown) is stored. and,
By pressing down each key 3, the actuator 17A,
17B is lowered, the plunger of the tact switch is lowered, and the corresponding circuit is closed.

Among the cylindrical bodies 16, the cylindrical body 16A located in front of each key 3 is #J! in the free state. It is positioned so as to be almost in contact with the corresponding actuator 17A of No. 3, and! ! When the key No. 3 is pressed, the small diameter portion 19 is pushed into the large diameter portion 18 and flexes greatly, thereby storing elastic force. Note that when the stroke of the key reaches a certain point and the deflection becomes large, buckling occurs and the compressive stress does not increase any further. Further, at the lower end of the actuator 17A, a protrusion (
(not shown) is provided protrudingly. On the other hand, the cylindrical body 16B located on the rear side of each 113 is largely separated from the corresponding actuator 17B of the key 3 in the free state.
It is said that it only flexes a little at the end of the 113 key press.

A long receiving portion 20 projecting downward is formed on the front edge of the rubber plate 15, and a stopper 21 protruding from each [13] contacts each receiving portion t'J520 at the upper limit position. It looks like a vine.

A subframe 22 is attached to the lower end of the front portion of the frame 1, and reinforcing ribs 23 are also stretched over this subframe 22. A hammer receiving portion 24 extending in the alignment direction of the PTI black keys 3B is formed at the front end of the one-piece frame 22.
A thick felt cloth 25 is stretched over the top.

Of each key 3 above! ! An upright plate portion 26 is integrally formed at the end, and a short leaf spring extending in the vertical direction is integrally provided on this plate portion 26. . This leaf spring 27 is for allowing each 123 to rotate to a certain extent in the horizontal direction. Further, a plate portion 28 in a nearly upright state is integrally formed at the end of the leaf spring 27, and a long leaf spring 29 extending in the horizontal direction is attached to the plate portion 28. are integrally protruded. This leaf spring 29 is for allowing each key 3 to rotate when the key is pressed. Furthermore, support plates 30 for connecting some of the keys 3 are integrally protruded from the ends of the leaf springs 29, and the plurality of support plates 30 are overlapped to connect the plurality of screws 31. By fixing the key 3 to the frame 1, each key 3 is rotatably supported by the action of the leaf spring 29.

At the lower part of the front end of each white #13A of each tj13,
When a key is pressed, the guide portion 32, which has a U-shaped cross section along the guide rod 6, presses g! Also, each S of each key 3
The guide rod 1 is attached to the lower part of the front end of the key 3B when the key is pressed.
A guide portion 33 having a U-shaped cross section along 1 is vertically provided. Note that each white key 3A and each black key 13B guide portion 32.
The lower end of the lock 33 is adapted to sit and hang on the felt cloth 5.10 of each lock receiver 4.9 of the frame 1 when the key is pressed.

In front of the white lock receiving part 4 and near the guide part 32 of each bracket 34, a bracket 34 having a U-shaped cross section is installed vertically, and each bracket 34 has a support extending in the horizontal direction. A shaft 35 is provided protrudingly. Each support shaft 35 supports a hammer 36 that is rotatable in a vertical plane. Each hammer 36 is made of resin, and one end of the hammer 36 on the front side far away from the center of gravity is pivotally attached to the support shaft 35 .

Further, each hammer 36 has a bulging, substantially arc-shaped sliding surface that slides along the felt cloth 8 of the hammer receiving portion 7, and each sliding surface is always seated on the felt cloth 81. ing.

On the other hand, at the front end of each black key 3B rearward from the black lock receiving part 9, a bracket 38 having a U-shaped cross section is installed vertically, and each bracket 38 has a support extending horizontally. A shaft 39 is provided protrudingly. Each support shaft 39 supports a rotatable hammer 40 in a vertical plane.

Each hammer 40 is made of resin, and the support shaft 3
9, one end of the hammer 40 on the rear side far away from the center of gravity is pivotally attached. Further, each hammer 40 has a bulging, approximately arc-shaped diseased surface 41 that slides along the felt cloth 25 of the hammer receiving portion 24, and each movable surface 41 is always on the felt cloth 25. is seated.

By the way, when each of the hammers 36° 40 moves when a key is pressed, the I! 3 will receive the following reaction force.

R: Reaction force m that the hammer 36.40 receives from the surface of the felt cloth 8.25 when the hammer 36.40 is considered as a glass body supported by a lever.: Texture of the hammers 36, 40 Q:? I! Acceleration of force F: Plowing force μ between key 3 and hammer 36.40: Motion I between hammer 36.40 and felt cloth 8°25! ?
! Assuming friction coefficient μR: jl friction force, as shown in Figure 3, R = m o + F sin θ... (1>*
When ff1m moves with acceleration a, from the equation of motion, F cosθ-u R-m a ...--(2) P
If l is the vertical force that the hammer 36.40 gives to the key 3, then P 1 = F Slnθ (3),
Equations (1), (2), and (3) become as follows.

According to this equation (4), the acceleration coefficient changes with 123 strokes, and a piano-like touch is realized.

In addition, the force generated by FJ rubbing produces an effect similar to texture (2), so it is possible to lighten the key 3 and create an arbitrary texture.

By the way, by rotating while changing the coefficient in equation (4) when θ is the horizontal axis and #J19FM coefficient μ is the pa coefficient - ta, Part 2: Reaction force α received by the finger when pressing the key: Hammer 36 Acceleration during movement of .40 χ : Distance traveled by the hammer 36.40 vo : Initial velocity of the hammers 36, 40, that is, Ot : Time required for the movement of the hammer 36.40, then the second
According to the law, P2=mα...(5) holds true. Also, the moving distance of the hammer 36.40 is as follows, and since Vo=O, it becomes as shown in Figure 4 from equation (6), and any movement rt! It can be seen that the reaction force Pl becomes smaller as the key depression progresses in terms of the friction coefficient as well.

On the other hand, each of the hammers 36, 40 hits each felt cloth 8.25 using the space below each key 3. Therefore, by substituting equation (5) into equation (7) and arranging it, we get the following.

By forming a space below each key 3, the hammer 36
．． The moving distance χ of the hammer 36.40 can be made large, and as a result, from the formula (8>), the reaction force part 2 can be made large for [1 of the keyboard device.In other words, the quality ff1m of the hammer 36.40 is small. However, if the moving distance χ is made large, a predetermined reaction force portion 2 can be obtained.

Incidentally, thick felt cloth 42.43 projecting upward is attached to each of the hammers 36.40, and on the other hand,
Each white t113Δ and black key 3B is covered with the felt cloth 42.
Stoppers 44 and 45 opposite to 43 are provided in a protruding manner.

Then, these stoppers 44 and 45 move the white key 3Δ, the black J! 3
Before the lower end of the guide part 32.33 of B is seated on the felt cloth 5, 10 of each lock receiving part 4.9, the felt cloth 42°4
3 to cushion the shock when the key is pressed.

Next, the operation of this embodiment having the above-described configuration will be explained.

When you put your finger on the desired white key 3A or black key 123B and press it down, the leaf spring 29 and the cylindrical body 16A of the key switch 13A bend, and the hammer 36 or 40 moves into the hammer receiving part 7.
or 24 felt cloth 8 or 25 on fulcrum 35.3
IP while rotating 9 times! Part 71. Then, switch 1 is pressed by the stroke of the white key 3A and black key 3B.
Only switch 3A or both switches 13A and 13[3 are opened, and a musical tone of a predetermined pitch and volume is generated.

By the way, when the white keys 13A and the black keys 13B are pressed, the pressed keys 3 are pressed against each other by a reaction force due to the deflection of the leaf spring 29 supporting the keys 13, and one of the actuators 1A and 3 are pressed against each other. A reaction force due to the bending of the cylindrical body 16A of the key switch 13A and a reaction force due to the movement of the hammer 36, 40 are received, and this reaction force is transmitted to the finger. Of these, the reaction force due to the deflection of the leaf spring 29 is directly proportional to the stroke of the key press, and the reaction force due to the deflection of the cylindrical body 16A is directly proportional to the stroke of the key press halfway as described above, but this stroke is When it reaches this point, the cylindrical body 16A will buckle and will no longer increase in size.

Further, the movement of the hammers 36 and 40 is divided into two parts, one of which is the angle that intersects with the horizontal direction of the line segment connecting the center of gravity of the hammers 36 and 40 moved by putJP and the key press position. The other is the reaction force P1 of the equation (4) that changes in accordance with the change in As shown in Fig. 3, the reaction force Pl gradually becomes smaller as the key press progresses, and the reaction force P2 is mainly caused by the acceleration of the key press, the length of the key press that changes accordingly, and the reaction force P2. It is related to the travel distance of the hammer.

As described above, when a key is pressed, four types of reaction forces act on the fingers, and among these, the reaction force Pl allows a touch similar to that of a piano touch to be obtained. Moreover, the feeling caused by this reaction force Pl is the dynamic friction coefficient μ in Fig. 3.
By appropriately selecting the range of the angle of inclination θ and the range of the inclination angle θ, different sensations can be obtained. In addition, the reaction force Pl and the reaction force P2
acts as if it were the mass of a normal piano key, so
MM of each key 3! You can get a great sense of texture even if you make it small.

J3, when the force of the fingers applied to each t113 is released, due to the elasticity of the cylindrical body 16A of the key switch 13A and the leaf spring 29, each [3 is a small 'R1 body, which quickly returns to its original state against the inertia of the hammer. Since the state is restored, the trill performance can be performed stably.

According to the above-mentioned embodiment, it is possible to obtain a feel similar to that of a piano touch when pressing a key, and the quality is still sufficient even if the mass of the t113 and the hammer 36.40 is reduced to reduce the overall weight. You can get a feeling of smoothness and touch.

Furthermore, the weight can be reduced, the keyboard strength can be increased, and the overall weight of the instrument can also be reduced, so there is more room for various tests such as drop tests.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above,
Various changes can be made as necessary.

For example, as for the sliding movement of the hammer, the horizontal planar hammer receiving portions 7 and 24 in the above-mentioned embodiment
It is not limited to this, and can be formed into various shapes in order to obtain a desired sense of mass.

FIG. 5 shows a first embodiment of the layered moving surface, and the layered moving surface 46 is composed of a horizontal plane and an upwardly projecting protruding surface (curved surface) communicating with this plane. 6 shows a second embodiment of the layered dynamic surface,
The sliding surface 47 is an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to a horizontal surface. In particular, when the hammer 36 (40) as a movable body passes through the protruding surface shown in FIG.
Instead of 6, the hammer 36 (40) may be formed with a protruding surface whose curvature changes rapidly.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 7, a hammer 36 as a moving body
(40) Without sliding the hammer 36 (4)
A pair of active surfaces 4B, 48 (
Hammer 36 (40)
The bottles 49 protruding from each other may be made to follow each sliding movement 48 as if in line contact.

In addition, the center of gravity of the hammer 36 (40), which is a moving body, is
As shown in FIG. 8, it may be located above the active surface 50, or as shown in FIG. 9, it may be located below the sliding surface 50. It is clear from equation (8) that P2 increases more in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 than in the embodiment shown in FIG.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, although the actual mass is reduced, it is possible to obtain an apparently large textured feel, and moreover, even if the number of key presses is increased, variations in hysteresis do not occur. To provide an excellent effect of enabling stable piano touch over a long period of time, and also enabling early key release and early trill performance.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing an embodiment of the keyboard device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the frame shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the reaction force of the key, and Fig. 4 is FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in the coefficient of reaction force due to key depression. FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8, and FIG. 9 are explanatory views showing modified examples, respectively. 1...Frame, 3...Key, 3A...White key, 3B
...Black key, 4...White key bone is part, 5. ．． 8.25...
・Felt flower, 7.24...Hammer receiver, 9...
The amount of black keys is part, 13A, 13B...switch, 16A,
16B...Cylindrical body, 22...Subframe, 27.
29...Plate spring, 36°40...Hammer, 37.4
1...Sliding surface.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A key rotatably supported at the rear by a fulcrum, a key return means for biasing the key back to a non-operating state, and rotatably supported below the front of the key. What is claimed is: 1. A keyboard device comprising: a hammer; and a hammer receiver slidably abutting a part of the hammer that rotates in response to a key depression operation. 2) A plurality of keys consisting of a white key and a black key are provided, a plurality of hammers pivotally attached to each white key are rotated to the rear of the key, and a plurality of hammers are pivotably attached to each black key. 2. The keyboard device according to claim 1, wherein each of the keys rotates in front of the key. 3) A keyboard according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of a sliding surface of a portion of the hammer and a sliding surface of the hammer receiving portion is formed with a portion where the curvature changes rapidly. Device.