JPH0367302B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0367302B2
JPH0367302B2 JP59257996A JP25799684A JPH0367302B2 JP H0367302 B2 JPH0367302 B2 JP H0367302B2 JP 59257996 A JP59257996 A JP 59257996A JP 25799684 A JP25799684 A JP 25799684A JP H0367302 B2 JPH0367302 B2 JP H0367302B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
lead
alloy
antimony
selenium
lattice
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP59257996A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS61135058A (en
Inventor
Masanobu Shinho
Hiroto Nakajima
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yuasa Corp
Original Assignee
Yuasa Battery Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yuasa Battery Corp filed Critical Yuasa Battery Corp
Priority to JP59257996A priority Critical patent/JPS61135058A/en
Publication of JPS61135058A publication Critical patent/JPS61135058A/en
Publication of JPH0367302B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0367302B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66Selection of materials
    • H01M4/68Selection of materials for use in lead-acid accumulators
    • H01M4/685Lead alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C11/00Alloys based on lead
    • C22C11/08Alloys based on lead with antimony or bismuth as the next major constituent
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

産業上の利用分野 本発明は鉛蓄電池用格子体に係り、特に自動車
用のメンテナンスフリー(MF)鉛蓄電池の格子
体の改良に関するものである。 従来技術とその問題点 近年、鉛蓄電池の市場では、補水の手間を省け
ること、及び自己放電量が少なく注液状態で長期
保存が可能なこと等の利点よりMF(保守不要)
化の傾向が強くなつている。 この種電池はガス発生量が少ないため、その端
子部の腐蝕もほとんど無く、又補水の必要がない
ので任意の場所へ設置が可能であるという利点も
兼有している。 一般にMF電池の格子体合金には、鉛−カルシ
ウム合金或はアンチモン含有量の少ない鉛−低ア
ンチモン合金が用いられている。しかし鉛−カル
シウム合金を正極板の格子体に用いた場合、比較
的放電の深い条件下での充放電サイクルにおい
て、寿命が短いという欠点を有している。 又鉛−アンチモン合金を格子体に用いた場合
は、上記の欠点が改善されるが、MF化を図る目
的でアンチモン含有量を3%以下にした格子体を
用いた電池は、従来のアンチモン4%以上の電池
に比べサイクル寿命が低下する。さらにアンチモ
ン含有量が少なくなる程この寿命低下は大きくな
る傾向がある。 発明の目的 本発明は鉛蓄電池をメンテナンスフリーにする
ことができ、深放電で使用されてもサイクル寿命
が大きく低下することのない鉛蓄電池用格子体を
提供することを目的とする。 発明の構成 本発明は上記目的を達成するべく、0.8〜〜
3.0wt%のアンチモン、0.005〜0.1wt%のセレン、
0.025〜0.3wt%のヒ素、0.2wt%以下の錫0.01〜
0.5wt%のカドミウム、残部が鉛よりなる鉛蓄電
池用格子体である。 鉛−アンチモン合金ではアンチモン含有量が
3wt%以下になると通常の鋳造法では凝固時にク
ラツクが発生しやすくなる。これは凝固温度範囲
(凝固開始から終了までの温度)が大きく、結晶
がデンドライト状に成長し、結晶間の未凝固縫へ
の溶湯の供給が十分おこなわれていないためにお
こる。これを防止するには、英国特許第622512号
明細書に示されているセレンの添加が有効であ
る。こゝでセレンの添加によりデンドライト結晶
の成長が抑えられ、微細な結晶組織となりクラツ
クの発生がなくなる。しかしセレン添加量が
0.005wt%以下では効果が無く、又0.1wt%以上で
は不均一な相ができやすくなり欠陥が生じる。 このようにセレンを0.005〜0.1wt%添加するこ
とにより、クラツクの発生が抑えられ均一な組織
となるが、セレンは合金の時効硬化にはほとんど
影響しない。 又、時効硬化を促進するために、少量のヒ素の
添加が有効である。 しかしヒ素の添加量が0.025wt%以下では時効
硬化はあまり生じない。ヒ素の添加量が0.3wt%
以上では、不均一相の形成により機械的強度が低
下すると共に、腐蝕も多くなる。 アンチモン含有量を少なくすると鋳造性が低下
する。これは従来より知られている錫の添加によ
つて改善できる。しかし錫の添加量が0.2wt%を
超えると溶湯の粘性が増加し、鋳造時の作業性が
悪くなるため0.2wt%以下が望ましい。 上述の如く、鉛−低アンチモン合金で少量のセ
レン、ヒ素、錫の添加により均一な組織となり欠
陥のない良好な格子体を得ることができる。 しかし、アンチモン含有量を低くすると比較的
放電の深い条件下での充放電サイクル寿命は短く
なる傾向がある。そこで格子体合金への各種合金
添加物を調査した結果、カドミウムがこれを改善
するのに有効であることを見出した。 実施例 以下本発明に基づく実施例について説明する。 鉛−アンチモン−セレン−ヒ素−錫合金に0.01
〜0.5wt%のカドミウムを添加した合金からなる
格子体を用いて、36B20R形電池を試作し、JIS
D5301(自動車用蓄電池)による寿命試験を行つ
た。得られた結果を第1表に示した。 なおJIS寿命試験とは40〜50℃の条件で20Aで
1時間放電し、5Aで5時間充電を1サイクルと
して、20A放電で放電持続時間が42分になつた時
点を寿命としている。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD The present invention relates to a grid for lead-acid batteries, and more particularly to an improvement in the grid for maintenance-free (MF) lead-acid batteries for automobiles. Conventional technology and its problems Recently, in the market for lead-acid batteries, MF (maintenance-free) has been gaining popularity due to its advantages such as saving the trouble of refilling with water, low self-discharge, and being able to be stored for a long time in an injected state.
There is a growing trend toward Since this type of battery generates a small amount of gas, there is almost no corrosion of its terminals, and it also has the advantage that it can be installed in any location because it does not require water replenishment. Generally, a lead-calcium alloy or a lead-low antimony alloy with a low antimony content is used for the grid alloy of an MF battery. However, when a lead-calcium alloy is used for the lattice of the positive electrode plate, it has the disadvantage of short life in charge/discharge cycles under relatively deep discharge conditions. In addition, when a lead-antimony alloy is used for the lattice body, the above drawbacks are improved, but batteries using a lattice body with an antimony content of 3% or less for the purpose of achieving MF cannot be manufactured using conventional antimony 4 % or more, the cycle life is reduced compared to batteries with Furthermore, the lower the antimony content, the greater this decrease in life tends to be. OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a grid for a lead-acid battery that can be maintenance-free and whose cycle life does not significantly decrease even when used in deep discharge. Structure of the Invention In order to achieve the above object, the present invention aims to
3.0wt% antimony, 0.005~0.1wt% selenium,
0.025~0.3wt% arsenic, 0.2wt% or less tin 0.01~
A lattice for lead-acid batteries consisting of 0.5wt% cadmium and the balance lead. In lead-antimony alloy, the antimony content is
If it is less than 3wt%, cracks are likely to occur during solidification using normal casting methods. This occurs because the solidification temperature range (temperature from the start to the end of solidification) is wide, the crystals grow like dendrites, and the molten metal is not sufficiently supplied to the unsolidified stitches between the crystals. To prevent this, the addition of selenium as shown in British Patent No. 622,512 is effective. The addition of selenium suppresses the growth of dendrite crystals, resulting in a fine crystal structure and no cracks. However, the amount of selenium added
If it is less than 0.005 wt%, there is no effect, and if it is more than 0.1 wt%, a non-uniform phase is likely to be formed, resulting in defects. By adding 0.005 to 0.1 wt% of selenium in this manner, the occurrence of cracks is suppressed and a uniform structure is achieved, but selenium has little effect on the age hardening of the alloy. Also, in order to accelerate age hardening, it is effective to add a small amount of arsenic. However, when the amount of arsenic added is 0.025 wt% or less, age hardening does not occur much. The amount of arsenic added is 0.3wt%
In this case, the mechanical strength decreases due to the formation of a heterogeneous phase, and corrosion also increases. When the antimony content is reduced, castability is reduced. This can be improved by the conventionally known addition of tin. However, if the amount of tin added exceeds 0.2 wt%, the viscosity of the molten metal will increase and the workability during casting will deteriorate, so it is desirable that the amount of tin be 0.2 wt% or less. As mentioned above, by adding a small amount of selenium, arsenic, and tin to a lead-low antimony alloy, a uniform structure can be obtained, and a good lattice body without defects can be obtained. However, lowering the antimony content tends to shorten the charge/discharge cycle life under conditions of relatively deep discharge. As a result of investigating various alloy additives to the lattice alloy, we found that cadmium is effective in improving this problem. Examples Examples based on the present invention will be described below. 0.01 for lead-antimony-selenium-arsenic-tin alloy
A 36B20R type battery was prototyped using a lattice made of an alloy containing ~0.5wt% cadmium, and the JIS
We conducted a lifespan test using D5301 (automobile storage battery). The results obtained are shown in Table 1. In the JIS life test, one cycle consists of discharging at 20 A for 1 hour and charging at 5 A for 5 hours under the conditions of 40 to 50°C, and the life is defined as the point in time when the discharge duration reaches 42 minutes at 20 A discharge.

【表】 第1表からもわかるように格子体合金にカドミ
ウムを添加することにより寿命が改善できる。従
来の鉛−アンチモン合金の電池に近い性能が得ら
れる。カドミウムの添加量が0.01wt%以下では効
果がない。 又、カドミウムは負極板上に析出してデンドラ
イト状の結晶を成長させ、セパレータの貫通シヨ
ートの原因となるために、添加量は0.5wt%以下
が望ましい。 カドミウムを添加することによりSbCdの金属
間化合物が形成され、鉛−低アンチモン合金の強
度低下をも改善される。 尚、上記実施例では、正、負極板とも同一組成
の合金よりなる格子体を用いたが、負極板に鉛−
カルシウム合金よりなる格子体を用いた方が自己
放電がなく一層効果がある。 発明の効果 上述した如く、本発明の格子体を鉛蓄電池に用
いれば、メンテナンスフリーで且つ深放電サイク
ル寿命の低下を改善できる。
[Table] As can be seen from Table 1, life can be improved by adding cadmium to the lattice alloy. Performance close to that of conventional lead-antimony alloy batteries can be obtained. There is no effect if the amount of cadmium added is less than 0.01wt%. Further, since cadmium precipitates on the negative electrode plate and causes dendrite-like crystals to grow, causing shoots through the separator, the amount added is preferably 0.5 wt% or less. By adding cadmium, an intermetallic compound of SbCd is formed, which also improves the strength loss of the lead-low antimony alloy. In the above example, a grid made of an alloy having the same composition was used for both the positive and negative electrode plates.
Using a lattice made of calcium alloy is more effective as there is no self-discharge. Effects of the Invention As described above, if the lattice body of the present invention is used in a lead-acid battery, it is maintenance-free and the decrease in deep discharge cycle life can be improved.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 0.8〜3.0wt%のアンチモン、0.005〜0.1wt%
のセレン、0.025〜0.3wt%のヒ素、0.2wt%以下
の錫、0.01〜0.5wt%のカドミウムの残部が鉛よ
りなることを特徴とする鉛蓄電池用格子体。
1 0.8-3.0wt% antimony, 0.005-0.1wt%
of selenium, 0.025 to 0.3 wt% of arsenic, 0.2 wt% or less of tin, and 0.01 to 0.5 wt% of cadmium, with the remainder being lead.
JP59257996A 1984-12-05 1984-12-05 Lead storage battery Granted JPS61135058A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59257996A JPS61135058A (en) 1984-12-05 1984-12-05 Lead storage battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59257996A JPS61135058A (en) 1984-12-05 1984-12-05 Lead storage battery

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61135058A JPS61135058A (en) 1986-06-23
JPH0367302B2 true JPH0367302B2 (en) 1991-10-22

Family

ID=17314084

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP59257996A Granted JPS61135058A (en) 1984-12-05 1984-12-05 Lead storage battery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS61135058A (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1461587A (en) * 1973-03-15 1977-01-13 Electric Power Storage Ltd Electric storage battery grids
JPS6043633B2 (en) * 1976-07-23 1985-09-28 松下電器産業株式会社 Grid for lead acid battery
JPS5412420A (en) * 1977-06-30 1979-01-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd Grating for lead storage battery
JPS5924500B2 (en) * 1978-11-17 1984-06-09 株式会社ユアサコーポレーション lead acid battery
JPS5861565A (en) * 1981-10-07 1983-04-12 Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd Lead storage battery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61135058A (en) 1986-06-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP3555877B2 (en) Alloy for battery grid
US3993480A (en) Lead-antimony alloy
JPH0325898B2 (en)
US4086392A (en) Method for reducing the float current of maintenance-free battery
JP3113895B2 (en) Lead alloy for storage battery
JPH0367302B2 (en)
JP2000315519A (en) Lead storage battery
JP4502346B2 (en) Lead-based alloys for lead-acid batteries
JPH0559548B2 (en)
US6455191B2 (en) Connecting part for connecting internal components of lead acid battery
JP3052629B2 (en) Sealed lead-acid battery
JPH0559547B2 (en)
JPH0629021A (en) Lead-based alloy containing calcium, tin and silver, electrode grid made of avobe alloy and lead-acid battery
US4006035A (en) Maintenance-free battery and method for reducing the current draw of such batteries
JPH0770321B2 (en) Sealed lead acid battery
JP4430227B2 (en) Lead-based alloys for lead-acid batteries
JPS6127066A (en) Grid for lead-acid battery and its manufacture
CA1041164A (en) Maintenance-free battery and method for reducing the current draw of such batteries
JP3509294B2 (en) Lead storage battery
JPH09180726A (en) Lead storage battery
JP3658871B2 (en) Lead acid battery
JP2794745B2 (en) Manufacturing method of grid for lead storage battery
Prengaman Improved grid materials for valve regulated lead acid batteries
JPS5924500B2 (en) lead acid battery
JPH01128357A (en) Lead storage battery