JPH0368250B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <<Industrial Application Field>> The present invention comprises a plurality of fixed cylinders and a rotating cylinder arranged coaxially in a fitted state within a casing, and polyisobutylene provided within the casing. By placing a polymeric viscous fluid, such as The present invention relates to a multi-tube rotary damper with variable braking force, which can be used for various purposes and can exert a damping effect against external force, that is, a braking force.

<<Prior Art>> As is well known, conventional dampers have often used oil and utilized turbulent flow resistance when the oil passes through a narrow gap.

However, when using this shock absorber, high precision is required for the above-mentioned gap in order to obtain braking with a predetermined resistance force, and when subjected to an impactful external force, the oil is compressed. Because it is impossible, the impact of the external force will be applied to each member,
As a result, high strength is required, resulting in a large size, and furthermore, there is a risk that problems may occur if the gap becomes blocked by dirt.

Therefore, in order to eliminate the defects of the conventional damper described above, a viscous fluid with high viscosity is placed between the two adjacent surfaces of two objects that are moving relative to each other, and the BACKGROUND ART A shock absorbing device has already been developed that uses the viscous shear resistance of a viscous fluid to obtain resistance to external force without generating an internal pressure increase in the viscous fluid.

The dampers of the above type include a multi-plate damper using a disk-shaped movable plate and a fixed plate, and a multi-tube rotary damper in which a plurality of fixed cylinders and rotating cylinders are fitted alternately. is known, but the latter has already been proposed (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 53-127977) having a configuration as shown in FIG.

In other words, in the cylindrical casing a,
A fixed inner cylinder c _{2 coaxial with the fixed outer cylinder c 1 is} erected from the bottom plate b, and a rotating shaft e is rotatably mounted in the center of the upper cover d of the casing a. At the same time, an outer movable cylinder g ₁ and an inner movable cylinder are fixedly attached to the movable shaft e and protrude downward from a rotating disk f inside the casing a.
g ₂ is fitted coaxially between the outer fixed cylinder c ₁ and the inner fixed cylinder c ₂ and inside the inner fixed cylinder c ₂ , and in this case, all the cylinders c ₁ and c ₂ ,
The distances between g ₁ and g ₂ are adjusted to be the same, and the viscous fluid A is filled in the casing a.

Therefore, when using the above damper, by applying an external force as the rotational force F to the movable shaft e, both movable cylinders g ₁ and g ₂ which are attached to the movable shaft e and both fixed cylinders fixed to the casing a are If c ₁ and c ₂ are moved relative to each other, the viscous shear resistance created by the viscous fluid between the two plates can be used to exert a buffering effect against the external force. Since all the cylinders c ₁ , c ₂ , g ₁ , and g ₂ are fixed in place, unless the distance between the two plates is aligned with high precision and uniformly, the viscosity caused by the viscous fluid will increase. Since the shear resistance increases as the distance between each cylinder decreases,
If there is a narrow point within the above-mentioned distance, a large resistance force will be applied between the two cylinders at that point, and unreasonable force will be applied to the member, leading to damage.

As a result, not only is considerable precision required for manufacturing, but also the known viscous shear resistance
It is proportional to the facing area of both plates, but even if you want to change this facing area and set the resistance force to a separate setting value, the positions of both plates are fixed, so you will have to create a completely new damper. Otherwise, the requirement cannot be met.

≪Problems to be Solved by the Invention≫ The present invention was studied in view of the above-mentioned conventional defects, and its first purpose is to rotate a movable shaft by an external force, thereby transmitting this rotational force to a movable cylinder. The movable cylinder is configured to be able to move freely in the radial direction of the rotating shaft, and the fixed cylinder is prevented from rotating even when the movable shaft rotates, and the fixed cylinder is By configuring the movable shaft to be able to move freely in the radial direction, the fixed cylinder and the movable cylinder, which can move completely freely, are placed in a viscous fluid, resulting in an alignment effect, that is, the viscous fluid By flowing toward the location where the shear resistance is large (where the distance between the cylinders is narrow), it is possible to take advantage of the fact that the distance is evenly divided, and this makes it possible to improve manufacturing efficiency. If high precision is not required, and you want to eliminate the problem of locally generating abnormal viscous resistance and damaging the part, and also change the resistance force, you can use a fixed cylinder or a movable cylinder. The purpose is to be able to respond to various requests as an instant damper by removing or adding.

Furthermore, a second object of the present invention is to provide a damper with a fixed cylinder and a movable cylinder in order to be able to adjust the viscous shear resistance caused by the viscous fluid and adjust the braking force to a desired set value. of,
The casing is formed so that its diameter can be freely expanded and contracted, and the thickness of the shaft cylinder provided at the axial center position of the cylinder can be adjusted freely by external operation, thereby creating a casing in which these cylinder groups can exist. The inner diameter of the cylinder is made variable, and by expanding and contracting the diameter of the cylinder group, it is possible to increase the braking force by narrowing the distance between the cylinders, and decrease the braking force by widening the distance between the cylinders. Therefore, it is possible to easily and quickly adjust the braking force.

≪Means for Solving the Problems≫ In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a movable shaft that is rotatable by an external force and a required number of rotated movable cylinders whose diameters can be expanded and contracted, in a casing. A required number of fixed cylinders whose diameters can be expanded and contracted are disposed coaxially with the movable cylinder and arranged alternately, and which are uncoupled with the rotation of the movable shaft, and are disposed in a fitted state, and the viscous fluid within the casing is fitted. However, in the damper disposed between the opposing surfaces of the movable cylinder and the fixed cylinder, the fixed cylinder is not moved by the rotation of the movable shaft due to engagement with the casing. The movable cylinder is movable in the radial direction, and the movable cylinder is also movable in the radial direction, and a transmission mechanism is provided in the casing at the axial center position of the movable cylinder and the fixed cylinder and can be operated from the outside. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-tube rotary damper with variable braking force using viscous fluid, which is characterized by being provided with a braking force adjusting device that can freely adjust the diameter of the shaft cylinder.

<<Operation>> In the present invention, by applying an external force to the movable shaft as a rotational force, the movable cylinder engaged with the movable shaft is rotated within the viscous fluid of the casing. A viscous shearing resistance force is generated between the fixed cylinder that is maintained in a stationary state due to the viscous fluid, and this acts as a resistance against external force and acts as a damper. However, as mentioned above, the alignment effect , since the viscous fluid flows toward the location where the viscous shear resistance is large, even if there is a wide/narrow gap between the movable cylinder and the fixed cylinder, the viscous fluid flows into the narrow gap where the viscous shear resistance is large. As a result, the movable cylinder and the fixed cylinder, both of which have degrees of freedom in the radial direction, move, and eventually all the plates are placed in a concentric arrangement within the casing, resulting in localized strain. This means that the occurrence of problems such as damage to members due to strong resistance can be completely reduced.

Furthermore, in the present invention, if the transmission mechanism of the braking force adjustment device is operated from the outside, the shaft cylinder located at the shaft center position within the casing will become thicker or thinner. When the cylinder and the fixed cylinder are expanded in diameter, the distance between the cylinders becomes smaller, so the braking force becomes large.On the other hand, when the cylinders become thinner, both cylinders become smaller in diameter, and the distance between them becomes larger. This reduces the braking force, so by adjusting the diameter of the shaft cylinder, the braking force can be adjusted to the required setting value.

<<Embodiment>> The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 12.
and a lid 1b screwed onto the opening.

Next, directly below the lid body 1b, a disc-shaped flange 2a of the movable shaft 2 is rotatably fitted to the cylindrical body 1a, so that the flange 2a is installed inside the casing 1, and the flange 2a of the movable shaft 2 is rotatably fitted to the cylindrical body 1a. A shaft rod 2b protruding perpendicularly from the shaft center is connected to the shaft receiving port 1 of the lid body 1b.
After fitting the square hole 3a of the rotating arm 3 into the square head 2c protruding from the shaft receiving port 1c of the shaft rod 2b, the locking screw 4 is inserted into the square head. By screwing into the coupling screw hole 2d of 2c, the movable shaft 2 can be rotated by the rotational force applied to the rotating arm 3.

Further, within the casing 1, a required number of movable cylinders 5a, 5b and fixed cylinders 6a, 6b are loosely fitted in an alternating arrangement on the outer circumferential side of the axial center line of the movable shaft 2. A fixed cylinder 6a with a small diameter, a movable cylinder 5a with a small diameter, a fixed cylinder 6b with a large diameter, and a movable cylinder 5b with a large diameter are fitted in order from the axis side.

Here, in the present invention, rotational force is transmitted to the movable cylinders 5a and 5b by the rotation of the movable shaft 2, and
In order to ensure that the cylinders 5a and 5b have a degree of freedom in the radial direction of the casing 1, a sliding groove 2e is provided at a diametrical position on the lower surface of the flange 2a of the movable shaft 2. A pair of locking pieces 5c and 5d protruding from the upper end edges of the movable cylinders 5a and 5b are slidably engaged with this.

On the other hand, the fixed cylinders 6a and 6b do not rotate with the rotation of the movable shaft 2, and are allowed to freely fluctuate in the radial direction of the casing 1 in the same way as the movable cylinders 5a and 5b. To do this, a pair of locking pieces 6c and 6d are provided protruding from the lower end edges of the fixed cylinders 6a and 6b, and these locking pieces 6c and 6d are connected to the cylindrical body 1a.
The bottom wall 1d is slidably engaged with a sliding groove 1e provided in a linear position, and this sliding groove 1e and the sliding groove 2e are similar to each other as shown in FIG. By arranging them parallel to each other, the movable cylinders 5a, 5b and the fixed cylinders 6a, 6b are both movable in the same radial direction, and the casing 1 is filled with the above-mentioned viscous fluid A. .

Here, movable cylinders 5a, 5b, fixed cylinders 6a, 6
b is Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 7, Fig. 9, Fig. 11
As shown in the figure, the separation slit S ₁ for one piece,
S ₂ , S ₃ and S ₄ are cut in a straight line parallel to the axis, and separation slits S ₁ and S ₂ of the movable cylinders 5a and 5b and separation slits S of the fixed cylinders 6a and 6b are provided. ₃ and _S4 are separated from each other so that they are on one diameter line and are spaced apart from each other.

These separation slits S ₁ , S ₂ , S ₃ , and S ₄ are for allowing the movable cylinders 5a, 5b and the fixed cylinders 6a, 6b to be deformed into an enlarged or reduced diameter state, and also to allow the viscous fluid A to be deformed. It is also effective to improve the flowability within the casing 1, thereby providing more responsiveness and smoothness due to the alignment effect generated by the rotation of the movable shaft 2.

Further, in the above embodiment, the movable cylinders 5a, 5b,
In both cases of the fixed cylinders 6a and 6b, these locking pieces 5c, 5d, 6c, and 6d are provided protrudingly and are fitted into the slide grooves 2e and 1e, respectively, but of course, male and female locking pieces are provided. 12th by reversing the relationship
As shown in Figure a, for example, the bottom wall 1d of the cylindrical body 1a
A slide protrusion 1f is provided protruding from the radial position, and a locking groove 6e provided at the lower end edge of the fixed cylinders 6a, 6b at the diametrical position is arranged so that it can freely slide onto the slide protrusion 1f. They may be fitted together, and a plurality of slide protrusions 1e and locking grooves 6e may be provided side by side as shown in Figure b.

Furthermore, in the present invention, within the casing 1, a shaft cylinder 8 of the braking force adjustment device 7 is disposed, and the shaft center position thereof is arranged by a transmission mechanism 9 that can be operated from the outside. , its diameter can be adjusted.

In the case of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 and the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the braking force adjustment device is provided by a link mechanism and a cam mechanism, respectively. It is structured as follows.

That is, in the first embodiment, the shaft cylinder 8 is the adjustment shaft 8a.
, a pair of arms 8b, 8b, and a pair of half-split tubes 8
A shaft portion 8e, which is continuous with a protruding flange portion 8d at the lower end of the adjustment shaft 8a, is located at the bottom of the cylindrical body 1a. It is rotatably fitted into the shaft center hole 1g opened in the wall 1d, and this shaft rod portion 8e
A narrow angular head 8f continuous to the bottom wall 1d protrudes from the bottom wall 1d.

The transmission mechanism 9 has a square hole 9a in the square head 8f.
It consists of an adjustment knob 9b into which is fitted, and a locking screw 9c which is screwed into the screw hole 8g in order to fix this to the thin square head 8f.

Further, from the upper end surface of the adjustment shaft 8a, there is a link rod 8 which is arranged in a straight line and projects upward from the upper end surface of the adjustment shaft 8a.
The pair of shaft holes 8j, 8j are provided between the adjusting rods 8i, 8i, which are provided to protrude upward from the center of the upper end surface of the half cylinders 8c, 8c, and the link rods 8h, 8h. , 8k, 8k are opened arm 8
b, 8b are linked, and the half cylinder 8c,
Guide elements 8l, 8l protruding from the lower end surface of 8c
However, the locking pieces 6c and 6d are fitted into the sliding groove 1e so as to be movable in the radial direction.

Therefore, when using the above braking force adjustment device 7,
If the adjustment knob 9b is turned from the outside by a desired amount of rotation, the adjustment shaft 8a will rotate, and thereby the arms 8b, 8b will also rotate, and the half tubes 8c, 8 will be rotated.
It is possible to make the diameter of the shaft tube 8 smaller by pulling it toward the shaft center, or to increase the diameter of the shaft tube 8 by moving the half tubes 8c, 8c away from the shaft center.

On the other hand, in the braking force adjustment device 7 according to the second embodiment described above, instead of using the arms 8b, 8b, the adjustment shaft is installed in the axial square hole 8p of the cam 8n, which has elongated holes 8m, 8m. A square rod 8q protruding from the upper end surface of 8a at the axial center position is fitted, and the adjusting rod 8 of the half cylinders 8c, 8c is fitted into the elongated holes 8m, 8m, respectively.
i and 8i are loosely fitted, and in this case as well, by rotating the adjustment knob 9b, the cam 8n is rotated to move the half tubes 8c and 8c closer to each other, thereby adjusting the diameter of the shaft tube 8. is variable.

Next, in the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a wedge mechanism is provided in the braking force adjustment device 7, as shown in FIGS.
The fourth embodiment shown in the figures utilizes a spring mechanism, and the fifth embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 utilizes the elastic change of an elastic body.

That is, in the third embodiment, the adjustment shaft 8a has a tapered portion 8 tapered upward from the flange portion 8d.
r is formed, and a screw rod 8 at the upper end thereof is formed.
A downwardly tapered taper piece 8t is screwed into s through its screw hole 8t', and the half tube 8
Upper and lower tapered receiving surfaces 8u and 8u' are provided on the upper and lower inner surfaces of the cylinders c and 8c, respectively, and are formed so that the diameter gradually decreases from the end edge toward the deep part of the cylinder. The taper piece 8t and the taper portion 8r are in contact with each other.

Therefore, in this device, by rotating the adjustment knob 9b, the adjustment shaft 8a is rotated, and thereby the taper piece 8t, which is held in a non-rotating state by the half tubes 8c, is rotated by the screw rod 8s. As a result, in the case of a downward movement, a wedge is driven in and the half tubes 8c, 8c are separated, thereby increasing the outer diameter of the shaft tube 8. Conversely, if the taper piece 8t is raised, the outer diameter becomes smaller.

In the fourth embodiment, a spiral tube 8v wrapped around a separately prepared band plate is fitted onto the adjustment shaft 8a, and locking pieces 8w, 8 protrude from the lower end of the tube 8v.
w is locked in the slide groove 1e, and locking pieces 8x, 8x are also connected to the lifting piece 8 from the upper end.
It is locked in the locking grooves 8z, 8z that are not provided on the left and right sides of the cylinder y, and the vertical ribs 8c', 8c' provided on the inner surface of the half tubes 8c, 8c are also locked in the locking grooves 8z, 8z. is stopped, and the screw rod 8s of the adjustment shaft 8a is the lifting piece 8.
It is configured to be screwed into the shaft screw hole 8y' of y.

Therefore, by rotating the adjustment knob 9b, the adjustment shaft 8
When a rotates left and right and the lifting piece 8y, which is in a non-rotating state, descends, the spiral tube 8a is pressed in the axial direction and its diameter increases, so the half tube 8c is moved by the increased diameter. , 8c slide outward and the diameter of the shaft tube 8 increases.Conversely, when the lifting piece 8y moves upward, the spiral tube 8a returns to its original position and becomes smaller in diameter, and the half tubes 8c, 8c also increase their distance. distance becomes smaller.

In the fifth embodiment, instead of the spiral tube 8v used in the fourth embodiment, two elastic tubes 8v' and 8v' made of rubber or the like are used in the illustrated example. The elastic cylinder 8 is lowered by the lowering of the lifting piece 8y.
v', 8v' are crushed in the axial direction, and this increases the diameter, which causes the half cylinders 8c, 8c to separate and make the shaft cylinder 8 thicker, and the elastic cylinder 8 due to the reverse movement of the lifting piece 8y.
The diameter can be adjusted to a small diameter by restoring v' and 8v'.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the diameter of the shaft cylinder 8 can be freely adjusted by operating the transmission mechanism 9, so that the inside of the casing 1 where the movable cylinders 5a, 5b and the fixed cylinders 6a, 6b are present. Since the actual diameter of the cylinder can be freely adjusted, and the diameter of the cylinder can be expanded and contracted, the distance between the cylinders can be calculated by dividing the diameter evenly by the alignment effect. The viscous fluid A can be made larger or smaller.
The braking force based on this can be adjusted to a desired value.

Therefore, if this is used in a door checker or the like, when an external force acts on the rotating arm 3 as a rotational force, the rotation of the movable shaft 2 causes the movable cylinders 5a, 5b to also be moved into the sliding groove provided on the flange 2a. 2f, and locking pieces 5c, 5 of the movable cylinders 5a, 5b.
d, rotational force is transmitted to the movable cylinders 5a, 5b, and at this time, the locking pieces 6c, 6d of the fixed cylinders 6a, 6b are inserted into the sliding groove 1e of the cylindrical body 1a. Since the fixed cylinders 6a, 6b and the rotating movable cylinders 5a, 5b are in a non-rotating state, the thickness of the viscous fluid A existing between the cylindrical surfaces adjusted as described above is As a result, the determined viscous shearing resistance acts, and the two cylinders 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, each having a degree of freedom, move in the radial direction of the casing 1 due to the above-mentioned alignment effect,
The distances between the cylinders are equalized, and as a result, both cylinders are placed in parallel so that the diameter within the casing 1 is equally divided.

<<Effects of the Invention>> Since the present invention is configured as described above, both the movable cylinder and the fixed cylinder are free to fluctuate in the radial direction of the casing, so when the movable cylinder is rotated by an external force, The alignment effect is exhibited under extremely ideal conditions, and as a result, a highly reliable resistance force is always obtained, and no large load is applied locally, making it difficult to break parts such as cylinders. It is possible to provide a multi-tube rotary damper at a low cost that does not cause any trouble and does not cause an increase in the internal pressure of viscous fluid even when an external force is actuated.

Furthermore, if you want to drastically change the design of the viscous wire breakage resistance, you can simply replace the movable cylinder and fixed cylinder with ones of different dimensions, or change the number of cylinders.
The purpose can be achieved very easily without creating a new one.

Moreover, in the present invention, the diameter of the shaft cylinder of the braking force adjusting device can be adjusted by only a simple external operation such as a rotational operation, so that the braking force can be easily and quickly adjusted to a desired braking force.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a first embodiment of a multi-tubular rotary damper with variable braking force using viscous fluid according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the same, and FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the same. Figures 4 and 5, Figures 6 and 7, Figures 8 and 9, Figures 10 and 11 respectively show second, third, fourth and fifth embodiments of the same rotary damper. Figures 12a and 12b are exploded perspective views showing fixed cylinders and cylindrical bodies according to other embodiments, and Figure 13 is a conventional multi-cylinder rotating system using viscous fluid. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a main part of the damper. 1... Casing, 2... Movable shaft, 5a, 5b
...Movable cylinder, 6a, 6b...Fixed cylinder, 7...
Braking force adjustment device, 8... shaft cylinder, 9... transmission mechanism,
A...Viscous fluid.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Inside the casing, together with a movable shaft rotatable by an external force, a required number of rotatable movable cylinders whose diameter can be expanded and contracted, and a movable cylinder coaxial with the movable cylinder and arranged alternately, and which is insensitive to the rotation of the movable shaft. A required number of interlocking fixed cylinders whose diameters can be expanded and contracted are arranged in a fitted state, and the viscous fluid in the casing is distributed between the opposing surfaces of the movable cylinder and the fixed cylinder. , due to the engagement of the fixed cylinder with the casing, the movable shaft does not rotate, but the fixed cylinder is movable in the radial direction, and the movable cylinder is also movable in the radial direction. In addition, a braking force adjustment device is provided in the casing at the axial center position of the movable cylinder and the fixed cylinder, and allows the diameter of the shaft cylinder to be adjusted freely by a transmission mechanism that can be operated from the outside. A multi-tube rotary damper with variable braking force using viscous fluid.