JPH0369246B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an onion stem and leaf cutting device, which mainly cuts the onion stems and leaves that have been dug up in an onion harvester by aligning them downward. Regarding.

(Conventional technology) Conventionally, this type of onion stem and leaf cutting device was
For example, a pair of conveyance rollers each having an elastic conveyance protrusion spirally wound around the outer periphery in the axial direction are mounted parallel to each other at an appropriate interval so as to be rotatable inwardly, and the discharge end of the pair of conveyance rollers is A drive shaft is rotatably provided hanging down from above to one of the discharging ends of the section, and a driven shaft is rotatably provided from below to the other discharging end. A circular receiver is fixed to the lower end, and a cutter is fixed to the upper end of the other driven shaft, which rotates in pressure contact with the circumferential surface of the circular receiver. A structure has been proposed in which the driven shaft is biased by a spring so as to be constantly pressed and rotated.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) According to the above configuration, the drive shaft having the circular receiving plate at the lower end is provided hanging down from above perpendicular to the conveyance roller, so that the onion stems and leaves are conveyed in a pair. If the stems and leaves are not aligned so that they hang downward between the rollers and are transported to the delivery end while remaining on the pair of transport rollers, the leaves may cling to the drive shaft, become tangled, or cause onion damage. There is a problem in unloading that the unloading from the unloading end becomes unsmooth, uncertain, and sometimes impossible.

In addition, since the cutter is driven by the circular receiver at the lower end of the drive shaft, it may be difficult to cut thick stems and leaves. There is a problem in cutting that the onions are congested and it becomes difficult to smoothly cut the stems and leaves and carry out the onions.

Furthermore, since the driven shaft is energized by a spring so that the cutter is always in pressure contact with the circular receiver, there is a risk that the cutter blade may break or be damaged depending on the applied force, and the configuration becomes complicated. There is a mechanical problem.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the first invention is to make it possible to reliably cut the onion stems and leaves in a downward facing manner and to guide them to the cutting section, and to cut the onions smoothly and To provide an onion stem and leaf cutting device which can be surely carried out, eliminate problems in carrying out and cutting, and which prevents the cutter from mechanically breaking or being damaged, and which has a simple configuration. This is the purpose.

In addition to the object of the first invention, the second invention provides an onion foliage cutting device that allows the cutting length of the foliage to be easily changed and that does not damage the onion during cutting. The purpose is to provide the following.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) The onion foliage cutting device of the first invention has at least a pair of rotatable devices that convey the onion in the axial direction and control the attitude of the onion foliage in a downward direction to carry it out. a conveyance roller; a pair of drive shafts that are rotatably arranged inwardly with their respective upper ends facing the discharge ends of the pair of conveyance rollers from below; and upper ends of the pair of drive shafts. A pair of cutters are fixed to the onion and have an annular blade guide groove on the outer periphery of one side and a cutter rotating in the blade guide groove to cut the stems and leaves of the onion on the other side, and support the onion from both sides. and an onion support.

In addition, the second invention of the onion stem and leaf cutting device is as follows:
at least a pair of rotatable conveyance rollers that convey the onion in the axial direction and control the posture of the onion stems and leaves in a downward direction for conveyance; A pair of drive shafts are faced from below at the discharging end of the transport roller, and a drive shaft is fixed to the upper end of the pair of drive shafts so as to be able to be rotated vertically, and is located at a position vertically offset from the center of the outer periphery of one of the drive shafts. A pair of onion supports having an annular blade guide groove and having a cutter rotating in the blade guide groove to cut the onion stems and leaves on the other side and supporting the onion from both sides; and the pair of onion supports. It is equipped with conical elastic bodies symmetrically fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the body.

(Function) According to the onion stem and leaf cutting device of the first invention, when the pair of conveyance rollers are rotated inwardly, and the onion is carried onto the pair of conveyance rollers, the onion is The onion leaves are moved between the conveyance rollers and conveyed in the axial direction, and the onion leaves are guided downward between the pair of conveyance rollers and conveyed, so that the onion stems and leaves are introduced between the pair of conveyance rollers. The container is adjusted to a state where it hangs downward and is transported out from the unloading end. The onion is carried in and supported on a pair of onion supports that rotate inwardly with each other as the drive shaft rotates, and the onion is moved in the unloading direction by the rotation of the pair of onion supports. At the same time, the onion stems and leaves are drawn between the blade guide groove and the cutter and are cut from a predetermined position by the blade guide groove and the cutter.

Further, according to the onion stem and leaf cutting device of the second invention, the onions carried onto the pair of onion supports are supported on the conical elastic bodies on both sides, thereby damaging the onions. It is carried in without any problems, and is supported with good stability and moved in the carrying out direction.

Furthermore, by flipping the pair of onion supports upside down and fixing them to the upper ends of their respective drive shafts, the positions of the blade guide groove and the cutter that rotates within this blade guide groove can be changed vertically. The cutting position of onion stems and leaves is adjusted.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

In the figure, 1 is a machine frame of an onion harvesting machine, and the front part of this machine frame 1 includes a running wheel 2, an excavator 3, a first conveyor 4, and a carry-in section at the discharge end of the first conveyor 4. A second conveyor 5 is provided so as to be freely movable. Further, an onion conveying device 6 and an engine 7 are provided on the machine frame 1, and a rotatable rotatable device driven by the engine 7 via an interlocking medium 8 is provided at the bottom of the machine frame 1. A track belt 9 is provided.
Further, a chute body 10 is provided between the delivery end of the second conveyor 5 and the delivery part of the onion conveying device 6. Further, the first conveyor 4 and the second conveyor 5 are connected to interlocking media 11 and 1, respectively.
The engine 7 is interlocked with the engine 7 via the engine 2.

The onion conveying device 6 is provided with a pair of side frames 13, 13 facing each other on both left and right sides of the machine frame 1, and between the pair of side frames 13, 13, the onion a is transferred between the stems and leaves b. A pair of conveyor rollers 15, 15 arranged in parallel with a predetermined interval 14
A plurality of sets of conveying roller groups 16 are rotatably mounted on shafts in parallel. In addition, the pair of conveyor rollers 15, 15 in each set are used to handle the onion a, respectively.
A plurality of sets of transport rollers 16, which are pivoted inwardly so as to introduce the stems and leaves b between the pair of transport rollers 15, 15, are connected to the engine 7. are interlocked and connected to each other via an interlocking medium 17 and a transmission 18. Also, a pair of conveyance rollers 15, 15 in each set
has a series of engagement grooves 19, 19 on the outer periphery in the longitudinal direction.
is formed in a spiral shape with a predetermined pitch, and a large number of elastic protrusions 20, 20n are formed in the engaging grooves 19, 19.
Elastic conveying protrusions 21, 21 in the form of narrow long plates made of an elastic member such as a canvas-filled rubber plate having Pushing protrusions 22, 22 for pushing the onion a are formed on the feeding surface of the onion a, and a predetermined interval is formed in the length direction on the rear edge vicinity of the pushing protrusions 22, 22. The plurality of elastic protrusions 2
0.20n is formed. The pitch between the spirals formed by the elastic conveying protrusions 21, 21 is formed of a pitch capable of conveying the onion a.

Further, the pair of conveyance rollers 15, 15 are formed of synthetic resin into a hollow cylindrical shape, and the hollow portion 2
Rotating shafts 24, 24 are inserted into the interiors of the rotating shafts 24, 23, and are integrally connected to each other via face plates 25, 25 at both ends of the respective conveyance rollers 15, 15. The rotating shafts 24, 24 are rotatably supported via bearing bodies 26, 26, and one end of each rotating shaft 24, 24 is interlocked and connected via an interlocking medium so that each pair can be rotated inwardly. ing. One end of the rotating shaft 24 on one side is interlockingly connected to the engine 7 via the interlocking medium 17 and the transmission 18.

Next, a pair of conveyance rollers 1 in each set
A stem and leaf cutting device 27 that rotates inwardly to cut the stem and leaf b of the onion a is provided at each of the delivery ends of the onions a and 15, and the stem and leaf cutting device 27
A transverse conveyor 28 for conveying the onions a whose stems and leaves b have been cut and removed is provided at the rear of the container 28, and a container 29 for storing the onions a is provided at the discharge end of the transverse conveyor 28.

The stem and leaf cutting device 27 is arranged so that the stem and leaf cutting device 27
A pair of connecting frames 31 are attached in the left-right direction to a supporting frame 30 provided between the rear ends of the connecting frames 3 and 13, and in the left-right direction of the connecting frames 31, the pair of conveying rollers 15 and 15 in each set are A mounting plate 33 on the lower side of the support frame 32 is fixed to the lower part of the unloading end, and a large number of support pieces 34, 34 in pairs are protruded from the upper inner side of the support frame 32. are respectively protruded into the discharge end portions of the pair of conveyance rollers 15, 15,
The bearing body 2 is placed on each of the upper support pieces 34, 34.
6 and 26 are fixed. Further, a large number of mission cases 35, 35 are fixed to the inner side of the mounting plate 33 of the support frame 32, and correspond to the lower portions of the discharging ends of the pair of transport rollers 15, 15 in each set. 35, the insertion hole 3 of the horizontal plate portion 36 of the support frame 32 is inserted into the support frame 32.
The lower portions of the drive shafts 39, 39 forming a pair are rotatably inserted through the upper bearing 38 from 7, and the lower ends of each drive shaft 39, 39 are rotatably inserted into the lower bearings 40, 40. Supported for free movement. Further, the drive shafts 39, 39 in each set
Spline shaft portions 42, 42 having splines 41, 41 in the axial direction are formed at the upper end portions, and a pair of onion supports 43, 43 are respectively inserted into the spline shaft portions 42, 42 through insertion holes 44, which are formed of spline holes. 44, and nuts 45, 45 are removably fastened to screw portions formed at the upper ends of the spline shaft portions 42, 42.

A pair of onion supports 43, 43 in each set
has disc bodies 47, 47 of a size that forms an introduction gap 46 of a predetermined size for introducing the stems and leaves b between them when attached to the spline shaft parts 42, 42, and this one disc body 47 In the outer peripheral part 47a of
A blade guide groove 48 as an annular blade guide groove is formed at a position vertically offset from the center, and the blade guide groove 4 is formed on the outer peripheral part 47a of the other disc body 47.
A disk-shaped cutter 50 having a saw-toothed blade 49 at its outer peripheral edge rotates inside the cutter 8 is fixed. Further, elastic bodies 51, 51, 52, 52 each formed in the same conical shape using an elastic member are symmetrically fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the pair of disk bodies 47, 47, respectively.

Next, inside the pair of transmission cases 35, 35 in each set, the inner ends of the input shafts 53, 53, which are rotatably supported horizontally on the mounting plates 33 of the connection frame 31 and the support frame 32, protrude. The inner ends of the input shafts 53, 53 and the lower portions of the pair of drive shafts 39, 39 are vertically shifted and are rotatably connected via gear mechanisms 54, 54. In addition, the input shafts 53, 53 in each set
The outer end of the input shaft 53 is rotatably connected via a pulley 55 and a belt 56, and the input shaft 53 at the outer end is further connected to a pulley 57, a belt 58, and an interlocking shaft 5.
It is operatively connected to the transmission 18 via 9. Further, the interlocking shaft 59 and the drive shaft 60 of the lateral feed conveyor 28 are connected to a universal joint 6.
1. As a result, the pair of onion supports 43, 43 in each set are
They are designed to be interlocked and rotated inward via respective drive shafts 39, 39.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained.

The engine 7 is driven to advance the machine, and the power from the engine 7 rotates the first conveyor 4 and the second conveyor 5 clockwise in FIG. A pair of conveyance rollers 15, 1 in each group in the roller group 16
5 and the pair of onion supports 43, 43 are mutually rotated inwardly, and the lateral feed conveyor 28
is routed towards the side.

Then, the onions a in the field are dug up by the digging unit 3, or the onions a whose roots have been cut are scooped up, and the soil is shaken off from the onions a by the first and second conveyors 4 and 5. The chute 1 is transported from the unloading end of the second conveyor 5 while being dropped.
0 to the carrying-in section of the conveying roller group 16 of the onion conveying device 6. In addition, this conveying roller group 16
Each of the onions a carried into the
The onions a on the pair of conveyance rollers 15, 15 in each set are distributed as follows:
The pair of conveyance rollers 15, 15 are moved by the pushing protrusions 22, 22 of the respective elastic conveyance protrusions 21, 21.
While being moved in between and conveyed in the conveying direction,
The stems and leaves b of each onion a have elastic conveying protrusions 21 and 2.
A large number of elastic protrusions 20, 20n protruding from the roller 1 lock the raw portion of the roller 1, and the roller is introduced downward from within the gap 14 between the pair of conveyor rollers 15, 15 and conveyed. Then, the stems and leaves b of the onion a are arranged in a downward hanging state and are conveyed to the discharge ends of the pair of conveyance rollers 15, 15.
A pair of conveyance rollers 1 in each set
The onions a on 5 and 15 are carried in from their unloading ends and supported between the pair of onion supports 43 and 43, respectively, and are moved rearward.
The stems and leaves b are introduced in a downwardly hanging state into the introduction gap 46 between the pair of onion supports 43, 43, and are cut by the blade 49 of each cutter 50 and the blade guide groove 48. On the other hand, the onion a is carried into the lateral conveyor 28 by the rotation of the pair of onion supports 43, 43, and is conveyed and stored in the container 29.

In the above case, the elastic conveying protrusions 21, 21 having a large number of elastic protrusions 20, 20n are arranged on the conveying roller 1.
By fitting and locking the lower part into the engagement grooves 19, 19 of
1 and 21 are reliably held without being separated due to the conveyance resistance pushed laterally by the onion a during the conveyance of the onion a.

Further, a large number of elastic protrusions 20, 20n are not provided on the outer periphery between the pitches of the elastic conveying protrusions 21, 21,
Since the large number of elastic protrusions 20, 20n are provided to protrude from the elastic conveying protrusions 21, 21, even if stones are mixed in the onions a being carried in, these stones will be removed by the conveying roller 1.
A large number of elastic protrusions 2 are received on the outer periphery of 5 and 15.
0,20n, and even if such a situation occurs, the many elastic protrusions 20,20n will be elastically deformed by the stone and fall to one side to avoid this and prevent the stone from running over. is smoothly conveyed by the rotation of the elastic conveying protrusions 21, 21.

Further, a pair of onion supports 43, 43 having elastic bodies 51, 51, 52, 52 on the upper and lower sides are driven inwardly, and the blade 49 of the cutter 50 on one side is moved into the groove 48 in the blade guide groove 48 on the other side. Since the blades 49 are formed in a serrated shape, the onions a are rotated within the respective pairs of onion supports 4.
On the other hand, the stems and leaves b of each onion a,
Regardless of its size, it can be reliably cut without sliding into contact and sending it backwards.

Next, when it is necessary to change the cutting position of the stems and leaves b of onion a, in other words, instead of cutting the stems and leaves b at the birth stage, as shown by the solid line in Figure 4, cut the stems and leaves b at a position away from the birth stage. When cutting with
The nut 4 is inserted from the upper end screw portion of the spline shaft portions 42, 42 of the pair of drive shafts 39, 39 in each set.
5 and 45, and the pair of spline-fitted onion supports 43 and 43 are pulled out from the spline shaft portions 42 and 42. Then, the pair of onion supports 43, 43 are turned upside down and spline-fitted to the respective spline shaft parts 42, 42 again, and the spline shaft parts 4
Tighten the nuts 45, 45 again to the threaded portions 2, 42. As a result, the pair of onion supports 43, 43 in each set are prevented from coming off by the nuts 45, 45, and the upper and lower elastic bodies 51, 51, 5, respectively
2 and 52 are flipped upside down and swapped, and
A cutter 50 having respective blade guide grooves 48, 48 and a blade 49 that rotates within the blade guide grooves 48.
is adjusted and converted to the position shown by the chain line in FIG. As a result, the cutting length is set so that the stems and leaves of the onion a can be cut from a predetermined position spaced apart from the edge of the onion, and the stems and leaves b are reliably cut at this position.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the first invention, while the onion is conveyed in the conveying direction by at least a pair of conveying rollers, the stems and leaves of the onion are guided downward to the cutting section, and the onion is placed on the pair of onion supports. At the same time, the onion stems and leaves can be reliably cut by the blade guide groove and the cutter. In this case, since there is no interfering member such as a drive shaft between the pair of conveyance rollers and the upper parts of the pair of onion supports, onions and stems and leaves do not get jammed or tangled at the discharge ends of the pair of conveyance rollers. This can be carried out smoothly and reliably to the cutting section without any trouble. Furthermore, by driving the pair of onion supports inwardly, there is no possibility of slippage or miscutting of stems and leaves, unlike when one of the onion supports is driven by the other. Further, since the cutter is not pressed against the other side, there is no need for a means for biasing the cutter, and there is no risk of breakage or damage due to biasing the cutter. In addition to this, by attaching the pair of onion supports upside down, the cutting length of the stems and leaves can be easily changed, and the elastic action of the elastic body allows This prevents onions from being damaged when the onions are carried in and when the onion stems and leaves are cut.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a plan view of a part of the onion stem and leaf cutting device, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A to A of the same as above, and Fig. 3 is the same as Fig. 1. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line C-C in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a side view of the harvester equipped with the onion cutting device. 14... Interval, 15... Conveyance roller, 21...
Elastic conveyance protrusion, 39... Drive shaft, 43... Onion support, 48... Blade guide groove, 49... Blade, 50...
cutter, 51, 52... elastic body, a... onion,
b...Stems and leaves.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. At least a pair of rotatable conveyance rollers that convey the onion in the axial direction and control the attitude of the onion leaves downwards to convey the onion, and at least a pair of rotatable conveyance rollers that are rotatably erected toward each other inwardly. A pair of drive shafts each having an upper end facing the discharge end of the pair of transport rollers from below, and a ring-shaped blade guide groove fixed to the upper end of the pair of drive shafts and having an annular blade guide groove on the outer periphery of one of the drive shafts. and a pair of onion supports, the other of which has a cutter that rotates in the blade guide groove to cut the onion stem and leaves, and supports the onion from both sides. Cutting device. 2. At least a pair of rotatable conveyance rollers that convey the onion in the axial direction and control the attitude of the onion leaves downward and convey it out; A pair of drive shafts are faced from below at the delivery ends of the pair of transport rollers, and a drive shaft is fixed to the upper end of the pair of drive shafts so as to be able to be turned over vertically, and is offset vertically from the center of the outer periphery of one of the drive shafts. a pair of onion supports having an annular blade guide groove at one position and a cutter rotating in the blade guide groove to cut the onion stems and leaves at the other side, and supporting the onion from both sides; 1. An onion stem and leaf cutting device, comprising: a conical elastic body symmetrically fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of an onion support.